Adjustable clamping structure device for casting special hardware

Abstract

The utility model discloses a special-shaped hardware casting adjustable clamping structure device, including bearing clamping frame, the inside front end assembly two sliding blocks of bearing clamping frame, two the front end of sliding block all are equipped with hardware clamping plate, the front side upper and lower ends of two sliding blocks all are installed with articulated main arm, the lateral wall upper and lower ends of two hardware clamping plate all are installed with articulated auxiliary arm, articulated main arm and articulated auxiliary arm are articulated, the device core passes through the transmission structure of "threaded rod + internal thread block + connecting frame", can drive both sides sliding block synchronous reverse movement (cooperate the slide bar guiding of bearing clamping frame inside), ensure that both sides hardware clamping plate always symmetrical adjustment, avoid " partial clamping " problem. Compared with manual adjustment, the positioning deviation can be controlled within 0.03mm, and the casting scrap rate caused by inaccurate positioning is reduced significantly.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of clamping structure technology, specifically to an adjustable clamping structure device for casting irregularly shaped hardware parts. Background Technology

[0002] In the field of irregular-shaped hardware casting, workpiece clamping is a core process for ensuring casting accuracy and reducing scrap rates. Adjustable clamping structures for irregular-shaped hardware casting—during the casting process, clamping devices are needed to stably position the irregular-shaped hardware (such as irregular flanges, irregular connectors, etc.) to be processed, preventing dimensional deviations and surface damage caused by workpiece displacement during casting, cooling, or subsequent processing. However, existing clamping technologies still have the following significant drawbacks, making it difficult to meet the industry's demands for efficient and high-precision production:

[0003] Poor versatility and limited adaptability

[0004] Traditional clamping devices for irregularly shaped hardware parts are mostly "one-to-one" adjustable clamping structures designed specifically for workpieces of a particular shape and size. When production demands shift to different types of irregularly shaped parts, the entire clamping device must be replaced. This not only increases equipment procurement costs (the cost of a single set of dedicated clamping devices accounts for approximately 15%-20% of the total investment in casting equipment) but also extends the production changeover cycle (30-60 minutes per changeover), severely hindering the production efficiency of small-batch, multi-variety irregularly shaped parts. Therefore, a new technical solution is needed to address this issue. Utility Model Content

[0005] The purpose of this utility model is to provide an adjustable clamping structure device for casting irregularly shaped hardware parts, so as to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides the following technical solution: an adjustable clamping structure device for casting irregularly shaped hardware parts, comprising a load-bearing clamping frame, wherein two sliders are mounted on the front end of the load-bearing clamping frame, and hardware clamping plates are mounted on the front ends of both sliders; hinged main arms are mounted on the upper and lower ends of the front sides of both sliders, and hinged secondary arms are mounted on the upper and lower ends of the side walls of both hardware clamping plates, wherein the hinged main arms and hinged secondary arms are hinged together; a threaded rod is mounted at the center of the side wall of the load-bearing clamping frame, and an internal threaded block is screwed onto the outside of the threaded rod; connecting frames are mounted on the left and right sides of the end of the internal threaded block, wherein one connecting frame connects to one slider, and the other connecting frame connects to the other slider. Irregular shape adaptation mechanisms are mounted on the inner walls of both hardware clamping plates.

[0007] As a preferred embodiment of the adjustable clamping structure device for casting irregularly shaped hardware parts of this utility model, the rear side wall of the bearing clamping frame is equipped with a bearing main plate, a coupling is equipped at the center of the side wall of the bearing main plate, and a forward and reverse motor is equipped on the rear side wall of the bearing main plate. The end of the threaded rod is connected to the drive end of the forward and reverse motor through the coupling.

[0008] As a preferred embodiment of the adjustable clamping structure device for casting irregularly shaped hardware parts of this utility model, a sliding rod is assembled at the inner front end of the bearing clamping frame, and sliding holes are opened on the side walls of the two sliders, and the sliders are installed on the outside of the sliding rod through the sliding holes.

[0009] As a preferred embodiment of the adjustable clamping structure device for casting irregularly shaped hardware parts according to this utility model, a return spring is assembled between the hinged main arm and the hinged secondary arm.

[0010] As a preferred embodiment of the adjustable clamping structure device for casting irregularly shaped hardware parts of this utility model, the irregularly shaped adaptation mechanism includes an outer plate, a middle plate, and an inner plate. The four corners of the outer plate and the middle plate are hinged to each other, and clamping springs are hinged to the four corners of the other side of the middle plate.

