A broaching machine for gears

Abstract

This utility model belongs to the field of broaching technology, and particularly relates to a broaching machine for gears, comprising: a base, on which a support is provided, and the support is provided with a placement groove. Through the base and support, the gear workpiece can be fixed by a workpiece clamping structure during processing. A first horizontal moving device within the groove can drive a first bracket, a first clamping structure, and a rod to move flexibly. In the cutting structure above the rod, a sleeve fitted around the outer periphery of the rod and a cutting edge on its outer periphery can perform cutting processing on the gear. A first support block and a second support block provide good support and positioning for the sleeve. The second support block is installed through a detachable connection structure. When it is necessary to replace the sleeve with a different specification to adapt to different gear processing requirements, the second support block can be easily removed for replacement, improving the ease of operation of the equipment. A pull rod structure on one side of the support can effectively pull the rod, cooperating with the cutting structure to complete the broaching processing of the gear.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of broaching technology, and in particular relates to a broaching machine for gears. Background Technology

[0002] A horizontal hydraulic broaching machine is a metal cutting machine tool specifically designed for gear machining. It is an important category of broaching machines, powered by hydraulic drive. Its horizontal layout allows for stable machining, and it uses a broach as the core cutting tool. The hydraulic system precisely controls the linear motion of the broach to broach the gear blank, achieving high-precision gear tooth profile forming. The broached gears are then used in gearboxes. During machining, precise control of the relative movement between the tool and the workpiece effectively ensures the dimensional accuracy, surface quality, and tooth profile accuracy of the gears.

[0003] In the existing technology, the assembly structure of the sleeve and rod used for cutting is complicated. The support and positioning of the sleeve mostly adopts a fixed connection method. When it is necessary to process gears with different tooth profiles, a large number of parts need to be disassembled to replace the sleeve. The operation process is cumbersome and the replacement efficiency is extremely low, making it difficult to meet the needs of processing gears of multiple varieties and small batches. Utility Model Content

[0004] The purpose of this utility model is to address the aforementioned technical problems by providing a broaching machine for gears.

[0005] A broaching machine for gears includes: a base, a support provided on the base, a placement groove provided on the support, and a workpiece clamping structure provided in the placement groove; The base is also provided with a groove, a support seat is provided in the groove, a first horizontal moving device is provided on the support seat, a first bracket is provided at the driving end of the first horizontal moving device, a first clamping structure is provided on the first bracket, a rod is clamped on the first clamping structure, and a cutting structure is provided on the outer periphery of the rod. The cutting structure includes a sleeve fitted around the outer periphery of the rod body. The outer periphery of the sleeve is provided with a plurality of cutting edges. A first support block is provided on one side of the rod body, and a second support block is provided on the other side of the rod body. The second support block is detachably installed on the outer periphery of the rod body through a connecting structure. The sleeve is located between the first support block and the second support block. The sleeve can be replaced by removing the second support block. A tie rod structure is provided on one side of the support for pulling the rod.

[0006] Furthermore, the workpiece clamping structure includes a first mounting plate disposed in the placement groove, a lifting drive device is disposed above the support, the drive end of the lifting drive device extends movably through the support into the placement groove, and the drive end of the lifting drive device is provided with a second mounting plate.

[0007] Furthermore, the pull rod structure includes a second horizontal moving device disposed on the base, a second bracket disposed on the second horizontal moving device, an opening provided on the inner wall of the placement groove, the opening extending from the placement groove to one side of the support, and a second clamping structure disposed on the second bracket for clamping the rod extending from the opening.

[0008] Furthermore, the first clamping structure is identical to the second clamping structure. Both the first and second clamping structures include a first mounting plate mounted on a corresponding first or second bracket. A first sliding groove is provided on one side of the first mounting plate. A first bidirectional threaded rod is rotatably mounted in the first sliding groove. Two first sliders are slidably mounted in the first sliding groove. The two first sliders are threadedly connected to the first bidirectional threaded rod. A first clamping plate is provided on one side of each of the two first sliders. An insertion structure for inserting into the rod is provided on the two first clamping plates. A rotary motor is provided on the first mounting plate. The drive end of the rotary motor movably passes through the first mounting plate and is connected to the first bidirectional threaded rod.

[0009] Furthermore, the plug-in structure includes a first clamping groove formed on one side of the two first clamping plates, wherein a first plug rod is provided in one of the first clamping grooves, and a first slot adapted to the first plug rod is formed on one side of the rod.

[0010] Furthermore, the connection structure includes an external thread disposed on the outer periphery of the rod body, and the second support block is helically connected to the external thread on the outer periphery of the rod body.

