A multi-dimensional adjustable high-efficiency feeding mechanism for shaving shaft parts

Abstract

This utility model relates to a gear shaving processing device for shaft parts, specifically a multi-dimensional adjustable high-efficiency feeding mechanism for gear shaving of shaft parts. It addresses the shortcomings of traditional gear shaving feeding mechanisms, such as poor adaptability, poor positioning stability, long changeover cycles, and poor flexibility in automated production lines. This multi-dimensional adjustable high-efficiency feeding mechanism for gear shaving of shaft parts includes a positioning base plate, a linear guide pair, a hydraulic cylinder drive unit, a three-stage adjustable material support structure, a detection unit, and an elastic floating device. The three-stage adjustable material support structure allows for precise adaptation to shaft workpieces with different geometries and diameters, reducing manufacturing and installation / maintenance costs. The elastic floating device, combined with closed-loop control of the gear sensor, effectively reduces meshing failure rates and equipment failure rates. Furthermore, the integrated modular design simplifies changeover processes, significantly improving production continuity and efficiency, and meeting the needs of flexible gear shaving processing.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to a gear shaving processing device for shaft parts, specifically a multi-dimensional adjustable high-efficiency feeding mechanism for gear shaving of shaft parts. Background Technology

[0002] In the machining of shaft parts, gear shaving is a critical process that typically requires a feeding mechanism to automatically transfer the workpiece from the standby position to the shaving position. As a core component of the gear shaving machine, the feeding mechanism's function is to accurately, stably, and efficiently transport the workpiece to the machining position and ensure precise gear meshing between the workpiece and the cutting tool. The structural rationality and automation level of the feeding mechanism directly affect the production efficiency and machining stability of the gear shaving machine.

[0003] While traditional shaft shaving machines can perform diverse shaft gear machining, the significant differences in the dedicated feeding mechanisms for different products lead to several problems when integrating standalone machines into automated production lines. Firstly, the tooling fixtures on the original feeding mechanism are prone to mechanical interference when changing to different workpieces, failing to meet the requirements of automated production. Secondly, poor workpiece positioning stability during machining can easily cause poor meshing or even equipment failure. Thirdly, the excessive time required for tooling fixture adaptation during production line changeovers severely impacts production continuity and efficiency. Furthermore, the feeding mechanism needs repeated adjustments based on product characteristics, and the coordinate parameters of the robot's workpiece handling also need to be corrected synchronously. This interconnected adjustment mechanism significantly extends the changeover cycle, becoming a key factor restricting the flexible production of automated production lines.

[0004] In existing related technologies, Chinese patent CN204524991U discloses a feeding mechanism for a gear shaving machine. This mechanism uses a linear guide rail, a slider, and a hydraulic cylinder to drive the feeding of the workpiece, and a fixture seat is installed on the slider to support the workpiece. By reducing the number of assembly parts, the structure is simplified and the fitting accuracy between the guide rail and the slider is improved. However, the fixture seat of this mechanism is a fixed structure and cannot be adapted to shaft workpieces of different diameters and geometric structures, resulting in poor adaptability. Chinese patent CN102513868A discloses a rotatable multi-pallet feeding mechanism, which realizes the synchronization of processing and loading / unloading by rotating multiple pallets on the support base, shortening the material change time. However, this mechanism lacks an adaptive buffer structure for workpiece meshing with the teeth, and cannot solve the positioning stability problem during tooth meshing. Moreover, the rotary design is not suitable for high-precision gear shaving processing scenarios.

[0005] In summary, existing shaft-type part shaving and feeding mechanisms still have significant shortcomings in adapting to the processing of various workpieces, improving positioning stability, shortening production changeover cycles, and ensuring flexible operation of production lines. There is an urgent need for a high-efficiency shaft-type part shaving and feeding mechanism with a universal structure, high positioning stability, and guaranteed production continuity and efficiency to meet the needs of efficient and flexible shaving processing. Utility Model Content

[0006] The purpose of this invention is to address the shortcomings of traditional shaft shaving and feeding mechanisms, such as poor adaptability, poor positioning stability, long production changeover cycles, and poor flexibility in automated production lines, and to provide a multi-dimensional adjustable high-efficiency shaft part shaving and feeding mechanism.