[0011] As a preferred embodiment of the adjustable clamping structure device for casting irregularly shaped hardware parts of this utility model, the other ends of the four clamping springs are hinged to the four corners of one side of the inner plate.

[0012] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this utility model are: the adjustable clamping structure device for casting irregular-shaped hardware parts has a reasonable structural design;

[0013] The core of the device utilizes a transmission structure consisting of a threaded rod, an internal threaded block, and a connecting frame. This structure drives the sliders on both sides to move synchronously in opposite directions (in conjunction with the guide rods within the clamping frame), ensuring that the clamping plates on both sides are always symmetrically adjusted and avoiding "off-center clamping" issues. Compared to manual adjustment, the positioning deviation can be controlled within 0.03mm, significantly reducing the casting scrap rate caused by inaccurate positioning (expected to reduce the scrap rate to below 1%). Simultaneously, the thread pitch design of the threaded rod (with the option to select fine threads as needed) allows for micro-adjustment, meeting the clamping requirements of high-precision irregularly shaped parts (such as irregularly shaped hardware for precision instruments). Attached Figure Description

[0014] Figure 1 This is a front-view three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0015] Figure 2 This is a side view of the three-dimensional structure of the present invention;

[0016] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the irregular shape adaptation component of this utility model;

[0017] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure at point A of this utility model.

[0018] In the diagram: 1. Main support plate; 2. Support clamping frame; 3. Hardware clamping plate; 4. Forward and reverse motor; 5. Coupling; 6. Threaded rod; 7. Internal threaded block; 8. Slide rod; 9. Hinged main arm; 10. Hinged secondary arm; 11. Return spring; 12. Connecting frame; 13. Slider; 14. Sliding hole; 15. Irregular shape adaptation mechanism; 151. Inner plate; 152. Clamping spring; 153. Middle plate; 154. Outer plate. Detailed Implementation

[0019] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0020] Please see Figure 1-4 This utility model provides a technical solution:

[0021] In this technical solution, the adjustable clamping structure device for casting irregularly shaped hardware parts includes a load-bearing clamping frame 2. Two sliders 13 are mounted at the front end of the load-bearing clamping frame 2, and hardware clamping plates 3 are mounted at the front ends of both sliders 13. Hinged main arms 9 are installed at the upper and lower ends of the front sides of the two sliders 13, and hinged secondary arms 10 are installed at the upper and lower ends of the side walls of the two hardware clamping plates 3. The hinged main arms 9 and hinged secondary arms 10 are hinged together. A threaded rod 6 is mounted at the center of the side wall of the load-bearing clamping frame 2. An internal threaded block 7 is screwed onto the outside of the threaded rod 6. Connecting frames 12 are installed on the left and right sides of the end of the internal threaded block 7. One connecting frame 12 connects to one slider 13, and the other connecting frame 12 connects to the other slider 13. Irregular shape adaptation mechanisms 15 are mounted on the inner walls of both hardware clamping plates 3.

[0022] Load-bearing clamping frame 2: Load-bearing clamping frame 2 is typically made of high-strength alloy materials, such as 6061-T6 aluminum alloy or Q345B steel. Taking 6061-T6 aluminum alloy as an example, its yield strength can reach 240MPa, enabling it to withstand significant external forces and ensuring the overall structural stability of the device. The dimensions of the load-bearing clamping frame 2 need to be determined based on the maximum external dimensions of common irregular-shaped hardware parts. Assuming the longest side of a common irregular-shaped part is 300mm, considering operating space and versatility, the effective internal length of the load-bearing clamping frame 2 can be designed to be 500mm, the width 200mm, and the height 150mm.

[0023] Slider 13: Slider 13 is made of a wear-resistant copper alloy, such as ZCuSn10Pb1, with a Brinell hardness of approximately HB180. This effectively reduces friction with the internal guide rails and slide rods 8 of the load-bearing clamping frame 2, extending its service life. The dimensions of slider 13 are adapted to the internal guide rails of the load-bearing clamping frame 2, with a length of 80mm, a width of 50mm, and a height of 40mm. It can slide smoothly inside the load-bearing clamping frame 2 and has a certain load-bearing capacity; each slider can withstand a lateral force of over 500N.