[0011] Furthermore, the sleeve, the first support block, and the second support block are all circular, the outer diameter of the sleeve is smaller than the outer diameter of the first support block and the second support block, and the outer diameter of the cutting edge is larger than the outer diameter of the first support block and the second support block.

[0012] Furthermore, the axis of the rod is collinear with the center of the opening.

[0013] Furthermore, a water tank is provided on one side of each support, and a water pump is provided on one side of each water tank. A connecting pipe is provided at the output end of the water pump, and one end of the connecting pipe extends movably through the inner circumference area of ​​the semi-circular first mounting plate.

[0014] Furthermore, a drain outlet is provided within the groove.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the broaching machine for gears of this utility model has the following advantages: With the base and support, the gear workpiece can be fixed during processing by the workpiece clamping structure. The first horizontal moving device in the groove can drive the first bracket, the first clamping structure and the rod to move flexibly. In the cutting structure above the rod, the sleeve and the cutting edge on the outer periphery of the rod can cut the gear. The first support block and the second support block provide good support and positioning for the sleeve. The second support block is installed through a detachable connection structure. When it is necessary to replace the sleeve with a different specification to meet the different gear processing requirements, the second support block can be easily replaced by disassembling it, which improves the convenience of equipment operation. The pull rod structure on one side of the support can effectively pull the rod to complete the broaching process of the gear in conjunction with the cutting structure. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 This is an overall schematic diagram of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the opening of this utility model; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the first clamping plate of this utility model; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the rod body of this utility model; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the rod and sleeve of this utility model; The markings in the diagram are as follows: 1. Base; 2. Support; 3. Placement slot; 4. Groove; 5. First horizontal moving device; 6. First bracket; 7. Rod; 8. Sleeve; 9. Cutting edge; 10. First support block; 11. Second support block; 12. First mounting plate; 13. Lifting drive device; 14. Second mounting plate; 15. Second horizontal moving device; 16. Second bracket; 17. Opening; 18. First mounting plate; 19. First slide groove; 20. First bidirectional threaded rod; 21. First slider; 22. First clamping plate; 23. Rotary motor; 24. First clamping groove; 25. First insertion rod; 26. First slot; 27. External thread; 28. Water tank; 29. ​​Water pump; 30. Connecting pipe; 31. Drain outlet; 32. Support base. Detailed Implementation

[0017] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of this application. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this application are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0018] It should be noted that all directional and positional terms used in this utility model, such as "up," "down," "left," "right," "front," "back," "vertical," "horizontal," "inner," "outer," "top," "lower," "lateral," "longitudinal," and "center," are only used to explain the relative positional relationships and connection arrangements between components in a specific state (as shown in the accompanying drawings). They are merely for the convenience of describing this utility model and do not require that this utility model be constructed and operated in a specific orientation; therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this utility model. Furthermore, descriptions involving "first," "second," etc., in this utility model are for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying their relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated.

[0019] In the description of this utility model, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "joining" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this utility model based on the specific circumstances.

[0020] In the description of this specification, the references to terms such as "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "illustrative embodiment," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., indicate that a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples.

[0021] Reference Figures 1-5 A broaching machine for gears includes: a base 1, a support 2 provided on the base 1, a placement groove 3 provided on the support 2, and a workpiece clamping structure provided in the placement groove 3; The base 1 is also provided with a groove 4, and a support seat 32 is provided in the groove 4. A first horizontal moving device 5 is provided on the support seat 32. A first bracket 6 is provided at the driving end of the first horizontal moving device 5. A first clamping structure is provided on the first bracket 6. A rod 7 is clamped on the first clamping structure. A cutting structure is provided on the outer periphery of the rod 7. The cutting structure includes a sleeve 8 fitted around the outer periphery of the rod 7. The outer periphery of the sleeve 8 is provided with a plurality of cutting edges 9. A first support block 10 is provided on one side of the rod 7, and a second support block 11 is provided on the other side of the rod 7. The second support block 11 is detachably installed on the outer periphery of the rod 7 through a connecting structure. The sleeve 8 is located between the first support block 10 and the second support block 11. The sleeve 8 can be replaced by removing the second support block 11. A tie rod structure is provided on one side of the support 2 for pulling the rod 7.

[0022] The first horizontal moving device 5 includes a guide rail mounted on the support 2, a hydraulic cylinder mounted on one side of the base 1, a slider slidably mounted on the guide rail, a first bracket 6 mounted on the top of the slider, and the driving end of the hydraulic cylinder movably passing through the base 1 and connected to the slider. The hydraulic cylinder can push the slider to move along the guide rail.

