Automatic equipment for assembling brake chamber and tightening pull rod

Abstract

The utility model discloses a kind of air chamber press-mounting and pull rod screwing automatic equipment of brake air chamber.The equipment includes rack platform, and is set on its rotating positioning module, press-mounting execution mechanism and pull rod tightening mechanism.Rotating positioning module is used to support bottom cover and is driven index rotation by servo motor;Press-mounting execution mechanism is located directly above, and lift plate and press-mounting head with guide pillar guidance are driven by air cylinder, complete the press-mounting and anti-rotation of top cover;Pull rod tightening mechanism coaxially penetrates rotating positioning module, and air cylinder pushes and tightens motor and spanner head, realize the automatic tightening of pull rod.The utility model integrates press-mounting and screwing function, with compact structure, high degree of automation, assembly precision is good and the advantages of stable and reliable operation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the technical field of automated processing equipment for brake chambers, specifically to an automated equipment for press-fitting brake chambers and screwing in tie rods. Background Technology

[0002] The brake chamber is a crucial component in an automotive air brake system, primarily consisting of a bottom cover, a top cover, and internal parts such as springs, diaphragms, and push rods. During assembly, the top and bottom covers are first connected by a snap-fit ​​mechanism through relative rotation at a certain angle. Then, the pull rod is further tightened into the threaded hole at the center of the bottom cover to complete the assembly.

[0003] Currently, this assembly process largely relies on manual labor or semi-automated equipment. In the pressing stage, operators must manually align the top and bottom covers and rotate them to the locking position. This method suffers from poor consistency in assembly angles, incomplete pressing, or uneven interference force, directly affecting the sealing performance of the air chamber and the finished product yield. In the tie rod tightening stage, manual labor is commonly used, resulting in low production efficiency, high labor intensity, and a high risk of insufficient tie rod preload or damage to the threaded joints, among other quality issues.

[0004] In addition, some existing automation solutions typically separate the pressing and screwing processes into different workstations, resulting in a dispersed equipment layout, a large floor space, and the need for multiple transfers and repositioning of workpieces, which increases the production cycle time and cumulative positioning errors.

[0005] Therefore, there is an urgent need in this field for an automated device that integrates the functions of press-fitting the brake chamber housing and screwing in the tie rod, and has an automatic detection and overload protection mechanism, in order to overcome the problems of low assembly accuracy, insufficient production efficiency and difficulty in ensuring quality consistency in the existing technology. Utility Model Content

[0006] To achieve automated assembly of brake chambers, this utility model provides an automated device for press-fitting brake chambers and screwing in tie rods.

[0007] The technical solution adopted by this utility model is as follows: an automatic device for press-fitting and tightening of a brake chamber, comprising: a frame platform; a rotary positioning module disposed on the frame platform, including a rotary base and a rotary drive for supporting and positioning the bottom cover of the brake chamber; a press-fitting execution mechanism disposed directly above the rotary positioning module, including a lifting plate driven by the press-fitting drive, a press-fitting head fixed to the lifting plate, and an anti-rotation clamp for constraining the circumferential rotation of the top cover of the brake chamber; and a pull rod tightening mechanism coaxially penetrating the rotary positioning module, including a tightening motor driven by the lifting drive, and a wrench head driven to rotate by the tightening motor, the wrench head being used to engage with the internal hexagon countersunk hole at the end of the pull rod.

[0008] Preferably, the frame platform is equipped with a first photoelectric sensor (1.1) for detecting whether the bottom cover and the top cover are both placed in the preset work position.

[0009] Preferably, the rotary drive component is a servo motor, which drives the rotary base to rotate in increments via a synchronous belt.

[0010] Preferably, an angle detection code disk is coaxially fixed to the rotating base, and at least one identification mark is provided on the circumferential edge of the angle detection code disk. A second photoelectric sensor is correspondingly provided on the frame platform for collecting the angular displacement signal of the rotating base.

[0011] Preferably, the lifting plate is provided with guide posts at its four corners, and a fixed plate is provided at the top of the guide posts. The pressing drive component is a cylinder and is installed on the fixed plate to drive the lifting plate to move up and down along the guide posts.

