Gear machining tooling

Abstract

The utility model belongs to tool fixture technical field especially relates to a gear processing frock, including base, be equipped with the taper hole on the base, still include: core rod, lower extreme is arranged in the taper hole of base, and the lower extreme of core rod is the taper structure that adapts with taper hole, the support part that is equipped with on the core rod upper end surface position of base, gland, cover set up in support part outside and with base detachable connection, cover set up in core rod and with base detachable connection, and support lid is equipped with the accommodating cavity for accommodating gland in, and the lower end surface of support lid and the upper end surface of base abut. The plurality of axial through thread holes that core rod support part sets up, need not to dismantle base to realize core rod quick separation. Through the bolt that screws into the thread hole, utilize the pushing force of bolt axial feed abutment base end face, make bolt reverse force core rod from with base taper hole closely adhere to the state steady push out, avoid the drawback that traditional taper cooperation structure relies on knocking, hydraulic device and so on complex dismounting mode.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of tooling and fixture technology, and in particular to a gear machining tooling. Background Technology

[0002] As a core component of mechanical transmission systems, gears' machining accuracy directly affects the overall machine's transmission efficiency, operational stability, and service life. Tooling fixtures, as crucial equipment for positioning and clamping during gear machining, play a decisive role in the quality of gear processing. In gear turning, grinding, and milling processes, tooling fixtures must achieve precise positioning and stable clamping of gears, while also meeting the compatibility requirements of gears of different specifications and the need for ease of operation during the machining process.

[0003] Existing tooling typically includes a base and a mandrel. The base has a tapered hole that matches the lower end of the mandrel. A nut is fitted onto the lower end of the mandrel, axially abutting against the bottom of the tapered hole, thus tightening the mandrel to the base. However, this traditional tooling has several drawbacks: disassembling the mandrel from the base is difficult; when changing to a different mandrel size, the base must first be completely removed from the machining equipment, and then forcibly separated using methods such as hammering or hydraulic ejection. Furthermore, the base needs to be reinstalled and recalibrated after disassembly, which not only depends on the operator's skill and is prone to affecting machining quality due to reference deviations, but also accelerates wear on the equipment and base, leading to decreased fixture positioning accuracy and making it difficult to meet the changeover requirements for mass production of multi-specification gears. Utility Model Content

[0004] The purpose of this utility model is to address the aforementioned technical problems by providing a gear processing fixture that achieves stability and convenient assembly / disassembly.

[0005] In view of this, the present invention provides a gear machining fixture, including a base, a tapered hole on the base, and further comprising: The lower end of the core rod passes through the conical hole of the base, and the lower end of the core rod is a conical structure that matches the conical hole. A support part is provided on the core rod at the upper end face of the base. A pressure cap is fitted over the support and detachably connected to the base. The pressure cap is used for axial clamping between the support and the upper surface of the base. A support cover is fitted onto the mandrel and detachably connected to the base. The support cover has a cavity for accommodating the pressure cap, and the lower end face of the support cover abuts against the upper end face of the base.

[0006] In the above technical solution, a gap is further provided between the support and the upper surface of the base.

[0007] In the above technical solution, the cover and the base are further connected by a first bolt.

[0008] In the above technical solution, the support cover and the base are further connected by a second bolt.

[0009] In the above technical solution, the support part is further provided with multiple axially penetrating threaded holes.

[0010] In the above technical solution, the support part is a ring structure, and the support part and the mandrel are integrally formed.

[0011] Furthermore, in the above technical solution, a screw is provided on the upper part of the mandrel.

[0012] In the above technical solution, the base is cylindrical, and multiple mounting grooves are distributed on the outer periphery of the base.

[0013] The beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows: 1. The support cover is connected to the base via a second bolt, with its lower end face precisely abutting against the upper end face of the base. This ensures the parallelism between the support cover and the base, preventing tilting or offset of the support cover. This parallelism guarantee allows the support cover to form a stable support structure, indirectly ensuring the coaxiality consistency between the mandrel, support cover, and base. The parallel arrangement of the support cover effectively disperses cutting forces and vibrations during gear machining, preventing uneven stress caused by the tilting of the support cover, reducing radial runout and axial movement of the mandrel and gear, and thus reducing the vibration amplitude during machining. This design significantly reduces machining defects such as vibration marks and ripples on the gear tooth surface caused by vibration, improves tooth surface roughness and machining accuracy, enhances the overall structural stability of the fixture, and extends the service life of the equipment.

