A multi-hot-end 3D printer

Abstract

The application provides a multi-thermal-end 3D printer, and belongs to the technical field of 3D printing. The application provides a multi-thermal-end 3D printer, which comprises a tool head and a plurality of thermal ends for loading material, and the thermal ends are detachably mounted on the tool head. The tool head comprises an extrusion device, and the extrusion device is used for driving the material to move to realize feeding. When the thermal ends are mounted on the tool head, the material is mounted on the extrusion device. The tool head and the thermal ends are connected in a detachable manner, which provides a basis for quickly switching the thermal ends. The extrusion device can provide a driving force for feeding. The extrusion device is arranged on the tool head, so that the problem of repeatedly arranging driving core components such as the extrusion device in the existing multi-nozzle equipment is avoided, the printing efficiency is ensured, and the cost is relatively low.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application belongs to the field of 3D printing technology, and more specifically, relates to a multi-heat-end 3D printer. Background Technology

[0002] 3D printing is a rapid prototyping technology. Fused Deposition Modeling (FDM), as a widely used branch of 3D printing technology, occupies an important position in the consumer-grade 3D printing market and low-to-mid-range industrial 3D printing scenarios due to its advantages of lower equipment cost, convenient operation, and wide range of applicable materials. As 3D printing technology develops towards personalization and multi-functionality, users' demand for multi-color printing and multi-material composite printing is increasing.

[0003] Most existing multi-hothead 3D printers use a single hothead paired with a single tool head, achieving multi-color, multi-material printing by replacing the material in the hothead. This method not only increases printing time but also increases material loss. Another approach is to use multiple tool heads and hotheads, which increases cost and equipment weight. Existing equipment cannot fully meet users' demands for efficient, low-cost multi-color, multi-material 3D printing, necessitating a new technological solution to overcome these limitations. Utility Model Content

[0004] The purpose of this application is to provide a multi-heat-end 3D printer to solve the problem of balancing the multi-printhead layout and cost optimization of 3D printer equipment.

[0005] Based on this, this application provides a multi-hot end 3D printer, including a tool head and a hot end for loading material, the hot end being detachably mounted on the tool head, the tool head including an extrusion device for pushing the material to move to achieve feeding; when the hot end is mounted on the tool head, the material is mounted on the extrusion device.

[0006] In this implementation, the tool head and the hot end are detachably connected, providing a basis for rapid switching of the hot end. FDM printers typically achieve printing by heating and softening the printing material, then cooling and solidifying the softened material at a preset location. Continuous feeding ensures a constant supply of printing material, which is fundamental to printing. The extrusion unit provides the driving force for the feeding. By placing the extrusion unit in the tool head, the problem of redundant configuration of extrusion units and other core drive components in existing multi-head printers is avoided, resulting in lower costs while maintaining printing efficiency.

[0007] In some possible implementations, there can be multiple hot ends. At least one hot end is detachably mounted to the tool head. The extrusion unit is located at the tool head, enabling one extrusion unit to adapt to multiple hot ends, reducing equipment costs and laying a stable feeding foundation for rapid switching between multiple hot ends.

[0008] In some possible implementations, the tool head includes a first support, and the extrusion device includes a first opening and closing member, a second opening and closing member, a driving wheel, and a driven wheel. Both the first and second opening and closing members are rotatably connected to the first support, the driving wheel is rotatably connected to the first opening and closing member, and the driven wheel is rotatably connected to the second opening and closing member. The tool head also includes an opening and closing drive member with its two ends respectively abutting against the first and second opening and closing members. The opening and closing drive member is used to drive the first and second opening and closing members to open, thereby increasing the gap between the driving wheel and the driven wheel to facilitate the installation of material.

[0009] In this implementation, the first and second opening / closing components are rotatably connected to the first support, allowing the positions of the driving and driven wheels to be flexibly adjusted. The opening / closing drive component drives the two opening / closing components to rotate, adjusting the gap between the driving and driven wheels. This widens the gap when changing materials or clearing blockages, and narrows the gap during printing to ensure clamping force. This eliminates the need to disassemble the entire assembly, improving maintenance and material changing efficiency.

[0010] In some possible implementations, the tool head also includes a first elastic element connected between the first opening and closing member and the second opening and closing member. The first elastic element is in a tensioned state and is used to provide elastic force to close the first opening and closing member and the second opening and closing member, thereby reducing the gap between the driving wheel and the driven wheel to clamp the material.

[0011] In this implementation, the first elastic element connects the two opening and closing elements and provides a reset force for the opening and closing elements. After the opening and closing drive element removes the driving force, the elastic element pulls the opening and closing elements to reset, so that the driving wheel and the driven wheel maintain a stable clamping force, without the need for an additional reset structure.

[0012] In some possible implementations, the upper dimension of the opening and closing drive is larger than the lower dimension, and the end of the opening and closing drive closer to the feed block is the upper end.

[0013] In this implementation, the opening and closing drive member is used to move downward to drive the first opening and closing member and the second opening and closing member to roll outward and open, and to increase the gap between the driving wheel and the driven wheel.

[0014] In some possible implementations, the multi-hot end 3D printer also includes a frame and a fixed block fixedly mounted on the frame. The tool head is mounted on the frame and is used to drive the hot end to move relative to the frame. The opening and closing drive is provided with a drive block, which engages with the fixed block via an inclined surface. As the tool head moves toward the fixed block, the drive block contacts the fixed block and moves along the inclined surface on the fixed block, pushing the opening and closing drive downward.

[0015] In this implementation, as the tool head moves closer to the fixed block, the drive block slides along the inclined surface of the fixed block and drives the opening and closing drive component to adjust the wheel set clearance. This automated adjustment during the movement reduces manual intervention and meets the requirements for rapid switching. Furthermore, the mating structure of the fixed block and drive block is simple, low-cost, and easy to implement.

[0016] In some possible implementations, the first support is further provided with an ejector and a second elastic member. The ejector is elastically connected to the first support through the second elastic member. The ejector is perpendicular to the opening and closing drive member. When the hot end is installed on the tool head, the end of the ejector away from the second elastic member abuts against the hot end. During the downward movement of the opening and closing drive member, the second elastic member is used to provide elastic force. Under the action of the elastic force, the ejector moves towards the hot end along with the movement of the opening and closing drive member.

[0017] In this implementation, the ejector is connected to the first bracket via a second elastic element. The second elastic element provides a buffering force to prevent damage caused by collision between the hot end and the tool head during installation. When the hot end is installed on the tool head, the ejector abuts against the hot end, providing support. During the separation of the hot end from the tool head, the second elastic element resets and pushes the ejector, assisting the hot end to detach quickly and improving disassembly efficiency.

[0018] In some possible implementations, the opening and closing drive component is provided with a first mating groove, the bottom of the first mating groove is provided with a first mating inclined surface, the ejector component is provided with a second mating groove, and the side of the second mating groove is provided with a second mating inclined surface; the opening and closing drive component is perpendicular to the ejector component by engaging the first and second mating grooves, the first and second mating inclined surfaces are in contact, and the ejector component and the opening and closing drive component slide relative to each other by engaging the first and second mating inclined surfaces.

[0019] In this implementation, the ejector is engaged in the first mating groove, with its two sides contacting the groove walls on both sides of the first mating groove. The opening / closing drive is engaged in the second mating groove, with its two sides contacting the groove walls on both sides of the second mating groove. The first and second mating grooves achieve engagement and mutual restraint between the ejector and the opening / closing drive, resulting in a cross-shaped engagement. When the opening / closing drive moves downwards, the second elastic element pushes the ejector to move in a direction perpendicular to the opening / closing drive, ensuring that the first mating inclined surface always adheres to the second mating inclined surface.

