A multi-station film laminating machine

Abstract

The utility model relates to a related technical field of film laminating machine especially relates to a multi -station film laminating machine, including base, the upper end of base is provided with automatic stock bin installation platform, the upper end of base is provided with manipulator mounting bracket, the upper end of base is provided with servo hot press mounting bracket, the upper end of base is provided with automatic discharge mechanism mounting bracket, the upper end of base is provided with six -station carousel, and the six -station carousel jig positioning head -wearing tape is combined in the mode such as automatic stock bin pushes the adhesive film, four -axis manipulator takes adhesive film and heats, corrects, and sticks and pre -presses to head -wearing tape, servo hot press automatic decline hot -pressing pressure -retention, and the automatic discharge mechanism takes the finished product and discharges, realizes the automation of head -wearing tape adhesive film, benefits from the characteristics of six -station carousel, takes adhesive film, heats, corrects, sticks and pre -presses, hot -pressing pressure -retention, and automatic discharge and the like processes, and all can simultaneously automatically carry out, saves manual work in multiple production links, reduces the human cost, and improves product yield.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the technical field of film application machines, and in particular to a multi-station film application machine. Background Technology

[0002] In the production process of headwear products, the headwear webbing is often manually placed in a fixture for positioning. Then, an adhesive film is placed in the fixture and precisely aligned with the headwear webbing. Nameplates or other accessories are then attached. The surface of the headwear webbing at the location where the nameplates and accessories are installed must first be covered with an adhesive film. Afterward, the adhesive film and the nameplates and accessories are heated together at high temperature to activate their adhesion. Then, through processes such as cold pressing and pressure holding, the nameplates and accessories are firmly attached to the headwear webbing.

[0003] Traditional production methods require human intervention for each process. Each employee can only perform one process at a time, making it impossible to produce multiple processes simultaneously, resulting in a significant waste of manpower and low production efficiency.

[0004] To address the aforementioned issues, a search revealed a patent with publication number CN217993527U that discloses an adhesive applicator and a self-service film applicator. The patent states that "the arrangement of the first curing component and the second curing component enables the liquid adhesive to be cured twice, thereby making the protective film more stably adhered to the screen of the electronic device and improving the adhesion stability between the protective film and the screen." However, this method relies on the user to manually place the electronic device on the conveying mechanism and requires manual alignment of the device.

[0005] In light of this, in-depth research into the aforementioned issues led to the creation of this case. Utility Model Content

[0006] The purpose of this utility model is to provide a multi-station film applicator to solve the problems mentioned in the background art of the traditional production method where each process requires human supervision, each employee can only perform one process at a time, and multiple processes cannot be produced simultaneously, resulting in a huge waste of manpower and low production efficiency.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides the following technical solution: a multi-station film applicator, comprising a base, an automatic material hopper mounting platform at the upper end of the base, a robotic arm mounting frame at the upper end of the base, a servo hot press mounting frame at the upper end of the base, an automatic discharging mechanism mounting frame at the upper end of the base, a six-station turntable at the upper end of the base, a product positioning fixture fixedly mounted at the upper end of the six-station turntable, a first servo motor at the upper end of the automatic material hopper mounting platform, a first Z-axis module at the right end of the first servo motor, a contouring material hopper fixedly mounted at the upper end of the automatic material hopper mounting platform, a Y-axis module at the lower end of the robotic arm mounting frame, an X-axis module at the lower end of the Y-axis module, and a... The system is equipped with a second Z-axis module, with a first heating rod at the lower end of the second Z-axis module, a first thermocouple at the lower end of the first heating rod, and a heating suction cup at the lower end of the first thermocouple. A third Z-axis module is located at the upper end of the servo hot press mounting frame. A height adjustment block is located at the lower end of the servo hot press mounting frame, with a heat insulation block fixedly installed at the lower end of the height adjustment block. A second heating rod is located at the lower end of the heat insulation block, with a second thermocouple at the lower end of the second heating rod, and a hot press block fixedly installed at the lower end of the second thermocouple. A slide rail is located at the upper end of the automatic discharge mechanism mounting frame, with a lifting cylinder at the front end of the slide rail. A clamp cylinder is fixedly installed at the lower end of the lifting cylinder, and a clamp is fixedly installed at the front end of the clamp cylinder.

