Four-axis linkage engraving machine

Abstract

The utility model discloses a four -axis linkage engraving machine belongs to processing lathe field. Four -axis linkage engraving machine of the utility model, including lathe bed, crossbeam, three -axis linear motion mechanism, spindle and rotary clamping mechanism, three -axis linear motion mechanism includes X -axis drive subassembly, Y -axis drive subassembly and Z -axis drive subassembly, and X -axis drive subassembly includes the X -axis sliding seat of controlled slip on the crossbeam along X -axis direction, Y -axis drive subassembly includes Y -axis slide block, Y -axis drive motor, Y -axis guide rail, Y -axis sliding block and Y -axis screw nut transmission pair, and Z -axis drive subassembly includes the Z -axis sliding seat of controlled slip in Y -axis slide block front end along Z -axis direction. The utility model optimizes the three -axis linear motion mechanism of spindle, can improve the moving span of X -axis direction, and Y -axis drive subassembly adopts the design of upside -down, can guarantee the length size of Y -axis slide block on one hand, guarantees the stress stability of spindle, can guarantee compactness on the other hand, improves the motion stability and precision.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to a CNC machine tool, and more specifically, to a four-axis linkage precision engraving machine. Background Technology

[0002] A precision engraving machine is a type of CNC machine tool. Compared with ordinary engraving machines, it has higher engraving and milling precision and is widely used in some applications where high processing precision is required, such as cookie baking molds.

[0003] Compared to ordinary roller engraving machines, four-axis precision engraving machines have three linear axes (X / Y / Z) and one rotary axis, enabling them to perform more complex surface machining. They are also less expensive, easier to maintain and operate, making them more suitable for small to medium-sized machining needs. For example, Chinese Patent Publication No. CN222359681U discloses a "Four-Axis CNC Machine Tool Suitable for Machining Weakly Rigid Parts" (publication date: January 17, 2025), which includes a bed, a rotary table, a first rotary worktable, and a second rotary worktable. The rotary table is mounted at the front of the bed, and both the first and second rotary worktables are mounted on the rotary table and arranged opposite each other, allowing them to rotate synchronously or independently around the A-axis. The spindle is mounted on a Z-axis connecting plate via a Z-axis drive mechanism. The Z-axis connecting plate is mounted on a crossbeam via an X-axis drive mechanism, and the crossbeam is mounted on the left and right supports of the bed via a Y-axis drive mechanism. The spindle can achieve three-axis linear motion, and combined with the high-speed rotation of the first and second rotary worktables, it can achieve four-axis simultaneous machining. However, the following shortcomings still need to be improved:

[0004] (1) Since the crossbeam needs to be slidably installed on the left and right supports, the structure of the crossbeam is relatively bulky and heavy, which increases the load on the Y-axis drive mechanism and makes the three-axis linear motion mechanism of the spindle relatively complex and heavy, which is not conducive to the motion accuracy control of the spindle.

[0005] (2) Most existing four-axis engraving machines lack tool magazine design and cannot achieve automatic tool changing, which affects processing efficiency. Although some engraving machines are designed with tool changing mechanism, the structure design is relatively complex. For example, the "A Tracking Tool Magazine Engraving Machine" disclosed in Chinese Patent Publication No. CN211031947U (publication date: July 17, 2020) has a relatively complex tool changing process and a high tool magazine manufacturing cost. Summary of the Invention

[0006] 1. Technical problem to be solved by the utility model

[0007] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the aforementioned shortcomings of existing four-axis engraving machines and provide a four-axis linkage engraving machine. The technical solution of this invention optimizes the three-axis linear motion mechanism of the spindle. The X-axis drive assembly is mounted on the crossbeam of the machine bed, which increases the movement span in the X-axis direction. The Y-axis drive assembly is mounted on the X-axis slide, and an inverted design is adopted, allowing the Y-axis slide and Y-axis drive motor to move along the Y-axis direction. This ensures the length of the Y-axis slide, guaranteeing the stability of the spindle under stress, while also maintaining structural compactness and improving the smoothness and accuracy of the three-axis linear motion mechanism.