[0012] Preferably, the lever tightening mechanism further includes: a drive shaft fixedly connected to the output shaft of the tightening motor, having a non-circular guide section; a transmission sleeve fixedly connected to the wrench head, having a guide hole adapted to the drive shaft, allowing the drive shaft to slide axially within the transmission sleeve and synchronously transmit torque; and a buffer spring sleeved outside the drive shaft, the two ends of the buffer spring respectively abutting against the stepped surfaces of the drive shaft and the transmission sleeve or the component connected to the wrench head, providing the wrench head with a continuous upward restoring elastic force.

[0013] Preferably, the non-circular guide section of the drive shaft is a rectangular, spline, square key, or involute spline structure.

[0014] This utility model has the following beneficial effects: 1. Functional integration and efficiency improvement: The two key processes of rotating and pressing the air chamber shell and tightening the tie rod are integrated into one station of one machine. After one positioning, the rotary positioning module can complete the two assembly operations in sequence, eliminating the time spent on the workpiece flowing between different machines and repeated positioning, greatly shortening the production cycle and improving the overall assembly efficiency. 2. High precision and good consistency: The servo motor drives the rotary positioning module for precise indexing, and combined with the closed-loop feedback of the angle detection encoder and photoelectric sensor, the relative rotation angle of the top cover and bottom cover is precisely controlled, ensuring the positioning rate and consistency of the snap-fit ​​connection. At the same time, the pull rod tightening mechanism is driven by a servo motor, which can realize precise control of tightening torque, effectively avoiding damage to the threaded pair or loosening of the pull rod due to improper torque, thereby ensuring the assembly quality and reliability of the product. 3. High stability: The equipment automatically detects whether the workpiece is placed in place through the first photoelectric sensor, realizing automatic start and stop and error prevention of the production process. The pressing actuator adopts a guide column guiding structure to ensure the stability and verticality of the pressing process. The unique torque overload protection component of the pull rod tightening mechanism can effectively protect the motor and wrench head through axial sliding and spring buffer when tightening is in place or encountering abnormal resistance, preventing the equipment from being damaged due to overload, and improving the long-term stability and service life of the equipment. 4. Compact structure: It adopts a three-dimensional spatial layout with "coaxial top and bottom". The pressing and clamping mechanism is located at the top, and the tie rod tightening mechanism coaxially passes through the rotary positioning module below, which makes the equipment structure very compact, saves workshop floor space, and reduces the user's production space cost. Attached Figure Description

[0015] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the external appearance of an embodiment of the present utility model.

[0016] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the core components in an embodiment of this utility model.

[0017] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the core component from another angle in an embodiment of this utility model.

[0018] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the rotary positioning module in an embodiment of this utility model (synchronous belt not shown).

[0019] Figure 5 This is a cross-sectional view of the transmission structure of the tightening motor and the wrench head in an embodiment of this utility model.

[0020] 1-Rack platform; 1.1-First photoelectric sensor; 2-Rotary positioning module, 2.1-Rotary base, 2.2-Rotary drive component, 2.3-Angle detection encoder, 2.4-Second photoelectric sensor; 3-Pressure fitting actuator, 3.1-Pressure fitting drive component, 3.2-Lifting plate, 3.3-Pressure fitting head, 3.4-Anti-rotation clamp, 3.5-Guide post, 3.6-Fixing plate; 4-Pull rod tightening mechanism, 4.1-Lifting drive component, 4.2-Tightening motor, 4.3-Wrench head, 4.4-Drive shaft, 4.5-Transmission sleeve, 4.6-Buffer spring. Detailed Implementation

[0021] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the embodiments and accompanying drawings.

[0022] In the embodiments, such as Figures 1-5As shown, an automatic device for press-fitting a brake chamber and tightening a tie rod includes: a frame platform 1; a rotary positioning module 2 mounted on the frame platform 1, including a rotary base 2.1 for supporting and positioning the bottom cover of the brake chamber and a rotary drive component 2.2; a press-fitting actuator 3 mounted directly above the rotary positioning module 2, including a lifting plate 3.2 driven by the press-fitting drive component 3.1, a press-fitting head 3.3 fixed to the lifting plate 3.2, and an anti-rotation clamp 3.4 constraining the circumferential rotation of the top cover of the brake chamber; and a tie rod tightening mechanism 4 coaxially penetrating the rotary positioning module 2, including a tightening motor 4.2 pushed by the lifting drive component 4.1 and a wrench head 4.3 driven to rotate by the tightening motor 4.2, the wrench head 4.3 being used to engage with the internal hexagon countersunk hole at the end of the tie rod. Through a compact, integrated layout with "rotary positioning module 2 in the center, pressing actuator 3 on top, and pull rod tightening mechanism 4 coaxially running through the bottom," the pressing and tightening processes are seamlessly connected in the same station and with a single positioning. This solves the problems of large footprint, time-consuming workpiece transfer, and large repeated positioning errors in traditional multi-station equipment, laying a structural foundation for improving assembly efficiency and accuracy.

