Rail scanning device

Abstract

The utility model relates to a kind of scanning device of steel rail.This steel rail scanning device includes moving part, first scanning mechanism, second scanning mechanism and guiding mechanism, moving part is used to drive first scanning mechanism and second scanning mechanism along the extension direction of steel rail moves;First scanning mechanism is used to scan rail head and rail waist;Second scanning mechanism is used to scan rail bottom;Guiding mechanism includes two groups of first guiding component, two groups of first guiding component are spaced apart in first scanning mechanism along first direction, and first guiding component includes guide wheel, guide wheel is abutted with rail head, and first scanning mechanism movement drives guide wheel rotation.Utilize guiding mechanism to provide the guidance for the movement of entire steel rail scanning device, avoid the deviation or wobble of first scanning mechanism and second scanning mechanism in moving process, and between guide wheel and rail head is rolling friction, and it will not cause excessive wear on the surface of rail head, reduce the risk of damage of steel rail due to excessive friction with guiding mechanism.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of track flaw detection technology, and in particular to a rail scanning device. Background Technology

[0002] The safety of railway tracks is fundamental to ensuring smooth railway transportation and passenger safety. In order to effectively monitor and prevent rail faults and damage, the inspection and maintenance of rails is of paramount importance.

[0003] Rails consist of a rail head, rail web, and rail base. Ultrasonic probes are typically used to scan these components. The probes emit ultrasonic waves to scan the rail head, rail web, and rail base. Specifically, a 70° probe is used to scan the rail head, a 38° probe to scan the rail web, and a water-immersed wheel probe to scan the rail base.

[0004] Currently, scanning devices with multiple probes are typically mounted on drive trolleys or trains for high-speed inspection, or mounted on pushcarts for pushing inspection, to achieve comprehensive inspection of the rails. However, the scanning device may deviate or sway during movement, affecting the smooth progress of the inspection. Therefore, guide components are usually required to guide the scanning device. However, existing guide components often generate large friction between themselves and the rails, causing the rails to be easily worn. Utility Model Content

[0005] Therefore, it is necessary to provide a rail scanning device to address the problem that the guide components of the scanning device are prone to wear on the rail.

[0006] A rail scanning device for scanning the rail head, rail web, and rail base, comprising:

[0007] The first scanning mechanism is used to scan the rail head and the rail web;

[0008] The second scanning mechanism is used to scan the bottom of the track.

[0009] A movable component is used to drive the first scanning mechanism and the second scanning mechanism to move along the extension direction of the rail;

[0010] The guiding mechanism includes two sets of first guiding components, which are spaced apart from each other along a first direction on the first scanning mechanism. Each first guiding component includes a guide wheel, which abuts against the rail head. When the first scanning mechanism moves along the extension direction of the rail, it can drive the guide wheel to rotate. The first direction is perpendicular to the extension direction of the rail.

[0011] In one embodiment, the first guiding component further includes:

[0012] The guide seat is fixed to the first scanning mechanism;

[0013] A rotating shaft is rotatably connected to the guide seat, and the guide wheel is detachably sleeved on the rotating shaft.

[0014] In one embodiment, the first scanning mechanism includes:

[0015] At least one first probe, which emits ultrasonic waves to scan the rail head;

[0016] At least one second probe, which emits ultrasonic waves to scan the rail web,

[0017] The track is located between the first probe, the second probe, and the rail head. The track can conform to the rail head. The track is made of flexible material, and the difference between the acoustic impedance of the track and the acoustic impedance of the rail is not greater than a preset value. The distance between the first probe and the track is within a first preset range, and the distance between the second probe and the track is within the first preset range.

[0018] In one embodiment, the first scanning mechanism further includes:

[0019] An mounting component is disposed on the movable component, and the first probe and the second probe are disposed on the mounting component;

[0020] The track assembly includes two track rollers and the track. The two track rollers are spaced apart along the extension direction of the rail and are rotatably connected to the mounting component. The two track rollers can abut against the rail head, and the track is tensioned and sleeved on the two track rollers.

[0021] In one embodiment, the first scanning mechanism further includes:

[0022] A first floating component is disposed on the moving part, and the mounting part is connected to the output end of the first floating component. The first floating component is configured to drive the mounting part to lift or press down so that the track moves away from or fits against the rail head.