[0008] Preferably, the upper end of the six-station turntable is provided with an electrical hybrid slip ring, the upper end of the product positioning fixture is provided with a webbing clamping buckle, the upper end of the product positioning fixture is provided with a positioning photoelectric sensor, and the right end of the product positioning fixture is fixedly installed with a surplus material placement frame.

[0009] Preferably, a thermostatic support cylinder is provided at the lower end of the six-station turntable, a first reducer is provided at the lower end of the six-station turntable, a motor is provided at the right end of the first reducer, a station divider is provided at the lower end of the six-station turntable, and a latch opening cylinder is provided at the lower end of the six-station turntable.

[0010] Preferably, the upper end of the contour hopper is provided with a positioning sensor, the upper end of the automatic hopper mounting platform is provided with a confirmation button, the upper end of the automatic hopper mounting platform is provided with a positioning pin, the lower end of the positioning pin is provided with a quick buckle, and the lower end of the contour hopper is provided with a material presence sensor.

[0011] Preferably, a first fixing bracket is fixedly installed on the upper end of the base, a first supporting profile is provided on the upper end of the base, a negative pressure gauge is provided on the right end of the first supporting profile, and a first temperature controller is provided on the upper end of the negative pressure gauge.

[0012] Preferably, a Y-axis servo motor is provided at the front end of the robotic arm mounting frame, an R-axis servo motor is provided at the lower end of the second Z-axis module, and a first linear bearing is provided at the lower end of the R-axis servo motor.

[0013] Preferably, a first buffer spring is provided at the lower end of the first linear bearing, a heat insulation plate is provided at the lower end of the first thermocouple, and a sealing ring is provided at the lower end of the heat insulation plate.

[0014] Preferably, a support column is fixedly installed on the upper end of the base, a second temperature controller is provided on the upper end of the servo hot press mounting frame, a second servo motor is provided on the upper end of the servo hot press mounting frame, and a second reducer is provided on the upper end of the second servo motor.

[0015] Preferably, a guide rod is provided at the right end of the third Z-axis module, a linear bearing is provided at the lower end of the guide rod, equal-height screws are fixedly installed through both ends of the heat insulation block, and a second buffer spring is fixedly installed at the lower end of the heat insulation block.

[0016] Preferably, the upper end of the base is connected to the second fixed angle bracket by bolts, the upper end of the base is provided with a second support profile, the front end of the slide rail is provided with a synchronous pulley, the outer ring of the synchronous pulley is fitted with a synchronous belt, and the rear end of the synchronous pulley is provided with a stepper motor.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows: This multi-station laminating machine uses a six-station turntable fixture to position the headband webbing, an automatic hopper to push the adhesive film, a four-axis robot to pick up the adhesive film, heat it, correct its deviation, and pre-press it onto the headband webbing, a servo hot press to automatically descend and maintain pressure, and a discharge mechanism to automatically pick up and discharge the finished product. This combination of methods automates the application of adhesive molds to the headband webbing. Thanks to the features of the six-station turntable, processes such as picking up the adhesive film, heating, correcting its deviation, pre-pressing, maintaining pressure, and automatic discharge can all be performed automatically at the same time. This saves labor in multiple production stages, reduces labor costs, improves production efficiency, and increases product yield. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall appearance and structure of the present utility model; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the six-station turntable and station divider of this utility model in cooperation with each other; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the interaction between the positioning sensor and the contour-following hopper of this utility model; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the interaction between the Y-axis servo motor and the Y-axis module of this utility model; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the height adjustment block and the buffer spring working together in this utility model; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the clamp cylinder and the clamp of this utility model.