[0023] In the embodiments, such as Figures 1-2 As shown, the frame platform 1 is equipped with a first photoelectric sensor 1.1 to detect whether the bottom cover and top cover are both placed in the preset work positions. The first photoelectric sensor 1.1 enables automated start / stop and safety interlocking of the production process. It ensures that subsequent pressing and tightening actions will only be performed after the workpieces (bottom cover and top cover) are correctly placed, effectively preventing equipment damage and product scrap caused by idling or malfunctions, and improving the level of intelligent production and operational reliability.

[0024] In the embodiments, such as Figure 4 As shown, the rotary drive component 2.2 is a servo motor, which drives the rotary base 2.1 to rotate in increments via a synchronous belt. This combination of servo motor and synchronous belt provides precise, smooth, and highly responsive rotary motion for the rotary base 2.1. The servo motor allows for precise programming control of the rotation angle and speed, ensuring the accuracy and repeatability of the rotation angle when the top and bottom covers are snapped together—a crucial factor in ensuring assembly consistency.

[0025] In the embodiments, such as Figure 4As shown, an angle detection encoder 2.3 is coaxially fixed to the rotating base 2.1. At least one identification mark is provided on the circumferential edge of the angle detection encoder 2.3. A second photoelectric sensor 2.4 is correspondingly provided on the frame platform 1 to collect the angular displacement signal of the rotating base 2.1. Through the cooperation of the angle detection encoder 2.3 and the second photoelectric sensor 2.4, a high-precision position closed loop is formed. This allows for real-time monitoring and feedback of the actual angle of the rotating base, comparison and correction with the command value of the servo motor, thereby eliminating potential cumulative errors in the transmission system and ensuring accurate rotational indexing, greatly improving the success rate and quality consistency of the snap-fit ​​assembly.

[0026] In the embodiments, such as Figures 1-3 As shown, guide posts 3.5 are provided at the four corners of the lifting plate 3.2, and a fixed plate 3.6 is provided on the top of the guide posts 3.5. The pressing drive component 3.1 is a cylinder mounted on the fixed plate 3.6 to drive the lifting plate 3.2 to rise and fall along the guide posts 3.5. The guide posts 3.5 at the four corners provide high motion rigidity and guiding accuracy for the lifting plate 3.2, effectively resisting the eccentric load torque that may be generated during the pressing process, preventing the pressing head 3.3 from tilting, and ensuring that the pressing force is vertically downward. This not only ensures the parallel pressing of the top cover and the bottom cover, avoiding jamming and wear, but also significantly improves the stability and service life of the equipment.

[0027] In the embodiments, such as Figure 5 As shown, the lever tightening mechanism 4 further includes: a drive shaft 4.4 fixedly connected to the output shaft of the tightening motor 4.2, having a non-circular guide section; a transmission sleeve 4.5 fixedly connected to the wrench head 4.3, having a guide hole adapted to the drive shaft 4.4, allowing the drive shaft 4.4 to slide axially within the transmission sleeve 4.5 and synchronously transmit torque; and a buffer spring 4.6 sleeved outside the drive shaft 4.4, with both ends of the buffer spring 4.6 abutting against the stepped surfaces of the drive shaft 4.4 and the transmission sleeve 4.5, or against the components connected to the wrench head 4.3, providing a continuous upward restoring elastic force for the wrench head 4.3. During normal tightening, the drive shaft 4.4 and the transmission sleeve 4.5 rigidly transmit torque through structures such as splines; when tightened to the desired position or encountering abnormal resistance, the axial force overcomes the preload of the buffer spring 4.6, causing the drive shaft 4.4 to slide axially within the transmission sleeve 4.5, converting the rigid mechanical resistance into a controllable elastic stroke. This effectively absorbs impact energy, preventing the tightening motor from stalling or burning out due to overload, or damaging the wrench head and pull rod threads, thus ensuring the reliability of the equipment.

