Spindle quick tool changer structure

Abstract

The utility model relates to lathe spindle field discloses a quick tool changing structure of main shaft, including main shaft, fixed nut, positioning screw, tool assembly and locking screw, the main shaft is connected with fixed nut thread, the tool assembly is by taper shank, chuck, locking nut and tool handle preassembly and is composed, the main shaft front end is equipped with inner taper surface, the main shaft circumferential surface is provided with outer thread surface, the fixed nut is connected with the outer thread surface of main shaft thread through internal thread, the fixed nut side wall is along radial respectively and is equipped with positioning hole and locking hole, the positioning hole and locking hole all are with fixed nut inside intercommunication. In the utility model, through preassembling the tool on the taper shank through the chuck and locking nut, form an independent tool assembly, this operation can prearrange, can preassemble multiple groups of spare, only need to tighten or loosen a locking screw when changing tool can be completed, and the operation is simple, rapid, shortens the tool changing time.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of machine tool spindles, and in particular to a spindle quick tool change structure. Background Technology

[0002] In modern machining processes, the spindle is a core component, and the efficiency of tool installation and replacement directly affects the overall machining efficiency. This is especially true in CNC machine tools, drilling and milling machines, and other equipment with limited space or compact structures that require frequent tool changes. Due to space constraints, automatic tool changers cannot be used, and manual tool changing is still necessary.

[0003] Traditional manual tool changing methods typically employ threaded locking or lever-type clamping structures, which involve cumbersome operation steps. Tool changing requires tightening multiple nuts or using special tools, resulting in numerous steps, long operation time, and impacting machining efficiency and production cycle time. Furthermore, traditional structures are prone to axial displacement or poor tapered surface fit during the locking process, leading to a decrease in tool positioning accuracy and consequently affecting machining quality. Utility Model Content

[0004] To overcome the above shortcomings, this utility model provides a spindle quick tool change structure, which aims to improve the problem in the prior art that "multiple nuts need to be turned or special tools need to be used when changing tools, resulting in many operation steps and long time consumption".

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: a spindle quick tool change structure, including a spindle, a fixing nut, a positioning screw, a tool assembly, and a locking screw. The spindle is threadedly connected to the fixing nut, and the tool assembly is composed of a taper shank, a collet, a locking nut, and a pre-assembled tool holder.

[0006] As a further description of the above technical solution:

[0007] The front end of the spindle is provided with an inner conical surface, and the circumferential surface of the spindle is provided with an external thread surface. The fixing nut is threaded to the external thread surface of the spindle through the internal thread. The side wall of the fixing nut is provided with a positioning hole and a locking hole through the radial direction. The positioning hole and the locking hole are both connected to the inside of the fixing nut. The positioning screw is threaded into the positioning hole of the fixing nut. The inner side of the positioning screw is integrally formed with a rectangular protruding end, which is adapted to the rectangular positioning groove of the tapered shank.

[0008] As a further description of the above technical solution:

[0009] The right side of the cone handle is provided with a vertebral body that fits against the inner cone surface of the main shaft. A circular conical annular groove is provided in the middle of the cone handle. The central axis of the circular conical annular groove coincides with the central axis of the vertebral body. A rectangular positioning groove extending axially is provided on the side wall of the cone handle. The rectangular positioning groove cooperates with the rectangular protruding end of the positioning screw. A blind hole is provided on the left side of the cone handle.

[0010] As a further description of the above technical solution:

[0011] The right side of the outer wall of the chuck fits against the inner wall of the blind hole, and the left side of the outer wall of the chuck is provided with an outer conical inclined surface. The chuck has an axially extending inner hole inside, and the inner hole of the chuck is interference-fitted with the shank of the tool holder.

[0012] As a further description of the above technical solution:

[0013] The locking nut is threaded to the outer periphery of the front end of the tapered shank. The inner wall of the left side of the locking nut is provided with an inner tapered slope. The inner tapered slope cooperates with the outer tapered slope of the chuck. The chuck is made of elastic material.

[0014] As a further description of the above technical solution:

[0015] The locking screw is threaded into the locking hole of the fixing nut. The inner end of the locking screw has an integrally formed conical protrusion. The conical protrusion is adapted to the circular conical groove of the cone shank. The axis of the locking screw is eccentric to the axis of the cone shank.

[0016] This utility model has the following beneficial effects:

[0017] 1. In this utility model, the cutting tool is pre-assembled on the taper shank through the collet and locking nut to form an independent cutting tool assembly. This operation can be performed in advance, and multiple sets can be pre-assembled for backup. When changing the tool, only one locking screw needs to be tightened or loosened. The operation is simple and quick, shortening the tool changing time. In machining situations where space is limited and frequent tool changes are required, production efficiency can be improved.