[0023] When in use, this device, through the base 1 and support 2, can fix the gear workpiece through the workpiece clamping structure during processing. The first horizontal moving device 5 in the groove 4 can drive the first bracket 6, the first clamping structure and the rod 7 to move flexibly. In the cutting structure above the rod 7, the sleeve 8 and the cutting edge 9 on the outer periphery of the rod 7 can perform cutting processing on the gear. The first support block 10 and the second support block 11 provide good support and positioning for the sleeve 8. The second support block 11 is installed through a detachable connection structure. When it is necessary to replace the sleeve 8 of different specifications to adapt to different gear processing requirements, the second support block 11 can be easily replaced by disassembling it, which improves the convenience of equipment operation. The pull rod structure on one side of the support 2 can effectively pull the rod 7 to complete the broaching processing of the gear in conjunction with the cutting structure.

[0024] In the example of this application, the workpiece clamping structure includes a first mounting plate 12 disposed in the placement groove 3, a lifting drive device 13 disposed above the support 2, the drive end of the lifting drive device 13 extending movably through the support 2 into the placement groove 3, and a second mounting plate 14 disposed at the drive end of the lifting drive device 13.

[0025] As a preferred example of this utility model, the first mounting plate 12 placed in the slot 3 and the second mounting plate 14 driven by the lifting drive device 13 form an upper and lower clamping structure. The lifting drive device 13 can control the lifting range of the second mounting plate 14, thereby adjusting the clamping force according to the gear workpiece of different thicknesses, ensuring that the workpiece remains stable during the processing, avoiding processing deviations due to loose clamping, and adapting to the processing requirements of gears of different specifications, thus enhancing the flexibility and applicability of the equipment.

[0026] In the example of this application, the pull rod structure includes a second horizontal moving device 15 disposed on the base 1, a second bracket 16 disposed on the second horizontal moving device 15, an opening 17 being provided on the inner wall of the placement groove 3, the opening 17 extending from the placement groove 3 to one side of the support 2, and a second clamping structure being provided on the second bracket 16 for clamping the rod 7 extending from the opening 17.

[0027] The second water moving device is an electric slide rail, which is existing technology and will not be described in detail here.

[0028] As a preferred example of this utility model, the second horizontal moving device 15 on the base 1 drives the second support 16 to move, and then pulls the rod 7 through the second clamping structure. The setting of the opening 17 on the inner wall of the placement groove 3 provides a reasonable channel for the movement of the rod 7, ensuring that the rod 7 can smoothly pass through the opening 17 and be clamped by the second clamping structure. The horizontal movement control that the second horizontal moving device 15 can achieve enables the rod 7 to maintain a stable moving speed when it drives the cutting structure to broach the workpiece, thus ensuring the surface quality of the gear machining.

[0029] In the example of this application, the first clamping structure and the second clamping structure have the same structure. Both the first clamping structure and the second clamping structure include a first mounting plate 18 disposed on the corresponding first bracket 6 or second bracket 16. A first sliding groove 19 is provided on one side of the first mounting plate 18. A first bidirectional threaded rod 20 is rotatably disposed in the first sliding groove 19. Two first sliders 21 are slidably disposed in the first sliding groove 19. The two first sliders 21 are threadedly connected to the first bidirectional threaded rod 20 respectively. A first clamping plate 22 is provided on one side of each of the two first sliders 21. An insertion structure for inserting into the rod body 7 is provided on the two first clamping plates 22. A rotary motor 23 is provided on the first mounting plate 18. The drive end of the rotary motor 23 movably passes through the first mounting plate 18 and is connected to the first bidirectional threaded rod 20.

[0030] As a preferred example of this utility model, the first bidirectional threaded rod 20 on the first mounting plate 18 rotates under the drive of the rotary motor 23, causing the two first sliders 21 to slide within the first slide groove 19, thereby enabling the two first clamping plates 22 to clamp or release the rod 7. This bidirectional threaded rod driven clamping method ensures that the two first clamping plates 22 move synchronously, so that the clamping force is evenly distributed on the rod 7, avoiding deformation or displacement of the rod 7 due to uneven clamping force, and ensuring the stability of the rod 7 during processing. The drive method of the rotary motor 23 realizes the automation of the clamping action. Compared with manual clamping, it not only improves the clamping efficiency, but also controls the clamping force to adapt to the clamping requirements of rods 7 with different diameters. The two clamping structures are the same, which facilitates the manufacturing, installation and maintenance of the equipment, and reduces production costs and maintenance difficulty.

