A welding pneumatic press-fitting clamp for machining mechanical parts

Abstract

The utility model relates to mechanical part manufacturing technical field especially relates to a kind of welding pneumatic press-fit fixture for mechanical part machining, including support base, the top of support base is fixedly connected with top plate by support column, the center of top plate is provided with guide rod cylinder, the output end of guide rod cylinder extends to below and is connected with pneumatic pressure column, the bottom of pneumatic pressure column is fixedly connected with connecting column by connecting plate, the bottom of connecting column is fixedly connected with support plate.The utility model, by the structure of the upper clamping plate and the lower clamping plate that can be slidably adjusted, in combination with the cooperation of vertical guide rail and sliding slot, can flexibly adjust the clamping spacing according to the height or thickness of plate-shaped mechanical parts, realize the stable clamping of different specifications plate-shaped parts, improve the versatility of the fixture, avoid the problem of frequent replacement of fixture due to the change of part specifications, by the synergistic effect of abutment plate and multiple clamping plates, limit the part in fixed area, prevent the displacement of part during welding.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of mechanical parts manufacturing technology, and in particular to a welding pneumatic press fixture for machining mechanical parts. Background Technology

[0002] In the field of mechanical manufacturing, the welding of plate-shaped mechanical parts is widely used. During the welding process, special fixtures are required to accurately position and stably clamp the parts to avoid displacement or shaking of the parts, which would lead to welding deviations and ensure processing accuracy and product quality.

[0003] Currently, most existing fixtures for welding plate-shaped parts use unidirectional clamping or fixed-space clamping structures. Fixed-space clamping structures cannot accommodate plate-shaped parts of varying heights or thicknesses. When processing parts of different specifications, specialized fixtures must be replaced, increasing equipment investment costs, extending production line changeover time, and reducing production efficiency. Furthermore, for surface flatness errors on parts (such as localized protrusions, tilting, or unevenness in multiple areas), traditional press-fitting structures often use rigid pressure heads. This easily leads to concentrated force at a single point during press-fitting, failing to ensure uniform force distribution and potentially causing surface damage and affecting welding quality. In rigid press-fitting, the lack of an effective buffering mechanism means the cylinder driving force acts directly on the part, easily generating rigid impacts and further increasing the risk of part deformation. Utility Model Content

[0004] The purpose of this utility model is to address the shortcomings of existing technologies by proposing a welding pneumatic press fixture for machining mechanical parts.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: A welding pneumatic pressing fixture for machining mechanical parts includes a support base, a top plate fixedly connected to the top of the support base via a support column, a guide rod cylinder disposed at the center of the top plate, the output end of the guide rod cylinder extending through the top plate to the bottom and connected to a pneumatic pressing column, a connecting column fixedly connected to the bottom of the pneumatic pressing column via a connecting plate, a support plate fixedly connected to the bottom of the connecting column, and a spherical pressing head disposed below the support plate. Several elastic guide sleeves are evenly distributed circumferentially between the spherical pressure head and the support plate. A helical compression spring is installed inside the elastic guide sleeve. A hydraulic damper is coaxially installed at the center of the helical compression spring. The cylinder of the hydraulic damper is rigidly connected to the press plate. The telescopic end of the hydraulic damper extends upward and is connected and fixed to the support plate.

[0006] Preferably, the two ends of the spherical indenter are fixedly connected to support shafts, the ends of the support shafts are fixedly connected to ball heads, the two ends of the pressing plate are fixedly connected to fixing pins, and one side of the fixing pin is provided with a ball socket that matches the ball head. The ball head is embedded in the ball socket and forms a spherical hinge pair.

[0007] Preferably, a support base plate is fixedly connected to the support base and located below the spherical indenter, a support stack plate is fixedly connected to the top of the support base plate, a placement groove for placing plate-shaped mechanical parts is provided on the support stack plate, and an abutment plate is fixedly connected to one side of the support base plate.

[0008] Preferably, three sets of support blocks are fixedly connected to the support base. Supporting vertical plates are symmetrically fixedly connected to one side of each support block. A clamping cylinder is provided on the top of each support block. A movable plate is connected to the output end of the clamping cylinder. A lower clamping plate is fixedly connected to the side of the movable plate away from the clamping cylinder. An upper clamping plate is slidably connected above the lower clamping plate.

[0009] Preferably, the top of the lower clamping plate is provided with a receiving groove, the bottom of the upper clamping plate is placed in the receiving groove, and the side wall of the upper clamping plate is symmetrically fixedly connected with vertical guide rails, and the side wall of the receiving groove is provided with a sliding groove that matches the vertical guide rails.

[0010] Preferably, the support vertical plate has a circular through hole, and a support rod is installed in the circular through hole. The support rod passes through the circular through hole and is connected and fixed to one side of the lower clamping plate.