[0024] Hardware clamping plate 3: Hardware clamping plate 3 is made of 45# steel and quenched to increase the surface hardness to HRC40-45, enhancing wear resistance. The dimensions of clamping plate 3 need to be designed according to the common clamping surface size of the hardware to be clamped. The length can be designed to be 150mm, the width 80mm, and the thickness 15mm. The front end face of clamping plate 3 can be designed with a certain curvature or serration to increase the friction and contact area with irregularly shaped hardware, ensuring a firm clamping.

[0025] Hinged main arm 9 and hinged auxiliary arm 10: Both the main arm 9 and the auxiliary arm 10 are made of stainless steel, such as 304 stainless steel, which has good corrosion resistance and strength, with a tensile strength of up to 520MPa. The lengths of the main arm 9 and the auxiliary arm 10 are determined according to the overall adjustment range of the clamping device. The main arm 9 can be 100mm long, and the auxiliary arm 10 can be 80mm long. Both are 20mm wide and 10mm thick. The main arm 9 and the auxiliary arm 10 are hinged by a pin. The pin is made of 40Cr alloy steel, heat-treated to a hardness of HB250-280, ensuring the strength and rotational flexibility of the hinge. The pin diameter is 10mm, and a corresponding cotter pin is used to prevent the pin from falling off.

[0026] Threaded rod 6: Threaded rod 6 is made of 40Cr alloy steel. After heat treatment, its yield strength can reach 785MPa, ensuring that it will not deform under stress during transmission. The diameter of threaded rod 6 is determined according to the required driving force and adjustment accuracy of the device. To achieve a larger driving force and higher adjustment accuracy, a threaded rod with a diameter of 20mm and a trapezoidal thread with a pitch of 5mm can be selected. Compared with ordinary threads, trapezoidal threads have higher transmission efficiency and stronger load-bearing capacity.

[0027] Internal thread block 7: The material of internal thread block 7 matches that of threaded rod 6, also made of 40Cr alloy steel. The internal thread of internal thread block 7 precisely matches the external thread of threaded rod 6 to ensure transmission accuracy. The external dimensions of internal thread block 7 are designed according to the installation requirements of connecting bracket 12, with a length of 60mm, a width of 40mm, and a height of 30mm.

[0028] Connecting frame 12: The connecting frame 12 is made of Q235A steel and formed by welding. One end of the connecting frame 12 is fixed to the internal threaded block 7 by bolts, and the other end is connected to the slider 13 by a pin. High-strength 8.8 grade bolts are used to ensure a firm connection. The pins used are of the same specification as those used for the hinged main arm 9 and the hinged secondary arm 10, with a diameter of 10mm, ensuring reliable connection and flexible rotation. The shape of the connecting frame 12 is designed according to the internal structure of the load-bearing clamping frame 2 and the positional relationship of each component; it is L-shaped, with a horizontal length of 50mm, a vertical length of 40mm, and a thickness of 8mm.

[0029] Irregular Shape Adaptation Mechanism 15: The materials of each component of the irregular shape adaptation mechanism 15 are as follows: the outer plate 154 and the middle plate 153 can be made of aluminum alloy, such as 6063 aluminum alloy, which has good formability and certain strength, making it easy to process into various shapes. The inner plate 151 is made of polyurethane rubber, which has high elasticity, wear resistance, and oil resistance, and can better fit the surface of irregular hardware parts and provide cushioning. The clamping spring 152 is made of stainless steel spring wire, ensuring that it still has good elasticity and corrosion resistance in the high-temperature casting environment. The dimensions of the outer plate 154 and the middle plate 153 are designed according to the inner wall dimensions of the hardware clamping plate 3. The outer plate 154 is 130mm long, 60mm wide, and 5mm thick; the middle plate 153 is 110mm long, 40mm wide, and 4mm thick. The inner plate 151 is slightly smaller than the middle plate 153, with a length of 100mm, a width of 30mm, and a thickness of 8mm. The clamping spring 152 has a length of 20mm, a spring wire diameter of 2mm, a spring outer diameter of 10mm, and a pre-compression of 5mm. The pre-compression force can be adjusted according to actual needs to adapt to irregularly shaped hardware parts with different hardness and shape.

[0030] In some technical solutions, the rear side wall of the bearing clamping frame 2 is equipped with a bearing main board 1, the center of the side wall of the bearing main board 1 is equipped with a coupling 5, the rear side wall of the bearing main board 1 is equipped with a forward and reverse motor 4, and the end of the threaded rod 6 is connected to the drive end of the forward and reverse motor 4 through the coupling 5.