[0014] 2. The pressure cap is fitted outside the support and detachably connected to the base, combining convenient assembly and disassembly with reliable clamping, and effectively ensuring the coaxiality and tightness of the mandrel and gear. During installation, simply align the mounting holes and tighten the bolts to complete the fixation. Replacement does not require disassembling the base; simply loosen the bolts for quick removal. It is adaptable to different mandrel specifications or maintenance needs. The pressure cap, tightened by bolts, generates a uniform axial clamping force, firmly pressing the support against the upper surface of the base, ensuring a tight fit between the mandrel's tapered structure and the base's tapered hole, eliminating assembly gaps and preventing axial movement or circumferential rotation of the gear due to cutting forces and vibrations during gear machining.

[0015] 3. The mandrel support features multiple axially threaded holes, allowing for quick mandrel separation without disassembling the base. When replacing mandrels of different specifications, there is no need to disassemble or move the base. Simply screw bolts into the threaded holes, and the axial thrust of the bolts against the base end face will cause the bolts to exert a reverse force, smoothly pushing the mandrel out of its tight fit with the tapered hole in the base. This avoids the drawbacks of traditional tapered mating structures that rely on complex disassembly methods such as hammering or hydraulic devices. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of this utility model; Figure 2 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the present invention after the support cover has been removed; Figure 3 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the present invention after removing the support cover and the pressure cover; Figure 4 This is an overall sectional view of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the tooling of this utility model placed on a rotary worktable; The markings in the diagram are: mandrel 1, pressure cap 2, support cap 3, base 4, mounting groove 41, support part 11, screw 12, first bolt 5, and second bolt 6. Detailed Implementation

[0017] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of this application. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this application are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0018] This gear machining fixture is suitable for high-precision machining scenarios such as gear turning, grinding, and milling, and is especially suitable for batch production of multi-specification gears. It can be quickly fixed to various gear machining equipment via the mounting slots on the outer periphery of the base, allowing for rapid installation and replacement of the mandrel without disassembling the base. This effectively adapts to gear machining scenarios with high requirements for machining accuracy, ease of operation, and equipment wear control. As shown in the figure, it is typically mounted on the rotary table of a machine tool.

[0019] Example 1: This embodiment provides a gear machining fixture, including a base 4, on which a tapered hole is provided, and further comprising: The lower end of the core rod 1 is inserted into the conical hole of the base 4, and the lower end of the core rod 1 is a conical structure that is adapted to the conical hole. A support part 11 is provided on the core rod 1 at the upper end face of the base 4. The pressure cap 2 is sleeved on the outside of the support part 11 and detachably connected to the base 4. The pressure cap 2 is used for axial pressing between the support part 11 and the upper end face of the base 4. The support cover 3 is sleeved on the core rod 1 and detachably connected to the base 4. The support cover 3 has a receiving cavity for accommodating the pressure cover 2. The lower end face of the support cover 3 abuts against the upper end face of the base 4.

[0020] In this embodiment, the base 4 has a smooth conical hole penetrating the upper and lower end faces in the middle. The mandrel 1, through the matching fit between its lower conical structure and the conical hole in the base 4, can quickly achieve radial positioning and initial fixation. Combined with the axial clamping of the support part 11 by the pressure cap 2, the pressure cap 2 achieves stable fixation of the mandrel 1 by axially clamping the support part 11. Furthermore, this clamping structure can be quickly released from the constraint on the mandrel 1 using detachable structures such as bolts. With the conical fit design between the mandrel 1 and the base 4, the mandrel 1 can be removed or installed by grasping the upper part of the mandrel without disassembling the base 4, significantly improving the efficiency of mandrel 1 installation, disassembly, and specification replacement. The support cover 3 is also connected to the base 4 via detachable methods such as bolts. During tightening, it ensures that its lower end face precisely fits the upper end face of the base 4, ensuring the parallelism of the support cover 3 and the base 4 during installation; ensuring the mandrel 1... The coaxiality of the support cover 3 and the base 4 is consistent, and the force is directly transmitted between the support cover 3 and the base 4, providing a precise positioning reference for gear processing, reducing processing errors, and improving the stability of gear processing quality.