[0011] The beneficial effects of this utility model are: This invention utilizes a sliding and adjustable upper and lower clamping plate structure, combined with a vertical guide rail and a sliding groove, to flexibly adjust the clamping distance according to the height or thickness of plate-shaped mechanical parts. This achieves stable clamping of plate-shaped parts of different specifications, significantly improving the versatility of the fixture, avoiding the problem of frequent fixture replacements due to changes in part specifications, reducing equipment investment costs, shortening production line changeover time, and effectively improving production efficiency. Furthermore, through the synergistic effect of the abutment plate and multiple sets of clamping plates, the parts are confined within a fixed area, preventing displacement and shaking of the parts during welding and ensuring welding processing accuracy.

[0012] This invention employs a composite buffer structure combining a spherical indenter, a helical compression spring, and a hydraulic damper. The spherical indenter adapts to the flatness error of the part surface, avoiding concentrated force at a single point through spherical arc sliding and angle fine adjustment. The helical compression spring generates differentiated compression based on the part's thickness or flatness deviation, achieving uniform distribution of pressing force. The hydraulic damper converts the rigid force of the cylinder into flexible buffer force, controlling the pressing speed and preventing part deformation caused by rigid impact. The synergistic effect of these three components not only ensures the uniformity of pressing force across the part surface but also protects the part surface from damage, significantly improving welding quality. Attached Figure Description

[0013] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a welding pneumatic press fixture for machining mechanical parts proposed in this utility model; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the connection structure between the support plate and the pressing plate of a welding pneumatic pressing fixture for machining mechanical parts, as proposed in this utility model. Figure 3 This utility model proposes a welding pneumatic press fixture for machining mechanical parts. Figure 2 A magnified structural diagram of point A in the middle; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the connection structure between the support shaft and the fixing pin of a welding pneumatic press fixture for machining mechanical parts, as proposed in this utility model. Figure 5 This utility model presents a schematic diagram of the connection structure between the support block, the lower clamping plate, and the upper clamping plate of a welding pneumatic press fixture for machining mechanical parts.

[0014] In the picture: 1. Support base; 2. Support column; 3. Top plate; 4. Guide rod cylinder; 401. Pneumatic pressure column; 402. Connecting plate; 403. Connecting column; 404. Support plate; 405. Pressing plate; 5. Spherical pressure head; 501. Support shaft; 502. Ball head; 503. Fixing pin; 504. Ball socket; 6. Elastic guide sleeve; 601. Helical compression spring; 602. Hydraulic damper; 7. Support base plate; 701. Support stack plate; 702. Abutment plate; 8. Support block; 801. Support vertical plate; 802. Clamping cylinder; 803. Moving plate; 9. Lower clamping plate; 10. Upper clamping plate; 101. Vertical guide rail; 102. Support rod. Detailed Implementation

[0015] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present utility model. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments.

[0016] The contents not described in detail in this specification are existing technologies known to those skilled in the art.

[0017] All standard parts used in this utility model can be purchased from the market, and irregular parts can be customized according to the description and drawings. The specific connection methods of each part adopt conventional methods such as bolts, rivets, and welding that are mature in the prior art. The machinery, parts and equipment adopt conventional models in the prior art, and the circuit connection adopts conventional connection methods in the prior art, which will not be described in detail here.

[0018] Example: Reference Figures 1-5 A welding pneumatic pressing fixture for machining mechanical parts includes a support base 1. A top plate 3 is fixedly connected to the top of the support base 1 via a support column 2. A guide rod cylinder 4 is provided at the center of the top plate 3. The output end of the guide rod cylinder 4 extends through the top plate 3 to the bottom and is connected to a pneumatic pressing column 401. A connecting column 403 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the pneumatic pressing column 401 via a connecting plate 402. A support plate 404 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the connecting column 403. A spherical pressing head 5 is provided below the support plate 404. Several elastic guide sleeves 6 are evenly distributed circumferentially between the spherical pressure head 5 and the support plate 404. A helical compression spring 601 is installed inside the elastic guide sleeve 6. A hydraulic damper 602 is coaxially installed at the center of the helical compression spring 601. The cylinder of the hydraulic damper 602 is rigidly connected to the press plate 405. The telescopic end of the hydraulic damper 602 extends upward and is connected and fixed to the support plate 404.

[0019] The two ends of the spherical press head 5 are fixedly connected to the support shaft 501, and the end of the support shaft 501 is fixedly connected to the ball head 502. The two ends of the press plate 405 are fixedly connected to the fixing pin 503. A ball socket 504 matching the ball head 502 is opened on one side of the fixing pin 503. The ball head 502 is embedded in the ball socket 504 and forms a spherical hinge pair.

