A jig structure for encoder head welding

Abstract

The utility model relates to encoder production auxiliary equipment technical field discloses a kind of for encoder magnetic head welding's fixture structure, including mutually matched positioning groove and cover pressing plate, both adopt aluminium alloy and be formed by CNC processing, the overall volume is 70mm after combination 32.6mm 19mm. Positioning groove is equipped with PCBA board frame support groove, full-wrapping type PCBA sub-plate clamping groove group and the like structure;Cover pressing plate is equipped with adaptive positioning column group, component avoidance area and sub-plate pressing area, and the embedding of both can make PCBA mainboard and sub-plate keep perpendicular and closely adhere. The jig positioning precision, aluminium alloy heat dissipation is good, with miniaturization and easy operability, can avoid welding deviation and device damage, effectively improve encoder welding quality and production efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of encoder production auxiliary equipment technology, specifically a fixture structure for welding encoder magnetic heads. Background Technology

[0002] In encoder manufacturing, the mounting position accuracy of sensing elements such as the magnetic head and photoelectric receiver directly determines the encoder's feedback position accuracy. These sensing elements are usually assembled on a small, compact PCBA (printed circuit board assembly), and the encoder main board and magnetic head sub-board are often designed with a vertical structure to achieve a compact layout.

[0003] However, the vertical structure presents numerous challenges for welding: thermal expansion, mechanical vibration, and differences in operator skill during the welding process can easily lead to welding position deviations. Once the deviation exceeds the design tolerance range, it will directly affect the installation accuracy of the sensing element, reduce encoder performance, and even cause product defects. At the same time, the miniaturization of encoder PCBAs places higher demands on welding fixtures—traditional welding fixtures have obvious defects: commonly used bakelite materials have poor slotting precision and cannot meet the requirements of high-precision positioning; general-purpose welding fixtures are large in size, making it difficult to adapt to the miniaturization of PCBAs and unable to protect SMD surface mount devices; their thermal management capabilities are weak, and heat from the welding area can easily be transferred to non-welding areas, causing poor soldering of components in non-welding areas, ultimately resulting in low production efficiency, high defect rates, increased production costs, and a negative impact on market competitiveness.

[0004] Existing welding fixtures can be classified according to their clamping method into manual clamping fixtures (low cost, simple maintenance) and pneumatic clamping fixtures (high cost, complex maintenance); according to their functional characteristics, they can be classified into general-purpose welding fixtures (suitable for various board sizes, but do not protect SMD surface mount devices), special-purpose welding fixtures (using perforated stone or fiberglass board to protect already mounted components), and welding fixtures with cover plates (fixing tall and light through-hole components to prevent welding from floating). However, none of these fixtures can simultaneously solve the problems of positioning accuracy, thermal management, and miniaturization adaptation in vertical structure welding. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the shortcomings of existing welding fixtures, such as poor positioning accuracy, large size, and inadequate thermal management, this invention provides a fixture structure for welding encoder magnetic heads, achieving high-precision positioning, optimized thermal management, miniaturized design, and convenient operation, ultimately improving encoder welding quality and production efficiency.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides the following technical solution: a fixture structure for welding encoder magnetic heads, comprising a positioning groove and a cover plate that cooperate with each other, wherein the positioning groove and the cover plate are both made of aluminum alloy and CNC machined. The positioning slot is provided with a PCBA board frame support slot, a cover plate positioning hole group, a loading and unloading slot group, a component avoidance slot group and a PCBA sub-board slot group; The PCBA board frame support groove includes PCBA board frame support structure one, PCBA board frame support structure two, PCBA board frame support structure three, PCBA board frame support structure four, PCBA board frame support structure five and PCBA board frame support structure six; The cover plate positioning hole group includes a through cover plate positioning hole one and a cover plate positioning hole two. The loading and unloading slotting group includes loading and unloading slot one and loading and unloading slot two, which are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the PCBA board frame support slot. The component avoidance slot group includes component avoidance slot one and component avoidance slot two; The PCBA sub-board slot group includes PCBA sub-board slot one and PCBA sub-board slot two; The cover plate is provided with a group of positioning posts that are adapted to fit the positioning hole group of the cover plate, a component avoidance area and a sub-plate pressing area; The positioning post group includes positioning post one and positioning post two; The component avoidance area is opened in the corresponding component avoidance slot group; The sub-board pressing area is opened in the corresponding PCBA sub-board slot group; After the positioning groove is fitted with the cover plate, the PCBA main board and the PCBA sub-board remain perpendicular and tightly fitted.

[0007] Preferably, the overall volume of the positioning groove and the cover plate combined is 70mm×32.6mm×19mm.