[0007] To address the shortcomings of the existing technology, this utility model provides the following technical solution:

[0008] A multi-dimensional adjustable high-efficiency feeding mechanism for shaving shaft parts includes a positioning base plate, a linear guide pair and a hydraulic cylinder drive unit set on the positioning base plate; its special feature is that it includes a three-level adjustable material support structure and a detection unit.

[0009] The linear guide pair includes a linear guide and a slider; the output end of the hydraulic cylinder drive unit is connected to the slider, which is used to drive the slider to reciprocate along the linear guide;

[0010] The three-level adjustable material support structure includes a base plate, two lower support plates that are parallel to each other and perpendicular to the base plate, and two upper support plates that are parallel to each other and perpendicular to the base plate.

[0011] The base plate is fixedly mounted on the slider;

[0012] The bottoms of the two lower support plates are connected to the upper surface of the base plate by a rear-adjustable structure;

[0013] The two upper support plates are connected to the corresponding lower support plates by an adjustable structure that allows for vertical and horizontal movement.

[0014] The upper surfaces of both upper support plates are provided with upward-opening V-shaped grooves, which are used to position the workpiece to be shaved at a position that intersects perpendicularly with the linear guide rail.

[0015] The detection unit is mounted on the positioning base plate and is used to detect the position of the workpiece to be shaved and the slider.

[0016] Furthermore, it also includes an elastic floating device fixedly connected to the bottom of the base plate;

[0017] The elastic floating device is fixedly mounted on the drive slider and is used for adaptive buffering when the workpiece to be shaved meshes with the teeth.

[0018] Furthermore, the elastic floating device includes a positioning connecting plate and a floating plate located above the positioning connecting plate and hinged to the positioning connecting plate on one side; at least one spring is provided between the other side of the positioning connecting plate and the floating plate, and the two ends of the spring 63 are respectively connected to the positioning connecting plate 61 and the floating plate 62.

[0019] The positioning connecting plate is fixedly installed on the slider.

[0020] Furthermore, the hydraulic cylinder drive unit includes a drive cylinder and a cylinder bracket, wherein the drive cylinder is fixedly mounted on the positioning base plate via the cylinder bracket; the piston rod of the drive cylinder is fixedly connected to the slider.

[0021] Furthermore, the detection unit includes at least one standby position sensor, one feed position sensor, and one tooth alignment sensor;

[0022] The standby position sensor is fixedly installed on the positioning base plate and corresponds to the standby position of the workpiece to be shaved. It is used to determine that the workpiece to be shaved is in the standby position by detecting the position of the three-level adjustable material support structure.

[0023] The feeding position sensor is fixedly installed on the positioning base plate and corresponds to the processing position of the workpiece to be shaved. It is used to determine that the workpiece to be shaved is in the standby position by detecting the position of the three-level adjustable material support structure.

[0024] The tooth alignment sensor is fixedly installed on the positioning base plate and corresponds to the tooth meshing position between the workpiece to be shaved and the cutting tool. It is used to detect the position of the workpiece to be shaved and to determine the tooth meshing state between the workpiece to be shaved and the cutting tool in real time.

[0025] Furthermore, the bottom of the two lower support plates is connected to the upper surface of the base plate via two elongated holes arranged parallel to each other on the base plate, and adjusting bolts installed in the elongated holes and respectively connected to the bottom of the two lower support plates, through an adjustable structure.

[0026] The two upper support plates are connected to the corresponding lower support plates via two longitudinal elongated holes, a transverse elongated hole on the corresponding lower support plate, and two adjusting bolts passing through the transverse elongated hole and the two corresponding longitudinal elongated holes, respectively, through an adjustable structure that allows for vertical and horizontal adjustment.