[0008] In addition, the four-axis linkage engraving machine of this utility model also provides a simple tool magazine mechanism, which is simple and compact to install on the machine bed, has low manufacturing cost, improves the tool changing efficiency of the four-axis linkage engraving machine, and helps to improve the overall processing efficiency.

[0009] 2. Technical Solution

[0010] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution provided by this utility model is as follows:

[0011] This utility model discloses a four-axis linkage engraving machine, comprising a bed, a crossbeam, a three-axis linear motion mechanism, a spindle, and a rotary clamping mechanism. The crossbeam is fixedly mounted on the rear side of the bed along the X-axis direction. The spindle is mounted on the crossbeam via the three-axis linear motion mechanism, enabling it to move along the X, Y, and Z axes. The rotary clamping mechanism is mounted on the bed and located below the spindle. The three-axis linear motion mechanism includes an X-axis drive assembly, a Y-axis drive assembly, and a Z-axis drive assembly, wherein:

[0012] The X-axis drive assembly includes an X-axis slide that is controlled to slide on a crossbeam along the X-axis direction;

[0013] The Y-axis drive assembly includes a Y-axis slide, a Y-axis drive motor, a Y-axis guide rail, a Y-axis slider, and a Y-axis lead screw and nut transmission pair. The Y-axis guide rail is fixedly installed on the bottom of the Y-axis slide, and the Y-axis slider is fixedly installed on the upper part of the X-axis slide. The Y-axis guide rail and the Y-axis slider are slidably engaged. The Y-axis drive motor is fixedly installed on the Y-axis slide and is connected to the Y-axis lead screw and nut transmission pair, so that the Y-axis drive motor slides and moves together with the Y-axis slide in the Y-axis direction.

[0014] The Z-axis drive assembly includes a Z-axis slide that is controlled to slide along the Z-axis direction at the front end of the Y-axis slide block, and the spindle is mounted on the Z-axis slide.

[0015] Furthermore, the X-axis drive assembly also includes an X-axis drive motor, an X-axis guide rail, an X-axis slider, and an X-axis lead screw and nut transmission pair. The X-axis guide rail is fixedly installed on the top of the crossbeam, and the X-axis slider is fixedly installed on the bottom of the X-axis slide block. The X-axis slider slides in conjunction with the X-axis guide rail. The X-axis drive motor is fixedly installed on the crossbeam and is connected to the X-axis lead screw and nut transmission pair to drive the X-axis slide block to slide on the crossbeam.

[0016] Furthermore, the Z-axis drive assembly also includes a Z-axis drive motor, a Z-axis guide rail, a Z-axis slider, and a Z-axis lead screw and nut transmission pair. The Z-axis guide rail is fixedly installed on the back of the Z-axis slide, and the Z-axis slider is fixedly installed on the front end of the Y-axis slide block. The Z-axis guide rail and the Z-axis slider are slidably engaged. The Z-axis drive motor is fixedly installed on the Z-axis slide and is connected to the Z-axis lead screw and nut transmission pair, so that the Z-axis drive motor slides and moves together with the Z-axis slide in the Z-axis direction.

[0017] Furthermore, the Y-axis slide is a cuboid frame structure, and anti-torsion holes are provided on both sides of the Y-axis slide.

[0018] Furthermore, the rotary clamping mechanism includes an A-axis rotary table and a tailstock, the A-axis rotary table and the tailstock being arranged opposite to each other for clamping the workpiece to be processed.

[0019] Furthermore, a bridging assembly is installed between the A-axis rotary table and the tailstock. The bridging assembly includes a bridging plate, a rotary table flange, and a tailstock flange. One end of the bridging plate is connected to the A-axis rotary table via the rotary table flange, and the other end of the bridging plate is connected to the tailstock via the tailstock flange.

[0020] Furthermore, the bed is also equipped with a waste material guide hopper located between the A-axis rotary table and the tailstock, and a drawer-type waste material box is also provided below the waste material guide hopper.