[0019] In the diagram: 1. Base; 2. Automatic hopper mounting platform; 3. Robot arm mounting frame; 4. Servo hot press mounting frame; 5. Automatic discharge mechanism mounting frame; 6. Six-station turntable; 7. Product positioning fixture; 8. Electrical hybrid slip ring; 9. Webbing clamping buckle; 10. Positioning photoelectric sensor; 11. Excess material placement frame; 12. Hot press support cylinder; 13. First reducer; 14. Motor; 15. Station divider; 16. Buckle opening cylinder; 17. First servo motor; 18. First Z-axis module; 19. Positioning sensor; 20. Contouring hopper; 21. Confirmation button; 22. Positioning pin; 23. Quick buckle; 24. Material sensor; 25. First fixed corner bracket; 26. First support profile; 27. Negative pressure gauge; 28. First temperature controller; 29. ​​Y-axis servo motor; 30. Y-axis module; 31. X-axis module; 32. Second Z-axis module; 33. R-axis servo motor; 34. First linear bearing; 35. First heating rod; 36. First thermocouple; 37. First buffer spring; 38. Heat insulation plate; 39. Sealing ring; 40. Heating suction cup; 41. Support column; 42. Second temperature controller; 43. Second servo motor; 44. Second reducer; 45. Third Z-axis module; 46. Guide rod; 47. Second linear bearing; 48. Height adjustment block; 49. Heat insulation block; 50. Height equalizing screw; 51. Second buffer spring; 52. Second heating rod; 53. Second thermocouple; 54. Hot pressing block; 55. Second fixed angle bracket; 56. Second support profile; 57. Slide rail; 58. Synchronous pulley; 59. Synchronous belt; 60. Stepper motor; 61. Lifting cylinder; 62. Clamp cylinder; 63. Clamp. Detailed Implementation

[0020] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0021] Please see Figure 1-6This utility model provides a technical solution: a multi-station film applicator, including a base 1, an automatic material hopper mounting platform 2 at the upper end of the base 1, a robot arm mounting frame 3 at the upper end of the base 1, a servo hot press mounting frame 4 at the upper end of the base 1, an automatic discharging mechanism mounting frame 5 at the upper end of the base 1, a six-station turntable 6 at the upper end of the base 1, a product positioning fixture 7 fixedly mounted on the upper end of the six-station turntable 6, a first servo motor 17 at the upper end of the automatic material hopper mounting platform 2, a first Z-axis module 18 at the right end of the first servo motor 17, a contouring material hopper 20 fixedly mounted on the upper end of the automatic material hopper mounting platform 2, a Y-axis module 30 at the lower end of the robot arm mounting frame 3, an X-axis module 31 at the lower end of the Y-axis module 30, and a second Z-axis module 32 at the lower end of the Y-axis module 30. The lower end of the second Z-axis module 32 is provided with a first heating rod 35, the lower end of the first heating rod 35 is provided with a first thermocouple 36, the lower end of the first thermocouple 36 is provided with a heating suction cup 40, the upper end of the servo hot press mounting frame 4 is provided with a third Z-axis module 45, the lower end of the servo hot press mounting frame 4 is provided with a height adjustment block 48, the lower end of the height adjustment block 48 is fixedly installed with a heat insulation block 49, the lower end of the heat insulation block 49 is provided with a second heating rod 52, the lower end of the second heating rod 52 is provided with a second thermocouple 53, the lower end of the second thermocouple 53 is fixedly installed with a hot press block 54, the upper end of the automatic discharge mechanism mounting frame 5 is provided with a slide rail 57, the front end of the slide rail 57 is provided with a lifting cylinder 61, the lower end of the lifting cylinder 61 is fixedly installed with a clamp cylinder 62, and the front end of the clamp cylinder 62 is fixedly installed with a clamp 63.

[0022] Furthermore, an electrical hybrid slip ring 8 is provided at the upper end of the six-station turntable 6, a webbing clamping buckle 9 is provided at the upper end of the product positioning fixture 7, a positioning photoelectric sensor 10 is provided at the upper end of the product positioning fixture 7, and a scrap material placement frame 11 is fixedly installed at the right end of the product positioning fixture 7. By setting up the scrap material placement frame 11, production scraps such as adhesive film and release paper can be collected in a centralized manner, avoiding waste materials from scattering and contaminating equipment or workpieces, and facilitating subsequent unified treatment to maintain a clean production site.