[0027] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this utility model are:

[0028] (1) This utility model can accurately adapt to shaft workpieces with different geometric structures and diameter specifications through a three-level adjustable material support structure, without the need to customize special fixtures for each workpiece, covering the diverse needs of shaft parts for gear shaving, and reducing manufacturing and installation and maintenance costs.

[0029] (2) This utility model uses an elastic floating device in conjunction with a closed-loop control of a tooth sensor to achieve adaptive buffering of tooth meshing, avoiding positioning deviation or mechanical interference caused by rigid collision; the tooth sensor monitors the meshing state in real time, and if a deviation occurs, the spring reset mechanism can automatically lift the tool and finely adjust the angle to re-mesh, forming a closed-loop control, effectively reducing the meshing failure rate and equipment failure rate.

[0030] (3) This utility model simplifies the changeover process through integrated modular design: during changeover, only the left, right, front, back, and up / down position parameters of the three-level adjustable material tray structure need to be adjusted. There is no need to modify the overall structure of the feeding mechanism, nor is there a need to simultaneously correct the pick-up and put-down coordinate parameters of the industrial robot. Compared with the traditional changeover tooling, which takes too long to adapt, this utility model significantly improves production continuity and production efficiency, and can meet the needs of flexible tooth shaving processing. Attached Figure Description

[0031] Figure 1 This is an exploded view of the structure of an embodiment of a multi-dimensional adjustable shaft part shaving and high-efficiency feeding mechanism according to the present invention.

[0032] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an embodiment of a multi-dimensional adjustable shaft part high-efficiency feeding mechanism for tooth shaving when the workpiece to be shaving is in the standby position.

[0033] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structural position of the workpiece to be shaved when it is in operation, according to an embodiment of the multi-dimensional adjustable shaft part high-efficiency feeding mechanism of this utility model.

[0034] The annotations in the attached figures are explained as follows:

[0035] 01-Workpiece to be shaved;

[0036] 1-Positioning base plate;

[0037] 2-Linear guide pair, 21-Linear guide, 22-Slider;

[0038] 3-Hydraulic cylinder drive unit, 31-Drive hydraulic cylinder, 32-Hydraulic cylinder bracket;

[0039] 4-Three-stage adjustable material support structure, 41-bottom plate, 42-lower support plate, 43-upper support plate;

[0040] 5-Detection unit, 51-Standby position sensor, 52-Feed position sensor, 53-Tooth alignment sensor;

[0041] 6-Elastic floating device, 61-Positioning connecting plate, 62-Floating plate, 63-Spring. Detailed Implementation

[0042] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0043] Reference Figure 1 A multi-dimensional adjustable high-efficiency feeding mechanism for shaving shaft parts is characterized by comprising: a positioning base plate 1, a linear guide pair 2, a hydraulic cylinder drive unit 3, a three-stage adjustable material support structure 4, a detection unit 5, and an elastic floating device 6.

[0044] The linear guide pair 2 includes a linear guide 21 and a slider 22. The linear guide 21 is fixedly installed on the positioning base plate 1, and the slider 22 is slidably installed on the linear guide 21.

[0045] The hydraulic cylinder drive unit 3 includes a drive cylinder 31 and a cylinder bracket 32. The drive cylinder 31 is fixedly installed on the positioning base plate 1 through the cylinder bracket 32, and the piston rod of the drive cylinder 31 is fixedly connected to the slider 22.

[0046] The elastic floating device 6 includes a positioning connecting plate 61 and a floating plate 62 located above the positioning connecting plate 61 and hinged to the positioning connecting plate 61 on one side. At least one spring 63 is provided between the other side of the positioning connecting plate 61 and the floating plate 62, and the two ends of the spring 63 are respectively connected to the positioning connecting plate 61 and the floating plate 62.