[0021] Furthermore, it also includes a tool magazine mechanism, which is located on one side of the bed.

[0022] Furthermore, the tool magazine mechanism includes a mounting bracket and two rows of tool claws mounted on top of the mounting bracket, with the tool claws positioned against the mounting bracket using locating pins.

[0023] Furthermore, the bed frame is also equipped with a protective cover around its perimeter, a sliding door on the front side of the protective cover, and a movable interactive control cabinet on one side of the bed frame.

[0024] 3. Beneficial effects

[0025] Compared with existing known technologies, the technical solution provided by this utility model has the following beneficial effects:

[0026] (1) A four-axis linkage engraving machine of the present invention includes a bed, a crossbeam, a three-axis linear motion mechanism, a spindle, and a rotary clamping mechanism. The three-axis linear motion mechanism includes an X-axis drive assembly, a Y-axis drive assembly, and a Z-axis drive assembly. The X-axis drive assembly includes an X-axis slide block that slides on the crossbeam in a controlled manner along the X-axis direction. The Y-axis drive assembly includes a Y-axis slide block, a Y-axis drive motor, a Y-axis guide rail, a Y-axis slider, and a Y-axis lead screw and nut transmission pair. The Y-axis guide rail is fixedly installed on the bottom of the Y-axis slide block, and the Y-axis slider is fixedly installed on the upper part of the X-axis slide block. The Y-axis guide rail and the Y-axis slider slide in a sliding fit. The Y-axis drive motor is fixedly installed on the Y-axis slide block and is connected to the Y-axis lead screw and nut transmission pair for transmission. The Y-axis drive motor slides along the Y-axis slide in the Y-axis direction; the Z-axis drive assembly includes a Z-axis slide that slides controlled along the Z-axis direction at the front end of the Y-axis slide, and the spindle is mounted on the Z-axis slide; by optimizing the three-axis linear motion mechanism of the spindle as described above, the X-axis drive assembly is placed on the crossbeam of the bed, which can increase the movement span in the X-axis direction. The Y-axis drive assembly is mounted on the X-axis slide, and an inverted design is adopted, so that the Y-axis slide and the Y-axis drive motor move along the Y-axis direction. On the one hand, the length dimension of the Y-axis slide is guaranteed, ensuring the stress stability of the spindle. On the other hand, the structure is compact, improving the motion smoothness and accuracy of the three-axis linear motion mechanism.

[0027] (2) The present invention provides a four-axis linkage precision engraving machine, wherein the X-axis drive assembly further includes an X-axis drive motor, an X-axis guide rail, an X-axis slider and an X-axis lead screw and nut transmission pair, which is mounted upright on the crossbeam and uses the X-axis drive motor on the crossbeam to drive the X-axis slide to move; the Z-axis drive assembly further includes a Z-axis drive motor, a Z-axis guide rail, a Z-axis slider and a Z-axis lead screw and nut transmission pair, which is mounted inverted at the front end of the Y-axis slide, so that the Z-axis drive motor slides together with the Z-axis slide in the Z-axis direction; the above design further improves the structural compactness and motion stability of the three-axis linear motion mechanism and improves the processing accuracy of the four-axis linkage precision engraving machine.

[0028] (3) The four-axis linkage precision engraving machine of this utility model has a rectangular frame structure for its Y-axis slide. Anti-torsion holes are provided on both sides of the Y-axis slide, which improves the structural strength of the Y-axis slide, prevents the Y-axis slide from deforming, and further ensures the processing accuracy.

[0029] (4) A four-axis linkage precision engraving machine of the present invention has a rotary clamping mechanism including an A-axis rotary table and a tailstock, with the A-axis rotary table and the tailstock being arranged opposite to each other; a bridging assembly is also installed between the A-axis rotary table and the tailstock, the bridging assembly including a bridging plate, a rotary table flange and a tailstock flange, one end of the bridging plate being connected to the A-axis rotary table through the rotary table flange, and the other end of the bridging plate being connected to the tailstock through the tailstock flange; with the above design, the workpiece can be directly clamped between the A-axis rotary table and the tailstock, or it can be directly installed on the bridging plate, which is convenient for precision engraving of different workpieces and meets the processing needs of complex workpieces.