[0021] Example 2: This embodiment provides a gear machining fixture, which, in addition to the technical solutions of the above embodiments, also has the following technical features: a gap is provided between the support part 11 and the upper end face of the base 4.

[0022] In this embodiment, the gap between the support 11 and the upper surface of the base 4 can avoid assembly interference caused by direct contact between the two, ensure that the pressure cap 2 can smoothly apply axial clamping force, and make the tapered structure at the lower end of the mandrel 1 fit tightly with the tapered hole of the base 4, thereby further improving the positioning accuracy. At the same time, it reduces the wear between components during the assembly process and extends the service life of the tooling.

[0023] Example 3: This embodiment provides a gear processing fixture, which, in addition to the technical solution of the above embodiment, also has the following technical features: the pressure cover 2 and the base 4 are connected by a first bolt 5.

[0024] In this embodiment, the pressure cap 2 has an annular structure with an annular groove at its lower end, which is fitted onto the outside of the support part 11. The lower end face of the annular groove abuts against the support part 11 axially. The pressure cap 2 axially presses against the support part 11, and with the conical fit design of the mandrel 1 and the base 4, it achieves a stable fixation of the mandrel 1. During disassembly, the mandrel 1 can be removed or installed without disassembling the base 4, significantly improving the efficiency of mandrel 1 installation, disassembly, and specification change. At the same time, it improves the reliability of the pressing, accurately ensures the coaxiality and assembly tightness of the mandrel 1, and constrains the radial displacement of the mandrel 1 through the threaded locking force of the first bolt 5, ensuring the coaxiality accuracy of the mandrel 1 with the pressure cap 2 and the base 4, avoiding gear positioning eccentricity problems caused by assembly deviations. Ultimately, it provides a stable and accurate clamping reference for gear processing, reduces processing defects such as tooth pitch error and tooth surface runout, and improves the consistency and reliability of gear processing quality.

[0025] Example 4: This embodiment provides a gear processing fixture, which, in addition to the technical solution of the above embodiment, also has the following technical features: the support cover 3 and the base 4 are connected by a second bolt 6.

[0026] In this embodiment, the support cover 3 is an annular structure, sleeved on the outside of the mandrel 1 and located above the pressure cover 2. Its lower end face is in close contact with the upper end face of the base 4. An inner cavity is provided to accommodate the pressure cover 2. The outer periphery is detachably connected to the base 4 via second bolts 6. The second bolts 6 are evenly distributed circumferentially, with their lower ends passing through bolt holes in the support cover 3 and threaded into threaded holes on the upper end face of the base 4. Fixing is completed simply by precisely aligning the mounting holes of the support cover 3 and the base 4, inserting the second bolts 6, and tightening them. This requires minimal operator skill and significantly improves assembly efficiency. Simultaneously, the detachable nature of the bolts facilitates subsequent maintenance, repair, or component replacement. This avoids processing errors or component damage caused by loose connections, indirectly improving gear processing quality and the service life of the fixture.

[0027] Example 5: This embodiment provides a gear machining fixture, which, in addition to the technical solutions of the above embodiments, also has the following technical features: the support part 11 is provided with a plurality of axially penetrating threaded holes.

[0028] In this embodiment, the support portion 11 has multiple axially penetrating threaded holes evenly distributed along its circumference. This provides an efficient ejection structure for the quick disassembly and replacement of the mandrel 1, allowing for convenient separation of the mandrel 1 without disassembling the base 4. Since the mandrel and the base are tapered, they may become jammed. Therefore, when it is necessary to replace the mandrel 1 with a different specification, bolts or screws can be screwed into the threaded holes. The axial thrust of the bolts or screws directly abuts against the end face of the base 4, and the reverse force smoothly ejects the mandrel 1 from its tight fit with the base 4, facilitating disassembly.