[0020] A support base plate 7 is fixedly connected to the support base 1 and below the spherical pressure head 5. A support stack plate 701 is fixedly connected to the top of the support base plate 7. The support stack plate 701 has a placement groove for placing plate-shaped mechanical parts. An abutment plate 702 is fixedly connected to one side of the support base plate 7.

[0021] Three sets of support blocks 8 are fixedly connected to the support base 1. Support vertical plates 801 are symmetrically fixedly connected to one side of the support block 8. A clamping cylinder 802 is provided on the top of the support block 8. A moving plate 803 is connected to the output end of the clamping cylinder 802. A lower clamping plate 9 is fixedly connected to the side of the moving plate 803 away from the clamping cylinder 802. An upper clamping plate 10 is slidably connected above the lower clamping plate 9.

[0022] The top of the lower clamping plate 9 is provided with a receiving groove, the bottom of the upper clamping plate 10 is placed in the receiving groove, and the side wall of the upper clamping plate 10 is symmetrically fixedly connected with a vertical guide rail 101. The side wall of the receiving groove is provided with a sliding groove that matches the vertical guide rail 101.

[0023] A circular through hole is provided on the support vertical plate 801, and a support rod 102 is provided in the circular through hole. The support rod 102 passes through the circular through hole and is connected and fixed to one side of the lower clamping plate 9.

[0024] In this embodiment, before welding plate-shaped mechanical parts, the plate-shaped mechanical parts are first stacked sequentially or placed as a whole in the placement groove of the support stack 701, with one side of the mechanical parts abutting against the side of the abutment plate 702. At this time, three sets of clamping cylinders 802 are activated sequentially. When the clamping cylinders 802 are running, they drive the moving plate 803, the lower clamping plate 9, and the upper clamping plate 10 to move towards the center simultaneously until the lower clamping plate 9 moves to fit against the bottom of the support stack 701. Then, the upper clamping plate slides according to the height or thickness of the mechanical parts. The clamping plate 10 allows the vertical guide rails 101 on both sides of the upper clamping plate 10 to slide along the grooves of the lower clamping plate 9. This allows the distance between the upper clamping plate 10 and the lower clamping plate 9 to be adjusted according to the thickness or height of the mechanical parts. The upper clamping plate 10 is then pressed against the upper surface of the mechanical parts, thereby clamping and fixing plate-shaped mechanical parts of different heights and specifications. This provides a stable clamping force, confining the mechanical parts between the abutment plate 702 and the three sets of clamping plates, preventing displacement and shaking of the parts during welding, and ensuring the accuracy of subsequent welding processes.

[0025] Specifically, after the periphery of the mechanical part is clamped and fixed, the guide rod cylinder 4 is activated. As the guide rod cylinder 4 operates, it sequentially moves the pneumatic pressure column 401, connecting plate 402, connecting column 403, and support plate 404 downwards. When the support plate 404 moves downwards, it moves the pressing plate 405 and the spherical pressure head 5 downwards. When the spherical pressure head 5 moves downwards until it contacts the surface of the mechanical part, if the surface of the mechanical part has a flatness error, such as local protrusions, the spherical pressure head 5 first contacts the protrusion and slides along the spherical arc of its surface. The support shaft 501 serves as the fulcrum, and the angle is finely adjusted around the ball head 502 to gradually cover the area around the protrusion, avoiding excessive force on a single point. When the surface of the part is tilted, the spherical pressure head 5 tilts synchronously by the corresponding degree through the hinge pair, and the spherical surface of the spherical pressure head 5 forms a uniform contact zone with the surface of the part. At the same time, the elastic deformation of the helical compression spring 601 makes the pressing force evenly distributed along the contact zone. If there are uneven areas on the surface of the part, the spherical pressure head 5 can adaptively fit with the spherical surface through multi-angle fine adjustment, combined with the differentiated compression of the helical compression spring 601, so that the pressing force in each area can eventually become consistent.