[0030] (5) A four-axis linkage precision engraving machine of this utility model is provided on its bed, which is also provided with a waste guide hopper between the A-axis rotary table and the tailstock. A drawer-type waste box is also provided below the waste guide hopper. The processing debris can slide down naturally through the waste guide hopper and be collected by the drawer-type waste box, which is convenient for waste cleaning and has the advantages of easy maintenance.

[0031] (6) The present invention provides a four-axis linkage precision engraving machine, which also includes a tool magazine mechanism. The tool magazine mechanism is located on one side of the machine bed and can automatically change tools during the processing, thereby improving the tool changing efficiency. The tool magazine mechanism includes a mounting bracket and two rows of tool claws mounted on the top of the mounting bracket. The tool claws are positioned with the mounting bracket by positioning pins. The tool magazine structure is simple and compact, with low manufacturing cost, which simplifies the tool changing steps and helps to improve the overall processing efficiency.

[0032] (7) The four-axis linkage engraving machine of this utility model is equipped with a protective cover around the bed, a sliding door on the front side of the protective cover, and a movable interactive control cabinet on one side of the bed, making the operation of the four-axis linkage engraving machine safer and more convenient. Attached Figure Description

[0033] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a four-axis linkage engraving machine according to the present invention;

[0034] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the main structure of a four-axis linkage engraving machine according to the present invention;

[0035] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of an angle structure of the three-axis linear motion mechanism in a four-axis linkage engraving machine according to the present invention;

[0036] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the three-axis linear motion mechanism in a four-axis linkage engraving machine according to this utility model from another angle.

[0037] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram showing the disassembled structure of the Y-axis drive assembly and the Z-axis drive assembly in this utility model;

[0038] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the installation structure of the rotary clamping mechanism and the tool magazine mechanism on the machine bed in this utility model;

[0039] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the tool magazine mechanism in this utility model.

[0040] Explanation of the labels in the diagram:

[0041] 1. Bed; 11. Scrap hopper; 12. Drawer-type scrap bin; 2. Crossbeam; 3. Three-axis linear motion mechanism; 31. X-axis drive assembly; 31-1. X-axis slide; 31-2. X-axis drive motor; 31-3. X-axis guide rail; 31-4. X-axis slider; 31-5. X-axis lead screw and nut transmission pair; 32. Y-axis drive assembly; 32-1. Y-axis slide; 32-1a. Anti-torsion hole; 32-2. Y-axis drive motor; 32-3. Y-axis guide rail; 32-4. Y-axis slider; 32-5. Y-axis lead screw and nut transmission pair 33. Moving pair; Z-axis drive assembly; 33-1. Z-axis slide; 33-2. Z-axis drive motor; 33-3. Z-axis guide rail; 33-4. Z-axis slider; 33-5. Z-axis lead screw and nut transmission pair; 4. Main spindle; 5. Rotary clamping mechanism; 51. A-axis rotary table; 52. Tailstock; 53. Bridging assembly; 53-1. Bridging plate; 53-2. Rotary table flange; 53-3. Tailstock flange; 6. Tool magazine mechanism; 61. Mounting bracket; 62. Tool claw; 7. Protective cover; 71. Sliding door; 8. Movable interactive control cabinet. Detailed Implementation

[0042] To further understand the content of this utility model, a detailed description of this utility model will be provided in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0043] [Example]

[0044] Combination Figures 1 to 5 As shown, this embodiment of a four-axis linkage engraving machine includes a bed 1, a crossbeam 2, a three-axis linear motion mechanism 3, a spindle 4, and a rotary clamping mechanism 5. The crossbeam 2 is fixedly installed on the rear side of the bed 1 along the X-axis direction. The spindle 4 is installed on the crossbeam 2 through the three-axis linear motion mechanism 3, which can drive the spindle 4 to move along the X, Y, and Z axes. The rotary clamping mechanism 5 is installed on the bed 1 and located below the spindle 4. It can be linked with the three-axis linear motion mechanism 3 to realize four-axis engraving. In this embodiment, the three-axis linear motion mechanism 3 includes an X-axis drive assembly 31, a Y-axis drive assembly 32, and a Z-axis drive assembly 33. The X-axis drive assembly 31, Y-axis drive assembly 32, and Z-axis drive assembly 33 all adopt a motor-driven lead screw and nut transmission pair structure to realize high-precision linear movement control of the X, Y, and Z axes.

