A high-precision and high-stability hydrostatic guide rail worktable system

Abstract

The utility model discloses a high-precision, high-stability static pressure guide rail workstation system, include: workstation, smooth seat, positioning mechanism, drive motor, shunt, oil return pipe, round grating hole, gear, oil pad, flat guide rail surface, static pressure oil cavity, oil inlet, oil outlet, oil collecting tank, oil return groove, oil return and clamping mechanism groove, the workstation is suspended on the smooth seat by oil film. The static pressure guide rail workstation system of the utility model has very high motion accuracy and stability: because the workstation is suspended on the oil film, is pure liquid friction, fundamentally eliminates "creeping" phenomenon, can realize nanometer -level uniform -speed feed, is suitable for precision machining. Still have very high stiffness and carrying capacity: the multiple oil pad design makes the guide rail system have very high static and dynamic stiffness, and the anti -overthrow moment ability is strong, can bear big eccentric load, and the precision stability is good.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of worktables for heavy machine tools, specifically relating to a high-precision, high-stability hydrostatic guide rail worktable system. Background Technology

[0002] In recent years, with the increasing emphasis placed on the aerospace and energy sectors by the nation, the quality requirements for heavy-duty machine tools have been continuously rising. Traditional linear guides and slides, which rely on solid-to-solid contact, present the following problems:

[0003] 1. High contact stress: The contact between the guide rail and the slider is a point or line contact, which leads to contact fatigue and affects long-term accuracy retention and service life.

[0004] 2. Poor damping characteristics: It has weak vibration resistance and is prone to vibration during the chip cutting process, which affects the surface finish of the workpiece, especially during heavy chip cutting or intermittent chip cutting.

[0005] 3. Sensitive to contamination: The rolling elements (balls or rollers) inside the guide rail slider are very sensitive to contaminants such as metal shavings and dust, which can easily cause wear, indentation, loss of precision and abnormal noise.

[0006] 4. Instability in motion: Due to manufacturing errors, the rolling elements will experience speed fluctuations during the cycle, resulting in a "creeping" phenomenon at the microscopic level, making it difficult to achieve high-precision, high-uniform-speed motion. Utility Model Content

[0007] Purpose of the utility model: In order to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art, this utility model provides a high-precision and high-stability hydrostatic guideway worktable system to solve the problems of poor vibration resistance, insufficient precision retention, sensitivity to contamination and poor stability of the existing centerline guideway machine tools. In this system, the hydrostatic guideway forms a high-pressure oil film between the worktable and the bed, which makes the moving parts completely suspended and realizes pure liquid friction.

[0008] Technical solution: A high-precision and high-stability hydrostatic guide rail worktable system, comprising: a worktable, a smooth seat, a positioning mechanism, a drive motor, a distributor, an oil return pipe, a circular grating hole, a gear, an oil pad, a flat guide rail surface, a hydrostatic oil chamber, an oil inlet, an oil outlet, an oil collection tank, an oil return groove, an oil return port, and a clamping mechanism groove;

[0009] The worktable is suspended above the smooth seat by an oil film; the bottom of the worktable is provided with a flat guide rail surface corresponding to the smooth seat, which can effectively resist overturning torque; the flat guide rail surface is fixedly installed on the worktable by gears; a positioning mechanism and a drive motor are fixedly installed on the worktable, and the drive motor drives the gears to drive the worktable to rotate.

[0010] The upper surface of the smooth seat is provided with a flat guide rail surface corresponding to the worktable. Multiple independent hydrostatic oil chambers are precisely machined on the bearing surface of the flat guide rail surface. Each hydrostatic oil chamber is connected to an external high-pressure oil pump through an independent distributor. Multiple oil pads are evenly distributed around the upper surface of the smooth seat. Each hydrostatic oil chamber is fixedly installed inside each oil pad. Each oil pad is an independent bearing unit, which is adaptively adjusted by the distributor.

