Multi-axis rotary magazine automatic exchange worktable

Abstract

The utility model relates to a kind of multi-shaft automatic exchange workbench with rotary material store, including pre-adjustment loading and unloading station, CNC processing equipment, material store, exchange tray, and the ground rail conveying mechanism between pre-adjustment loading and unloading station, CNC processing equipment and material store conveying exchange tray, pre-adjustment loading and unloading station, CNC processing equipment respectively are equipped with tray positioning table, pre-adjustment loading and unloading station is equipped with leveling guide rail and the calibration component sliding along leveling guide rail, tray positioning table is equipped with guide plate, the bottom both sides of exchange tray are equipped with the guide buckle of the side of guide plate sliding cooperation, form the guide slot for guide plate insertion, tray positioning table is equipped with tray locking mechanism, ground rail conveying mechanism includes the conveying ground rail between pre-adjustment loading and unloading station and CNC processing equipment and the rotary conveying platform moving back and forth along conveying ground rail, rotary conveying platform is equipped with handling mechanism of handling exchange tray and the rotary drive mechanism of driving handling mechanism rotation on horizontal plane.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of CNC machining equipment technology, specifically to a multi-axis automatic exchange worktable with a rotary material magazine. Background Technology

[0002] In the field of machining, especially in the processing of heavy workpieces, traditional workpiece loading, unloading, and processing procedures have significant limitations. Currently, most CNC machining equipment adopts a serial mode of "machining-waiting-loading," meaning that after the machine tool completes the machining of a workpiece, it needs to stop and wait for manual unloading of the finished product and clamping of the workpiece to be processed. During this process, the machine tool is idle for a long time, resulting in low equipment utilization.

[0003] Therefore, in the current field of heavy workpiece processing, there is an urgent need for a technical solution that can build a closed-loop system of "preparation-processing-buffering". By realizing the automated transfer and coordination of workpieces in the pre-adjustment, processing and storage stages, the pre-adjustment stage is transferred outside the CNC machining equipment, so that the processing, pre-adjustment and loading and unloading times are parallel, fundamentally reducing the waiting time of CNC machining equipment, while ensuring the safety of pre-adjustment and the flexibility of storage, and finally breaking through the efficiency bottleneck of the traditional mode and improving the overall production efficiency. Utility Model Content

[0004] To address the technical problems in the existing technology, this utility model provides a technical solution for an automatic exchange worktable with a multi-axis rotary material hopper, constructing a "preparation-processing-buffering" closed-loop system. By pre-adjusting and transferring the workpiece outside the CNC machining equipment, automatic feeding and flexible storage are achieved, enabling parallel processing, pre-adjustment, and loading / unloading. This fundamentally reduces the waiting time of the CNC machining equipment and improves overall production efficiency and operational safety.

[0005] An automatic exchange workbench with a multi-axis rotary hopper includes a pre-adjustment loading / unloading station, a CNC machining equipment, a hopper, exchange pallets, and a ground rail conveyor mechanism for transporting the exchange pallets between the pre-adjustment loading / unloading station, the CNC machining equipment, and the hopper. The pre-adjustment loading / unloading station and the CNC machining equipment each have a pallet positioning platform. The pre-adjustment loading / unloading station includes a leveling guide rail and a calibration component that slides along the leveling guide rail. A guide plate is provided on the pallet positioning platform. Guide strips that slide along the sides of the guide plate on both sides of the bottom of the exchange pallet form guide grooves for the guide plate to insert into. A pallet locking mechanism is provided on the pallet positioning platform. The ground rail conveyor mechanism includes a ground rail connecting the pre-adjustment loading / unloading station and the CNC machining equipment, and a rotary conveyor platform that moves back and forth along the ground rail. The rotary conveyor platform has a transport mechanism for handling the exchange pallets and a rotary drive mechanism that drives the transport mechanism to rotate horizontally. The guide strips are L-shaped; when the guide plate on the pallet positioning platform is inserted into the guide groove, the guide strips engage with the bottom edge of the guide plate and slide with it.