[0045] The X-axis drive assembly 31 includes an X-axis slide block 31-1 that slides controlled along the X-axis direction on the crossbeam 2; the Y-axis drive assembly 32 includes a Y-axis slide block 32-1, a Y-axis drive motor 32-2, a Y-axis guide rail 32-3, a Y-axis slider 32-4, and a Y-axis lead screw and nut transmission pair 32-5. The Y-axis guide rail 32-3 is fixedly installed at the bottom of the Y-axis slide block 32-1, and the Y-axis slider 32-4 is fixedly installed at the top of the X-axis slide block 31-1. 32-3 is slidably engaged with Y-axis slider 32-4. Y-axis drive motor 32-2 is fixedly mounted on Y-axis slide block 32-1 and is connected to Y-axis lead screw and nut transmission pair 32-5, so that Y-axis drive motor 32-2 slides together with Y-axis slide block 32-1 in the Y-axis direction. Z-axis drive assembly 33 includes Z-axis slide block 33-1 which is controlled to slide along the Z-axis direction at the front end of Y-axis slide block 32-1. Main shaft 4 is mounted on Z-axis slide block 33-1. Unlike existing designs, the Y-axis drive assembly 32 adopts an inverted design, that is, the Y-axis drive motor 32-2 is mounted on the moving part - the Y-axis slide 32-1. At this time, the lead screw in the Y-axis lead screw and nut transmission pair 32-5 is rotatably mounted on the bottom of the Y-axis slide 32-1, and the transmission nut in the Y-axis lead screw and nut transmission pair 32-5 is fixed on the X-axis slide 31-1. When the Y-axis drive motor 32-2 drives the lead screw to rotate, the lead screw moves linearly while rotating because the transmission nut is fixed. Compared with the existing design, by optimizing the three-axis linear motion mechanism 3 of the main spindle as described above, the X-axis drive assembly 31 is placed on the crossbeam 2 of the bed 1, which can increase the movement span in the X-axis direction. The Y-axis drive assembly 32 is installed on the X-axis slide 31-1, and an inverted design is adopted, so that the Y-axis slide 32-1 and the Y-axis drive motor 32-2 move along the Y-axis direction. On the one hand, the length dimension of the Y-axis slide 32-1 is guaranteed, ensuring the stress stability of the main spindle 4. On the other hand, the structure is compact, improving the motion smoothness and accuracy of the three-axis linear motion mechanism.