[0031] Main support plate 1: Main support plate 1 is made of Q235B steel plate with a thickness of 15mm to ensure that it can stably support the weight of the forward and reverse motor 4 and related transmission components. The dimensions of main support plate 1 are designed according to the rear side wall dimensions of the support clamping frame 2 and the installation dimensions of the forward and reverse motor 4, with a length of 300mm and a width of 200mm.

[0032] Coupling 5: Coupling 5 is a flexible pin coupling, model HL3, with a nominal torque of 125 N·m and an allowable speed of 4800 r / min. It can effectively compensate for the relative displacement between the two shafts, buffer and reduce vibration, and ensure the smooth transmission of power from the reversible motor 4 to the threaded rod 6. The shaft hole diameter of coupling 5 is determined based on the output shaft diameter of the reversible motor 4 and the diameter of the threaded rod 6. Assuming the output shaft diameter of the reversible motor 4 is 20 mm and the threaded rod 6 diameter is 20 mm, then the shaft hole diameter of coupling 5 is 20 mm.

[0033] Forward / Reverse Motor 4: The forward / reverse motor 4 is selected based on the driving torque and adjustment speed required by the clamping device. Assuming the clamping device needs to complete the maximum adjustment stroke (assuming 200mm) within 10 seconds, and the thread pitch of the threaded rod 6 is 5mm, the motor speed needs to reach 120r / min. Considering a certain margin, a three-phase asynchronous motor with a power of 0.75kW, a rated speed of 1390r / min, and a rated torque of 5.14N・m can be selected. The speed is reduced to a suitable range through a reducer to meet the adjustment requirements of the clamping device. The motor has an IP54 protection rating, which can adapt to the dusty working environment of the foundry workshop.

[0034] In some technical solutions, a sliding rod 8 is installed at the front end of the inner side of the load-bearing clamping frame 2, and sliding holes 14 are opened on the side walls of the two sliders 13. The sliders 13 are installed on the outside of the sliding rod 8 through the sliding holes 14.

[0035] Slide Rod 8: Slide Rod 8 uses a chrome-plated optical shaft made of 45# steel. After heat treatment, the surface is chrome-plated to improve its surface hardness and wear resistance, achieving a hardness of HRC28-32. The diameter of Slide Rod 8 is determined based on the load-bearing capacity and motion stability of slider 13, and is 16mm. Its length is 400mm, matching the internal front end length of the load-bearing clamping frame 2. Both ends of Slide Rod 8 are bolted to the mounting bases at the internal front end of the load-bearing clamping frame 2. The mounting bases are welded from Q235A steel to ensure that Slide Rod 8 is securely installed and does not shift.

[0036] Sliding hole 14: The diameter of the sliding hole 14 on the slider 13 is slightly larger than the diameter of the slide rod 8, with a tolerance fit of H7 / g6. This ensures that the slider 13 can slide smoothly on the slide rod 8 while maintaining a certain degree of coaxiality, preventing the slider from tilting during movement. The length of the sliding hole 14 is 50mm, which matches the width of the slider 13, to increase the contact area between the slider and the slide rod and improve motion stability.

[0037] A return spring 11 is installed between the articulated main arm 9 and the articulated auxiliary arm 10.

[0038] Return spring 11: The return spring 11 is made of stainless steel spring wire, is a compression spring, with an outer diameter of 15mm, a wire diameter of 2.5mm, a free length of 50mm, a working stroke of 20mm, and a maximum working load of 100N. The function of the return spring 11 is to push the hinged main arm 9 and hinged secondary arm 10 back to their initial positions when the clamping device releases the irregularly shaped hardware, thus facilitating the next clamping operation. The two ends of the return spring 11 are fixed to the hinged main arm 9 and hinged secondary arm 10 respectively by hooks or welding, ensuring reliable connection and preventing the spring from falling off during operation.

[0039] In some technical solutions, a return spring 11 is installed between the articulated main arm 9 and the articulated secondary arm 10.

[0040] The hinge between the outer plate 154 and the middle plate 153: The hinges at the four corners of the outer plate 154 and the middle plate 153 use small pins made of 304 stainless steel with a diameter of 6mm, and are fitted with corresponding cotter pins to prevent the pins from falling off. Through this hinge method, the outer plate 154 and the middle plate 153 can rotate relative to each other, with an angle range of ±30° to accommodate different tilt angles on irregularly shaped hardware surfaces. The hinge design must ensure flexible rotation while preventing loosening or deformation under certain external forces.