[0023] Furthermore, a hot-press support cylinder 12 is provided at the lower end of the six-station turntable 6, a first reducer 13 is provided at the lower end of the six-station turntable 6, a motor 14 is provided at the right end of the first reducer 13, a station divider 15 is provided at the lower end of the six-station turntable 6, and a buckle opening cylinder 16 is provided at the lower end of the six-station turntable 6. By setting the buckle opening cylinder 16, the webbing pressing buckle 9 can be automatically driven to open and close without manual operation, which not only improves the convenience and efficiency of feeding, but also ensures the consistency of webbing positioning.

[0024] Furthermore, a positioning sensor 19 is provided at the upper end of the contouring hopper 20, a confirmation button 21 is provided at the upper end of the automatic hopper mounting platform 2, a positioning pin 22 is provided at the upper end of the automatic hopper mounting platform 2, a quick buckle 23 is provided at the lower end of the positioning pin 22, and a material sensor 24 is provided at the lower end of the contouring hopper 20. By setting the material sensor 24, the remaining amount of adhesive film in the contouring hopper 20 can be monitored in real time.

[0025] Furthermore, a first fixing bracket 25 is fixedly installed on the upper end of the base 1, a first supporting profile 26 is provided on the upper end of the base 1, a negative pressure gauge 27 is provided on the right end of the first supporting profile 26, and a first temperature controller 28 is provided on the upper end of the negative pressure gauge 27. By setting the negative pressure gauge 27, the negative pressure status of the heating suction cup 40 can be monitored in real time to ensure that the adhesive film adsorption force is stable within a reasonable range.

[0026] Furthermore, a Y-axis servo motor 29 is provided at the front end of the robotic arm mounting frame 3, and an R-axis servo motor 33 is provided at the lower end of the second Z-axis module 32. A first linear bearing 34 is provided at the lower end of the R-axis servo motor 33. Through the setting of the R-axis servo motor 33, the heating suction cup 40 can be driven to rotate at a precise angle to achieve dynamic correction before adhesive film bonding.

[0027] Furthermore, a first buffer spring 37 is provided at the lower end of the first linear bearing 34, a heat insulation plate 38 is provided at the lower end of the first thermocouple 36, and a sealing ring 39 is provided at the lower end of the heat insulation plate 38. The sealing ring 39 enhances the sealing performance when the heating suction cup 40 contacts the film, effectively preventing negative pressure leakage.

[0028] Furthermore, a support column 41 is fixedly installed on the upper end of the base 1, a second temperature controller 42 is provided on the upper end of the servo hot press mounting bracket 4, a second servo motor 43 is provided on the upper end of the servo hot press mounting bracket 4, and a second reducer 44 is provided on the upper end of the second servo motor 43. Through the setting of the second reducer 44, the high-speed output speed of the second servo motor 43 can be converted into a low-speed movement adapted to the hot press block 54.

[0029] Furthermore, a guide rod 46 is provided at the right end of the third Z-axis module 45, and a second linear bearing 47 is provided at the lower end of the guide rod 46. Equal height screws 50 are fixedly installed through both ends of the heat insulation block 49, and a second buffer spring 51 is fixedly installed at the lower end of the heat insulation block 49. The second buffer spring 51 can form a flexible buffer when the hot pressing block 54 moves down and contacts the product, so as to avoid damage to the headband or film caused by rigid impact.

[0030] Furthermore, the upper end of the base 1 is connected to the second fixed angle bracket 55 by bolts. The upper end of the base 1 is provided with a second support profile 56. The front end of the slide rail 57 is provided with a synchronous wheel 58. The outer ring of the synchronous wheel 58 is fitted with a synchronous belt 59. The rear end of the synchronous wheel 58 is provided with a stepper motor 60. Through the setting of the synchronous belt 59, the power of the stepper motor 60 can be smoothly transmitted to the moving component of the automatic feeding mechanism, ensuring the movement accuracy and stability of the clamp 63 when it moves along the slide rail 57.