[0046] Reference Figures 3 to 5As shown, in this embodiment, the X-axis drive assembly 31 further includes an X-axis drive motor 31-2, an X-axis guide rail 31-3, an X-axis slider 31-4, and an X-axis lead screw and nut transmission pair 31-5. The X-axis guide rail 31-3 is fixedly installed on the top of the crossbeam 2, and the X-axis slider 31-4 is fixedly installed on the bottom of the X-axis slide block 31-1. The X-axis slider 31-4 slides with the X-axis guide rail 31-3. The X-axis drive motor 31-2 is fixedly installed on the crossbeam 2 and is connected to the X-axis lead screw and nut transmission pair 31-5 to drive the X-axis slide block 31-1 to slide on the crossbeam 2. At this time, the X-axis drive assembly 31 adopts a forward mounting structure, that is, the X-axis drive motor 31-2 is mounted on the stationary part - the crossbeam 2, the lead screw in the X-axis lead screw and nut transmission pair 31-5 is rotatably mounted on the crossbeam 2, and the transmission nut in the X-axis lead screw and nut transmission pair 31-5 is fixed to the bottom of the X-axis slide 31-1. The X-axis drive motor 31-2 drives the lead screw to rotate, which in turn drives the transmission nut to move linearly, thus enabling large-span movement on the crossbeam 2. In this embodiment, the Z-axis drive assembly 33 further includes a Z-axis drive motor 33-2, a Z-axis guide rail 33-3, a Z-axis slider 33-4, and a Z-axis lead screw and nut transmission pair 33-5. The Z-axis guide rail 33-3 is fixedly installed on the back of the Z-axis slide block 33-1, and the Z-axis slider 33-4 is fixedly installed on the front end of the Y-axis slide block 32-1. The Z-axis guide rail 33-3 and the Z-axis slider 33-4 are slidably engaged. The Z-axis drive motor 33-2 is fixedly installed on the Z-axis slide block 33-1 and is connected to the Z-axis lead screw and nut transmission pair 33-5, so that the Z-axis drive motor 33-2 slides and moves together with the Z-axis slide block 33-1 in the Z-axis direction. At this time, the Z-axis drive assembly 33 also adopts an inverted structure, that is, the Z-axis drive motor 33-2 is also mounted on the moving part—the Z-axis slide 33-1. The lead screw in the Z-axis lead screw and nut transmission pair 33-5 is rotatably mounted on the Z-axis slide 33-1, and the transmission nut in the Z-axis lead screw and nut transmission pair 33-5 is fixed to the front end of the Y-axis slide 32-1. The Z-axis drive motor 33-2 drives the lead screw to rotate. Since the transmission nut is fixed, the lead screw rotates while moving linearly, realizing the up and down movement of the Z-axis slide 33-1 and the Z-axis drive motor 33-2. This design further improves the structural compactness and motion stability of the three-axis linear motion mechanism 3, and improves the machining accuracy of the four-axis linkage engraving machine. Furthermore, as... Figure 2 As shown, the Y-axis slide 32-1 is a cuboid frame structure. Anti-torsion holes 32-1a are provided on both sides of the Y-axis slide 32-1. The anti-torsion holes 32-1a are round holes, which improve the structural strength of the Y-axis slide 32-1 and prevent the Y-axis slide 32-1 from deforming, thus further ensuring the machining accuracy.

[0047] like Figure 2 and Figure 6As shown, in this embodiment, the aforementioned rotary clamping mechanism 5 includes an A-axis rotary table 51 and a tailstock 52. The A-axis rotary table 51 and the tailstock 52 are arranged opposite to each other and are used to clamp the workpiece to be processed. The A-axis rotary table 51 is capable of rotational motion, and the tailstock 52 is a follower motion. The two are coaxially arranged to form the A-axis of the four-axis linkage engraving machine. Further, a bridging assembly 53 is also installed between the A-axis rotary table 51 and the tailstock 52. The bridging assembly 53 includes a bridging plate 53-1, a turntable flange 53-2, and a tailstock flange 53-3. One end of the bridging plate 53-1 is connected to the A-axis rotary table 51 through the turntable flange 53-2, and the other end of the bridging plate 53-1 is connected to the tailstock 52 through the tailstock flange 53-3. With the above design, the workpiece can be directly clamped between the A-axis rotary table 51 and the tailstock 52, or it can be directly installed on the bridge plate 53-1, which facilitates precision engraving of different workpieces and meets the processing needs of complex workpieces.

[0048] Reference Figure 2 and Figure 6 As shown, in this embodiment, the machine bed 1 is also equipped with a waste material guide hopper 11 located between the A-axis rotary table 51 and the tailstock 52. The waste material guide hopper 11 has a funnel-shaped structure that is wider at the top and narrower at the bottom. Below the waste material guide hopper 11, there is also a drawer-type waste bin 12. The drawer-type waste bin 12 can be pulled out from the machine bed 1 for easy cleaning of waste. With the above design, processing debris can slide naturally through the waste material guide hopper 11 and be collected by the drawer-type waste bin 12, which facilitates waste cleaning and has the advantages of easy maintenance.