[0041] The hinge between the clamping spring 152 and the middle plate 153: The hinge between the clamping spring 152 and the middle plate 153 also uses a small pin, with specifications consistent with the hinge pins of the outer plate 154 and the middle plate 153. When the clamping spring 152 is not under force, the angle between it and the middle plate 153 is 45°. When the inner plate 151 is pressed by the surface of the irregularly shaped hardware, the clamping spring 152 can undergo elastic deformation, providing a buffering force, so that the inner plate 151 can better fit the surface of the hardware.

[0042] In some technical solutions, the irregular shape adaptation mechanism includes an outer plate 154, a middle plate 153 and an inner plate 151. The four corners of the outer plate 154 and the middle plate 153 are hinged to each other, and clamping springs 152 are hinged to the four corners of the other side of the middle plate 153.

[0043] In some technical solutions, the other ends of the four clamping springs 152 are hinged to the four corners of one side of the inner plate 151.

[0044] The hinge between the inner plate 151 and the clamping spring 152 is the same as described above, using a 6mm diameter 304 stainless steel pin. Through this connection, the inner plate 151, under the action of the clamping spring 152, can adaptively adjust its position and angle according to the surface contour of the irregularly shaped hardware, achieving flexible clamping of the hardware. The hinge point design between the inner plate 151 and the clamping spring 152 needs to be optimized to ensure that the inner plate 151 is evenly stressed in all directions and stably conforms to the surface of the hardware. In practical applications, different hinge point positions can be simulated using finite element analysis software to determine the optimal design scheme.

[0045] Lubrication System: A lubrication system is required at the contact points between the guide rails inside the load-bearing clamping frame 2, the slide bar 8 and the slider 13, and at all hinge points (such as the hinged main arm 9 and the hinged secondary arm 10, and the hinge points of various components of the irregularly shaped adaptation mechanism). An automatic lubrication device, such as an electric lubrication pump, can be used to periodically inject lubricating oil into each lubrication point. The lubricating oil should be a high-temperature resistant and wear-resistant lithium-based grease, model ZL-3. By setting up a lubrication system, the coefficient of friction between components can be effectively reduced, wear can be reduced, the service life of the device can be extended, and the stability and flexibility of the device operation can be improved.

[0046] Limiting device: To prevent the slider 13 from exceeding its limit position during adjustment, limiting blocks are installed at both ends of the guide rail inside the bearing clamping frame 2. The limiting blocks are made of Q235A steel and are fixed to the ends of the guide rail with bolts. The height of the limiting blocks is slightly higher than the height of the slider 13. When the slider 13 moves to its limit position, it contacts the limiting block, preventing it from moving further and avoiding damage to the device due to over-adjustment. At the same time, limit switches can also be installed at both ends of the threaded rod 6, connected to the control system of the forward and reverse motor 4. When the internal threaded block 7 moves to the limit positions at both ends of the threaded rod 6, the limit switches are triggered, stopping the motor from rotating and further ensuring the safety of the adjustment process.

[0047] Installation and Commissioning: During the overall installation of the device, the installation accuracy of each component must be ensured. For example, the horizontal error of the bearing clamping frame 2 should be controlled within ±0.5mm / m, the straightness error of the slide rod 8 should be controlled within ±0.3mm / m, and the coaxiality error of each hinge point should be controlled within ±0.2mm. After installation, commissioning work should be carried out, including checking whether the connections of each component are firm, whether the movement is smooth, and whether the adjustment accuracy meets the design requirements. The device should be run under no-load for more than 10 cycles to observe its operation, record data such as adjustment time and clamping position deviation, and optimize and adjust the device to ensure its stable and reliable performance.

[0048] Protective Equipment: Considering the working environment of the foundry workshop, a protective cover is installed on the outside of the equipment. The protective cover is made of 1mm thick stainless steel sheet with an IP20 protection rating, effectively preventing splashes, dust, and other contaminants from entering the equipment and damaging components during the casting process. The protective cover is designed for easy opening and closing, facilitating daily maintenance and repair. Warning signs are also placed on the surface of the protective cover to remind operators to pay attention to safety.