[0011] The bottom of the hydrostatic oil chamber is provided with an oil inlet and an oil outlet, which are connected. The oil is drawn into the oil inlet by an external hydraulic station through a distributor, then sucked into the oil outlet, and then enters the hydrostatic oil chamber. The oil return groove is set on the outer ring of multiple oil pads. The oil return groove is connected to the oil return port. One end of the oil return pipe is connected to the oil return port, and the other end of the oil return pipe is connected to the oil collection tank. The overflowing oil first flows into the oil return groove, then collects in the oil return port through the annular oil return groove, then flows back to the oil return pipe, and then enters the oil collection tank. The oil in the oil collection tank then enters the external hydraulic station. After being filtered, settled, and temperature controlled by the hydraulic station, the oil is restored to a relatively clean state and then recycled.

[0012] As an optimization: the smooth seat is provided with a clamping mechanism groove, and a clamping mechanism is installed in the clamping mechanism groove. The clamping mechanism clamps and positions itself by hydraulic pressure.

[0013] As an optimization: the center of the smooth seat is provided with a circular grating hole, and a circular grating is installed in the circular grating hole to monitor the angle of the worktable.

[0014] As an optimization: a keyway with bottom oil inlet is opened inside the hydrostatic oil chamber, and the worktable is suspended above the smooth seat by the oil pressure in the hydrostatic oil chamber.

[0015] As an optimization: the splitter is fixedly installed on the side of the smooth seat.

[0016] As an optimization: the oil pad has a fan-shaped structure, and the oil return groove is annular.

[0017] As an optimization: the flow divider monitors and adjusts the pressure of each hydrostatic oil chamber.

[0018] As an optimization: a pressure relay is installed on the oil supply line of each of the aforementioned hydrostatic oil chambers and integrated into the distributor to monitor the pressure of each oil chamber in real time.

[0019] Beneficial effects: The specific advantages of this utility model are as follows:

[0020] 1. Extremely high motion accuracy and stability: Since the worktable is suspended on the oil film, it is pure liquid friction, which fundamentally eliminates the "creeping" phenomenon and can achieve nanometer-level uniform feed, making it suitable for precision machining.

[0021] 2. Excellent damping characteristics and vibration resistance: The squeezing effect of the oil film provides great damping, which can effectively absorb and attenuate chip vibration, enabling the machine tool to achieve excellent surface finish when cutting heavy chips or machining difficult materials.

[0022] 3. Extremely high rigidity and load-bearing capacity: The multi-oil pad design gives the guide rail system extremely high static and dynamic rigidity, strong resistance to overturning moment, ability to withstand large off-center loads, and good precision and stability.

[0023] 4. Unlimited lifespan and high reliability: Since there is no direct contact between moving parts, there is theoretically no wear, resulting in an unlimited lifespan. Furthermore, it is less sensitive to scratches and contaminants on the guide surface than linear guides, significantly improving reliability.

[0024] 5. It has a "homogenization error" effect: The multi-oil pad hydrostatic system can automatically compensate for the small flatness and straightness errors of the bed guide rail, reducing the stringent requirements for the machining of basic components. Attached Figure Description

[0025] Figure 1 This is a structural schematic diagram of the worktable and smooth seat assembly of this utility model;

[0026] Figure 2 This is a structural schematic diagram of the workbench (bottom surface) of this utility model;

[0027] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the smooth seat (upper surface) of this utility model. Detailed Implementation

[0028] Example

[0029] like Figure 1-3 As shown, a high-precision and high-stability hydrostatic guide rail worktable system includes: a worktable 01, a smooth seat 02, a positioning mechanism 03, a drive motor 04, a distributor 05, an oil return pipe 06, a circular grating hole 07, a gear 08, an oil pad 09, a flat guide rail surface 10, a hydrostatic oil chamber 11, an oil inlet 12, an oil outlet 13, an oil collection tank 14, an oil return groove 15, an oil return port 16, and a clamping mechanism groove 17.

[0030] The worktable 01 is suspended above the smoothing seat 02 by an oil film. The bottom of the worktable 01 has a flat guide rail surface 10 corresponding to the smoothing seat 02, which effectively resists overturning torque. The flat guide rail surface 10 is fixedly mounted on the worktable 01 by a gear 8. A positioning mechanism 03 and a drive motor 04 are fixedly mounted on the worktable 01. The drive motor 04 drives the gear 08 to drive the worktable to rotate. The smoothing seat 02 is also provided with a clamping mechanism slot 17, in which a clamping mechanism is installed. The clamping mechanism uses hydraulic clamping for positioning. The center of the smoothing seat 02 has a circular grating hole 07, in which a circular grating is installed to monitor the angle of the worktable. The position of the worktable 01 is controlled by the aforementioned control and positioning devices.