[0026] Furthermore, when the spherical indenter 5 contacts the mechanical part and continues to press down, the helical compression spring 601 continuously compresses, and the hydraulic damper 602 also works simultaneously, converting the rigid force of the guide rod cylinder 4 into a flexible buffer force. If there is a thickness deviation or flatness error in the mechanical part, the circumferentially distributed helical compression spring 601 will generate different compression amounts accordingly. When the helical compression spring 601 is compressed, the external elastic guide sleeve 6 ensures the coaxiality of the movement of the helical compression spring 601 and the hydraulic damper 602, preventing the helical compression spring 601 from deflecting. As the helical compression spring 601 is compressed, it absorbs the impact of the initial pressing force. Subsequently, the elastic force of the helical compression spring 601 acts on the pressing plate 405, thereby assisting the spherical pressure head 5 in maintaining a close fit with the surface of the mechanical part. During the continuous pressing process, the reaction force of the mechanical part causes the cylinder of the hydraulic damper 602 to generate a relative displacement with respect to the piston rod. Subsequently, the liquid inside the hydraulic damper 602 forms resistance, thereby controlling the pressing speed of the pressing plate 405 and avoiding local overload of the helical compression spring 601 due to rigid impact. Ultimately, the pressing force is steadily increased, resulting in a uniform distribution of pressing force in various areas of the surface of the mechanical part. When the plate-shaped mechanical part is clamped and fixed between the spherical pressure head 5 and the lower clamping plate 9 and the upper clamping plate 10, and remains stable and evenly stressed, welding can be performed on the part. After welding is completed, the guide rod cylinder 4 is activated in the reverse direction, which drives the pressing plate 405 and the spherical pressure head 5 away from the surface of the part. As the pressing force disappears, the spiral compression spring 601, the hydraulic damper 602 and the spherical pressure head 5 gradually return to their original state. Then, the clamping cylinder 802 drives the lower clamping plate 9 and the upper clamping plate 10 to retract to both sides. The operator takes out the welded part, thus completing one work cycle.

[0027] In the description of this utility model, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", etc., indicating the orientation or positional relationship are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing this utility model and simplifying the description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the device or component referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this utility model.

[0028] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of this utility model, "a plurality of" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0029] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present utility model, but the protection scope of the present utility model is not limited thereto. Any equivalent substitutions or changes made by those skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in the present utility model, based on the technical solution and the inventive concept of the present utility model, should be included within the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A welding pneumatic press fixture for machining mechanical parts, comprising a support base (1), wherein a top plate (3) is fixedly connected to the top of the support base (1) via a support column (2), characterized in that, A guide rod cylinder (4) is provided at the center of the top plate (3). The output end of the guide rod cylinder (4) extends through the top plate (3) to the bottom and is connected to a pneumatic pressure column (401). The bottom of the pneumatic pressure column (401) is fixedly connected to a connecting column (403) through a connecting plate (402). The bottom of the connecting column (403) is fixedly connected to a support plate (404). A spherical pressure head (5) is provided below the support plate (404). Several elastic guide sleeves (6) are evenly distributed circumferentially between the spherical pressure head (5) and the support plate (404). A helical compression spring (601) is provided inside the elastic guide sleeve (6). A hydraulic damper (602) is coaxially provided at the center of the helical compression spring (601). The cylinder of the hydraulic damper (602) is rigidly connected to the press plate (405). The telescopic end of the hydraulic damper (602) extends upward and is connected and fixed to the support plate (404).

2. The welding pneumatic pressure clamp for machining mechanical parts according to claim 1, characterized in that, The two ends of the spherical pressure head (5) are fixedly connected to a support shaft (501), and the end of the support shaft (501) is fixedly connected to a ball head (502). The two ends of the pressure plate (405) are fixedly connected to a fixing pin (503). A ball socket (504) matching the ball head (502) is opened on one side of the fixing pin (503). The ball head (502) is embedded in the ball socket (504) and forms a spherical hinge pair.

3. The welding pneumatic press fixture for machining mechanical parts according to claim 1, characterized in that, A support base plate (7) is fixedly connected to the support base (1) and below the spherical pressure head (5). A support stack plate (701) is fixedly connected to the top of the support base plate (7). A placement slot for placing plate-shaped mechanical parts is provided on the support stack plate (701). An abutment plate (702) is fixedly connected to one side of the support base plate (7).

4. The welding pneumatic press fixture for machining mechanical parts according to claim 1, characterized in that, Three sets of support blocks (8) are fixedly connected to the support base (1). Support vertical plates (801) are symmetrically fixedly connected to one side of the support block (8). A clamping cylinder (802) is provided on the top of the support block (8). A moving plate (803) is connected to the output end of the clamping cylinder (802). A lower clamping plate (9) is fixedly connected to the side of the moving plate (803) away from the clamping cylinder (802). An upper clamping plate (10) is slidably connected above the lower clamping plate (9).

5. A welding pneumatic press fixture for machining mechanical parts according to claim 4, characterized in that, The lower clamping plate (9) has a receiving groove at its top, the bottom of the upper clamping plate (10) is placed in the receiving groove, and the side wall of the upper clamping plate (10) is symmetrically fixedly connected with a vertical guide rail (101). The side wall of the receiving groove has a sliding groove that matches the vertical guide rail (101).

6. A welding pneumatic press fixture for machining mechanical parts according to claim 4, characterized in that, A circular through hole is provided on the support vertical plate (801), and a support rod (102) is provided in the circular through hole. The support rod (102) passes through the circular through hole and is connected and fixed to one side of the lower clamping plate (9).

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