[0047] The three-stage adjustable material support structure 4 includes a base plate 41, two lower support plates 42 that are parallel to and perpendicular to the base plate 41, and two upper support plates 43 that are parallel to and perpendicular to the base plate 41. The bottoms of the two lower support plates 42 are respectively connected to the upper surface of the base plate 41, and the lower support plates 42 can be adjusted back and forth relative to the base plate 41. The two upper support plates 43 are respectively connected to the corresponding lower support plates 42, and the upper support plates 43 can be adjusted up and down and left and right relative to the lower support plates 42. The upper end face of the two upper support plates 43 is provided with an upward-opening V-shaped groove for positioning the workpiece 01 to be shaved at a position perpendicular to the linear guide rail 21.

[0048] The detection unit 5 includes at least one standby position sensor 51, one feeding position sensor 52, and one tooth alignment sensor 53. The standby position sensor 51 is fixedly mounted on the positioning base plate 1 and corresponds to the standby position of the workpiece 01 to be shaved. It is used to determine that the workpiece 01 is in the standby position by detecting the location of the three-stage adjustable material support structure 4. The feeding position sensor 52 is fixedly mounted on the positioning base plate 1 and corresponds to the processing position of the workpiece 01 to be shaved. It is used to determine that the workpiece 01 is in the standby position by detecting the location of the three-stage adjustable material support structure 4. The tooth alignment sensor 53 is fixedly mounted on the positioning base plate 1 and corresponds to the tooth meshing position between the workpiece 01 and the cutting tool. It is used to detect the position of the workpiece 01 and determine the tooth meshing state between the workpiece 01 and the cutting tool in real time. The standby position sensor 51, the feeding position sensor 52, and the tooth alignment sensor 53 are all electrically connected to an external control device to achieve specific control and positioning of the workpiece 01 to be shaved in the standby position, the processing position, and the tooth meshing state with the cutting tool.

[0049] Reference Figure 2 When the feeding mechanism is in the standby position, the standby position sensor 51 detects that the slider 22 is in place and triggers a signal. The robot then removes the processed workpiece from the V-groove of the three-level adjustable material support structure 4 and puts in the new workpiece 01 to be shaved.

[0050] After the material change is completed, the piston rod of the drive cylinder 31 pushes the slider 22 and the three-stage adjustable material support structure 4 above it to move along the linear guide pair 2 to the processing position.

[0051] Reference Figure 3 When the slider and the three-stage adjustable material support structure 4 above it move to the processing position, the feeding position sensor 52 detects a signal and drives the hydraulic cylinder 31 to stop moving. At the same time, the machine tool tool is triggered to engage with the gear in a low-speed progressive mode.

[0052] The tooth sensor 53 monitors the meshing state between the cutting tool and the workpiece 01 to be shaved in real time. If the meshing is successful, the shaving process will be continuously executed.

[0053] If there is a deviation in the tooth engagement, the elastic floating device 6 will automatically intervene, control the cutter to lift and finely adjust the angle before re-engaging the teeth. The tooth sensor 53 will then detect again, and this process will repeat until the teeth are successfully engaged.

[0054] After the shaving process is completed, the piston rod of the drive cylinder 31 retracts, driving the slider and the three-stage adjustable material support structure 4 above it to return from the processing position to the standby position. When the standby position sensor 51 detects the signal again, the robot repeats the standby material change, and the system enters the next work cycle.

[0055] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of this utility model, and are not intended to limit it. For those skilled in the art, modifications can be made to the specific technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features. However, these modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions protected by this utility model.

