Flexible follow-up device for machining of elongated shafts

Abstract

The utility model discloses a flexible follow -up device for the processing of slender axle relates to machining technical field. The device includes base, multiple degree of freedom adjusting mechanism and adaptive rolling support mechanism. The base is used for fixed in lathe bed body, multiple degree of freedom adjusting mechanism installs on the base, including front and back, left and right, inclination and up and down adjusting module, is used for quick adaptation different lathe and work piece, adaptive rolling support mechanism is connected in adjusting mechanism end, including support seat, telescopic guide rod, pre -tight spring and rolling bearing assembly, through the compression of pre -tight spring's adjustment, makes bearing with adjustable flexible force and meets work piece surface. The utility model discloses through mechanical adjusting and spring force compensation combination, can provide real -time, adaptive flexible follow -up support for the processing of slender axle, effectively inhibits the vibration and deformation in processing, significantly improves the machining precision and surface quality, and simple structure, and the adjustment is convenient, and the versatility is strong.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of machining technology, specifically to an auxiliary support device for machining slender shaft parts on a CNC lathe. Background Technology

[0002] When machining slender shaft parts (such as lead screws) on CNC lathes, the large length-to-diameter ratio and poor rigidity of the workpiece make traditional clamping methods prone to vibration and bending deformation during machining, which seriously affects the dimensional accuracy and surface quality of the parts. Existing follow-tool devices are mostly fixed structures, which are inconvenient to adjust, have poor adaptability, and cannot achieve real-time compensation during machining, resulting in low machining efficiency and high scrap rate. Utility Model Content

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to provide a flexible follow-tool device for machining slender shafts, so as to solve the problems of inconvenient adjustment, inability to compensate for workpiece deflection in real time, and poor machining accuracy caused by existing follow-tool devices.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0005] A flexible follow-cutting device for machining slender shafts includes a base, a multi-degree-of-freedom adjustment mechanism, and an adaptive rolling support mechanism.

[0006] The base is used to fix the entire device to the bed of the CNC lathe.

[0007] The multi-degree-of-freedom adjustment mechanism is mounted on the base and includes a front-to-back adjustment module along the machine tool guideway, a left-to-right adjustment module perpendicular to the guideway, a tilt adjustment module for adjusting the support angle, and a vertical adjustment module for adapting to the machine tool's center height. Each module is equipped with a locking component to secure the position after adjustment.

[0008] The adaptive rolling support mechanism is connected to the end of the multi-degree-of-freedom adjustment mechanism. It includes a support base, a telescopic guide rod axially disposed within the support base, a preload spring sleeved on the telescopic guide rod, and a rolling bearing assembly installed at the front end of the telescopic guide rod. The support base is provided with a force adjustment mechanism for adjusting the compression of the preload spring, so that the rolling bearing assembly can abut against the outer surface of the slender shaft workpiece with an adjustable constant flexible force.

[0009] Furthermore, the tilt adjustment module is a hinge joint that can rotate and lock within a range of ±45°.

[0010] Furthermore, the rolling bearing assembly is mounted via a bearing housing, and a radial fine-tuning structure may be provided between the bearing housing and the telescopic guide rod.

[0011] Furthermore, the force adjustment mechanism is an adjusting screw screwed onto the support base, which compresses the preload spring by changing the position of the shim.

[0012] The beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows:

[0013] Adaptive flexible support: Through the combination of preloaded springs and rolling bearings, the device can absorb and compensate for the instantaneous deflection changes of the workpiece caused by radial cutting forces in real time during processing, effectively suppressing vibration and bending deformation. Flexible adjustment and strong versatility: The multi-degree-of-freedom adjustment mechanism allows the device to quickly adapt to different models of CNC lathes and slender shaft workpieces of different diameters, and adjustment is simple.

[0014] Improved machining accuracy and quality: Stable flexible support can significantly improve the form and position tolerances such as roundness and cylindricity of slender shafts (e.g., can be stably controlled within 0.02mm), and achieve better surface roughness. Simple structure and low cost: It mainly uses standard parts and conventional mechanical structures, resulting in low manufacturing, installation, and maintenance costs, and is easy to promote. Attached Figure Description

[0015] Figure 1 This is an isometric schematic diagram of the overall structure of this utility model.