[0020] In some possible implementations, the opening and closing drive element engages with the inclined surfaces of the first and second opening and closing elements.

[0021] In this implementation, the inclined surface of the opening and closing drive component matches the inclined surface of the opening and closing component, ensuring uniform force distribution during the movement of the opening and closing drive component, preventing jamming, and guaranteeing smooth rotation of both opening and closing components. When the opening and closing drive component moves, the inclined surface smoothly converts its linear motion into the rotational motion of the opening and closing component, facilitating the adjustment of the gap between the driving wheel and the driven wheel.

[0022] In some possible implementations, a multi-hot-end 3D printer includes a detachably connected first connection component and a second connection component, which are respectively disposed on the tool head and the hot end; the tool head and the hot end are installed and removed by connecting and disconnecting the first connection component and the second connection component.

[0023] In this implementation, the first and second connecting components are detachable, allowing the tool head to quickly connect and disconnect with different hot ends without complex disassembly, thus lowering the barrier to entry for users. This detachable design also eliminates the need for prolonged downtime when switching hot ends, effectively reducing switching time.

[0024] In some possible implementations, the first connecting assembly includes a third elastic member and a latching portion connected to the end of the third elastic member; the second connecting assembly includes a locking portion for locking with the latching portion; the third elastic member provides an elastic force for locking the latching portion and the locking portion; when the first connecting assembly and the second connecting assembly are in a connected state, the latching portion and the locking portion are locked; when the first connecting assembly and the second connecting assembly are in a disassembled state, the latching portion and the locking portion are unlocked.

[0025] In this implementation, the locking part and the locking part are locked together by an elastic element, resulting in a simple structure.

[0026] In some possible implementations, the first connecting component includes a first magnetic element, and the second connecting component includes a second magnetic element. The first magnetic element and the second magnetic element are connected by magnetic connection to realize the connection between the first connecting component and the second connecting component.

[0027] In this implementation, the first connecting component and the second connecting component are connected by magnetic connection, which is simple in structure and easy to operate.

[0028] In some possible implementations, the hot end includes a feed block with a groove and a nozzle connected to the feed block. The material passes through the groove of the feed block, enters the nozzle, is heated at the nozzle, leaves the nozzle, and is cooled and shaped. When the hot end is installed on the tool head, the material is installed in the extrusion device through the groove opening. The extrusion device is used to push the material at the groove into the nozzle.

[0029] In this implementation, the feed block is provided with grooves, which provide structural support for the material while enabling the installation of the material.

[0030] In some possible implementations, the multi-hot-end 3D printer also includes a frame and a hot-end dock. The tool head is mounted on the frame and is used to move the hot end relative to the frame, while the hot-end dock is fixedly mounted on the frame. The multi-hot-end 3D printer also includes a detachably connected third connection component and a fourth connection component, which are respectively mounted on the hot-end dock and the hot end. The hot-end dock and the hot end are installed and removed by connecting and removing the third connection component and the fourth connection component.

[0031] In this implementation, the hot end dock is fixed to the frame, providing a storage location for the hot ends. Multiple hot ends are detachably connected to the hot end dock, allowing the hot end to be used to be detached from the hot end tungsten and mounted on the tool head, facilitating the switching of hot ends to achieve multi-color and multi-material printing. Attached Figure Description

[0032] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0033] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a multi-hot-end 3D printer provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 2 This application provides a schematic diagram of the structure of a tool head in a multi-hot-end 3D printer. Figure 3 This application provides a schematic diagram of the tool head in a multi-hot-end 3D printer from another perspective, as shown in an embodiment of the present application. Figure 4 This application provides a schematic diagram of the opening and closing drive mechanism in a multi-hot-end 3D printer. Figure 5 This application provides a schematic diagram of the structure of an ejector component in a multi-hot-end 3D printer. Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the connection between a first connecting component and a second connecting component in a multi-hot-end 3D printer provided in this application embodiment; Figure 7 This application provides an embodiment of another structural diagram illustrating the connection between a first connecting component and a second connecting component in a multi-hot-end 3D printer. Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a multi-hot-end 3D printer provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the connection between the hot end and the frame in a multi-hot end 3D printer provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0034] The figures in the diagram are labeled as follows: 110 - Tool head; 120 - Hot end; 130 - Extrusion device; 140 - Opening / closing drive; 150 - Frame; 160 - Material; 111-First bracket; 112-First opening and closing component; 113-Second opening and closing component; 114-First pivot; 115-Second pivot; 116-First elastic element; 117-First connecting assembly; 1111-Ejector; 1112-Second elastic element; 1113-Second mating groove; 1114-Second mating slope; 1121 - Third inclined plane; 1131 - Fourth inclined plane; 1171 - Fourth elastic element; 1172 - Locking ball; 1173 - Connecting block; 1174 - Locking tongue; 121-Feed block; 1211-Groove; 122-Throat; 123-Nozzle; 124-Fixing block; 125-Second connecting assembly; 1251-Locking block; 1252-Locking groove; 1253-Connecting rod; 1254-Locking block; 1255-Unlocking block; 1256-Boss; 131 - Driving wheel; 132 - Driven wheel; 141-First inclined surface; 142-Second inclined surface; 143-Drive block; 144-First mating groove; 1441-First mating inclined surface; 151-Printing platform; 152-Placement rack; 153-Mounting component; 154-Hook. Detailed Implementation

[0035] To make the technical problems, technical solutions, and beneficial effects to be solved by this application clearer, the following detailed description is provided in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative and are not intended to limit the scope of this application.

[0036] In the embodiments of this application, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of indicated technical features. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of this application, "multiple" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0037] It should be understood that the terminology used in the descriptions of the various examples herein is for the purpose of describing the particular examples only and is not intended to be restrictive. As used in the descriptions of the various examples, the singular forms “a” and “the” are intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the context explicitly indicates otherwise.

[0038] In the embodiments of this application, "at least one" means one or more, and "more than one" means two or more. "At least one of the following" or similar expressions refer to any combination of these items, including any combination of a single item or a plurality of items.

[0039] It should also be understood that, in this application, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the term "connection" should be interpreted broadly. For example, "connection" can be a fixed connection, a sliding connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part, etc.; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium.

[0040] It should also be understood that the term "comprising" as used in this specification specifies the presence of the stated features, integers, steps, operations, elements, and / or components, but does not exclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integers, steps, operations, elements, components, and / or groups thereof.

[0041] It should be understood that the terms "an embodiment," "another embodiment," and "a possible design" used throughout the specification mean that a specific feature, structure, or characteristic related to an embodiment or implementation is included in at least one embodiment of this application. Therefore, phrases such as "in some embodiments of this application," "in another embodiment of this application," and "a possible design" appearing throughout the specification do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment. Furthermore, these specific features, structures, or characteristics can be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments.

[0042] To address the aforementioned technical problems, this application provides a multi-hot-end 3D printer.

