An adjustable nozzle type flat sandblasting machine

Abstract

The utility model discloses a kind of adjustable nozzle type plane sand blasting machine, its main body frame is equipped with sand blasting unit, workpiece conveying unit and dust processing unit, sand blasting unit uses multi-angle-multiple spacing adjustable sand blasting nozzle assembly, realize the instant matching of spray range and workpiece width;Workpiece conveying unit is driven by pulley conveying table, and work station positioning is completed using belt pitch, and vacuum adsorption hole of bearing surface is instant clamping, and feeding-positioning-sand blasting-discharging single cycle does not need manual intervention;Dust processing unit uses cyclone dust collector and filter bag dust collector two-stage series connection, and filter bag dust collector is provided with pulse vibration valve on-line dust cleaning, and negative pressure fan is placed in clean gas outlet downstream, and dust-containing gas is discharged after purification, and dust is not leaked outside;Using PLC centralized control, multiple groups of workpiece parameters can be stored, and one-key switching is carried out.The utility model is compact in structure, small in floor space, low in noise, and up to standard in environmental protection, suitable for continuous automatic sand blasting of multiple specifications plane workpiece, significantly improve processing efficiency and surface treatment quality.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of sandblasting equipment technology, and in particular to an adjustable nozzle type flat sandblasting machine suitable for surface treatment of flat workpieces. Background Technology

[0002] A sandblasting machine is a device that uses compressed air as power to create a high-speed jet that propels abrasive materials (copper ore sand, quartz sand, corundum, iron sand, sea sand) onto the surface of the workpiece to be treated. Flat surface sandblasting machines are mainly used for surface treatment of flat workpieces, achieving functions such as removing oxide layers, cleaning stains, and increasing surface roughness.

[0003] Existing equipment generally suffers from the following defects: 1. The nozzle is fixed and the spray angle and coverage range are not adjustable, resulting in poor sandblasting uniformity; 2. Dust collection is only equipped with a single-stage filter bag, which has low efficiency in capturing large dust particles, is prone to clogging, and causes emissions to exceed standards; 3. The automation level of workpiece conveying and positioning is low, and there is a lot of manual intervention, which affects processing efficiency and accuracy.

[0004] Therefore, it is necessary to develop a surface sandblasting machine with a more reasonable structure and more complete functions. Utility Model Content

[0005] The technical problem to be solved by this utility model is to provide an adjustable nozzle type flat sandblasting machine to improve the uniformity of sandblasting of flat workpieces, achieve dust emission standards, improve the level of automation of conveying and positioning, thereby improving the overall performance and processing quality of the flat sandblasting machine.

[0006] The technical solution adopted by this utility model to solve the technical problem is as follows: An adjustable nozzle type flat sandblasting machine includes a main frame, within which a sandblasting unit, a workpiece conveying unit, and a dust treatment unit are arranged. The sandblasting unit is a closed structure with a workpiece inlet and outlet. The sandblasting unit includes a high-pressure air source, a sandblasting tank, and a sandblasting nozzle assembly. The sandblasting nozzle assembly includes multiple sandblasting nozzles arranged along the width direction of the workpiece. The sandblasting nozzles are connected to the main frame via an adjustment mechanism for adjusting the spray angle and the spacing between adjacent nozzles. The workpiece conveying unit includes a conveying track disposed within the main frame and a sliding contact mechanism with the conveying track. The dust treatment unit includes a conveyor table driven by pulleys, a bearing surface on the conveyor table for carrying workpieces, and a pulley positioning mechanism for positioning the conveyor table. The dust treatment unit includes a cyclone dust collector, dust collection pipes, and a bag filter dust collector. The dust collection pipes are distributed around the sandblasting unit, with one end connected to the cyclone dust collector and the other end connected to the bag filter dust collector. A negative pressure fan is installed downstream of the clean air outlet of the bag filter dust collector. The suction inlet of the negative pressure fan is connected to the clean air outlet of the bag filter dust collector to provide negative pressure for the dust treatment unit.

[0007] Furthermore, the filter bag dust collector includes a dust collector housing, an air storage tank, a dust collection filter cartridge, and a pulse vibration valve. The pulse vibration valve is connected to the air storage tank and is used to perform pulse cleaning of the dust collection filter cartridge.

[0008] Furthermore, it also includes an electrical control system, which is a PLC control system electrically connected to the sandblasting unit, the workpiece conveying unit, and the dust treatment unit, and is used to control the sandblasting parameters, the conveying process, and the dust treatment status.

[0009] Furthermore, the spray angle of the blasting nozzle and the spacing between adjacent nozzles can be independently adjusted and locked to adapt to uniform blasting of workpieces of different widths.