Claims

1. A multi-dimensional adjustable high-efficiency feeding mechanism for shaving shaft parts, comprising a positioning base plate (1), and a linear guide pair (2) and a hydraulic cylinder drive unit (3) disposed on the positioning base plate (1); characterized in that: It includes a three-level adjustable material support structure (4) and a detection unit (5); The linear guide pair (2) includes a linear guide (21) and a slider (22); the output end of the hydraulic cylinder drive unit (3) is connected to the slider (22) and is used to drive the slider (22) to move back and forth along the linear guide (21); The three-level adjustable material support structure (4) includes a base plate (41), two lower support plates (42) that are parallel to each other and perpendicular to the base plate (41), and two upper support plates (43) that are parallel to each other and perpendicular to the base plate (41). The base plate (41) is fixedly mounted on the slider (22); The bottoms of the two lower support plates (42) are connected to the upper surface of the base plate (41) by a rear-adjustable structure; The two upper support plates (43) are connected to the corresponding lower support plates (42) by an adjustable structure for vertical and horizontal movement; The upper surfaces of the two upper support plates (43) are provided with V-shaped grooves with upward openings, which are used to position the workpiece (01) to be shaved at a position that intersects perpendicularly with the linear guide rail (21). The detection unit (5) is set on the positioning base plate (1) and is used to detect the position of the workpiece (01) to be shaved and the slider (22).

2. The multi-dimensional adjustable high-efficiency feeding mechanism for shaving teeth of shaft parts according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes an elastic floating device (6) fixedly connected to the bottom plate (41); The elastic floating device (6) is fixedly mounted on the drive slider (22) for adaptive buffering when the workpiece (01) to be shaved engages with the teeth.

3. The multi-dimensional adjustable high-efficiency feeding mechanism for shaving teeth of shaft parts according to claim 2, characterized in that: The elastic floating device (6) includes a positioning connecting plate (61) and a floating plate (62) located above the positioning connecting plate (61) and hinged to the positioning connecting plate (61) on one side; at least one spring (63) is provided between the other side of the positioning connecting plate (61) and the floating plate (62), and the two ends of the spring (63) are respectively connected to the positioning connecting plate (61) and the floating plate (62); The positioning connecting plate (61) is fixedly installed on the slider (22).

4. A multi-dimensional adjustable high-efficiency feeding mechanism for shaving teeth on shaft parts according to claim 1, 2, or 3, characterized in that: The hydraulic cylinder drive unit (3) includes a drive cylinder (31) and a cylinder bracket (32). The drive cylinder (31) is fixedly installed on the positioning base plate (1) through the cylinder bracket (32). The piston rod of the drive cylinder (31) is fixedly connected to the slider (22).

5. The multi-dimensional adjustable high-efficiency feeding mechanism for shaving teeth of shaft parts according to claim 4, characterized in that: The detection unit (5) includes at least one standby position sensor (51), one feeding position sensor (52) and one tooth alignment sensor (53); The standby position sensor (51) is fixedly installed on the positioning base plate (1) and corresponds to the standby position of the workpiece (01) to be shaved. It is used to determine that the workpiece (01) to be shaved is in the standby position by detecting the position of the three-level adjustable material support structure (4). The feeding position sensor (52) is fixedly installed on the positioning base plate (1) and corresponds to the processing position of the workpiece (01) to be shaved. It is used to determine that the workpiece (01) to be shaved is in the standby position by detecting the position of the three-level adjustable material support structure (4). The tooth sensor (53) is fixedly installed on the positioning base plate (1) and corresponds to the tooth meshing position between the workpiece (01) to be shaved and the cutting tool. It is used to detect the position of the workpiece (01) to be shaved and to determine the tooth meshing state between the workpiece (01) to be shaved and the cutting tool in real time.

6. The multi-dimensional adjustable high-efficiency feeding mechanism for shaving shaft parts according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom of the two lower support plates (42) are connected to the upper surface of the base plate (41) through two long holes arranged parallel to each other in the front and back, and adjusting bolts installed in the long holes and respectively connected to the bottom of the two lower support plates (42); The two upper support plates (43) are connected to the corresponding lower support plates (42) by means of two longitudinal elongated holes on them, a transverse elongated hole on the corresponding lower support plate (42), and two adjusting bolts that pass through the transverse elongated hole and the two corresponding longitudinal elongated holes respectively, with adjustable structures for vertical and horizontal movement.

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