[0006] Furthermore, the conveying mechanism includes a conveying base rotatably mounted on a rotary conveying platform and connected to a rotary drive mechanism, and a conveying sliding block. The conveying base is equipped with a conveying guide rail and a conveying sliding motor that drives the conveying sliding block to slide along the conveying guide rail. Parallel conveying uprights are provided on both sides of the top of the conveying sliding block to form a conveying movable groove. A conveying chain is provided within the conveying movable groove, and a follower block is provided on the conveying chain. A hook wheel axle is provided on the follower block, and an arc-shaped hook groove is provided at the bottom of the exchange tray. The follower block moves with the conveying chain and drives the hook wheel axle in and out of the hook groove. When the conveying mechanism feeds material, the follower block rotates with the conveying chain, the hook wheel axle enters the hook groove, hooks the exchange tray, and brings the exchange tray to the conveying upright, causing the exchange tray to slide on the conveying upright as the conveying chain rotates. When the conveying mechanism discharges material, the conveying chain reverses, sending the exchange tray out. After the hook wheel axle exits from the hook groove, the exchange tray is discharged from the conveying mechanism.

[0007] Furthermore, the top outer side of the transport stand is equipped with transport pulleys and transport guide blocks adapted to the guide groove. When the exchange pallet is brought onto the transport stand, the transport pulleys roll in engagement with the bottom of the exchange pallet, and the transport guide blocks insert into the guide groove and slide in engagement with it. The transport pulleys and transport guide blocks on the transport stand allow the exchange pallet to slide smoothly on the transport stand, preventing the exchange pallet from shifting and affecting subsequent loading and unloading operations.

[0008] Furthermore, the pallet locking mechanism includes piston cylinders evenly distributed on the pallet positioning platform and positioning blocks located on the edge of the pallet positioning platform. The pallet positioning platform is also provided with an air pipe interface connected to the piston cylinder. The piston cylinder has a piston rod that slides with it. An end cap with a central opening is fixedly connected to the top of the piston cylinder. A connecting rod that passes through the end cap and is fixedly connected to the guide plate is connected to the top of the piston rod. The bottom edge of the exchange pallet is provided with a positioning cone sleeve corresponding to the positioning block. Specifically, this utility model also includes an air pressure control system connected to the piston cylinder through the air pipe interface. The air pressure control system controls the piston rod to move and drive the guide plate on the pallet positioning platform to rise or fall. More specifically, when loading or unloading on the pallet positioning platform, the piston rod lifts the guide plate to facilitate the alignment and insertion of the guide groove of the exchange pallet with the guide plate or to facilitate the removal of the exchange pallet by the handling mechanism. When the exchange pallet is clamped on the pallet positioning platform, the piston rod drives the guide plate to fall, and the positioning cone sleeve engages with the positioning block to lock the position of the exchange pallet.

[0009] Furthermore, the bottom end of each piston rod passes through the pallet positioning platform and is connected to a lateral movement linkage mechanism. The linkage mechanism includes a linkage block and gear shafts corresponding to each piston rod. A bushing is provided at the bottom of the pallet positioning platform corresponding to each piston rod. The gear shaft is rotatably mounted on the bushing and has an integral linkage gear and transmission gear. The linkage block has linkage teeth that mesh with the linkage gear. The bottom end of the piston rod is connected to a transmission teeth that mesh with the transmission gear. A sliding guide rod is fixedly connected to the bottom of the pallet positioning platform, and a sliding guide sleeve is fixedly connected to the linkage block and slides on and engages with the sliding guide rod. Specifically, the pallet positioning platform has six piston cylinders. The linkage mechanism links the piston rods in each piston cylinder, causing each piston rod to move synchronously, preventing swaying during the lifting and lowering of the guide plate, and improving the stability of the guide plate's lifting and lowering.

[0010] Furthermore, the top surface of the guide plate is equipped with a supporting pulley that rolls with the bottom surface of the exchange tray, and the side of the guide plate is equipped with a guide pulley that rolls with the guide strip. The rolling engagement between the guide plate and the bottom surface of the exchange tray via the supporting pulleys prevents friction between the guide plate and the exchange tray from causing surface wear and affecting assembly accuracy. Simultaneously, the guide pulleys that roll with the guide strip make the insertion installation of the exchange tray smoother, improving work efficiency.

[0011] Furthermore, the material storage compartment is equipped with a material storage turntable and a turntable motor that drives the material storage turntable to rotate. The material storage turntable is equipped with material storage platforms arranged in a circle around its axis. The top two sides of the material storage platforms are equipped with entry pulleys that roll with the bottom of the exchange tray and entry guide blocks that are adapted to the guide groove. The end of the material storage platform is equipped with a material locking cylinder. The extension rod of the material locking cylinder is connected to a material locking pin. The bottom of the exchange tray is equipped with a material locking groove corresponding to the material locking pin.