[0008] Preferably, the PCBA sub-board slot assembly is a fully enclosed structure used to restrict the displacement of the PCBA sub-board.

[0009] Preferably, the depth of the loading and unloading slot group is greater than the depth of the component avoidance slot group, which facilitates the loading and unloading operation of PCBA.

[0010] Preferably, the depth of the sub-board pressing area is less than the depth of the component avoidance area to avoid damage to the components on the PCBA during pressing.

[0011] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this utility model are: Significantly improved positioning accuracy: The fully enclosed PCBA sub-board slot can restrict the displacement of the sub-board in all directions. Combined with the high-precision positioning slot and cover plate structure machined by CNC, it can effectively avoid positional deviation during the soldering process, ensure the installation accuracy of sensing components such as magnetic heads and photoelectric receiver tubes, and meet the high-performance requirements of encoders.

[0012] Optimized thermal management capabilities: Aluminum alloy materials have a fast heat dissipation speed, which can quickly conduct the high temperature of the soldering area to the non-soldering area and dissipate it, avoiding the occurrence of cold solder joints in the non-soldering area due to high temperature, and ensuring the overall performance stability of the PCBA.

[0013] Miniaturization and ease of use are both achieved: the overall size of the fixture is only 70mm×32.6mm×19mm, which is suitable for the miniaturization of encoder PCBA. At the same time, the structure is simple and the operation steps are clear. No complicated training is required to get started. It can meet the needs of different operators and improve production efficiency.

[0014] High durability and low maintenance cost: Aluminum alloy materials have high temperature resistance and wear resistance, which can adapt to long-term welding production scenarios and extend the service life of fixtures; and the simple structure makes later maintenance and repair convenient, reducing the production and maintenance costs of enterprises. Attached Figure Description

[0015] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of this utility model; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the positioning groove in this utility model. Figure 1 ; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the positioning groove in this utility model. Figure 2 ; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the cover plate in this utility model.

[0016] In the diagram: 1. Positioning slot; 11. Loading / unloading slot one; 12. PCBA board frame support structure one; 13. PCBA board frame support structure two; 14. PCBA board frame support structure three; 15. PCBA board frame support structure four; 16. PCBA board frame support structure five; 17. PCBA board frame support structure six; 18. Loading / unloading slot two; 19. Cover plate positioning hole one; 110. Cover plate positioning hole two; 111. Component clearance slot one; 112. PCBA sub-board slot one; 113. PCBA sub-board slot two; 114. Component clearance slot two; 2. Cover plate; 21. Positioning post one; 22. Positioning post two; 23. Component clearance area; 24. Sub-board pressing area. Detailed Implementation

[0017] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0018] Please see Figure 1-4 This utility model provides the following technical solution: a fixture structure for welding encoder magnetic heads, wherein the positioning groove 1 and the cover plate 2 are both made of aluminum alloy and formed by CNC machining. Aluminum alloy material combines high-precision machining characteristics with rapid heat dissipation capabilities, and the CNC process ensures the machining accuracy of each structure of the fixture, meeting the high-precision positioning requirements for encoder welding.

[0019] The overall volume of the positioning groove 1 and the cover plate 2 is 70mm×32.6mm×19mm. The positioning groove 1 is 9.9mm thick and the cover plate 2 is 9mm thick. The structure is small and compact, which can accurately adapt to the miniaturization characteristics of encoder PCBA and facilitate flexible arrangement in operation and production scenarios.

[0020] Positioning slot 1 serves as the core for PCBA support and positioning, with clearly defined functions for each structure: PCBA board frame support structure: It is evenly distributed to provide stable support for the PCBA motherboard, ensuring that the motherboard remains horizontal during the soldering process and avoiding soldering displacement caused by unstable support.

[0021] Cover plate positioning hole: provides a precise positioning reference for the fit between the positioning groove and the cover plate. Its hole diameter is adapted to the positioning post diameter of the cover plate 2, ensuring that there is no looseness after the two are fitted together, and improving the overall positioning accuracy.

[0022] Loading and unloading slots: Designed with a relatively deep depth, they facilitate quick and smooth loading and unloading of PCBAs by operators, reducing operation time and improving production efficiency.

[0023] Component avoidance slots: Also adopting a relatively deep design, it can effectively avoid components on the PCBA, preventing interference and collision between components and positioning slot 1 structure during PCBA installation or soldering, thus protecting the components.

[0024] PCBA Sub-board Slot: Adopting a fully enclosed structure, it can restrict the displacement of the PCBA sub-board in all directions, ensuring the stability of the sub-board position during the soldering process and avoiding soldering accuracy problems caused by sub-board misalignment.