[0031] In the example of this application, the plug-in structure includes a first clamping groove 24 formed on one side of the two first clamping plates 22, wherein a first plug rod 25 is provided in one of the first clamping grooves 24, and a first slot 26 adapted to the first plug rod 25 is formed on one side of the rod body 7.

[0032] As a preferred example of this utility model, the first insert rod 25 in the first clamping groove 24 cooperates with the first slot 26 on the rod body 7. When the two first clamping plates 22 clamp the rod body 7, the first insert rod 25 is inserted into the first slot 26, forming a mechanical positioning. This positioning method can effectively prevent the rod body 7 from rotating circumferentially or moving axially during the processing, ensuring that the relative position between the rod body 7 and the clamping structure is fixed, thereby ensuring the stability and accuracy of the cutting structure during the broaching process and avoiding processing errors caused by the movement of the rod body 7.

[0033] In the example of this application, the connection structure includes an external thread 27 disposed on the outer periphery of the rod 7, and the second support block 11 is helically connected to the external thread 27 on the outer periphery of the rod 7.

[0034] As a preferred example of this utility model, the external thread 27 on the outer periphery of the rod 7 is helically connected to the second support block 11. This connection method has a simple structure and is convenient and quick to install and disassemble. Operators only need to rotate the second support block 11 to assemble or separate it from the rod 7, which greatly shortens the time for replacing the sleeve 8 and improves the maintenance efficiency of the equipment.

[0035] In the example of this application, the sleeve 8, the first support block 10 and the second support block 11 are all circular. The outer diameter of the sleeve 8 is smaller than the outer diameter of the first support block 10 and the second support block 11, and the outer diameter of the cutting edge 9 is larger than the outer diameter of the first support block 10 and the second support block 11.

[0036] As a preferred example of this utility model, the circular structural design ensures that the components are subjected to uniform force during installation and use, reducing stress concentration and extending the service life of the components. The outer diameter of the sleeve 8 is smaller than that of the first support block 10 and the second support block 11, which allows the first support block 10 and the second support block 11 to better position and support the sleeve 8, preventing the sleeve 8 from shaking or shifting during processing. The outer diameter of the cutting edge 9 is larger than that of the first support block 10 and the second support block 11, ensuring that the cutting edge 9 can fully contact the workpiece and perform cutting operations during broaching, while avoiding interference between the first support block 10 and the second support block 11 and the workpiece, ensuring the smooth progress of the processing, and improving processing quality and efficiency.

[0037] In the example of this application, the axis of the rod 7 is collinear with the center of the opening 17.

[0038] As a preferred example of this utility model, the collinear design ensures that the rod 7 can maintain a straight line when passing through the opening 17, avoiding friction or obstruction of the rod 7 during movement due to the deviation between the rod 7 and the opening 17, reducing the wear of the rod 7, extending the service life of the rod 7, and enabling the cutting structure to broach the workpiece in a stable posture, ensuring the accuracy of the cutting trajectory, thereby reducing machining errors and improving the product qualification rate.

[0039] In the example of this application, a water tank 28 is provided on one side of the support 2, and a water pump 29 is provided on one side of the water tank 28. A connecting pipe 30 is provided at the output end of the water pump 29, and one end of the connecting pipe 30 extends movably through the inner circumferential area of ​​the semi-circular first mounting plate 12.

[0040] As a preferred example of this utility model, during gear broaching, a large amount of heat is generated between the cutting edge 9 and the workpiece, and metal chips are also produced. The water pump 29 delivers the coolant in the water tank 28 to the inner circumferential area of ​​the first mounting plate 12, i.e. the processing area, through the connecting pipe 30. The coolant can promptly remove the heat generated during the processing, reduce the cutting temperature, reduce the wear of the cutting edge 9, and extend the service life of the cutting edge 9. At the same time, it can also prevent the workpiece from deforming due to high temperature. The coolant can also flush away the metal chips in the processing area, remove the chips, keep the processing area clean, avoid the chips from interfering with the processing process, and ensure the smooth progress of the processing.

[0041] In the example of this application, a drain outlet 31 is provided in the groove 4, and the other end of the drain outlet 31 is connected to an external waste liquid collection device through an external pipeline, which will not be described in detail here.

[0042] As a preferred example of this utility model, during the processing, the coolant used for cooling and cleaning carries metal debris into the groove 4. The drain outlet 31 can promptly discharge the coolant from the groove 4 out of the equipment, preventing the coolant from accumulating in the groove 4 and ensuring the normal working environment of the equipment.