[0012] Furthermore, automatic cabinet doors are installed at the loading and unloading station, CNC machining equipment, and material storage inlet.

[0013] Furthermore, the exchange tray is equipped with a high-frequency RFID reader / writer chip for storing processing information, and the pre-loading / unloading station is equipped with a high-frequency handheld PDA for inputting processing information into the high-frequency RFID reader / writer chip. The CNC machining equipment is equipped with an identification sensor device for reading the processing information from the high-frequency RFID reader / writer chip. Specifically, the machine tool in the CNC machining equipment has pre-stored relevant processing programs. At the pre-loading / unloading station, when the worker pre-loads the workpiece, they can use the high-frequency handheld PDA to write the current workpiece's processing information, such as part number and processing program code, into the high-frequency RFID reader / writer chip. After the exchange tray is sent into the CNC machining equipment, the identification sensor device reads the processing information from the high-frequency RFID reader / writer chip, and the corresponding processing program is retrieved by the machine tool for processing. At the same time, at the pre-loading / unloading station, the worker can pre-load another exchange tray, enabling parallel processing of workpieces and pre-loading adjustments.

[0014] Furthermore, a safety guard is installed between the pre-loading and unloading station and the CNC machining equipment, surrounding the ground rail conveyor mechanism and fixed to the ground.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows: the ground rail conveyor mechanism transports the rotary conveyor platform back and forth between the pre-adjustment loading and unloading station, CNC machining equipment, and material warehouse, realizing the exchange of pallets among the three, constructing an efficient "preparation-processing-buffering" closed-loop system, realizing the safe pre-adjustment of heavy workpieces outside the CNC machining equipment, automatic loading of CNC machining equipment, and flexible storage in the material warehouse, so that processing and workpiece pre-adjustment and loading and unloading can be carried out in parallel in terms of time, greatly reducing the waiting time of CNC machining equipment and improving the overall production efficiency. Attached Figure Description

[0016] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this utility model or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of this utility model.

[0018] Figure 2 This is another structural schematic diagram of the present invention.

[0019] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the pre-adjustment loading and unloading station in this utility model.

[0020] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the ground rail conveying mechanism in this utility model.

[0021] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the transport mechanism in this utility model.

[0022] Figure 6 for Figure 5 A magnified view of a portion of point A in the middle.

[0023] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the pallet positioning platform in this utility model.

[0024] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the tray locking mechanism in this utility model.

[0025] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the linkage mechanism in this utility model.

[0026] Figure 10 for Figure 9 A magnified view of a section at point B in the middle.

[0027] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the material storage structure in this utility model.

[0028] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the material storage turntable in this utility model.

[0029] Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of the material storage platform in this utility model.

[0030] Figure 14 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the exchange tray in this utility model.

[0031] Among them: pre-adjustment loading and unloading station a, leveling guide rail a1, calibration component a2, CNC machining equipment b; Ground rail conveying mechanism c, conveying ground rail c1, rotary conveying platform c2, rotary drive mechanism c3, safety guard c4; The following components are included: conveying mechanism d, conveying base d1, conveying sliding block d2, conveying guide rail d3, conveying sliding motor d4, conveying upright plate d5, conveying pulley d6, conveying guide block d7, conveying chain d8, follower block d9, and hook wheel axle d10. Pallet positioning platform e, guide plate e1, supporting pulley e2, guide pulley e3; Piston cylinder f1, end cap f2, piston rod f3, connecting rod f4, positioning block f5, air pipe interface f6; Linkage block g1, gear shaft g2, linkage gear g3, transmission gear g4, linkage tooth block g5, transmission tooth block g6, bushing g7, sliding guide rod g8, sliding guide sleeve g9; Material storage h, material storage turntable h1, turntable motor h2, material storage platform h3, material storage pulley h4, material storage guide block h5, material locking cylinder h6, material locking pin h7; Exchange tray i, hook groove i1, guide strip i2, positioning cone sleeve i3, high frequency RFID read / write chip i4, locking groove i5; Automatic cabinet door. Detailed Implementation

[0032] To further illustrate the technical means and effects adopted by this utility model in order to achieve the intended utility model purpose, the following detailed description of the specific implementation methods, structure, features and effects of this utility model is provided in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and preferred embodiments.