[0049] I. Work Process (Taking the Automated Clamping Process as an Example)

[0050] 1. Start-up preparation phase

[0051] Initial state setting: Before the device is powered on, the forward and reverse motor 4 is in the stopped state, the internal thread block 7 is located in the middle position of the thread rod 6, and the sliders 13 on both sides are kept at the initial distance inside the bearing clamping frame 2 under the tension of the return spring 11 (default distance 200mm, suitable for medium-sized irregular parts); the clamping spring 152 of the irregular adaptation mechanism 15 is in the pre-compression state (pre-compression amount 5mm), and the inner plate 151 is kept horizontal, waiting for the workpiece to be placed.

[0052] Workpiece positioning and placement: The operator places the irregularly shaped hardware parts to be cast (such as irregular curved surface connectors) in the central area between the two hardware clamping plates 3, ensuring that the center of gravity of the workpiece is basically aligned with the central axis of the clamping device (the deviation does not exceed 5mm, which can be judged by the positioning scale on the surface of the bearing clamping frame 2).

[0053] System startup: Press the "Start" button on the control panel to power on the control system of the forward and reverse motor 4. At the same time, the lubrication system is started (the electric lubrication pump injects ZL-3 lithium-based grease into the lubrication points such as the slide bar 8 and the hinge point, with an oil injection volume of 0.5mL / point to ensure sufficient lubrication of the moving parts).

[0054] 2. Clamping and Adjustment Stage

[0055] Motor drive and transmission: The control system presets the clamping stroke according to the workpiece size (e.g., if the workpiece width is 150mm, the clamping plate spacing needs to be reduced from 200mm to 150mm, corresponding to the threaded rod 6 needing to rotate 20 times), driving the forward and reverse motor 4 to rotate in the forward direction (the speed is reduced to 120r / min by a reducer). The motor output shaft transmits power to the threaded rod 6 through the HL3 type flexible pin coupling 5 (compensating for the coaxiality deviation of the two shafts ≤0.1mm), making the threaded rod 6 rotate synchronously.

[0056] Synchronous movement of sliders: When the threaded rod 6 rotates, the externally threaded internal thread block 7 moves along the axial direction of the threaded rod (trapezoidal thread transmission efficiency 80%, no slippage). The L-shaped connecting brackets 12 at both ends of the internal thread block 7 synchronously pull the sliders 13 on both sides. The sliders 13 slide along the slide rod 8 through the sliding hole 14 (tolerance fit H7 / g6), ensuring that the sliders 13 on both sides always move symmetrically (synchronous movement error ≤0.03mm), avoiding workpiece misalignment.

[0057] Clamping plate posture adaptive adjustment: As the slider 13 moves towards the center, the hinged main arm 9 at the front end of the slider 13 pushes the hinged secondary arm 10, causing the hardware clamping plate 3 to gradually approach the workpiece. When the irregular shape adaptation mechanism 15 on the inner wall of the clamping plate 3 contacts the workpiece surface, if there are protrusions or curved surfaces on the workpiece surface, the inner plate 151 (made of polyurethane rubber) is first compressed, and the force is transmitted to the middle plate 153 through the clamping springs 152 at the four corners; the middle plate 153 and the outer plate 154 are hinged by a 6mm pin, and can rotate ±30° around the hinge point, thereby causing the inner plate 151 to conform to the contour of the workpiece and form an initial flexible contact.

[0058] 3. Stable clamping phase

[0059] Clamping force control: When the inner plate 151 is fully in contact with the workpiece surface, the clamping spring 152 is further compressed (the compression amount increases to 10-15mm, corresponding to a clamping force of 50-80N, which can be adjusted by motor current feedback - when the current reaches 60% of the rated current of the 0.75kW motor, the clamping force is judged to meet the standard). The control system triggers the motor to stop, the threaded rod 6 stops rotating, and the inner threaded block 7 locks in position, thus achieving stable clamping of the workpiece.

[0060] Auxiliary structure ensures stability: The return spring 11 (maximum working load 100N) between the articulated main arm 9 and the articulated secondary arm 10 is in a slightly stretched state at this time, providing reverse tension to counteract the outward tension that the workpiece may generate; the close cooperation between the slide bar 8 (chrome-plated optical axis) and the slider 13 restricts the radial displacement of the slider 13, ensuring that the clamping plate 3 will not tilt due to the force of the workpiece (tilt degree ≤ 0.1°).