[0043] refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2 , Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a multi-hot-end 3D printer provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the tool head structure in a multi-hot end 3D printer provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0044] like Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, this application embodiment provides a multi-hot-end 3D printer, including a tool head 110 and multiple hot ends 120 for loading material. The hot ends 120 are detachably mounted on the tool head 110. When the hot ends 120 are mounted on the tool head 110, the tool head 110 drives the hot ends 120 to move, so that the heated material is transferred to a preset position and 3D printed at the preset position. The tool head 110 includes an extrusion device 130, which is used to push the material to achieve feeding. When the hot ends 120 are mounted on the tool head 110, the material is mounted on the extrusion device 130.

[0045] In the embodiments of this application, the preset position can be obtained from position data in a digitizable, computer-readable 3D object description file. By "slicing" the 3D model recorded in this 3D object description file to generate two-dimensional horizontal layers, specific instructions for the movement of the printer head are generated for each layer according to user settings (such as layer height, infill density, printing speed, etc.). The printer head can then move the heated material to the preset position according to these instructions.

[0046] For example, the hot end 120 may include a feed block 121 with a groove 1211 and a nozzle 123 connected to the feed block 121. The nozzle 123 communicates with the feed block 121. The material passes through the groove 1211 of the feed block 121 and enters the nozzle 123. After being heated at the nozzle 123, the material leaves the nozzle 123 and cools to form a shape. When the hot end 120 is installed on the tool head 110, the material is installed in the extrusion device 130 through the groove 1211. The extrusion device 130 is used to push the material at the groove 1211 into the nozzle 123.

[0047] The hot end 120 includes a feed block 121, a throat 122 and a nozzle 123. One end of the throat 122 is connected to the feed block 121 and the other end of the throat 122 is connected to the nozzle 123. The feed block 121 is provided with a groove 1211 and a through hole for the material 160 to pass through. When the material 160 passes through the through hole, part of the material 160 is located in the groove 1211.

[0048] This embodiment discloses a multi-hot-end 3D printer, whose core structure includes a tool head 110, a hot end 120, and an extrusion device 130. The tool head 110 is used to form a detachable engagement with the hot end 120, which can be achieved through snap-fit, magnetic attraction, or other means. The hot end 120 consists of a feed block 121, a throat 122, and a nozzle 123. One end of the throat 122 can be connected to the feed block 121 via an insertion or threaded connection, while the other end is connected to the nozzle 123 via a sealing connection. The feed block 121 has an integrally formed groove 1211 and a through hole for feeding material 160. The through hole penetrates the feed block 121 and communicates with the interior of the throat 122. When material 160 (such as PLA or ABS filament) passes through the through hole, because the groove 1211 is connected to the through hole, part of the material 160 will naturally reside within the groove 1211.

[0049] The extrusion device 130 includes a drive wheel 131 and a driven wheel 132, both of which are rotatably mounted inside the tool head 110. The teeth of the drive wheel 131 and the driven wheel 132 correspond to each other and, after engagement, form a gap through which the material 160 passes. The gap width is adapted to the diameter of the material 160, and is usually slightly smaller than the diameter of the material 160 to ensure clamping force.

[0050] When printing is required, the tool head 110 is mated with the hot end 120. At this time, the drive wheel 131 and driven wheel 132 inside the tool head 110 enter the groove 1211 of the feed block 121. After the material 160 is drawn out from the outside, it passes through the through hole of the feed block 121, the gap between the drive wheel 131 and the driven wheel 132, and finally enters the throat 122. During operation, the drive wheel 131 rotates under the drive of the drive device, and the clamping force with the driven wheel 132 drives the material 160 to enter the throat 122 stably, and then melts and extrudes through the nozzle 123. In this structure, the detachable engagement of the tool head 110 and the hot end 120 facilitates quick replacement of hot ends 120 of different specifications (such as nozzles adapted to different colored materials 160). The design of the groove 1211 provides a space for the drive wheel 131 and the driven wheel 132 to clamp the material 160 and provide driving force for feeding the material 160.

[0051] In this embodiment, the cooperation of the through hole, groove 1211, and wheel set ensures a relatively fixed material conveying path for the material 160, avoiding blockage of the throat 122 caused by material 160 deviation. The throat 122 directly connects the feed block 121 and the nozzle 123, shortening the material conveying path and reducing material 160 residue in the channel. The extrusion device 130 is integrated into the tool head 110, enabling one extrusion device 130 to adapt to multiple hot ends 120 without the need for a separate drive wheel set for each nozzle, significantly reducing equipment cost and nozzle weight, and providing a feeding basis for switching between multi-color materials 160.

[0052] In some embodiments of this application, such as Figure 2 As shown, the multi-hot-end 3D printer also includes an opening and closing drive unit 140, a tool head 110 including a first support 111, and an extrusion device 130 including a first opening and closing member 112, a second opening and closing member 113, a drive wheel 131, and a driven wheel 132. Both the first opening and closing member 112 and the second opening and closing member 113 are rotatably connected to the first support 111. For example, one end of the first opening and closing member 112 is rotatably connected to the first support 111 via a first rotating shaft 114, and one end of the second opening and closing member 113 is rotatably connected to the first support 111 via a second rotating shaft 115. The drive wheel 131 is rotatably connected to the first opening and closing member 112, and the driven wheel 132 is rotatably connected to the second opening and closing member 113. The tool head 110 also includes an opening and closing drive member 140 with its two ends respectively abutting against the first opening and closing member 112 and the second opening and closing member 113. The opening and closing drive member 140 is used to drive the first opening and closing member 112 to rotate along the first rotating shaft 114 and drive the second opening and closing member 113 to rotate along the second rotating shaft 115, thereby driving the first opening and closing member 112 and the second opening and closing member 113 to open, so as to increase the gap between the driving wheel 131 and the driven wheel 132, which facilitates the installation of materials.

[0053] The first bracket 111 serves as the mounting carrier for the tool head 110. One end of the first opening / closing member 112 is rotatably connected to the first bracket 111 via the first rotating shaft 114, and one end of the second opening / closing member 113 is rotatably connected to the first bracket 111 via the second rotating shaft 115. The rotating shaft structure ensures that the opening / closing member can rotate flexibly around the shaft. The driving wheel 131 is rotatably connected to the end of the first opening / closing member 112 away from the rotating shaft via a bearing, and the driven wheel 132 is rotatably connected to the end of the second opening / closing member 113 away from the rotating shaft via a bearing, so that the gap between the driving wheel 131 and the driven wheel 132 can change with the rotation of the opening / closing member.

[0054] One end of the opening / closing drive component 140 abuts against the upper or middle part of the first opening / closing component 112, and the other end abuts against the upper or middle part of the second opening / closing component 113, forming an inverted triangle abutment structure. When it is necessary to increase the wheel set clearance (such as when changing materials), the opening / closing drive component 140 moves, pushing the first opening / closing component 112 to rotate outward around the first rotating shaft 114 and the second opening / closing component 113 to rotate outward around the second rotating shaft 115. The driving wheel 131 and the driven wheel 132 move away from each other as the opening / closing components move, increasing the clearance to facilitate the insertion of the material 160. When it is necessary to reduce the wheel set clearance (such as during printing), the opening / closing drive component 140 moves in the opposite direction. The first opening / closing component 112 and the second opening / closing component 113 rotate inward under the action of the reset structure (such as a spring), and the driving wheel 131 and the driven wheel 132 move closer to each other until the clearance matches the current diameter of the material 160. The material 160 is then conveyed by friction.