[0028] In this embodiment, the non-circular guide section of the drive shaft 4.4 is a rectangular, spline, square key, or involute spline structure. These selected non-circular sections provide a large contact area and torque transmission capacity between the drive shaft and the transmission sleeve, ensuring smooth and reliable torque transmission while guaranteeing smooth axial sliding, minimizing impact and wear, and making the overload protection function more sensitive and durable.

[0029] Obviously, the above embodiments of this utility model are merely examples for illustrating the present utility model, and are not intended to limit the implementation of the present utility model. Other obvious variations or modifications derived from the essential spirit of the present utility model still fall within the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. An automatic device for press-fitting a brake chamber and screwing in a tie rod, characterized in that, include: Rack platform (1); The rotary positioning module (2) installed on the frame platform (1) includes a rotary base (2.1) for supporting and positioning the bottom cover of the brake chamber and a rotary drive component (2.2). The pressing actuator (3) located directly above the rotary positioning module (2) includes a lifting plate (3.2) driven by a pressing drive (3.1), a pressing head (3.3) fixed to the lifting plate (3.2), and an anti-rotation clamp (3.4) that restricts the circumferential rotation of the brake chamber top cover. The pull rod tightening mechanism (4) coaxially passes through the rotary positioning module (2), including a tightening motor (4.2) driven by a lifting drive (4.1) and a wrench head (4.3) driven to rotate by the tightening motor (4.2), the wrench head (4.3) being used to engage with the internal hexagon countersunk hole at the end of the pull rod.

2. The automatic equipment for press-fitting the brake chamber and screwing in the tie rod according to claim 1, characterized in that, The frame platform (1) is equipped with a first photoelectric sensor (1.1) for detecting whether the bottom cover and the top cover are both placed in the preset work position.

3. The automatic equipment for press-fitting the brake chamber and screwing in the tie rod according to claim 1, characterized in that, The rotary drive component (2.2) is a servo motor, which drives the rotary base (2.1) to rotate in increments via a synchronous belt.

4. The automatic equipment for press-fitting the brake chamber and screwing in the tie rod according to claim 1 or 3, characterized in that, The rotating base (2.1) is coaxially fixed with an angle detection code disk (2.3). The circumferential edge of the angle detection code disk (2.3) is provided with at least one identification mark. A second photoelectric sensor (2.4) is correspondingly provided on the frame platform (1) for collecting the angular displacement signal of the rotating base (2.1).

5. The automatic equipment for press-fitting the brake chamber and tightening the tie rod according to claim 1, characterized in that, The lifting plate (3.2) is provided with guide posts (3.5) at its four corners, and a fixing plate (3.6) is provided on the top of the guide posts (3.5). The press-fitting drive component (3.1) is a cylinder and is installed on the fixing plate (3.6) to drive the lifting plate (3.2) to rise and fall along the guide posts (3.5).

6. The automatic equipment for press-fitting the brake chamber and screwing in the tie rod according to claim 1, characterized in that, The pull rod tightening mechanism (4) also includes: The drive shaft (4.4) fixedly connected to the output shaft of the tightening motor (4.2) has a non-circular guide section; The transmission sleeve (4.5) fixed to the wrench head (4.3) has a guide hole adapted to the drive shaft (4.4), so that the drive shaft (4.4) can slide axially in the transmission sleeve (4.5) and transmit torque synchronously. A buffer spring (4.6) is sleeved outside the drive shaft (4.4). The two ends of the buffer spring (4.6) abut against the stepped surfaces of the drive shaft (4.4) and the transmission sleeve (4.5) or the components connected to the wrench head (4.3), respectively, to provide the wrench head (4.3) with a continuous upward restoring elastic force.

7. The automatic equipment for press-fitting the brake chamber and screwing in the tie rod according to claim 6, characterized in that, The non-circular guide section of the drive shaft (4.4) is a rectangular, spline, square key, or involute spline structure.

Images