[0049] like Figure 2 , Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown, this embodiment of a four-axis linkage engraving machine also includes a tool magazine mechanism 6, which is located on one side of the bed 1. Specifically, the tool magazine mechanism 6 can be located near the tailstock 52, allowing the spindle 4 to move along the X-axis to the top of the tool magazine mechanism 6 for automatic tool changing, thus improving tool changing efficiency. In this embodiment, the tool magazine mechanism 6 includes a mounting bracket 61 and two rows of tool claws 62 mounted on top of the mounting bracket 61. The tool claws 62 are positioned with the mounting bracket 61 using locating pins. The mounting bracket 61 has a rectangular frame structure, mainly composed of a base plate, two side support plates, and a top plate. The tool claws 62 are existing products used to clamp and position the tools, and have pin holes. During installation, the locating pins are first used to position the tool claws 62 on the mounting bracket 61, and then bolts are used for fixing. Figure 7 As shown, there are four cutter claws 62 in each of the two rows, and the two rows of cutter claws 62 are installed back to back for easy tool changing. The tool magazine mechanism 6 described above has a simple and compact structure, low manufacturing cost, simplifies the tool changing process, and helps to improve overall machining efficiency.

[0050] return Figure 1As shown, in this embodiment, the bed 1 is also equipped with a protective cover 7 around its perimeter, and a sliding door 71 is provided on the front side of the protective cover 7, which can improve operational safety. A movable interactive control cabinet 8 is also provided on one side of the bed 1, which can be used to set processing parameters, making operation more convenient.

[0051] As for the other components of the four-axis engraving machine that are not mentioned, such as the CNC system and alarm system, they are similar to existing technologies and will not be described in detail here.

[0052] This utility model discloses a four-axis linkage engraving machine that optimizes the three-axis linear motion mechanism of the spindle. The X-axis drive assembly is mounted on the crossbeam of the machine bed, increasing the X-axis travel span. The Y-axis drive assembly is mounted on the X-axis slide, employing an inverted design that allows the Y-axis slide and Y-axis drive motor to move along the Y-axis. This ensures the Y-axis slide's length dimension, guaranteeing the spindle's stress stability, while also maintaining structural compactness and improving the smoothness and precision of the three-axis linear motion mechanism. The four-axis linkage engraving machine also provides a simple tool magazine mechanism, which is simple and compact to install on the machine bed, has low manufacturing costs, improves the tool changing efficiency of the four-axis linkage engraving machine, and contributes to improving overall processing efficiency.

[0053] The present invention and its embodiments have been described above illustratively. This description is not restrictive, and the figures shown are only one embodiment of the present invention; the actual structure is not limited thereto. Therefore, if those skilled in the art are inspired by this description and design similar structures and embodiments without departing from the spirit of the present invention, such designs should fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A four-axis linkage engraving machine, comprising a bed (1), a crossbeam (2), a three-axis linear motion mechanism (3), a spindle (4), and a rotary clamping mechanism (5), wherein the crossbeam (2) is fixedly mounted on the rear side of the bed (1) along the X-axis direction, the spindle (4) is mounted on the crossbeam (2) via the three-axis linear motion mechanism (3), and is capable of driving the spindle (4) to move along the X-axis, Y-axis, and Z-axis directions, and the rotary clamping mechanism (5) is mounted on the bed (1) and located below the spindle (4); characterized in that: The three-axis linear motion mechanism (3) includes an X-axis drive assembly (31), a Y-axis drive assembly (32), and a Z-axis drive assembly (33), wherein: The X-axis drive assembly (31) includes an X-axis slide (31-1) that is controlled to slide on the crossbeam (2) along the X-axis direction. The Y-axis drive assembly (32) includes a Y-axis slide (32-1), a Y-axis drive motor (32-2), a Y-axis guide rail (32-3), a Y-axis slider (32-4), and a Y-axis lead screw and nut transmission pair (32-5). The Y-axis guide rail (32-3) is fixedly installed on the bottom of the Y-axis slide (32-1), and the Y-axis slider (32-4) is fixedly installed on the upper part of the X-axis slide (31-1). The Y-axis guide rail (32-3) and the Y-axis slider (32-4) are slidably engaged. The Y-axis drive motor (32-2) is fixedly installed on the Y-axis slide (32-1) and is connected to the Y-axis lead screw and nut transmission pair (32-5) for transmission, so that the Y-axis drive motor (32-2) slides and moves together with the Y-axis slide (32-1) in the Y-axis direction. The Z-axis drive assembly (33) includes a Z-axis slide (33-1) that is controlled to slide along the Z-axis direction at the front end of the Y-axis slide (32-1), and the spindle (4) is mounted on the Z-axis slide (33-1).