[0031] The upper surface of the smooth seat 02 is provided with a flat guide rail surface 10 corresponding to the worktable 01. Multiple independent hydrostatic oil chambers 11 are precisely machined on the bearing surface of the flat guide rail surface 10. Each hydrostatic oil chamber 11 has a keyway for bottom oil inlet. The oil pressure within the hydrostatic oil chamber 11 suspends the worktable 01 above the smooth seat 02. Each hydrostatic oil chamber 11 is connected to an external high-pressure oil pump via an independent distributor 05. The distributor 05 monitors and adjusts the pressure of each hydrostatic oil chamber 11 to reduce leveling errors caused by workpiece misalignment. The distributor 05 is fixedly installed on the side of the smooth seat 02. Multiple hydrostatic oil chambers 11 are distributed on the upper surface of the smoothing seat 02 in the form of "multiple oil pads". Specifically, multiple oil pads 09 are evenly distributed around the upper surface of the smoothing seat 02, and each hydrostatic oil chamber 11 is fixedly installed inside each oil pad 09. The oil pads 09 have a fan-shaped structure, and each oil pad 09 is an independent bearing unit. Through the adaptive adjustment of the distributor 05, even if there are slight geometric errors in the bed or uneven load on the worktable, the oil film thickness can be kept basically consistent, achieving the effect of "averaging errors" and thus obtaining extremely high worktable rotation accuracy. A pressure relay is installed on the oil supply line of each hydrostatic oil chamber 11 and integrated into the distributor 05 to monitor the pressure of each oil chamber in real time. When abnormal pressure fluctuations occur (such as when the oil chamber is partially blocked by contaminants), the control system can issue an alarm to prompt maintenance and avoid sudden failures.

[0032] The bottom of the hydrostatic oil chamber 11 is provided with an oil inlet 12 and an oil outlet 13, which are connected. Oil is drawn into the oil inlet 12 by an external hydraulic station via a distributor 05, then into the oil outlet 13, and finally into the hydrostatic oil chamber 11. The return oil groove 15 is located on the outer ring of multiple oil pads 09. The return oil groove 15 is annular and connected to the return oil port 16. One end of the return oil pipe 06 is connected to the return oil port 16, and the other end is connected to the oil collection tank 14. Overflowing oil first flows into the return oil groove 15, then collects in the return oil port 16 through the annular return oil groove 15, then flows back to the return oil pipe 06, and finally enters the oil collection tank 14. The oil in the oil collection tank 14 then enters the external hydraulic station, where it undergoes filtration, sedimentation, and temperature control to return to a relatively clean state before being recycled.

[0033] The hydrostatic guide rail worktable system of this utility model has extremely high motion accuracy and stability: since the worktable is suspended on the oil film, it is pure liquid friction, which fundamentally eliminates the "creeping" phenomenon and can achieve nanometer-level uniform feed, making it suitable for precision machining.

[0034] The hydrostatic guideway table system of this invention has excellent damping characteristics and vibration resistance: the squeezing effect of the oil film provides huge damping, which can effectively absorb and attenuate chip vibration, so that the machine tool can still obtain excellent surface finish when cutting heavy chips or machining difficult materials.

[0035] The hydrostatic guide rail worktable system of this utility model has extremely high rigidity and load-bearing capacity: the multi-oil pad design gives the guide rail system extremely high static and dynamic rigidity, strong resistance to overturning torque, ability to withstand large off-center loads, and good precision and stability.

[0036] This utility model's hydrostatic guide rail worktable system boasts unlimited lifespan and high reliability: the moving parts have no direct contact, theoretically there is no wear, and it has an unlimited service life. Furthermore, it is less sensitive to scratches and contaminants on the guide rail surface than linear guide rails, significantly improving reliability.

[0037] The hydrostatic guideway table system of this utility model has an "error homogenization" effect: the multi-oil pad hydrostatic system can automatically compensate for the small flatness and straightness errors of the bed guideway, reducing the stringent requirements for the machining of basic components.