[0031] Working principle: The headband webbing is manually placed into the product positioning fixture 7 on the six-station turntable 6. The buckle opening cylinder 16 drives the webbing clamping buckle 9 to automatically fasten, achieving flexible fixation of the webbing. After the photoelectric sensor 10 detects that the webbing is in place, the equipment is started. The motor 14 drives the station divider 15 through the first reducer 13, which drives the six-station turntable 6 to rotate precisely, moving the fixture containing the webbing to the film picking and placing station. At the same time, the empty fixture flows to the loading station to wait for loading. The first servo motor 17 on the automatic hopper mounting platform 2 drives the first Z-axis module 18 to push the film in the contouring hopper 20 upward. The positioning sensor 19 detects the position. Once the adhesive film reaches the picking position, the first Z-axis module 18 stops. Simultaneously, the material sensor 24 monitors the remaining material in the hopper in real time to ensure continuous feeding. The four-axis robot moves the heated suction cup 40 above the hopper, adsorbing the adhesive film under negative pressure monitored by the negative pressure gauge 27. The first heating rod 35 heats the suction cup, while the R-axis servo motor 33 drives the suction cup to rotate. Combined with the smooth movement of the first linear bearing 34, the adhesive film angle is corrected. The robot then moves the corrected adhesive film above the webbing at the current workstation. The second Z-axis module 32 drives the suction cup downwards, and the first buffer spring 37 forms a flexible contact, precisely adhering the adhesive film to the webbing and maintaining pressure for a preset time. Subsequently, the suction cup rises and resets, the heat insulation plate 38 reduces heat conduction to the robotic arm, the six-station turntable 6 rotates again, transferring the pre-pressed webbing to the hot pressing and holding station, while the next fixture moves to the film pick-and-place station to repeat the steps. The hot pressing support cylinder 12 lifts the fixture from the lower end of the turntable to provide rigid support. The second servo motor 43 on the servo hot press mounting frame 4 drives the third Z-axis module 45 via the second reducer 44, causing the hot pressing block 54 to move downward. The second heating rod 52 heats the hot pressing block, the second buffer spring 51 buffers the pressure, and the leveling screw 50 ensures the hot pressing surface is horizontal. After completing the hot pressing and holding according to the preset parameters, the hot pressing block rises back, and the heat insulation... Block 49 blocks the heat transfer, and the six-station turntable 6 rotates for the third time, transferring the hot-pressed finished product to the discharge station. At the same time, the pre-pressed fixture flows to the hot-press station, and the new loading fixture flows to the pick-and-place station. The stepper motor 60 on the automatic discharge mechanism mounting frame 5 drives the synchronous wheel 58 and the synchronous belt 59, which move the clamp assembly along the slide rail 57 to above the finished product. The lifting cylinder 61 drives the clamp cylinder 62 to descend, and the clamp 63 closes to grab the finished product and then rises. The synchronous belt 59 moves it to above the receiving frame. The lifting cylinder 61 descends again, the clamp opens to release the finished product, and the entire film application process is completed. At the same time, the empty fixture flows back to the initial position to wait for the cycle.

[0032] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A multi-station film applicator, comprising a base (1), characterized in that: An automatic hopper mounting platform (2) is provided at the upper end of the base (1), a robot arm mounting frame (3) is provided at the upper end of the base (1), a servo hot press mounting frame (4) is provided at the upper end of the base (1), an automatic discharge mechanism mounting frame (5) is provided at the upper end of the base (1), a six-station turntable (6) is provided at the upper end of the base (1), a product positioning fixture (7) is fixedly installed at the upper end of the six-station turntable (6), and an automatic hopper mounting platform (2) is provided at the upper end of the base (1). A first servo motor (17) is provided, and a first Z-axis module (18) is provided at the right end of the first servo motor (17). A contoured hopper (20) is fixedly installed at the upper end of the automatic hopper mounting platform (2). A Y-axis module (30) is provided at the lower end of the robot arm mounting frame (3). An X-axis module (31) is provided at the lower end of the Y-axis module (30). A second Z-axis module (32) is provided at the lower end of the Y-axis module (30). A second Z-axis module (32) is provided at the lower end of the second Z-axis module (32). A first heating rod (35) is provided with a first thermocouple (36) at its lower end, and a heating suction cup (40) is provided at its lower end. A third Z-axis module (45) is provided at the upper end of the servo hot press mounting bracket (4). A height adjustment block (48) is provided at the lower end of the servo hot press mounting bracket (4). A heat insulation block (49) is fixedly installed at the lower end of the height adjustment block (48). A third Z-axis module (45) is provided at the lower end of the heat insulation block (49). Two heating rods (52), a second thermocouple (53) is provided at the lower end of the second heating rod (52), a hot pressing block (54) is fixedly installed at the lower end of the second thermocouple (53), a slide rail (57) is provided at the upper end of the automatic discharge mechanism mounting frame (5), a lifting cylinder (61) is provided at the front end of the slide rail (57), a clamp cylinder (62) is fixedly installed at the lower end of the lifting cylinder (61), and a clamp (63) is fixedly installed at the front end of the clamp cylinder (62).