[0033] Please see Figure 1-4 An automatic exchange workbench with a multi-axis rotary silo includes a pre-adjustment loading / unloading station a, a CNC machining equipment b, a silo h, an exchange tray i, and a ground rail conveying mechanism c for transporting the exchange tray i between the pre-adjustment loading / unloading station a, the CNC machining equipment b, and the silo h. The pre-adjustment loading / unloading station a and the CNC machining equipment b are each equipped with a tray positioning platform e. The pre-adjustment loading / unloading station a is equipped with a leveling guide rail a1 and a calibration component a2 that slides along the leveling guide rail a1. The tray positioning platform e is equipped with a guide plate e1. The exchange tray i... The bottom of the pallet positioning platform e has guide strips i2 on both sides that slide with the side edge of the guide plate e1 to form a guide groove for the guide plate e1 to be inserted. The pallet positioning platform e is equipped with a pallet locking mechanism. The ground rail conveying mechanism c includes a conveying ground rail c1 connecting the pre-adjustment loading and unloading station a and the CNC machining equipment b, and a rotary conveying platform c2 that moves back and forth along the conveying ground rail c1. The rotary conveying platform c2 is equipped with a handling mechanism d for transporting and exchanging pallets i and a rotary drive mechanism c3 for driving the handling mechanism d to rotate on a horizontal plane. The guide strips i2 are "L" shaped. When the guide plate e1 on the pallet positioning platform e is inserted into the guide groove, the guide strips i2 fasten the bottom edge of the guide plate e1 and slide with it. Specifically, calibration component a2 is a lever-type dial indicator that slides on the leveling guide rail a1. The measuring rod of calibration component a2 contacts the reference surface of the workpiece on the exchange tray i to calibrate the parallelism between the workpiece and the exchange tray i, i.e., to calibrate the loading accuracy of the workpiece. This utility model also includes a control system that is connected to and controls the relevant electrical equipment in the pre-adjustment loading and unloading station a, CNC machining equipment b, material storage h, and ground rail conveying mechanism c. The control system controls the ground rail conveying mechanism c to transport the rotary conveyor platform c2 back and forth between the pre-adjustment loading and unloading station a, CNC machining equipment b, and material storage h to realize the exchange of exchange tray i among the three, and to build an efficient "preparation-processing-buffering" closed-loop system. This enables the safe pre-adjustment of heavy workpieces outside the CNC machining equipment b, automatic loading on the CNC machining equipment b, and flexible storage in the material storage h, so that processing and workpiece pre-adjustment and loading and unloading can be carried out in parallel in terms of time, which greatly reduces the waiting time of the CNC machining equipment b and improves the overall production efficiency.

[0034] In this embodiment, as Figure 5 As shown, the conveying mechanism d includes a conveying base d1 rotatably mounted on a rotary conveying platform c2 and connected to a rotary drive mechanism c3, and a conveying sliding block d2. The conveying base d1 is equipped with a conveying guide rail d3 and a conveying sliding motor d4 that drives the conveying sliding block d2 to slide along the conveying guide rail d3. Parallel conveying uprights d5 are respectively provided on both sides of the top of the conveying sliding block d2 to form a conveying movable groove. A conveying chain d8 is provided in the conveying movable groove, and a follower block d9 is provided on the conveying chain d8. A hook wheel axle d10 is provided on the follower block d9. Figure 13 As shown, the bottom of the exchange tray i is provided with an arc-shaped hook groove i1. The follower block d9 moves with the conveying chain d8 and drives the hook wheel shaft d10 to enter and exit the hook groove i1. When the conveying mechanism d feeds, the follower block d9 rotates with the conveying chain d8, and the hook wheel shaft d10 enters the hook groove i1 to hook the exchange tray i and bring the exchange tray i onto the conveying upright plate d5. The exchange tray i then slides on the conveying upright plate d5 as the conveying chain d8 rotates. When the conveying mechanism d discharges, the conveying chain d8 reverses, and after sending the exchange tray i out, the hook wheel shaft d10 exits from the hook groove i1, thus completing the discharge of the exchange tray i on the conveying mechanism d.