[0025] The cover plate 2 is used to achieve a tight fit between the PCBA main board and the sub-board. The design of each structure revolves around "precise pressing and protection of components": Positioning pin: It is precisely matched with the positioning hole of the cover plate of positioning groove 1. After fitting, it can ensure that the relative position of the cover plate 2 and the positioning groove 1 is fixed, and avoid the cover plate shifting during the pressing process, which would affect the welding accuracy.

[0026] Component avoidance area: Designed according to the distribution of components on the PCBA, it can avoid components when the cover plate 2 is pressed, preventing components from being damaged by pressure and ensuring PCBA performance.

[0027] Sub-board lamination area: The depth is smaller than the component avoidance area. During lamination, it can accurately act on the PCBA sub-board, ensuring that the sub-board and the main board maintain a perpendicular angle and fit tightly, thus providing a guarantee for high-quality soldering.

[0028] Specific usage steps: Step 1: PCBA Sub-board Installation. Insert the PCBA sub-board into the PCBA sub-board slot group of positioning slot 1 from top to bottom, ensuring that the soldering surface of the sub-board is aligned with the trapezoidal opening of positioning slot 1, in preparation for subsequent docking with the motherboard.

[0029] Step 2: PCBA Main Board Placement. Place the PCBA main board stably on the PCBA board frame support groove of positioning slot 1. At this time, the PCBA main board and the sub-board are perpendicular to each other, and the rectangular pads at the welding joints of the two are perpendicular to each other, which meets the welding requirements.

[0030] Step 3: Pressing the cover plate 2. Align the positioning pins of the cover plate 2 with the positioning holes of the positioning groove 1, and slowly press them down to ensure that the PCBA main board and the sub-board are tightly fitted together, while ensuring that the vertical angle and depth of the sub-board meet the design standards.

[0031] Step 4: Soldering. Perform soldering on the exposed solder joints of the trapezoidal opening on positioning slot 1 to ensure a firm connection between the main board and the sub-board. During the soldering process, pay attention to controlling the soldering temperature and time to avoid over-soldering and damaging the PCBA.

[0032] Step 5: Finished Product Removal. After soldering is completed, gently remove the cover plate 2 and remove the soldered PCBA from the positioning slot 1 to complete one soldering process.

[0033] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A fixture structure for welding encoder magnetic heads, characterized in that: It includes a positioning groove (1) and a cover plate (2) that cooperate with each other. Both the positioning groove (1) and the cover plate (2) are made of aluminum alloy and CNC machined. The positioning groove (1) is provided with a PCBA board frame support groove, a cover plate positioning hole group, a loading and unloading slot group, a component avoidance slot group and a PCBA sub-board slot group; The PCBA board frame support groove includes PCBA board frame support structure one (12), PCBA board frame support structure two (13), PCBA board frame support structure three (14), PCBA board frame support structure four (15), PCBA board frame support structure five (16) and PCBA board frame support structure six (17). The cover plate positioning hole group includes a through cover plate positioning hole one (19) and a cover plate positioning hole two (110). The loading and unloading slotting group includes loading and unloading slot one (11) and loading and unloading slot two (18), which are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the PCBA board frame support slot. The component clearance slot group includes component clearance slot one (111) and component clearance slot two (114). The PCBA sub-board slot group includes PCBA sub-board slot one (112) and PCBA sub-board slot two (113). The cover plate (2) is provided with a positioning post group that is adapted to fit the positioning hole group of the cover plate, a component avoidance area (23) and a sub-plate pressing area (24). The positioning post group includes positioning post one (21) and positioning post two (22). The component avoidance area (23) is opened in accordance with the component avoidance slot group; The sub-board pressing area (24) is opened in the corresponding PCBA sub-board slot group; After the positioning groove (1) is fitted with the cover plate (2), the PCBA main board and the PCBA sub-board remain perpendicular and tightly fitted.

2. The fixture structure for welding encoder magnetic heads according to claim 1, characterized in that: The overall volume of the positioning groove and the cover plate combined is 70mm×32.6mm×19mm.

3. The fixture structure for welding encoder magnetic heads according to claim 1, characterized in that: The PCBA sub-board slot assembly has a fully enclosed structure, which is used to restrict the displacement of the PCBA sub-board.

4. The fixture structure for welding encoder magnetic heads according to claim 1, characterized in that: The depth of the loading and unloading slot group is greater than the depth of the component avoidance slot group, which facilitates the loading and unloading operation of PCBA.

5. The fixture structure for welding encoder magnetic heads according to claim 1, characterized in that: The depth of the sub-board pressing area (24) is less than the depth of the component avoidance area (23) to avoid damaging the components on the PCBA during pressing.

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