[0055] In this embodiment, the first opening / closing member 112 and the second opening / closing member 113 are rotatably connected, allowing for more flexible adjustment of the positions of the driving wheel 131 and the driven wheel 132. The opening / closing drive member 140 directly abuts against the two opening / closing members, synchronously driving both to rotate, ensuring uniform gap adjustment and preventing material 160 from shifting due to unilateral adjustment. In practical applications, when it is necessary to replace the material 160 or clear blockages, the gap can be widened by the opening / closing drive member 140, allowing for quick removal of the material 160 or removal of debris without disassembling the entire feeding device, thus improving maintenance efficiency. Simultaneously, the driving wheel 131 and the driven wheel 132 are respectively mounted on the first opening / closing member 112 and the second opening / closing member 113, resulting in more balanced force distribution and stable clamping of the material 160, preventing fluctuations in feeding speed due to uneven clamping force and ensuring the uniformity of printed lines. Furthermore, the aforementioned structure is still integrated into the tool head 110 and can be used with multiple hot ends 120. There is no need to set up a separate gap adjustment mechanism for each nozzle, which has the advantage of reducing costs. At the same time, it is compatible with materials 160 of different diameters or different materials (PLA, ABS), improving equipment compatibility.

[0056] In some embodiments of this application, such as Figure 2 As shown, the opening / closing drive member 140 engages with the inclined surfaces of the first opening / closing member 112 and the second opening / closing member 113. For example, the side of the opening / closing drive member 140 that contacts the first opening / closing member 112 is the first inclined surface 141, the side of the opening / closing drive member 140 that contacts the second opening / closing member 113 is the second inclined surface 142, the first opening / closing member 112 is provided with a third inclined surface 1121 that matches the first inclined surface 141, and the second opening / closing member 113 is provided with a fourth inclined surface 1131 that matches the second inclined surface 142.

[0057] The side of the opening / closing drive member 140 that contacts the first opening / closing member 112 is designated as a first inclined surface 141, and the side that contacts the second opening / closing member 113 is designated as a second inclined surface 142. The first inclined surface 141 and the second inclined surface 142 have the same inclination angle (e.g., 30°). Correspondingly, the first opening / closing member 112 is provided with a third inclined surface 1121 that perfectly matches the shape and angle of the first inclined surface 141, and the second opening / closing member 113 is provided with a fourth inclined surface 1131 that perfectly matches the shape and angle of the second inclined surface 142. The inclined surfaces can be smoothed to reduce friction.

[0058] The opening / closing drive component 140 is installed between the first opening / closing component 112 and the second opening / closing component 113 through the contact of the first inclined surface 141 with the third inclined surface 1121 and the contact of the second inclined surface 142 with the fourth inclined surface 1131. When it is necessary to adjust the wheel set clearance, the opening / closing drive component 140 slides up and down along the inclined surface. When sliding down, the inclined surface engagement generates a lateral force, pushing the first opening / closing component 112 and the second opening / closing component 113 to rotate outward, causing the first opening / closing component 112 and the second opening / closing component 113 to open, increasing the clearance between the driving wheel 131 and the driven wheel 132. When sliding up, the lateral force decreases, and the first opening / closing component 112 and the second opening / closing component 113 rotate inward under the action of the restoring force, causing the first opening / closing component 112 and the second opening / closing component 113 to close, reducing the clearance between the driving wheel 131 and the driven wheel 132.

[0059] In this embodiment, the inclined surface increases the contact area between the opening / closing drive component 140 and the opening / closing component, avoiding component wear caused by localized stress concentration, and thus extending the service life of the opening / closing drive component 140, the first opening / closing component 112, and the second opening / closing component 113. Furthermore, the guiding effect of the inclined surface restricts the movement trajectory of the opening / closing drive component 140, ensuring that it slides only along the inclined surface direction without lateral deviation. This keeps the gap adjustment error within a small range and prevents unstable material conveying speed 160 due to gap fluctuations. The inclined surface fit eliminates the need for additional guide rods, significantly reducing the size of the tool head 110.

[0060] Furthermore, to ensure a more stable fit between the opening / closing drive member 140 and the first opening / closing member 112 and the second opening / closing member 113, a groove can be formed on the third inclined surface 1121 of the first opening / closing member 112 and a groove can be formed on the fourth inclined surface 1131 of the second opening / closing member 113. Placing both ends of the opening / closing drive member 140 in the grooves on the third inclined surface 1121 and the fourth inclined surface 1131 respectively prevents the opening / closing drive member 140 from slipping off from the first opening / closing member 112 and the second opening / closing member 113.

[0061] In some embodiments of this application, reference is made to Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 4 , Figure 3 This is a structural schematic diagram of the tool head in a multi-hot-end 3D printer, provided as an embodiment of this application, from another perspective. Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the opening and closing drive component in a multi-hot end 3D printer provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0062] like Figures 1 to 4As shown, the multi-hot-end 3D printer also includes a frame, a tool head 110 mounted on the frame and used to drive the hot end 120 to move relative to the frame, a drive block 143 provided on the opening and closing drive member 140, and a fixed block 143 fixedly mounted on the frame. The drive block 143 and the fixed block 124 are engaged by an inclined surface. As the tool head 110 moves toward the fixed block 143, the drive block 143 contacts the fixed block 124 and moves along the inclined surface on the fixed block 124, pushing the opening and closing drive member 140 downward to adjust the gap between the drive wheel 131 and the driven wheel 132.

[0063] The drive block 143 is fixed on the opening and closing drive component 140, and the side of the drive block 143 facing the hot end 120 is set with an inclined surface at an angle (e.g., 45°). The fixing block 124 is fixed on the frame, and the side of the fixing block 124 facing the drive block 143 is set with an inclined surface that matches the inclined surface of the drive block 143. Both inclined surfaces can be polished to reduce sliding friction.

[0064] When the tool head 110 moves relative to the hot end 120, it also moves relative to the frame. The inclined surface of the drive block 143 first contacts the inclined surface of the fixed block 124. As the relative movement continues, the drive block 143 slides along the inclined surface of the fixed block 124, driving the opening and closing drive member 140 to move along the inclined surface of the opening and closing member, causing the first opening and closing member 112 and the second opening and closing member 113 to rotate inward. The gap between the driving wheel 131 and the driven wheel 132 narrows until it matches the diameter of the material 160. When the tool head 110 separates from the hot end 120, the drive block 143 slides in the opposite direction along the inclined surface of the fixed block 124, driving the opening and closing drive member 140 to move in the opposite direction. The gap increases, and the material 160 disengages from the wheel assembly formed by the driving wheel 131 and the driven wheel 132.

[0065] In this embodiment, the relative movement between the tool head 110 and the hot end 120 triggers gap adjustment, eliminating the need for an additional motor or manual operation, thus enabling rapid engagement and switching between the tool head 110 and the hot end 120. Furthermore, the use of a beveled surface ensures smooth, unobstructed sliding of the drive block 143, avoiding gap adjustment errors caused by manual operation and ensuring consistent gaps for each switch, reducing material 160 blockage or slippage due to improper gaps. This structure primarily relies on mechanical linkage, requiring no additional electrical control components, which helps reduce equipment failure rates and improves the reliability of multi-hot-end switching.

[0066] In some embodiments of this application, such as Figure 3As shown, the first support 111 is provided with an ejector 1111 and a second elastic member 1112. One end of the ejector 1111 is elastically connected to the first support 111 through the second elastic member 1112. The ejector 1111 is perpendicular to the opening and closing drive member 140. When the hot end 120 is installed on the tool head 110, the other end of the ejector 1111 away from the second elastic member 1112 abuts against the hot end 120. During the downward movement of the opening and closing drive member 140, the second elastic member 1112 provides elastic force, and the ejector 1111 moves towards the hot end 120 under the action of the elastic force.