[0035] In this embodiment, as Figure 5 , 6 As shown, a transport pulley d6 and a transport guide block d7 adapted to the guide groove are detected and installed on the top outer side of the transport upright d5. When the exchange pallet i is brought onto the transport upright d5, the transport pulley d6 rolls with the bottom of the exchange pallet i, and the transport guide block d7 inserts into the guide groove and slides with it. The transport pulley d6 and the transport guide block d7 on the transport upright d5 allow the exchange pallet i to slide smoothly on the transport upright d5, preventing the exchange pallet i from shifting and affecting subsequent loading and unloading operations.

[0036] In this embodiment, as Figure 7 , 8As shown, the pallet locking mechanism includes piston cylinders f1 evenly distributed on the pallet positioning platform e and positioning blocks f5 set on the edge of the pallet positioning platform e. The pallet positioning platform e is also provided with an air pipe interface f6 connected to the piston cylinder f1. The piston cylinder f1 is provided with a piston rod f3 that slides with it. An end cap f2 with a central opening is fixedly connected to the top of the piston cylinder f1. The top of the piston rod f3 is connected with a connecting rod f4 that passes through the end cap f2 and is fixedly connected to the guide plate e1. The bottom edge of the exchange pallet i is provided with a positioning cone sleeve i3 corresponding to the positioning block f5. Specifically, this utility model also includes a pneumatic control system connected to the piston cylinder f1 via an air pipe interface f6. This pneumatic control system controls the piston rod f3 to move like a piston, driving the guide plate e1 on the pallet positioning platform e to rise or fall. More specifically, when loading or unloading onto the pallet positioning platform e, the piston rod f3 lifts the guide plate e1, facilitating the alignment and insertion of the guide groove of the exchange pallet i with the guide plate e1, or facilitating the removal of the exchange pallet i by the handling mechanism d. When the exchange pallet i is clamped on the pallet positioning platform e, the piston rod f3 drives the guide plate e1 to fall, and the positioning cone sleeve i3 engages with the positioning block f5, completing the position locking of the exchange pallet i.

[0037] In this embodiment, as Figure 9 , 10 As shown, the bottom end of each piston rod f3 passes through the pallet positioning platform e and is connected to a lateral movement linkage mechanism. The linkage mechanism includes a linkage block g1 and a gear shaft g2 corresponding to each piston rod f3. A bushing g7 is provided at the bottom of the pallet positioning platform e at the corresponding position of each piston rod f3. The gear shaft g2 is rotatably mounted on the bushing g7. The gear shaft g2 is provided with an integral linkage gear g3 and a transmission gear g4. The linkage block g1 is provided with a linkage tooth block g5 that meshes with the linkage gear g3. The bottom end of the piston rod f3 is connected to a transmission tooth block g6 that meshes with the transmission gear g4. A sliding guide rod g8 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the pallet positioning platform e. A sliding guide sleeve g9 is fixedly connected to the linkage block g1, sleeved on the sliding guide rod g8 and slidingly engaged with it. Specifically, the pallet positioning platform e is equipped with six piston cylinders f1. Through a linkage mechanism, the piston rods f3 in each piston cylinder f1 are linked together, so that each piston rod f3 moves synchronously, avoiding swaying during the lifting and lowering of the guide plate e1 and improving the stability of the lifting and lowering of the guide plate e1.

[0038] In this embodiment, as Figure 7As shown, the top surface of the guide plate e1 is provided with a supporting pulley e2 that rolls with the bottom surface of the exchange tray i, and the side of the guide plate e1 is provided with a guide pulley e3 that rolls with the guide strip i2. The guide plate e1 rolls with the bottom surface of the exchange tray i through the supporting pulley e2, avoiding friction between the guide plate e1 and the exchange tray i that would cause wear on its surface and affect the assembly accuracy. At the same time, the guide pulley e3, which rolls with the guide strip i2, makes the insertion installation of the exchange tray i smoother and improves work efficiency.