2. The multi-station laminating machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper end of the six-station turntable (6) is provided with an electrical hybrid slip ring (8), the upper end of the product positioning fixture (7) is provided with a webbing clamping buckle (9), the upper end of the product positioning fixture (7) is provided with a positioning photoelectric sensor (10), and the right end of the product positioning fixture (7) is fixedly installed with a surplus material placement frame (11).

3. A multi-station laminating machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lower end of the six-station turntable (6) is provided with a hot-press support cylinder (12), the lower end of the six-station turntable (6) is provided with a first reducer (13), the right end of the first reducer (13) is provided with a motor (14), the lower end of the six-station turntable (6) is provided with a station divider (15), and the lower end of the six-station turntable (6) is provided with a buckle opening cylinder (16).

4. A multi-station laminating machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper end of the contour hopper (20) is provided with a positioning sensor (19), the upper end of the automatic hopper mounting platform (2) is provided with a confirmation button (21), the upper end of the automatic hopper mounting platform (2) is provided with a positioning pin (22), the lower end of the positioning pin (22) is provided with a quick buckle (23), and the lower end of the contour hopper (20) is provided with a material sensor (24).

5. A multi-station film applicator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper end of the base (1) is fixedly installed with a first fixed angle bracket (25), the upper end of the base (1) is provided with a first support profile (26), the right end of the first support profile (26) is provided with a negative pressure gauge (27), and the upper end of the negative pressure gauge (27) is provided with a first temperature controller (28).

6. A multi-station laminating machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The front end of the robotic arm mounting frame (3) is provided with a Y-axis servo motor (29), the lower end of the second Z-axis module (32) is provided with an R-axis servo motor (33), and the lower end of the R-axis servo motor (33) is provided with a first linear bearing (34).

7. A multi-station laminating machine according to claim 6, characterized in that: The lower end of the first linear bearing (34) is provided with a first buffer spring (37), the lower end of the first thermocouple (36) is provided with a heat insulation plate (38), and the lower end of the heat insulation plate (38) is provided with a sealing ring (39).

8. A multi-station film applicator according to claim 1, characterized in that: A support column (41) is fixedly installed on the upper end of the base (1), a second temperature controller (42) is provided on the upper end of the servo hot press mounting frame (4), a second servo motor (43) is provided on the upper end of the servo hot press mounting frame (4), and a second reducer (44) is provided on the upper end of the second servo motor (43).

9. A multi-station film applicator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The right end of the third Z-axis module (45) is provided with a guide rod (46), the lower end of the guide rod (46) is provided with a second linear bearing (47), both ends of the heat insulation block (49) are fixedly installed with equal height screws (50), and the lower end of the heat insulation block (49) is fixedly installed with a second buffer spring (51).

10. A multi-station film applicator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper end of the base (1) is connected to the second fixed angle bracket (55) by bolts. The upper end of the base (1) is provided with a second support profile (56). The front end of the slide rail (57) is provided with a synchronous wheel (58). The outer ring of the synchronous wheel (58) is fitted with a synchronous belt (59). The rear end of the synchronous wheel (58) is provided with a stepper motor (60).

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