[0061] Casting adaptation state: After clamping, the device remains clamped and cooperates with the casting process (such as pouring and cooling) - the polyurethane rubber material of the inner plate 151 can buffer the vibration during the casting process (reducing the vibration transmission rate by 40%) and prevent the workpiece from shifting; the elasticity of the clamping spring 152 can compensate for the slight shrinkage of the workpiece during cooling (shrinkage amount ≤2mm) and always maintain stable clamping.

[0062] 4. Release and Reset Phase

[0063] Reverse drive of motor: After the casting process is completed, press the "Release" button, and the control system drives the forward and reverse motor 4 to rotate in the opposite direction, the threaded rod 6 to rotate in the opposite direction, the internal threaded block 7 to move to the initial middle position, and the connecting frame 12 pulls the slider 13 to separate to both sides.

[0064] Mechanism reset: When the slider 13 moves to both sides, the reset spring 11 between the hinged main arm 9 and the hinged secondary arm 10 releases tension, pushing the secondary arm 10 to drive the clamping plate 3 to open outward; the clamping spring 152 of the irregular shape adaptation mechanism 15 returns to the pre-compression state, and the inner plate 151 returns to the horizontal initial position; when the slider 13 contacts the limit block (Q235A steel) inside the bearing clamping frame 2, the limit switch triggers the motor to stop, the device returns to the initial state, and the operator can take out the processed workpiece.

[0065] II. Breakdown of Core Working Principles

[0066] 1. Synchronous adjustment principle (solving the "offset" problem)

[0067] Transmission structure logic: The symmetrical transmission design of "single thread rod + double connecting frame" is adopted. The thread rod 6 is a trapezoidal thread (diameter 20mm, pitch 5mm). When rotating, the internal thread block 7 only produces axial displacement and no radial deflection. The length and angle of the connecting frame 12 at both ends of the internal thread block 7 are completely consistent (horizontal section 50mm, vertical section 40mm). When the sliders 13 on both sides are pulled, the moving speed (12mm / s) and displacement of the two sliders are exactly the same, ensuring that the clamping plate 3 moves closer to or away from the workpiece synchronously, avoiding workpiece skewing caused by unilateral movement.

[0068] A guide structure is used to assist the sliding rod 8 (diameter 16mm) and the sliding hole 14 of the slider 13 (tolerance H7 / g6). This restricts the slider 13 to move only along the axis of the sliding rod and prevents it from shifting left or right or tilting up or down, thus further ensuring the accuracy of synchronous adjustment (synchronous error ≤0.03mm).

[0069] 2. Irregular shape adaptation principle (solving the problem of "poor fit")

[0070] Three-level adaptive structure: The irregular shape adaptation mechanism 15 achieves all-round adaptation to irregular contours through a three-level hinge and spring buffer design of "outer plate 154-middle plate 153-inner plate 151".

[0071] First-level adapter (middle plate rotation): The outer plate 154 is fixed on the clamping plate 3, and the middle plate 153 is hinged to the outer plate through four corner pins. It can rotate ±30° around the pins to adapt to large-angle inclinations (such as 30° inclined planes) on the workpiece surface.

[0072] Secondary adapter (spring buffer): The clamping spring 152 (spring wire diameter 2mm) between the middle plate 153 and the inner plate 151 can extend and retract in any direction to compensate for the unevenness of the workpiece surface (maximum compensation amount 10mm).

[0073] Level 3 fit (inner plate fit): The inner plate 151 is made of polyurethane rubber (hardness 60 Shore A), which has good elastic deformation ability and can fit the tiny textures on the surface of the workpiece (such as grooves with a depth of 1mm) to form a "surface contact" clamping, avoiding pressure concentration caused by point contact (contact pressure uniformity is improved by 60%).

[0074] 3. Force control principle (solving the "pinch / loosening" problem)

[0075] Flexible force feedback: The clamping force is controlled by dual feedback of "motor current + spring deformation" - the motor current reflects the load size (the rated current of a 0.75kW motor is 1.5A, and when the rated current is 60% or 0.9A, the corresponding clamping force is 50-80N, which is suitable for the compressive strength of most irregular hardware parts); the deformation of the clamping spring 152 (compression amount 10-15mm) provides flexible buffering. Even if there is a slight deviation in the current control, the spring can absorb the excess force through deformation to avoid damaging the workpiece (the damage rate is reduced to below 1%).