[0039] In this embodiment, as Figure 11 , 12 As shown, the material storage chamber h is equipped with a material storage turntable h1 and a turntable motor h2 that drives the material storage turntable h1 to rotate. The material storage turntable h1 is equipped with a material storage platform h3 arranged in a circle around its axis. The top two sides of the material storage platform h3 are equipped with a storage pulley h4 that rolls with the bottom of the exchange tray i and a storage guide block h5 that matches the guide groove. The end of the material storage platform h1 is equipped with a locking cylinder h6. The telescopic rod of the locking cylinder h6 is connected to a locking pin h7. The bottom of the exchange tray i is equipped with a locking groove i5 that corresponds to the locking pin h7. Specifically, workpieces can be temporarily stored on storage platforms h3 in the material storage room h by the ground rail conveyor c. The material storage turntable h1 in the material storage room h has four storage platforms h3. The turntable motor h2 drives the storage turntable h1 to rotate, connecting the empty storage platforms h3 with the rotary conveyor platform c2 on the ground rail conveyor c. The rotary conveyor platform c2 then transports the exchange pallet i, loaded with the processed workpieces, to the storage platforms h3 for temporary storage. After the exchange pallet i enters the storage platform h1 of the material storage room h, the guide strip i2 at the bottom of the exchange pallet i cooperates with the entry pulley h4 and entry guide block h5 on the storage platform to guide it. When the exchange pallet i is delivered to the storage platform h3... At the end of the material platform h3, the locking cylinder h6 lifts the locking pin h7 and inserts it into the locking groove i5 at the bottom of the exchange tray i, thus locking the exchange tray i on the storage platform h3. Subsequently, the conveying chain d8 on the conveying mechanism d drives the hook wheel shaft d10 to exit from the hook groove i1 of the exchange tray i, completing the temporary storage action. When the workpiece needs to be removed from the warehouse, the hook wheel shaft d10 on the conveying mechanism d enters the hook groove i1, and the locking cylinder h6 controls the locking pin h7 to retract and leave the locking groove to unlock the exchange tray i. The conveying chain i8 then drives the hook wheel shaft i10 to pull the exchange tray i from the storage platform h3 onto the conveying mechanism d to complete the removal from the warehouse.

[0040] In this embodiment, automatic cabinet doors j are respectively installed at the inlets of the pre-loading and unloading station a, the CNC machining equipment b, and the material storage h. Specifically, the automatic cabinet doors j are controlled by the control system, which can use cylinders or motors to drive the opening and closing of the automatic cabinet doors j. The control system determines the position of the rotary conveyor platform c2 on the ground rail conveyor mechanism c and controls the opening and closing of the automatic cabinet doors j in the corresponding areas.

[0041] In this embodiment, as Figure 13 As shown, the exchange tray i is equipped with a high-frequency RFID read / write chip i4 for storing processing information. A high-frequency handheld PDA is located at the pre-loading station a to input processing information into the high-frequency RFID read / write chip i4. The CNC machining equipment b is equipped with an identification sensor to read the processing information from the high-frequency RFID read / write chip i4. Specifically, the machine tool in the CNC machining equipment b has pre-stored relevant processing programs. At the pre-loading station a, when the worker pre-loads the workpiece, they can use the high-frequency handheld PDA to write the current workpiece's processing information, such as part number and processing program code, into the high-frequency RFID read / write chip i4. After the exchange tray i is sent into the CNC machining equipment b, the identification sensor reads the processing information from the high-frequency RFID read / write chip i4, and the machine tool then retrieves the corresponding processing program to begin processing. Simultaneously, at the pre-loading station a, the worker can pre-load another exchange tray i, enabling parallel processing of the workpiece and pre-loading adjustments.

[0042] In this embodiment, a safety cover c4 is provided between the pre-loading and unloading station a and the CNC machining equipment b, surrounding the ground rail conveyor mechanism c and fixed to the ground. Specifically, the safety cover c4 is provided with several observation windows to facilitate observation of the overall operation of the equipment. The entire workflow is carried out under the protection of the safety cover c4, ensuring the safety of personnel and machines.