2. The four-axis linkage engraving machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The X-axis drive assembly (31) further includes an X-axis drive motor (31-2), an X-axis guide rail (31-3), an X-axis slider (31-4), and an X-axis lead screw and nut transmission pair (31-5). The X-axis guide rail (31-3) is fixedly installed on the top of the crossbeam (2), and the X-axis slider (31-4) is fixedly installed on the bottom of the X-axis slide block (31-1). The X-axis slider (31-4) slides with the X-axis guide rail (31-3). The X-axis drive motor (31-2) is fixedly installed on the crossbeam (2) and is connected to the X-axis lead screw and nut transmission pair (31-5) to drive the X-axis slide block (31-1) to slide on the crossbeam (2).

3. The four-axis linkage engraving machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The Z-axis drive assembly (33) further includes a Z-axis drive motor (33-2), a Z-axis guide rail (33-3), a Z-axis slider (33-4), and a Z-axis lead screw and nut transmission pair (33-5). The Z-axis guide rail (33-3) is fixedly installed on the back of the Z-axis slide (33-1), and the Z-axis slider (33-4) is fixedly installed on the front end of the Y-axis slide (32-1). The Z-axis guide rail (33-3) and the Z-axis slider (33-4) are slidably engaged. The Z-axis drive motor (33-2) is fixedly installed on the Z-axis slide (33-1) and is connected to the Z-axis lead screw and nut transmission pair (33-5) for transmission, so that the Z-axis drive motor (33-2) slides together with the Z-axis slide (33-1) in the Z-axis direction.

4. The four-axis linkage engraving machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The Y-axis slide (32-1) is a cuboid frame structure, and anti-torsion holes (32-1a) are provided on both sides of the Y-axis slide (32-1).

5. The four-axis linkage engraving machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rotary clamping mechanism (5) includes an A-axis rotary table (51) and a tailstock (52). The A-axis rotary table (51) and the tailstock (52) are arranged opposite to each other and are used to clamp the workpiece to be processed.

6. The four-axis linkage engraving machine according to claim 5, characterized in that: A bridging assembly (53) is also installed between the A-axis rotary table (51) and the tailstock (52). The bridging assembly (53) includes a bridging plate (53-1), a rotary table flange (53-2), and a tailstock flange (53-3). One end of the bridging plate (53-1) is connected to the A-axis rotary table (51) through the rotary table flange (53-2), and the other end of the bridging plate (53-1) is connected to the tailstock (52) through the tailstock flange (53-3).

7. The four-axis linkage engraving machine according to claim 5, characterized in that: The bed (1) is also provided with a waste guide hopper (11) located between the A-axis rotary table (51) and the tailstock (52), and a drawer-type waste box (12) is provided below the waste guide hopper (11).

8. The four-axis linkage engraving machine according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: It also includes a tool magazine mechanism (6), which is located on one side of the bed (1).

9. The four-axis linkage engraving machine according to claim 8, characterized in that: The tool magazine mechanism (6) includes a mounting bracket (61) and two rows of tool claws (62) mounted on the top of the mounting bracket (61). The tool claws (62) are positioned with the mounting bracket (61) by positioning pins.

10. The four-axis linkage engraving machine according to claim 8, characterized in that: The bed frame (1) is also provided with a protective cover (7) around its perimeter. A sliding door (71) is provided on the front side of the protective cover (7). A movable interactive control cabinet (8) is also provided on one side of the bed frame (1).

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