[0029] Example 6: This embodiment provides a gear processing fixture, which, in addition to the technical solutions of the above embodiments, also has the following technical features: the support part 11 is a ring structure, and the support part 11 and the mandrel 1 are integrally formed.

[0030] In this embodiment, the support part 11 is a ring structure, integrally formed with the mandrel 1. On the one hand, the ring structure can form a precise fit with the pressure cap 2, ensuring that the pressure cap 2 and the support part 11 are coaxial after installation; on the other hand, the integral design makes the support part 11 and the mandrel 1 form a complete rigid connection structure. Compared with the separate assembly, it effectively eliminates the connection gap, significantly enhances the connection strength and structural stability of the two, and prevents deformation or loosening at the connection between the support part 11 and the mandrel 1. This not only ensures the overall positioning accuracy and stability of the fixture, but also extends the service life of the fixture.

[0031] Example 7: This embodiment provides a gear machining fixture, which, in addition to the technical solutions of the above embodiments, also has the following technical features: a screw 12 is provided on the upper part of the mandrel 1.

[0032] In this embodiment, the upper part of the mandrel 1 is provided with a screw 12 structure, located above the support part 11, for installing an external pressure sleeve to axially press the gear workpiece, thereby fixing it and preventing the gear from axially moving during processing, thus improving clamping stability.

[0033] Example 8: This embodiment provides a gear machining fixture, which, in addition to the technical solutions of the above embodiments, also has the following technical features: the base 4 is cylindrical, and multiple mounting grooves 41 are distributed on the outer periphery of the base 4.

[0034] In this embodiment, the base 4 has a cylindrical structure, with multiple mounting slots 41 evenly distributed along its outer circumference. The mounting slots 41 are used for positioning and assembling tooling and processing equipment, facilitating quick fixing and disassembly of tooling. This simplifies the assembly process of tooling and processing equipment, saves loading and unloading time, and improves processing efficiency.

[0035] The embodiments of this application have been described above with reference to the accompanying drawings. Unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features described in this application can be combined with each other. This application is not limited to the specific embodiments described above; the specific embodiments described above are merely illustrative and not restrictive. Those skilled in the art, under the guidance of this application, can make many other modifications without departing from the spirit and scope of the claims, all of which fall within the protection scope of this application. The technical solutions in the embodiments of this application will be clearly described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of this application, not all of them. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this application fall within the protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. A gear machining fixture, comprising a base (4), wherein the base (4) has a tapered hole, characterized in that, Also includes: The lower end of the core rod (1) is inserted into the conical hole of the base (4), and the lower end of the core rod (1) is a conical structure that is adapted to the conical hole. A support part (11) is provided on the core rod (1) at the upper end face of the base (4). The pressure cap (2) is sleeved on the outside of the support part (11) and detachably connected to the base (4). The pressure cap (2) is used for axial pressing between the support part (11) and the upper end face of the base (4). The support cover (3) is sleeved on the core rod (1) and detachably connected to the base (4). The support cover (3) has a cavity for accommodating the pressure cap (2). The lower end face of the support cover (3) abuts against the upper end face of the base (4).

2. The gear machining fixture according to claim 1, characterized in that, The support part (11) and the upper surface of the base (4) are provided with a gap.

3. A gear machining fixture according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The pressure cap (2) and the base (4) are connected by a first bolt (5).

4. The gear machining fixture according to claim 1, characterized in that, The support cover (3) and the base (4) are connected by a second bolt (6).

5. A gear machining fixture according to claim 1, characterized in that, The support part (11) is provided with multiple axially penetrating threaded holes.

6. The gear machining fixture according to claim 1, characterized in that, The support part (11) is a ring structure, and the support part (11) and the core rod (1) are integrally formed.

7. The gear machining fixture according to claim 1, characterized in that, The upper part of the core rod (1) is provided with a screw (12).

8. The gear machining fixture according to claim 1, characterized in that, The base (4) is cylindrical, and multiple mounting grooves (41) are distributed on the outer periphery of the base (4).

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