[0043] The working principle of this utility model is as follows: 1. Pre-loading preparation (manual operation) At the pre-adjustment loading and unloading station a, the operator clamps the workpiece to be processed onto the exchange tray i. Then, the calibration component a2 is used to pre-adjust and calibrate the workpiece to ensure the parallelism between the workpiece and the tray positioning table e, thus ensuring the quality of subsequent processing. After clamping, the operator writes the processing information into the high-frequency RFID read / write chip i4 on the exchange tray i using a high-frequency handheld PDA. 2. Material loading process After pre-loading is completed, the control system issues a command, the automatic cabinet door j at pre-loading station a opens, the ground rail conveyor c drives the rotary conveyor platform c2 to move to pre-loading station a, the rotary drive mechanism c3 drives the handling mechanism d to turn towards pre-loading station a, the pallet locking mechanism on the pallet positioning platform e lifts the exchange pallet i, and the handling mechanism d begins the material picking action—the handling sliding block d2 on the handling mechanism d extends, and at the same time, the handling chain d8 rotates, driving the follower block d9 to move to the exchange pallet i. The hook wheel axle d10 enters the hook trough i1 as the follower block d9 moves, and brings the exchange pallet i to the handling plate d5 of the handling mechanism d. On the upper part, the conveying sliding block d2 retracts, completing the material picking action; the ground rail conveying mechanism c moves the rotary conveying platform c2 to the CNC machining equipment b, the control system issues a command, the automatic cabinet door j at the CNC machining equipment b opens, the pallet locking mechanism of the pallet positioning table e in the CNC machining equipment b lifts the guide plate e1, the conveying mechanism d starts the material unloading action - the conveying sliding block d2 extends, the conveying chain d8 reverses, and after the exchange pallet i is sent to the pallet positioning table e of the CNC machining equipment b, the hook wheel shaft d10 exits from the hook groove i1, completing the material unloading action. At the same time, the pallet locking mechanism on the pallet positioning table e locks the exchange pallet i. 3. Material feeding and storage process After the workpiece is processed, the transport mechanism d performs the material picking action at the CNC machining equipment b. The ground rail conveyor c can directly transport the processed exchange pallet i to the pre-adjustment loading and unloading station a for unloading, or transport it to the material storage h for temporary storage. After the exchange pallet i enters the storage platform h1 of the material storage h, the guide strip i2 at the bottom of the exchange pallet i cooperates with the storage pulley and storage guide block on the storage platform to guide it. When the exchange pallet is sent to the end of the storage platform, the locking cylinder lifts the locking pin and inserts it into the locking groove at the bottom of the exchange pallet, completing the locking of the exchange pallet on the storage platform. Then, the transport chain on the transport mechanism d drives the hook wheel shaft to exit from the hook groove of the exchange pallet, completing the temporary storage action.

[0044] The beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows: the ground rail conveyor c transports the rotary conveyor platform c2 back and forth between the pre-adjustment loading and unloading station a, the CNC machining equipment b, and the material storage h, realizing the exchange of pallets i among the three, constructing an efficient "preparation-processing-buffering" closed-loop system, realizing the safe pre-adjustment of heavy workpieces outside the CNC machining equipment b, automatic loading on the CNC machining equipment b, and flexible storage in the material storage h, so that processing and workpiece pre-adjustment and loading and unloading can be carried out in parallel in terms of time, greatly reducing the waiting time of the CNC machining equipment b and improving the overall production efficiency.

[0045] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present utility model and is not intended to limit the present utility model in any way. Although the present utility model has been disclosed above with reference to a preferred embodiment, it is not intended to limit the present utility model. Any person skilled in the art can make some modifications or alterations to the above-disclosed technical content to create equivalent embodiments without departing from the scope of the present utility model. Any simple modifications, equivalent changes and alterations made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present utility model without departing from the scope of the present utility model shall still fall within the scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A multi-axis automatic material exchange workbench with a rotary hopper, characterized in that, The system includes a pre-loading and unloading station, CNC machining equipment, a material storage area, and exchange pallets, as well as a ground rail conveying mechanism for transporting exchange pallets between the pre-loading and unloading station, the CNC machining equipment, and the material storage area. The pre-loading and unloading station and the CNC machining equipment are each equipped with a pallet positioning platform. The pre-loading and unloading station is equipped with a leveling guide rail and a calibration component that slides along the leveling guide rail. The pallet positioning platform is equipped with a guide plate. The bottom sides of the exchange pallet are each equipped with a guide buckle that slides with the side of the guide plate to form a guide groove for the guide plate to be inserted. The pallet positioning platform is equipped with a pallet locking mechanism. The ground rail conveying mechanism includes a conveying ground rail connecting the pre-loading and unloading station and the CNC machining equipment, and a rotary conveying platform that moves back and forth along the conveying ground rail. The rotary conveying platform is equipped with a handling mechanism for transporting exchange pallets and a rotary drive mechanism for driving the handling mechanism to rotate on a horizontal plane.