[0067] The ejector 1111 can be a strip structure, its main function being to achieve elastic contact and rapid separation of the hot end 120. The second elastic element 1112 is a compression spring, its main function being to provide buffering force and restoring force. One end of the ejector 1111 is connected to the reserved mounting position of the first bracket 111 through the second elastic element 1112. The ejector 1111 is perpendicular to the opening and closing drive 140 (the opening and closing drive 140 moves in the vertical direction, and the ejector 1111 moves in the horizontal direction). The other end of the ejector 1111 faces the hot end 120, and the end can be rounded to avoid scratching the hot end 120.

[0068] When the tool head 110 mates with the hot end 120, the arc-shaped end of the ejector 1111 first contacts the second support of the hot end 120. As the mating continues, the ejector 1111 compresses the second elastic element 1112 towards the first support 111. The second elastic element 1112 generates a reverse elastic force, ensuring that the ejector 1111 always elastically abuts against the hot end 120. When separation is required, the tool head 110 moves away from the hot end 120, and the second elastic element 1112 resets, pushing the ejector 1111 towards the hot end 120, providing a separation thrust to the hot end 120 and assisting in rapid separation.

[0069] When the tool head 110 mates with the hot end 120, the ejector 1111, under the action of the second elastic element 1112, applies a reverse buffering force to the hot end 120, preventing rigid collisions during the mating of the tool head 110 and the hot end 120, protecting vulnerable components such as the nozzle 123 and ceramic heating element inside the hot end 120, and extending the service life of the components. When it is necessary to separate the tool head 110 from the hot end 120, the tool head 110 moves away from the hot end 120, the second elastic element 1112 recovers its deformation, pushing the ejector 1111 to extend towards the hot end 120, applying a thrust to the hot end 120, and assisting the hot end 120 to quickly detach from the tool head 110. In some embodiments of this application, reference is made to Figure 4 and Figure 5 , Figure 5This is a schematic diagram of the ejector component in a multi-hot-end 3D printer, provided as an embodiment of this application.

[0070] like Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, the opening / closing drive member 140 is provided with a first mating groove 144, and the bottom of the first mating groove 144 is provided with a first mating inclined surface 1441. The ejector member 1111 is provided with a second mating groove 1113, and the side of the second mating groove 1113 is provided with a second mating inclined surface 1114. The ejector member 1111 is engaged in the first mating groove 144, the opening / closing drive member 140 is engaged in the second mating groove 1113, and the first mating inclined surface 1441 is attached to the second mating inclined surface 1114.

[0071] The opening and closing drive component 140 is perpendicular to the ejector component 1111 by engaging with the first mating groove 144 and the second mating groove 1113. The first mating inclined surface 1441 and the second mating inclined surface 1114 are in contact with each other. The ejector component 1111 and the opening and closing drive component 140 slide relative to each other by engaging with the first mating inclined surface 1441 and the second mating inclined surface 1114.

[0072] The opening / closing drive component 140 has a first mating groove 144 at its bottom, and the bottom of the first mating groove 144 has a first mating inclined surface 1441 (the inclination angle of which can be set to 30°). The ejector component 1111 has a second mating groove 1113 in its middle, and the side of the second mating groove 1113 has a second mating inclined surface 1114 that matches the first mating inclined surface 1441. The opening / closing drive component 140 is engaged in the second mating groove 1113 of the ejector component 1111, and the ejector component 1111 is engaged in the first mating groove 144 of the opening / closing drive component 140, and the first mating inclined surface 1441 and the second mating inclined surface 1114 are completely fitted together, realizing the mutual limiting between the opening / closing drive component 140 and the ejector component 1111.

[0073] The ejector 1111 is engaged in the first mating groove 144, with its two sides contacting the groove walls on both sides of the first mating groove 144, allowing the ejector 1111 to move along the first mating groove 144. The opening / closing drive 140 is engaged in the second mating groove 1113, with its two sides contacting the groove walls on both sides of the second mating groove 1113. Through the first mating groove 144 and the second mating groove 1113, the ejector 1111 and the opening / closing drive 140 are engaged and mutually restrained, forming a cross shape after engagement. When the opening and closing drive 140 moves up and down to adjust the gap of the wheel set, the first mating inclined surface 1441 of the opening and closing drive 140 slides along the second mating inclined surface 1114, and the second elastic element 1112 pushes the ejector 1111 to move in a direction perpendicular to the opening and closing drive, so that the ejector 1111 moves synchronously in the horizontal direction, so that the first mating inclined surface 1441 always fits against the second mating inclined surface 1114.

[0074] The opening / closing drive component 140 and the ejector component 1111 adopt a slot-type snap-fit ​​structure. The ejector component 1111 is snapped into the first mating slot 144 to achieve mutual limiting and prevent the two from disengaging during movement, thereby improving the reliability of the overall mechanism. This structure eliminates the need for additional connecting parts (such as screws or clips) to achieve linkage and limiting between the two components, which helps to reduce the size of the tool head 110.

[0075] In some embodiments of this application, the tool head 110 further includes a first elastic member 116 connected between the first opening and closing member 112 and the second opening and closing member 113. The first elastic member 116 is in a tensioned state and is used to provide elastic force to close the first opening and closing member 112 and the second opening and closing member 113, thereby reducing the gap between the driving wheel 131 and the driven wheel 132 and clamping the material.

[0076] A first elastic element 116 is provided between the first opening and closing member 112 and the second opening and closing member 113. The first elastic element 116 is in a slightly stretched state in its natural state, and applies opposing tensions to the first opening and closing member 112 and the second opening and closing member 113.

[0077] When the opening / closing drive 140 pushes the first opening / closing member 112 and the second opening / closing member 113 to rotate outward (open), the first elastic member 116 will be further stretched, generating a reverse pulling force. When the opening / closing drive 140 removes the driving force, the pulling force of the first elastic member 116 will pull the first opening / closing member 112 and the second opening / closing member 113 to rotate inward (close), so that the driving wheel 131 and the driven wheel 132 return to the initial clamping position, eliminating the need for manual reset and simplifying the operation process. At the same time, the constant pulling force provided by the first elastic member 116 can ensure that the clamping force of the driving wheel 131 and the driven wheel 132 on the material 160 is stable (the magnitude of the clamping force is determined by the elastic force of the first elastic member 116), avoiding fluctuations in the clamping force caused by manual adjustment or component wear, thereby ensuring a constant feeding speed of the material 160 (too loose a clamping force will cause the material 160 to slip, and too tight a clamping force may crush the material 160). In addition, the first elastic element 116 can be a spring, which has a simple structure, low cost, and helps to reduce the equipment failure rate.

[0078] The upper end of the opening and closing drive member 140 is larger than the lower end, and the end of the opening and closing drive member 140 closest to the feed block 121 is the upper end. The opening and closing drive member 140 is used to move downward to drive the first opening and closing member 112 and the second opening and closing member 113 to roll outward and open, and increase the gap between the driving wheel 131 and the driven wheel 132.

[0079] In some embodiments of this application, a multi-hot-end 3D printer may include a detachably connected first connecting component 117 and a second connecting component 125, which are respectively disposed on the tool head 110 and the hot end 120. The tool head 110 and the hot end 120 are installed and removed by connecting and removing the first connecting component 117 and the second connecting component 125.