[0043] The embodiments of this application have been described above with reference to the accompanying drawings. Unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features in the embodiments of this application can be combined with each other. This application is not limited to the specific embodiments described above. The specific embodiments described above are merely illustrative and not restrictive. Those skilled in the art can make many other forms under the guidance of this application without departing from the spirit and scope of the claims, and all of these forms are within the protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. A broaching machine for gears, characterized in that, include: A base (1) is provided with a support (2), and the support (2) is provided with a placement groove (3), and a workpiece clamping structure is provided in the placement groove (3). The base (1) is also provided with a groove (4), a support seat (32) is provided in the groove (4), a first horizontal moving device (5) is provided on the support seat (32), a first bracket (6) is provided at the driving end of the first horizontal moving device (5), a first clamping structure is provided on the first bracket (6), a rod body (7) is clamped on the first clamping structure, and a cutting structure is provided on the outer periphery of the rod body (7); The cutting structure includes a sleeve (8) fitted around the outer periphery of the rod (7). The outer periphery of the sleeve (8) is provided with a plurality of cutting edges (9). A first support block (10) is provided on one side of the rod (7), and a second support block (11) is provided on the other side of the rod (7). The second support block (11) is detachably installed on the outer periphery of the rod (7) through a connecting structure. The sleeve (8) is located between the first support block (10) and the second support block (11). The sleeve (8) can be replaced by removing the second support block (11). A tie rod structure is provided on one side of the support (2) for pulling the rod (7).

2. A broaching machine for gears according to claim 1, characterized in that, The workpiece clamping structure includes a first mounting plate (12) disposed in the placement slot (3), a lifting drive device (13) disposed above the support (2), the drive end of the lifting drive device (13) extends through the support (2) into the placement slot (3), and the drive end of the lifting drive device (13) is provided with a second mounting plate (14).

3. A broaching machine for gears according to claim 1, characterized in that, The pull rod structure includes a second horizontal moving device (15) set on the base (1), a second bracket (16) set on the second horizontal moving device (15), an opening (17) is provided on the inner wall of the placement groove (3), the opening (17) extends from the placement groove (3) to one side of the support (2), and a second clamping structure is provided on the second bracket (16) for clamping the rod (7) extending from the opening (17).

4. A broaching machine for gears according to claim 3, characterized in that, The first clamping structure is the same as the second clamping structure. Both the first clamping structure and the second clamping structure include a first mounting plate (18) provided on the corresponding first bracket (6) or second bracket (16). A first sliding groove (19) is provided on one side of the first mounting plate (18). A first bidirectional threaded rod (20) is rotatably provided in the first sliding groove (19). Two first sliders (21) are slidably provided in the first sliding groove (19). The two first sliders (21) are threadedly connected to the first bidirectional threaded rod (20) respectively. A first clamping plate (22) is provided on one side of each of the two first sliders (21). An insertion structure for inserting into the rod is provided on the two first clamping plates (22). A rotary motor (23) is provided on the first mounting plate (18). The driving end of the rotary motor (23) movably passes through the first mounting plate (18) and is connected to the first bidirectional threaded rod (20).

5. A broaching machine for gears according to claim 4, characterized in that, The plug-in structure includes a first clamping groove (24) opened on one side of the two first clamping plates (22), one of the first clamping grooves (24) is provided with a first plug rod (25), and a first slot (26) adapted to the first plug rod (25) is opened on one side of the rod body (7).

6. A broaching machine for gears according to claim 1, characterized in that, The connection structure includes an external thread (27) on the outer periphery of the rod (7), and the second support block (11) is helically connected to the external thread (27) on the outer periphery of the rod (7).

7. A broaching machine for gears according to claim 1, characterized in that, The sleeve (8), the first support block (10), and the second support block (11) are all circular. The outer diameter of the sleeve (8) is smaller than the outer diameter of the first support block (10) and the second support block (11), and the outer diameter of the cutting edge (9) is larger than the outer diameter of the first support block (10) and the second support block (11).

8. A broaching machine for gears according to claim 1, characterized in that, The axis of the rod (7) is collinear with the center of the opening (17).

9. A broaching machine for gears according to claim 1, characterized in that, A water tank (28) is provided on one side of each support (2), and a water pump (29) is provided on one side of each water tank (28). A connecting pipe (30) is provided at the output end of the water pump (29), and one end of the connecting pipe (30) extends movably through the inner circumference of the semi-circular first mounting plate (12).

10. A broaching machine for gears according to claim 1, characterized in that, A drain outlet (31) is provided in the groove (4).

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