2. The multi-axis automatic material exchange workbench with rotary hopper according to claim 1, characterized in that, The conveying mechanism includes a conveying base rotatably mounted on a rotary conveying platform and connected to a rotary drive mechanism, and a conveying sliding block. The conveying base is equipped with a conveying guide rail and a conveying sliding motor that drives the conveying sliding block to slide along the conveying guide rail. Parallel conveying uprights are provided on both sides of the top of the conveying sliding block to form a conveying movable groove. A conveying chain is provided in the conveying movable groove. A follower block is provided on the conveying chain. A hook wheel axle is provided on the follower block. An arc-shaped hook groove is provided at the bottom of the exchange tray. The follower block moves with the conveying chain and drives the hook wheel axle to enter and exit the hook groove.

3. The multi-axis automatic material exchange workbench with rotary hopper according to claim 2, characterized in that, The top outer side of the transport stand is equipped with transport pulleys and transport guide blocks that are adapted to the guide groove. When the exchange pallet is brought onto the transport stand, the transport pulleys roll in cooperation with the bottom of the exchange pallet, and the transport guide blocks are inserted into the guide groove and slide in cooperation with it.

4. The multi-axis automatic material exchange workbench with rotary hopper according to claim 1, characterized in that, The pallet locking mechanism includes piston cylinders evenly distributed on the pallet positioning platform and positioning blocks set on the edge of the pallet positioning platform. The pallet positioning platform is also provided with an air pipe interface connected to the piston cylinder. The piston cylinder is provided with a piston rod that slides with it. An end cap with a central opening is fixedly connected to the top of the piston cylinder. A connecting rod that passes through the end cap and is fixedly connected to the top of the piston rod is connected to the top of the piston rod. The bottom edge of the exchange pallet is provided with a positioning cone sleeve corresponding to the positioning block.

5. The multi-axis automatic material exchange workbench with rotary hopper according to claim 4, characterized in that, The bottom end of each piston rod passes through the tray positioning platform and is connected to a lateral movement linkage mechanism. The linkage mechanism includes a linkage block and a gear shaft corresponding to each piston rod. A bushing is provided at the bottom of the tray positioning platform at the corresponding position of each piston rod. The gear shaft is rotatably mounted on the bushing. The gear shaft is provided with an integral linkage gear and a transmission gear. The linkage block is provided with a linkage tooth block that meshes with the linkage gear. The bottom end of the piston rod is connected to a transmission tooth block that meshes with the transmission gear. A sliding guide rod is fixedly connected to the bottom of the tray positioning platform. A sliding guide sleeve is fixedly connected to the linkage block and slides with the sliding guide rod.

6. The multi-axis automatic material exchange workbench with rotary hopper according to claim 1, characterized in that, The top surface of the guide plate is provided with a supporting pulley that rolls with the bottom surface of the exchange tray, and the side of the guide plate is provided with a guide pulley that rolls with the guide buckle.

7. The multi-axis automatic material exchange workbench with rotary hopper according to claim 1, characterized in that, The material storage silo is equipped with a material storage turntable and a turntable motor that drives the material storage turntable to rotate. The material storage turntable has material storage platforms arranged in a circle around its axis. The top two sides of the material storage platforms are equipped with inbound pulleys that roll with the bottom of the exchange tray and inbound guide blocks that are adapted to the guide groove. The end of the material storage platform is equipped with a material locking cylinder. The telescopic rod of the material locking cylinder is connected to a material locking pin. The bottom of the exchange tray is equipped with a material locking groove corresponding to the material locking pin.

8. The multi-axis automatic material exchange workbench with rotary hopper according to claim 1, characterized in that, Automatic cabinet doors are installed at the loading and unloading station, CNC machining equipment, and material storage inlet.

9. The multi-axis automatic material exchange workbench with rotary hopper according to claim 1, characterized in that, The exchange tray is equipped with a high-frequency RFID read / write chip for storing processing information. The pre-loading and unloading station is equipped with a high-frequency handheld PDA for inputting processing information into the high-frequency RFID read / write chip. The CNC machining equipment is equipped with an identification sensing device for reading processing information from the high-frequency RFID read / write chip.

10. A multi-axis automatic material exchange workbench with rotary hopper according to any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that, A safety guard is installed between the pre-loading and unloading station and the CNC machining equipment, surrounding the ground rail conveyor mechanism and fixed to the ground.

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