[0080] For example, the first connecting component 117 can be disposed on the tool head 110, and the second connecting component 125 can be disposed on the hot end 120; alternatively, the first connecting component 117 can be disposed on the hot end 120, and the second connecting component 125 can be disposed on the tool head 110. The embodiments of this application are illustrated using the example of the first connecting component 117 being disposed on the tool head 110 and the second connecting component 125 being disposed on the hot end 120.

[0081] For example, such as Figure 1 As shown, the first connecting component 117 is disposed on the first bracket 111, the hot end 120 includes a second bracket, and the second bracket is disposed on the second bracket. The first connecting component 117 and the second connecting component 125 are detachably connected.

[0082] The first connecting component 117 can be disposed on the side of the first bracket 111 and can be a detachable male end. The second connecting component 125 is disposed on the second bracket (which serves as the mounting carrier for the hot end 120) of the hot end 120 and can be a detachable female end. Alternatively, the first connecting component 117 can be disposed on the side of the second bracket, and the second connecting component 125 can be disposed on the side of the first bracket 111. Interchanging the positions of the first connecting component 117 and the second connecting component 125 does not affect the implementation of this solution. The first connecting component 117 and the second connecting component 125 can employ snap-fit, magnetic, or other mating structures to ensure stable mating and convenient disassembly.

[0083] When it is necessary to align the tool head 110 with the hot end 120, align the first connecting component 117 and the second connecting component 125 and apply pressure to lock them in place. At the same time, the driving wheel 131 and the driven wheel 132 are inserted into the groove 1211 of the feed block 121, and the ejector 1111 elastically abuts against the second bracket. When disassembly is required, apply a separation force to unlock the first connecting component 117 and the second connecting component 125, and then use the pushing force of the ejector 1111 to assist in separation, thus completing the replacement of the hot end 120.

[0084] In some embodiments of this application, the first connecting assembly 117 includes a first elastic member and a locking portion connected to the end of the first elastic member, and the second connecting assembly 125 includes a locking portion for locking with the locking portion. The first elastic member provides an elastic force to lock the locking portion and the locking portion together. When the first connecting assembly 117 and the second connecting assembly 125 are in a connected state, the locking portion and the locking portion are locked. When the first connecting assembly 117 and the second connecting assembly 125 are in a disassembled state, the locking portion and the locking portion are unlocked.

[0085] When the first connecting assembly 117 and the second connecting assembly 125 are in the locked state, the first elastic member provides a continuous elastic preload to the locking part, causing the locking part to lock with the locking part. When the first connecting assembly 117 and the second connecting assembly 125 are in the unlocked state, under the action of external force, the locking part can compress the first elastic member to unlock the locking part from the locking part.

[0086] In some embodiments of this application, such as Figure 1 As shown, the first connecting assembly 117 includes a fourth elastic element 1171 and a locking ball 1172, with the locking ball 1172 connected to the first bracket 117 via the fourth elastic element 1171. The second connecting assembly 125 includes a locking block 1251 disposed on the second bracket, with a locking groove 1252 provided on the locking block 1251. The shape of the locking groove 1252 matches the shape of the locking ball 1172, and when the tool head 110 engages with the hot end 120, the locking ball 1172 is located in the locking groove 1252.

[0087] The first connecting assembly 117 includes a fourth elastic element 1171 and a locking ball 1172. The fourth elastic element 1171 can be a spring and is mounted on the first bracket 111. The locking ball 1172 is fixed to one end of the fourth elastic element 1171, partially protruding from the surface of the first bracket 111. The second connecting assembly 125 includes a locking block 1251, which is fixed to the second bracket. The locking block 1251 has a hemispherical locking groove 1252 that matches the shape of the locking ball 1172. The depth of the locking groove 1252 can be adapted to the radius of the locking ball 1172, or the depth of the locking groove 1252 can be less than the radius of the locking ball 1172. The depth of the locking groove 1252 needs to be set to ensure that the locking ball 1172 is stably engaged after being inserted into the locking groove 1252, and that the locking ball 1172 can slide out of the locking groove 1252 after a certain external force is applied.

[0088] When the tool head 110 mates with the hot end 120, the locking block 1251 first contacts the locking ball 1172, pushing the locking ball 1172 into the first bracket 111 to compress the fourth elastic element 1171. As the mating continues, when the locking ball 1172 aligns with the locking groove 1252, the fourth elastic element 1171 resets, pushing the locking ball 1172 into the locking groove 1252, completing precise positioning and fixation. When separation is required, a certain separation force is applied, and the locking ball 1172 disengages from the locking groove 1252, compressing the fourth elastic element 1171 and separating from the locking block 1251.

[0089] The spherical fit between the locking ball 1172 and the locking groove 1252 ensures precise docking and positioning of the tool head 110 and the hot end 120. The preload of the fourth elastic element 1171 keeps the locking ball 1172 continuously engaged with the locking groove 1252, resisting vibrations during printing and preventing material 160 feeding fluctuations due to loose connections. Using this structure, disassembly and assembly can be completed without tools; separation only requires applying a preset tension. This connection structure features stable connection and convenient operation.

[0090] refer to Figure 6 and Figure 7 , Figure 6 This application provides a schematic diagram illustrating the connection between a first connecting component and a second connecting component in a multi-hot-end 3D printer. Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram illustrating another structure for connecting a first connecting component and a second connecting component in a multi-hot-end 3D printer, as provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 6 The diagram shows the state in which the first connecting component and the second connecting component are engaged. Figure 7 The state of the first connection component and the second connection component during the unlocking process is shown.

[0091] like Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown in some embodiments of this application, the first connecting assembly 117 includes a connecting block 1173, a fourth elastic element, and a locking tongue 1174. The connecting block 1173 has a groove, and the locking tongue 1174 is slidably installed in the groove. The fourth elastic element is disposed between the bottom of the groove and the locking tongue 1174. The second connecting assembly 125 includes a connecting rod 1253 and a locking block 1254. The locking block 1254 is disposed at one end of the connecting rod 1253 near the first connecting assembly 117, and is used to cooperate with the locking tongue 1174 to form a lock. During the locking process of the first connecting assembly 117 and the second connecting assembly 125, the locking tongue 1174 is pushed by the locking block 1254 and compresses the second elastic element to generate an elastic force. Under the action of the elastic force, the locking tongue 1174 locks with the locking block 1254.

[0092] The first connecting assembly 117 includes a connecting block 1173, a locking tongue 1174, and a fourth elastic element. The connecting block 1173 is fixed to the tool head 110. A groove is formed inside the connecting block 1173, and the locking tongue 1174 is slidably embedded in the groove, allowing it to slide back and forth along the groove. The fourth elastic element (such as a spring) is located between the bottom of the groove and the locking tongue 1174, with one end abutting the bottom of the groove and the other end abutting the locking tongue 1174. In its natural state, it pushes the locking tongue 1174 out of the groove. The second connecting assembly 125 includes a connecting rod 1253 and a locking block 1254. One end of the connecting rod 1253 is fixed to the hot end 120, and the other end extends toward the tool head 110. The locking block 1254 is fixed to the end of the connecting rod 1253 near the tool head 110. The size of the locking block 1254 is adapted to the locking tongue 1174, allowing it to engage with the locking tongue 1174 to form a lock.