[0010] Furthermore, the bearing surface is provided with vacuum adsorption holes, which are connected to a high-pressure gas source through an electrically controlled valve for adsorption and fixation of the workpiece.

[0011] Furthermore, the dust concentration in the gas at the outlet of the filter bag dust collector is ≤10mg / m³ and can be directly discharged indoors.

[0012] The working principle of this utility model is as follows: 1. Closed negative pressure: The sandblasting chamber only has the workpiece inlet and outlet. The downstream negative pressure fan continuously draws air, forming an inward airflow inside the chamber. The dust-laden gas can only enter the two-stage dust collector of cyclone dust collector + filter bag dust collector through the dust removal pipeline. After purification, it is discharged back to the workshop, and there is no dust overflow.

[0013] 2. Adjustable spraying: Multiple sandblasting nozzles rotate via a ball joint and slide along a rail, both of which can be locked independently; the PLC automatically adjusts the nozzle angle and the spacing between adjacent nozzles according to the workpiece width, ensuring that the spray coverage is perfectly matched to the workpiece surface and guaranteeing uniform roughness.

[0014] 3. Integrated conveying and positioning: The conveyor belt pulley drives the conveyor table to reciprocate and uses the belt pitch to stop the workstation. The vacuum adsorption hole is opened and closed instantaneously to complete the single cycle of "loading-positioning-sandblasting-unloading".

[0015] The specific working process of this utility model is as follows: 1. Loading: The workpiece is placed on the conveyor table bearing surface, and the vacuum suction hole automatically extracts air, so the workpiece is sucked tightly; 2. Conveying: The PLC starts the conveyor belt pulley, and the conveyor table enters the sandblasting chamber along the track; the belt pulley positioning mechanism stops after reaching the preset pitch, and the positioning is completed; 3. Sandblasting: The high-pressure air source and sandblasting can are turned on, and compressed air carries the abrasive material through the adjustable nozzle and is ejected at high speed; the nozzle angle and spacing are preset according to the current workpiece width, and the spraying time is controlled by PLC; 4. Dust removal: During sandblasting, the negative pressure fan runs, and the dust-laden airflow passes through the cyclone dust collector (coarse particles), dust collection pipeline, and filter bag dust collector (fine particles) to the clean air outlet for indoor discharge; the pulse vibration valve sprays in reverse at regular intervals, and the dust falls into the dust collection bucket. ⑤ Unloading: After sandblasting ends, the vacuum adsorption hole is shut off, the pulley reverses, and the conveyor table exits the chamber; the workpiece is removed manually or by a robotic arm, and the cycle is completed.

[0016] The machine operates continuously under PLC control. When changing workpiece specifications, simply select the corresponding parameters on the human-machine interface, and the nozzle angle, spacing, and conveying speed will automatically switch without the need for mechanical adjustment.

[0017] The positive and beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows: 1. Adjustable spray range: The nozzle angle and adjacent spacing can be steplessly adjusted and locked, and the spray coverage can be changed in real time according to the width of the workpiece to ensure uniform treatment of the entire surface.

[0018] 2. Dual-stage dust removal with zero leakage: The enclosed sandblasting chamber is combined with a cyclone dust collector and a filter bag dust collector in series. The dust-laden airflow is purified in two stages and then discharged back to the workshop by the downstream negative pressure fan, so that dust does not leak out and environmental protection requirements can be met without the need for an external exhaust chimney.

[0019] 3. Integrated belt conveyor and positioning: The same belt pulley drives the conveyor table back and forth, and also uses the belt pitch to lock the conveyor table in place. Loading, positioning, sandblasting and unloading are completed in one go, reducing manual intervention.

[0020] 4. Vacuum adsorption quick clamping: The bearing surface is evenly distributed with adsorption holes, and the electric control valve is turned on and off instantly. The workpiece can be clamped after being placed, eliminating the need for complex fixtures. When changing models, you only need to switch the adsorption switch.

[0021] 5. Online pulse cleaning: The pulse vibration valve sprays the filter cartridge in reverse at regular intervals, and the dust automatically falls into the dust collection bucket. The cleaning process does not stop the machine, extends the maintenance cycle, and has high efficiency for continuous operation. Attached Figure Description

[0022] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of this utility model; Figure 2 This is a side view of the structure of this utility model; Figure 3 for Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the internal structure of a medium-density filter bag dust collector; Figure 4 for Figure 2 Enlarged schematic diagram at point B (sandblasting nozzle assembly); Figure 5 This is a physical simulation diagram of the present invention (to help understand the structure); In the diagram, 1--conveyor platform, 2--cyclone dust collector, 3--sandblasting tank, 4--vibrating screen, 5--dust collection pipeline, 6--bag filter dust collector, 7--pulse pulley, 8--conveyor track, 9--sandblasting chamber; 61--bag filter dust collector housing, 62--air storage tank, 63--dust collector filter cartridge, 64--pulse vibration valve; 91--sandblasting nozzle assembly. Detailed Implementation

[0023] The present invention will be further explained and described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments: See Figures 1-4 An adjustable nozzle type flat sandblasting machine includes a main frame, within which a sandblasting unit, a workpiece conveying unit, and a dust treatment unit are arranged. The area where the sandblasting unit is located is a closed structure and is equipped with a workpiece inlet and outlet.