[0016] Figure 2 This is a side view of the structure of this utility model.

[0017] Figure 3 for Figure 2 A partially enlarged sectional view of the adaptive rolling support mechanism.

[0018] In the diagram: 1. Base; 2. Front and rear adjusting slide; 3. Left and right adjusting support column; 4. Tilt adjustment joint; 5. Up and down adjusting column; 6. Support seat; 7. Telescopic guide rod; 8. Adjusting shim A; 9. Bearing seat; 10. Rolling bearing; 11. Bearing locating pin; 12. Workpiece (slender shaft); 13. Locking screw; 14. Adjusting shim B; 15. Preload spring; 16. Center height fine adjustment screw; 17. Guide key. Detailed Implementation

[0019] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0020] like Figures 1 to 3 As shown, the device of this utility model is mounted on the lathe bed via the base 1. During installation, firstly, the longitudinal position of the device relative to the tool post is adjusted by adjusting the front and rear sliding table 2; the lateral position is adjusted by adjusting the left and right support column 3 to align the support force with the direction of the main cutting resistance; the inclination angle of the support bearing is adjusted by adjusting the tilt joint 4 to adapt to different workpiece and tool geometries; finally, the center height of the machine tool spindle is precisely matched by adjusting the upper and lower column 5 and the center height fine-tuning screw 16.

[0021] In the adaptive rolling support mechanism, the rotating adjusting screw 13 (acting on shims 8 and 13) can change the compression of the preload spring 15, thereby setting the initial preload force of the rolling bearing 10 acting on the surface of the workpiece 12. This preload force ensures that the bearing is always in close contact with the workpiece, and when the workpiece undergoes slight deformation, the spring's extension and contraction achieve adaptive force compensation. During machining, the device moves synchronously with the tool holder, providing dynamic following support for the workpiece throughout the entire process.

[0022] By employing a combination of multi-degree-of-freedom mechanical adjustment and closed-loop spring force compensation, this device can provide a stable, flexible, and adjustable auxiliary support for machining slender shafts, ultimately achieving the goal of improving machining accuracy.

Claims

1. A flexible follow-tool device for machining slender shafts, characterized in that, Includes a base (1), a multi-degree-of-freedom adjustment mechanism, and an adaptive rolling support mechanism; The base (1) is used to fix the device to the bed of the CNC lathe; The multi-degree-of-freedom adjustment mechanism is installed on the base (1) and is used to realize the position and attitude adjustment of the device in multiple directions; The adaptive rolling support mechanism is connected to the end of the multi-degree-of-freedom adjustment mechanism and is used to roll support the outer circular surface of the slender shaft workpiece (12) with an adjustable flexible preload.

2. The flexible follow-cutting device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The multi-degree-of-freedom adjustment mechanism includes: A front-to-back adjustment module is installed along the machine tool guide rail; A left-right adjustment module is set perpendicular to the guide rail direction; Angle adjustment module for adjusting the support angle; And an up-and-down adjustment module for adapting to the center height of the machine tool.

3. The flexible follow-cutting device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The tilt adjustment module is a hinge joint (4) that can rotate and lock within a range of ±45°.

4. The flexible follow-cutting device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The adaptive rolling support mechanism includes a support base (6), a telescopic guide rod (7) axially arranged in the support base (6), a preload spring (15) sleeved on the telescopic guide rod (7), and a rolling bearing assembly installed at the front end of the telescopic guide rod (7); The support base (6) is provided with a force adjustment mechanism for adjusting the compression of the preload spring (15).

5. The flexible follow-cutting device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The force adjustment mechanism includes an adjustment screw (13) screwed onto the support base (6), and force adjustment shims A (8) and B (14) disposed at both ends of the preload spring (15). The position of the shims is changed by screwing the adjustment screw (13) to compress the preload spring (15).

6. The flexible follow-cutting device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The rolling bearing assembly is mounted on the front end of the telescopic guide rod (7) via a bearing seat (9), and a radial fine-tuning structure is provided between the bearing seat (9) and the telescopic guide rod (7).

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