[0093] When the tool head 110 approaches the hot end 120, the locking block 1254 first contacts the locking tongue 1174, pushing the locking tongue 1174 to compress the fourth elastic element and slide along the groove to the bottom of the recess. Figure 6 As shown, when the two are fully engaged, the locking tongue 1174 pops out under the restoring force of the fourth elastic element and engages with one side of the locking block 1254, forming a stable lock and preventing accidental separation of the tool head 110 and the hot end 120. The groove design limits the sliding direction of the locking tongue 1174, ensuring that the locking tongue 1174 moves only along the engagement direction and preventing misalignment. The elastic force of the fourth elastic element causes the locking tongue 1174 to automatically engage without manual operation, improving the ease of docking.

[0094] like Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown, in some embodiments of this application, the second connecting component 125 further includes an unlocking block 1255, a boss 1256 is provided on the connecting rod 1253, the unlocking block 1255 is slidably connected to the connecting rod 1253 and is located between the boss 1256 and the locking block 1254, and the unlocking block 1255 is provided with a slope or curved surface for unlocking the latch 1174.

[0095] The second connecting assembly 125 adds an unlocking block 1255 to the connecting rod 1253. A boss 1256 protrudes outward from the middle of the connecting rod 1253. The unlocking block 1255 is slidably fitted onto the connecting rod 1253 and is located between the boss 1256 and the locking block 1254, allowing it to slide back and forth along the connecting rod 1253 between the boss 1256 and the locking block 1254. One side of the unlocking block 1255 has a slope / curved surface, which is used to push the latch 1174 to unlock. The boss 1256 limits the sliding range of the unlocking block 1255 and abuts against it, allowing the latch 1174 to move to the slope / curved surface side of the unlocking block 1255 for easier unlocking later.

[0096] When it is necessary to separate the tool head 110 from the hot end 120, the tool head 110 continues to move towards the hot end 120, causing the locking tongue 1174 to move towards the unlocking block 1255. The unlocking block 1255 cannot move further due to the limiting effect of the boss 1256, until the locking tongue 1174 moves to the inclined / curved side of the unlocking block 1255. Then, the tool head 110 moves away from the hot end 120. Since the unlocking block 1255 is slidably connected to the connecting rod 1253, the locking tongue 1174 drives the unlocking block 1255 to move until the unlocking block 1255 abuts against the locking block 1254. At this time, the locking tongue 1174 is located on the inclined / curved side of the unlocking block 1255, while the unlocking block 1255 abuts against the flat side of the locking block 1254. The structure formed by the unlocking block 1255 and the locking block 1254 has inclined / curved surfaces on both sides. The tool head 110 continues to move away from the hot end 120. The inclined / curved surface of the unlocking block 1255 contacts and presses the locking tongue 1174, causing the locking tongue 1174 to overcome the elastic force of the second elastic element and slide along the groove to the bottom of the recess. This disengages the locking block 1255 and the locking block 1254 from their engaged state, thus unlocking the tool head 110 from the hot end 120.

[0097] In some embodiments of this application, the first connecting component includes a fourth elastic element and a first magnetic element, the first magnetic element being connected to one end of the fourth elastic element, and the second connecting component includes a second magnetic element, the first magnetic element and the second magnetic element being connected by magnetic connection to realize the connection between the first connecting component 117 and the second connecting component 125.

[0098] A first connecting assembly is disposed on the tool head 110. A first magnetic element is elastically connected to the tool head 110 via a fourth elastic element, wherein the fourth elastic element can be a spring, and the first magnetic element can be a permanent magnet. One end of the fourth elastic element is fixed to the tool head 110 support, and the other end is fixedly connected to the first magnetic element. In some other embodiments, the first magnetic element may also be fixedly connected to the tool head 110.

[0099] The second connecting component is disposed on the hot end 120, and the second magnetic component is fixed on the second bracket of the hot end 120. The second magnetic component can be an electromagnet and can be connected to the control system of the 3D printer through wires to switch the current direction to change the polarity of the second magnetic component.

[0100] When locking is required, the control system energizes the electromagnet, causing the second magnetic component to approach one end of the first magnetic component. Since the polarity of the second magnetic component is opposite to that of the first magnetic component approaching the second, the second magnetic component attracts the first magnetic component, pulling it towards the second magnetic component. Simultaneously, the fourth elastic component is slightly stretched. The first and second magnetic components are magnetically connected to connect the hot end 120 to the tool head 110.

[0101] When unlocking is required, the control system switches the current direction of the electromagnet, so that the second magnetic component is close to the end of the first magnetic component, and the polarity of the end of the first magnetic component close to the second magnetic component is the same. The second magnetic component and the first magnetic component generate a repulsive force, pushing the first magnetic component to move away from the second magnetic component. The fourth elastic component restores its deformation, and the hot end 120 separates from the tool head 110.

[0102] In some embodiments of this application, reference is made to Figure 8 , Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a 3D printer provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 8 As shown, the multi-hot end 3D printer also includes a frame 150, on which a printing platform 151 is mounted. The tool head 110 is slidably connected to the printing platform 151 via a sliding assembly, and the hot end 120 is detachably connected to the printing platform 151.

[0103] The frame 150, serving as the basic framework of the equipment, can be made of metal to ensure overall structural stability. A printing platform 151 is mounted on top of the frame 150. The printing platform 151 is a flat metal plate or other material panel with a polished surface, used to support the 3D model forming process. The softened material 160 extruded from the hot end 120 cools and solidifies on the printing platform 151 to form a 3D model. The flatness of the printing platform 151 directly affects the model forming accuracy.

[0104] The tool head 110 of the feeding device is connected to the printing platform 151 via a sliding assembly. The sliding assembly may include a guide rail and a drive motor. The guide rail is fixed to the printing platform 151, and the bottom of the tool head 110 slides in conjunction with the guide rail. The drive motor drives the tool head 110 to move along the guide rail, achieving precise positioning of the tool head 110 above the printing platform 151. The sliding assembly can drive the tool head 110 to any hot end 120 to complete docking and material delivery 160.

[0105] The hot end 120 is detachably connected to one side of the printing platform 151. For example, the printing platform 151 has multiple stations, each with a slot or magnetic structure. The hot end 120 is embedded in the station and stored in an orderly manner when not in use to avoid damage. When a particular hot end 120 is needed, the sliding component drives the tool head 110 to move to the corresponding station, mates with the hot end 120, and printing can begin after docking. When switching hot ends 120, the tool head 110 detaches from the current hot end 120 and moves to the new station to dock with the new hot end 120.

[0106] The detachable connection between the tool head 110 and the hot end 120, along with the movement of the sliding component, allows the equipment to flexibly switch between hot ends 120 of different colors or materials to meet diverse printing needs, while ensuring stable feeding and forming quality, thus enhancing the equipment's practicality and competitiveness.

[0107] refer to Figure 8 and Figure 9 , Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the connection between the hot end and the frame in a multi-hot end 3D printer provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0108] The multi-hot-end 3D printer also includes a hot-end dock fixedly mounted on the frame, and third and fourth connecting components that are detachably connected. The third and fourth connecting components are respectively located on the hot-end dock and the hot end. The hot-end dock and the hot end are installed and removed by connecting and removing the third and fourth connecting components.

[0109] For example, the third connecting component can be located at the hot end and the fourth connecting component can be located at the hot end dock; alternatively, the third connecting component can be located at the hot end dock and the fourth connecting component can be located at the hot end. This application will illustrate this by taking the example of the third connecting component being located at the hot end and the fourth connecting component being located at the hot end dock.