[0076] Reverse tension balance: The return spring 11 (stainless steel material, free length 50mm) is in a stretched state when clamped. Its tension is balanced with the reaction force of the workpiece on the clamping plate 3, preventing the workpiece from shifting outward due to external force (such as the impact force of casting) and avoiding excessive pressure of the workpiece by the clamping plate 3.

[0077] 4. Automation-driven principles (solving the "low efficiency" problem)

[0078] Power transmission chain: forward and reverse motor 4 (0.75kW, 1390r / min) → reducer (reduction ratio 11.6:1, output speed 120r / min) → coupling 5 (compensating for shaft deviation) → threaded rod 6 (converting rotational motion into axial displacement) → internal threaded block 7 + connecting bracket 12 (converting displacement into slider movement). The efficiency of the entire transmission chain is ≥70%, and the maximum adjustment stroke of 200mm can be completed within 10 seconds. Compared with manual adjustment (3-5 minutes), the efficiency is increased by 18-30 times.

[0079] Safety protection logic: The device is equipped with dual protection of "mechanical limit + electronic limit" - the mechanical limit block prevents the slider 13 from overtravel and colliding; the limit switches at both ends of the threaded rod 6 are linked with the motor control system, and the machine stops immediately when overtravel occurs to avoid damage to the transmission components (such as deformation of the threaded rod threads) and ensure long-term stable operation of the device (service life ≥ 5 years).

[0080] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

[0081] Although the present invention has been described above with reference to embodiments, various modifications can be made and components can be replaced with equivalents without departing from the scope of the present invention. In particular, as long as there is no structural conflict, the features in the embodiments disclosed in this invention can be combined with each other in any way. The lack of an exhaustive description of these combinations in this specification is merely for the sake of brevity and resource conservation. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed herein, but includes all technical solutions falling within the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. An adjustable clamping structure device for casting irregularly shaped hardware parts, comprising a load-bearing clamping frame (2), characterized in that, The front end of the bearing clamping frame (2) is equipped with two sliders (13), and the front ends of the two sliders (13) are each equipped with a hardware clamping plate (3). The two sliders (13) are equipped with hinged main arms (9) at the upper and lower ends of their front sides, and the two hardware clamps (3) are equipped with hinged secondary arms (10) at the upper and lower ends of their side walls. The hinged main arms (9) and the hinged secondary arms (10) are hinged together. A threaded rod (6) is assembled at the center of the side wall of the bearing clamping frame (2). An internal threaded block (7) is screwed to the outside of the threaded rod (6). A connecting frame (12) is installed on both the left and right sides of the end of the internal threaded block (7). One side of the connecting frame (12) is connected to the slider (13) on one side, and the other side of the connecting frame (12) is connected to the slider (13) on the other side. The inner walls of both of the aforementioned hardware clamps (3) are equipped with irregular shape adaptation mechanisms (15).

2. The adjustable clamping structure device for casting irregularly shaped hardware parts according to claim 1, characterized in that, The rear side wall of the bearing clamping frame (2) is equipped with a bearing main board (1), and a coupling (5) is installed at the center of the side wall of the bearing main board (1). A forward and reverse motor (4) is installed on the rear side wall of the bearing main board (1), and the end of the threaded rod (6) is connected to the drive end of the forward and reverse motor (4) through the coupling (5).

3. The adjustable clamping structure device for casting irregularly shaped hardware parts according to claim 1, characterized in that, The inner front end of the bearing clamping frame (2) is equipped with a slide rod (8), and the side walls of the two sliders (13) are provided with sliding holes (14). The sliders (13) are installed on the outside of the slide rod (8) through the sliding holes (14).

4. The adjustable clamping structure device for casting irregularly shaped hardware parts according to claim 1, characterized in that, A return spring (11) is fitted between the articulated main arm (9) and the articulated secondary arm (10).

5. The adjustable clamping structure device for casting irregularly shaped hardware parts according to claim 1, characterized in that, The irregular shape adaptation mechanism includes an outer plate (154), a middle plate (153) and an inner plate (151). The four corners of the outer plate (154) and the middle plate (153) are hinged to each other. Clamping springs (152) are hinged to the four corners of the other side of the middle plate (153).

6. The adjustable clamping structure device for casting irregularly shaped hardware parts according to claim 5, characterized in that, The other ends of the four clamping springs (152) are hinged to the four corners of one side of the inner plate (151).

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