[0038] The foregoing description clearly and completely illustrates the technical solutions in the embodiments of this utility model, enabling those skilled in the art to better understand the advantages and features of this utility model, thereby providing a clearer definition of the scope of protection of this utility model. The embodiments described in this utility model are merely some embodiments of this utility model, not all embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this utility model without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this utility model.

Claims

1. A high-precision, high-stability hydrostatic guideway worktable system, characterized in that: include: Worktable (01), smooth seat (02), positioning mechanism (03), drive motor (04), distributor (05), return oil pipe (06), circular grating hole (07), gear (08), oil pad (09), flat guide rail surface (10), hydrostatic oil chamber (11), oil inlet (12), oil outlet (13), oil collection tank (14), return oil groove (15), return oil port (16) and clamping mechanism groove (17); The worktable (01) is suspended above the smooth seat (02) by an oil film; the bottom of the worktable (01) is provided with a flat guide rail surface (10) corresponding to the smooth seat (02), which can effectively resist overturning torque; the flat guide rail surface (10) is fixedly installed on the worktable (01) by a gear (08); a positioning mechanism (03) and a drive motor (04) are fixedly installed on the worktable (01), and the drive motor (04) drives the gear (08) to drive the worktable to rotate; The upper surface of the smooth seat (02) is provided with a flat guide rail surface (10) corresponding to the worktable (01). Multiple independent hydrostatic oil chambers (11) are precisely machined on the bearing surface of the flat guide rail surface (10). Each hydrostatic oil chamber (11) is connected to an external high-pressure oil pump through an independent distributor (05). Multiple oil pads (09) are evenly distributed around the upper surface of the smooth seat (02). Each hydrostatic oil chamber (11) is fixedly installed inside each oil pad (09). Each oil pad (09) is an independent bearing unit, which is adaptively adjusted by the distributor (05). The bottom of the hydrostatic oil chamber (11) is provided with an oil inlet (12) and an oil outlet (13). The oil inlet (12) and the oil outlet (13) are connected. The oil is brought into the oil inlet (12) by an external hydraulic station through a distributor (05), then sucked into the oil outlet (13), and then enters the hydrostatic oil chamber (11). The oil return groove (15) is set on the outer ring of multiple oil pads (09). The oil return groove (15) is connected to the oil return port (16). The oil return pipe (09) is connected to the oil return pipe (09). One end of the 6) is connected to the return oil port (16), and the other end of the return oil pipe (06) is connected to the oil collection tank (14). The overflowing oil first flows into the return oil groove (15), and then gathers into the return oil port (16) through the annular return oil groove (15), and then flows back to the return oil pipe (06), and then enters the oil collection tank (14). The oil in the oil collection tank (14) then enters the external hydraulic station. After the hydraulic station filters, settles and controls the temperature to make the oil return to a relatively clean state, it is recycled.

2. The high-precision, high-stability hydrostatic guideway table system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The smooth seat (02) is provided with a clamping mechanism groove (17), and a clamping mechanism is installed in the clamping mechanism groove (17). The clamping mechanism clamps and positions itself by hydraulic pressure.

3. The high-precision, high-stability hydrostatic guideway table system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The smooth seat (02) has a circular grating hole (07) at its center. A circular grating is installed in the circular grating hole (07) to monitor the angle of the worktable.

4. The high-precision, high-stability hydrostatic guideway table system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The static pressure oil chamber (11) has a keyway with bottom oil inlet, and the worktable (01) is suspended above the smooth seat (02) by the oil pressure in the static pressure oil chamber (11).

5. The high-precision, high-stability hydrostatic guideway table system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The diverter (05) is fixedly installed on the side of the smooth seat (02).

6. The high-precision, high-stability hydrostatic guideway table system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The oil pad (09) has a fan-shaped structure, and the oil return groove (15) is annular.

7. The high-precision, high-stability hydrostatic guideway table system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The aforementioned distributor (05) monitors and regulates the pressure of each hydrostatic oil chamber (11).

8. The high-precision, high-stability hydrostatic guideway table system according to claim 1, characterized in that: Each of the static pressure oil chambers (11) is equipped with a pressure relay on its oil supply line, which is integrated into the distributor (05) to monitor the pressure of each oil chamber in real time.

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