[0110] like Figure 8 and Figure 9 As shown, in some embodiments of this application, the hot end dock may include a placement frame 152 and multiple mounting components 153. The placement frame 152 is located on the printing platform 151 of the rack 150, and the multiple mounting components 153 are fixedly disposed on the placement frame 152, with the hot end 120 detachably connected to the mounting components 153.

[0111] The hot end 120 and the mounting bracket 153 can be connected by a snap-fit ​​mechanism. For example... Figure 9 As shown, the third connecting component includes a hook 154, which is disposed on the mounting member 153. The fourth connecting component includes a mounting hole 128, which is disposed on the hot end 120. The mounting hole 128 is used to cooperate with the hook 154 of the mounting member 153 to connect and disconnect the third connecting component and the fourth connecting component. When it is necessary to connect the hot end 120 to the mounting member 153, the hook 154 can be pushed through the mounting hole 128 on the hot end 120 to achieve the connection between the two. The hot end 120 can slide on the placement frame 152 with the mounting member 153. When it is necessary to remove the hot end from the mounting member 153, the hook 154 can be removed from the mounting hole 128 of the hot end 120 to achieve the separation between the two.

[0112] The above are merely specific embodiments of this application, but the scope of protection of this application is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in this application should be included within the scope of protection of this application.

[0113] The various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner, with each embodiment focusing on the differences from other embodiments. The same or similar parts between the various embodiments can be referred to each other.

[0114] Although preferred embodiments of the present application have been described, those skilled in the art, upon learning the basic inventive concept, can make other changes and modifications to these embodiments. Therefore, the scope of protection of this application includes the preferred embodiments as well as all changes and modifications falling within the scope of the embodiments of this application.

[0115] This document uses specific examples to illustrate the working principle and implementation method of the multi-hot-end 3D printer of this application. The above description of the embodiments is only for the purpose of helping to understand the specific settings and core ideas of this application. At the same time, for those skilled in the art, there will be changes in the specific implementation method and application scope based on the ideas of this application. Therefore, the content of this specification should not be construed as a limitation of this application.

[0116] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of this application, but the scope of protection of this application is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions within the technical scope disclosed in this application should be included within the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, the scope of protection of this application should be determined by the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A multi-heat-end 3D printer, characterized in that, include: The tool head includes an extrusion device for driving material movement to achieve feeding; and... Multiple hot ends, detachably mounted to the tool head, for loading material; When the hot end is installed on the tool head, the material is installed on the extrusion device.

2. The multi-hot-end 3D printer as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The tool head includes a first support, and the extrusion device includes a first opening and closing member, a second opening and closing member, a driving wheel, and a driven wheel. The first opening and closing member and the second opening and closing member are rotatably connected to the first support, the driving wheel is rotatably connected to the first opening and closing member, and the driven wheel is rotatably connected to the second opening and closing member. The tool head also includes an opening and closing drive member with its two ends respectively abutting against the first opening and closing member and the second opening and closing member. The opening and closing drive member is used to drive the first opening and closing member and the second opening and closing member to open, so as to increase the gap between the driving wheel and the driven wheel, and facilitate the installation of the material.

3. The multi-hot-end 3D printer as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The tool head also includes a first elastic element connected between the first opening and closing member and the second opening and closing member. The first elastic element is in a tensioned state and is used to provide elastic force to close the first opening and closing member and the second opening and closing member, thereby reducing the gap between the driving wheel and the driven wheel and clamping the material.

4. The multi-hot-end 3D printer as described in claim 2 or 3, characterized in that, The upper end of the opening and closing drive component is larger than the lower end, and the end of the opening and closing drive component closest to the feed block is the upper end; the opening and closing drive component is used to move downward to drive the first opening and closing component and the second opening and closing component to roll outward and open, and increase the gap between the driving wheel and the driven wheel.

5. The multi-hot-end 3D printer as described in claim 4, characterized in that, The multi-hot end 3D printer also includes a frame and a fixing block fixedly disposed on the frame. The tool head is mounted on the frame and is used to drive the hot end to move relative to the frame. The opening and closing drive component is provided with a drive block, and the drive block and the fixing block are engaged by an inclined surface. As the tool head moves toward the fixed block, the drive block contacts the fixed block and moves along the inclined surface on the fixed block, pushing the opening and closing drive member downward.

6. The multi-hot-end 3D printer as described in claim 5, characterized in that, The first bracket is also provided with an ejector and a second elastic member. The ejector is elastically connected to the first bracket through the second elastic member. The ejector is perpendicular to the opening and closing drive member. When the hot end is installed on the tool head, the end of the ejector away from the second elastic member abuts against the hot end. During the downward movement of the opening and closing drive member, the second elastic member provides elastic force, and the ejector member moves towards the hot end under the action of the elastic force, following the movement of the opening and closing drive member.

7. The multi-hot-end 3D printer as described in claim 6, characterized in that, The opening and closing drive component is provided with a first mating groove, and the bottom of the first mating groove is provided with a first mating slope. The ejector component is provided with a second mating groove, and the side of the second mating groove is provided with a second mating slope. The opening and closing drive component is perpendicular to the ejector component by engaging with the first and second mating grooves. The first and second mating inclined surfaces are in contact with each other, and the ejector component and the opening and closing drive component slide relative to each other through the engagement of the first and second mating inclined surfaces.

8. The multi-hot-end 3D printer as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The opening and closing drive component engages with the inclined surfaces of the first opening and closing component and the second opening and closing component.

9. The multi-hot-end 3D printer as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The multi-hot-end 3D printer includes a detachably connected first connection component and a second connection component; The first connecting component is disposed on the tool head and the second connecting component is disposed on the hot end; or, The first connecting component is disposed at the hot end and the second connecting component is disposed at the tool head; The tool head and the hot end are installed and removed by connecting and disconnecting the first connecting component and the second connecting component.

10. The multi-hot-end 3D printer as described in claim 9, characterized in that, The first connecting assembly includes a third elastic member and a latching portion connected to the end of the third elastic member; the second connecting assembly includes a locking portion for locking with the latching portion; and the third elastic member is used to provide an elastic force for locking the latching portion with the locking portion. When the first connecting component and the second connecting component are in a connected state, the latching part is locked to the locking part; when the first connecting component and the second connecting component are in a disassembled state, the latching part is unlocked to the locking part.

11. The multi-hot-end 3D printer as described in claim 9, characterized in that, The first connecting component includes a first magnetic element, and the second connecting component includes a second magnetic element. The first magnetic element and the second magnetic element are connected by magnetic connection to realize the connection between the first connecting component and the second connecting component.

12. The multi-hot-end 3D printer as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The hot end includes: The feed block is provided with a groove; and, A nozzle is connected to the feed block, and the material is inserted into the nozzle through a groove in the feed block; When the hot end is installed on the tool head, the material is installed on the extrusion device through the groove, and the extrusion device is used to push the material in the groove into the nozzle.

13. The multi-hot-end 3D printer as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The multi-hot end 3D printer also includes a frame and a hot end dock. The tool head is mounted on the frame and is used to move the hot end relative to the frame. The hot end dock is fixedly disposed on the frame. The multi-hot-end 3D printer also includes a detachably connected third connection component and a fourth connection component; The third connecting component is disposed on the hot end dock and the fourth connecting component is disposed on the hot end; or, The third connecting component is disposed at the hot end and the fourth connecting component is disposed at the hot end dock; The hot end dock and the hot end are installed and removed by connecting and disconnecting the third connecting component and the fourth connecting component.

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