[0024] The sandblasting unit includes a high-pressure air source, a sandblasting tank 3, and a sandblasting nozzle assembly 91. The sandblasting nozzle assembly 91 includes multiple sandblasting nozzles arranged along the width direction of the workpiece. The sandblasting nozzles are connected to the main frame through an adjustment mechanism to adjust the spray angle and the spacing between adjacent nozzles.

[0025] The workpiece conveying unit includes a conveying track 8 set in the main frame, a conveying table 1 that slides with the conveying track and is driven by a pulley 7, a bearing surface set on the conveying table for bearing the workpiece, and a pulley positioning mechanism for positioning the conveying table.

[0026] The dust treatment unit includes a cyclone dust collector 2, a dust collection duct 5, and a bag filter dust collector 6. The dust collection duct 5 is distributed around the sandblasting unit. One end of the dust collection duct 5 is connected to the cyclone dust collector 2, and the other end is connected to the bag filter dust collector 6. A negative pressure fan (not shown in the figure) is installed downstream of the clean air outlet of the bag filter dust collector 6. The suction inlet of the negative pressure fan is connected to the clean air outlet of the bag filter dust collector 6 to provide negative pressure for the dust treatment unit.

[0027] The filter bag dust collector includes a dust collector housing 61, an air storage tank 62, a dust collection filter cartridge 63, and a pulse vibration valve 64. The pulse vibration valve 64 is connected to the air storage tank 62 and is used to perform pulse cleaning of the dust collection filter cartridge 63.

[0028] Furthermore, it also includes a PLC control system, which is electrically connected to the sandblasting unit, workpiece conveying unit, and dust treatment unit to control sandblasting parameters, conveying process, and dust treatment status.

[0029] The spray angle of the sandblasting nozzle and the spacing between adjacent nozzles can be adjusted and locked independently to accommodate uniform sandblasting of workpieces of different widths.

[0030] The bearing surface is equipped with vacuum adsorption holes, which are connected to a high-pressure gas source through an electrically controlled valve for adsorption and fixation of the workpiece.

[0031] The dust concentration in the gas at the outlet of the filter bag dust collector 6 is ≤10mg / m³ and can be directly discharged indoors.

[0032] Specific application example 1: A. Overall Layout: The main frame is welded from high-strength steel, providing a stable support structure for the entire equipment. Within the main frame are a workpiece conveying chamber, a sandblasting chamber, and a dust treatment chamber; each chamber has a hinged inspection door at the top, with sealing strips embedded in the door panels to ensure quick restoration to a closed state during routine maintenance.

[0033] B. Sandblasting unit: (1) Adjustment mechanism: Angle adjustment: Each nozzle is equipped with a spherical hinge seat at the tail, and the flange of the hinge seat is fixed to the top plate of the main frame; loosen the locking handle, and the nozzle can rotate arbitrarily within a range of ±30°. After resetting, tighten the handle to position it. Spacing adjustment: Adjacent nozzles are fixed on the same slide rail pair. The slide rail is a linear ball bearing type with T-shaped screws on the side. Push and pull along the width of the workpiece to the desired position and tighten the screws to lock the spacing. (2) Air supply and material supply: High-pressure air enters the top of the sandblasting tank 3 through a pressure reducing valve; an electric ball valve is installed at the sand outlet at the bottom of the tank, and the outlet of the ball valve is connected to the sandblasting nozzle assembly 91 by a wear-resistant polyurethane pipe to ensure that the pipeline moves without leakage during adjustment.

[0034] C. Workpiece conveying unit: (1) Driving and positioning: The conveyor pulley 7 is a synchronous pulley, and the belt tooth pitch meshes with the bottom tooth plate of the conveyor table 1; the PLC controls the pulley rotation angle through the servo motor to achieve a conveyor table stopping accuracy of ≤0.1mm, without the need for additional mechanical stops; (2) Vacuum adsorption: φ2mm vacuum adsorption holes are evenly distributed on the bearing surface, with a hole spacing of 20mm; each hole is connected to a solenoid valve through a manifold, and the solenoid valve is connected to the pressure reducing side of the high-pressure air source. After the workpiece is placed in, the solenoid valve is energized instantaneously, and a negative pressure is established within 0.3s. When it is released, the power is cut off to break the vacuum. The cycle time and conveying action are linked by the PLC.