[0018] 2. In this utility model, by installing the pre-installed tool assembly into the spindle along the axial direction, the flat square part of the positioning screw will slide into the rectangular positioning groove of the taper shank, ensuring the correct angular position. By tightening the locking screw, the taper surface will generate a horizontal component force, which will pull the taper shank axially, achieving a tight fit and locking force between the taper surfaces, thus improving the rigidity and stability during the machining process. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the overall device in this utility model;

[0020] Figure 2This is a three-dimensional sectional view of the split structure of the main shaft and the fixing nut in this utility model;

[0021] Figure 3 This is a three-dimensional disassembled cross-sectional view of the cone shank, chuck, and locking nut in this utility model;

[0022] Figure 4 This is a three-dimensional sectional view of the disassembled structure of the tapered shank, chuck, and tool holder in this utility model.

[0023] Figure 5 This is a cross-sectional structural diagram of the overall device in this utility model.

[0024] Legend:

[0025] 1. Spindle; 11. Inner conical surface; 12. Outer threaded surface; 2. Fixing nut; 21. Locating hole; 22. Locking hole; 3. Locating screw; 31. Rectangular protruding end; 100. Tool assembly; 4. Taper shank; 41. Circular tapered annular groove; 42. Rectangular locating groove; 43. Conical body; 44. Blind hole; 5. Chuck; 51. Outer tapered bevel; 6. Locking nut; 61. Inner tapered bevel; 7. Tool holder; 8. Locking screw; 81. Conical protrusion. Detailed Implementation

[0026] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0027] Reference Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 5 The present invention provides an embodiment of a quick-change spindle structure, comprising a spindle 1, a fixing nut 2, a positioning screw 3, a tool assembly 100, and a locking screw 8. The spindle 1 is threadedly connected to the fixing nut 2, and the tool assembly 100 is pre-assembled from a taper shank 4, a collet 5, a locking nut 6, and a tool holder 7.

[0028] Reference Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 5The spindle 1 has an inner conical surface 11 at its front end and an outer threaded surface 12 on its circumferential surface. The fixing nut 2 is threaded to the outer threaded surface 12 of the spindle 1 through its internal thread. The side wall of the fixing nut 2 has a positioning hole 21 and a locking hole 22 that are radially through it. Both the positioning hole 21 and the locking hole 22 are connected to the inside of the fixing nut 2. The positioning screw 3 is threaded into the positioning hole 21 of the fixing nut 2. The inner side of the positioning screw 3 has an integrally formed rectangular protruding end 31. The rectangular protruding end 31 is adapted to the rectangular positioning groove 42 of the taper shank 4 to realize the angular positioning of the tool assembly 100.

[0029] Reference Figure 3 - Figure 5 The right side of the taper shank 4 is provided with a conical part 43 that fits against the inner conical surface 11 of the spindle 1. A circular conical annular groove 41 is provided in the middle of the taper shank 4. The central axis of the circular conical annular groove 41 coincides with the central axis of the conical part 43 and is used to cooperate with the conical protrusion 81 of the locking screw 8. A rectangular positioning groove 42 extending axially is provided on the side wall of the taper shank 4. The rectangular positioning groove 42 cooperates with the rectangular protruding end 31 of the positioning screw 3. A blind hole 44 is provided on the left side of the taper shank 4 for assembling the chuck 5.

[0030] Reference Figure 2 - Figure 5 The right side of the outer wall of the collet 5 is in contact with the inner wall of the blind hole 44. An outer conical inclined surface 51 is provided on the left side of the outer wall of the collet 5. An axially extending inner hole is provided inside the collet 5. The inner hole of the collet 5 is interference-fitted with the shank of the tool holder 7 for clamping and fixing the tool holder 7.

[0031] Reference Figure 2 - Figure 4 The locking nut 6 is threaded to the outer periphery of the front end of the tapered shank 4. The inner wall of the left side of the locking nut 6 is provided with an inner tapered slope 61. The inner tapered slope 61 cooperates with the outer tapered slope 51 of the collet 5. The collet 5 is made of elastic material. Tightening the locking nut 6 can cause the collet 5 to retract radially inward, thereby firmly clamping the tool holder 7 in the inner hole of the collet 5.

[0032] Reference Figure 2 - Figure 4 The locking screw 8 is threaded into the locking hole 22 of the fixing nut 2. The inner end of the locking screw 8 has an integrally formed conical protrusion 81, which is adapted to the circular conical annular groove 41 of the taper shank 4. There is an eccentricity between the axis of the locking screw 8 and the axis of the taper shank 4, which is in the range of 0.1mm to 0.5mm. When the locking screw 8 is tightened, the cooperation between its conical protrusion 81 and the circular conical annular groove 41 generates a horizontal component force, which drives the taper shank 4 to press to the right in the axial direction, so that the cone part 43 of the taper shank 4 is tightly fitted with the inner conical surface 11 of the spindle 1, thus completing the quick locking and replacement of the tool holder 7.

[0033] Working principle: When in use, first complete the pre-assembly of the tool assembly 100 in advance, insert the tool holder 7 into the inner hole of the collet 5, put the collet 5 into the blind hole 44 of the tapered shank 4, and then tighten the locking nut 6. The inner tapered inclined surface 61 on its inner side squeezes the outer tapered inclined surface 51 of the collet 5, so that the collet 5 radially contracts and firmly clamps the tool holder 7. Multiple sets of tool assemblies 100 of different specifications can be pre-assembled for use.

[0034] During tool changing, by loosening the locking screw 8, the axial constraint of the taper shank 4 is released, allowing the old tool assembly 100 to be directly pulled out. Then, the new tool assembly 100 is inserted into the spindle 1 axially. During this process, the rectangular protruding end 31 of the positioning screw 3 slides into the rectangular positioning groove 42 of the taper shank 4, achieving precise angular positioning of the tool. Subsequently, the locking screw 8 is tightened, and its conical protrusion 81 engages with the circular conical annular groove 41 of the taper shank 4. Due to the eccentricity of 0.1mm to 0.5mm between the two, a horizontal component force is generated during tightening, causing the taper shank 4 to press to the right axially, so that the conical part 43 of the taper shank 4 fits tightly against the inner conical surface 11 of the spindle 1, completing the axial and secure locking of the tool.

[0035] Finally, it should be noted that the above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present utility model and is not intended to limit the present utility model. Although the present utility model has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present utility model should be included within the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A quick-change spindle tool structure, characterized in that: It includes a spindle (1), a fixing nut (2), a positioning screw (3), a tool assembly (100), and a locking screw (8). The spindle (1) is threadedly connected to the fixing nut (2). The tool assembly (100) is pre-assembled from a taper shank (4), a collet (5), a locking nut (6), and a tool holder (7).

2. The spindle quick tool change structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The front end of the spindle (1) is provided with an inner conical surface (11), and the circumferential surface of the spindle (1) is provided with an external thread surface (12). The fixing nut (2) is threadedly connected to the external thread surface (12) of the spindle (1) through the internal thread. The side wall of the fixing nut (2) is provided with a positioning hole (21) and a locking hole (22) respectively through the radial direction. The positioning hole (21) and the locking hole (22) are both connected to the inside of the fixing nut (2). The positioning screw (3) is threadedly connected to the positioning hole (21) of the fixing nut (2). The inner side of the positioning screw (3) is integrally formed with a rectangular protruding end (31). The rectangular protruding end (31) is adapted to the rectangular positioning groove (42) of the tapered shank (4).

3. The spindle quick tool change structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The right side of the cone handle (4) is provided with a cone body (43) that fits against the inner cone surface (11) of the main shaft (1). A circular cone annular groove (41) is provided in the middle of the cone handle (4). The central axis of the circular cone annular groove (41) coincides with the central axis of the cone body (43). A rectangular positioning groove (42) extending axially is provided on the side wall of the cone handle (4). The rectangular positioning groove (42) cooperates with the rectangular protruding end (31) of the positioning screw (3). A blind hole (44) is provided on the left side of the cone handle (4).

4. The spindle quick tool change structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The right side of the outer wall of the chuck (5) is in contact with the inner wall of the blind hole (44), and the left side of the outer wall of the chuck (5) is provided with an outer conical inclined surface (51). The chuck (5) has an axially extending inner hole inside, and the inner hole of the chuck (5) is interference-fitted with the shank of the tool holder (7).

5. The spindle quick tool change structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The locking nut (6) is threaded to the outer periphery of the front end of the tapered shank (4). The inner wall of the left side of the locking nut (6) is provided with an inner tapered slope (61). The inner tapered slope (61) cooperates with the outer tapered slope (51) of the chuck (5). The chuck (5) is made of elastic material.

6. The spindle quick tool change structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The locking screw (8) is threaded into the locking hole (22) of the fixing nut (2). The inner end of the locking screw (8) is integrally formed with a conical protrusion (81). The conical protrusion (81) is adapted to the circular conical annular groove (41) of the conical shank (4). The axis of the locking screw (8) is eccentric to the axis of the conical shank (4).

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