[0035] D. Dust handling unit: (1) Airflow path: Dust removal pipes 5 are arranged around the sandblasting chamber 9. The dust-laden gas first enters the cyclone dust collector 2 to remove coarse particles, then enters the filter bag dust collector 6 for purification through the dust removal pipes 5, and finally is discharged back to the workshop by the negative pressure fan. (2) Dust removal: The pulse vibration valve 64 is connected to the external clean compressed air main pipe; the PLC triggers a pulse every 60s or when the pressure difference reaches the set value, and releases high-pressure airflow within 0.1s to blow the dust off the surface of the dust collector filter cartridge 63 in the opposite direction. The dust falls freely into the bottom dust collection bucket without stopping the machine.

[0036] E. Electrical Control System: The PLC stores multiple sets of parameters via a touchscreen, corresponding to different workpiece widths, thicknesses, and materials. After selecting the corresponding workpiece parameters, the system automatically completes: ① nozzle angle and spacing adjustment and locking; ② conveying speed and adsorption delay setting; ③ sandblasting pressure and time setting; ④ pulse cleaning cycle setting.

[0037] During sandblasting operation, the air pressure, air volume, and filter cartridge pressure differential are monitored in real time. If the differential is exceeded, an alarm is triggered and the machine is shut down.

[0038] F. Changing type operation: When changing models, the operator only needs to select the new workpiece name on the human-machine interface. The equipment will automatically move the nozzle to the corresponding position and lock it. Then, it can be started with one button to complete the cycle of loading, sandblasting, dust removal and unloading. The whole process does not require manual intervention.

[0039] The above are merely preferred embodiments of this utility model and are not intended to limit the utility model in any way. For those skilled in the art, various modifications, combinations, deletions, or substitutions can be made to the above embodiments without departing from the concept of this utility model, and all such modifications, combinations, deletions, or substitutions fall within the protection scope of this utility model.

Claims

1. An adjustable nozzle type flat sandblasting machine, comprising a main frame, characterized in that: The main frame is equipped with a sandblasting unit, a workpiece conveying unit, and a dust treatment unit. The area where the sandblasting unit is located is a closed structure and is equipped with a workpiece inlet and outlet. The sandblasting unit includes a high-pressure air source, a sandblasting can, and a sandblasting nozzle assembly. The sandblasting nozzle assembly includes multiple sandblasting nozzles arranged along the width direction of the workpiece. The sandblasting nozzles are connected to the main frame through an adjustment mechanism to adjust the spray angle and the spacing between adjacent nozzles. The workpiece conveying unit includes a conveying track set within the main frame, a conveying table that slides with the conveying track and is driven by a pulley, a bearing surface set on the conveying table for bearing the workpiece, and a pulley positioning mechanism for positioning the conveying table. The dust treatment unit includes a cyclone dust collector, dust collection pipes, and a bag filter dust collector. The dust collection pipes are distributed around the sandblasting unit, with one end connected to the cyclone dust collector and the other end connected to the bag filter dust collector. A negative pressure fan is installed downstream of the clean air outlet of the bag filter dust collector, and the suction inlet of the negative pressure fan is connected to the clean air outlet of the bag filter dust collector to provide negative pressure for the dust treatment unit.

2. The adjustable nozzle type flat sandblasting machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The filter bag dust collector includes a dust collector housing, an air storage tank, a dust collection filter cartridge, and a pulse vibration valve. The pulse vibration valve is connected to the air storage tank and is used to perform pulse cleaning of the dust collection filter cartridge.

3. The adjustable nozzle type flat sandblasting machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes an electrical control system, which is a PLC control system that is electrically connected to the sandblasting unit, the workpiece conveying unit, and the dust treatment unit, and is used to control the sandblasting parameters, the conveying process, and the dust treatment status.

4. The adjustable nozzle type flat sandblasting machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The spray angle of the blasting nozzle and the spacing between adjacent nozzles can be independently adjusted and locked to adapt to uniform blasting of workpieces of different widths.

5. The adjustable nozzle type flat sandblasting machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bearing surface is provided with vacuum adsorption holes, which are connected to a high-pressure gas source through an electronically controlled valve for adsorption and fixation of the workpiece.

6. The adjustable nozzle type flat sandblasting machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The dust concentration in the gas at the outlet of the bag filter dust collector is ≤10mg / m³ and can be directly discharged indoors.

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