[0023] In one embodiment, the second scanning mechanism includes:

[0024] At least one third probe, the second scanning mechanism is connected to the first scanning mechanism, and the third probe is used to scan the bottom of the rail;

[0025] The second floating component is disposed on the first scanning mechanism, and the third probe is connected to the output end of the second floating component. The second floating component is configured to drive the third probe to lift or press down so that the third probe is close to or away from the bottom of the rail. When the distance between the third probe and the bottom of the rail is within a second preset range, the third probe can scan the bottom of the rail.

[0026] A detection component is configured to detect obstacles at the bottom of the track, and the detection component is communicatively connected to the second floating component.

[0027] In one embodiment, the third probe is configured to scan the rail bottom when in contact with it, and the second floating component includes:

[0028] The second driving component has its fixed end disposed on the first scanning mechanism;

[0029] A first adapter block, a second adapter block, and a second elastic element are provided. The two ends of the second elastic element are respectively connected to the first adapter block and the second adapter block. The first adapter block is connected to the output end of the second drive element. The third probe is connected to the second adapter block.

[0030] In one embodiment, the rail is I-shaped, and the rail base is provided on both sides of the rail web. The second scanning mechanism further includes:

[0031] A first adjustment component is disposed on the first scanning mechanism. The first adjustment component has a connecting end, the distance between the connecting end and the rail web is adjustable, and the angle of the connecting end relative to the rail web is adjustable. A second floating component is connected to the connecting end of the first adjustment component.

[0032] In one embodiment, the first adjustment component includes:

[0033] A fixed beam is fixedly connected to the first scanning mechanism;

[0034] An adjusting member is connected to the fixed beam in an adjustable position along the first direction;

[0035] A rotating component is rotatably connected to the adjusting component about the extension direction of the rail, and the second floating component is fixedly connected to the rotating component.

[0036] In one embodiment, the rail scanning device further includes:

[0037] A cleaning mechanism is configured to clean the rail head and the rail bottom.

[0038] The aforementioned rail scanning device incorporates a guiding mechanism. This mechanism guides the movement of the entire scanning device, preventing deviation, swaying, or tilting of the first and second scanning mechanisms during movement. This ensures that both mechanisms accurately scan the rail head and / or rail web and / or rail base along the predetermined path, guaranteeing accurate scanning results. Furthermore, the first guiding component includes a rotatable guide wheel, meaning there is rolling friction between the first guiding component and the rail head. This reduces wear on the guide wheel and rail head surface, preventing excessive wear on the rail head surface while maintaining the guiding function of the guiding mechanism. This lowers the risk of rail damage due to excessive friction with the guiding mechanism. Attached Figure Description

[0039] Figure 1 This is one of the structural schematic diagrams of a rail scanning device provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0040] Figure 2 This is a side view of the first scanning mechanism, the guiding mechanism, and the rail provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0041] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the cooperation between the rail and the first scanning mechanism provided in one embodiment of the present invention.

[0042] Figure 4 for Figure 3 A magnified view of a portion of point A in the middle.

[0043] Figure 5 This is a second schematic diagram of the rail scanning device provided in one embodiment of the present invention.

[0044] Figure 6 for Figure 5 A magnified view of a section at point B in the middle.

[0045] Figure 7 This is a front view of a rail scanning device provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0046] The above figures include the following reference numerals:

[0047] 1. Rail; 11. Rail head; 12. Rail web; 13. Rail base;

[0048] 2. First scanning mechanism; 211. First probe; 212. Second probe; 22. Mounting component; 23. Track assembly; 231. Track wheel; 232. Track; 2321. Track body; 2322. Toothed track; 24. First floating assembly; 241. Connecting seat; 242. First driving component; 243. Adapter; 244. First elastic component; 25. Cleaning component; 26. Second adjusting assembly; 261. Adjusting block; 262. Adjusting screw; 263. Third oblong hole; 264. Third locking component; 27. Third floating assembly; 271. Connecting component; 272. Third elastic component; 273. Clamping module; 2731. Clamping component; 2732. Roller; 28. Second guide assembly;

[0049] 3. Second scanning mechanism; 31. Third probe; 32. Second floating assembly; 321. Second driving component; 322. First adapter block; 323. Second adapter block; 324. Second elastic component; 325. Fixing component; 33. Detection assembly; 34. First adjustment assembly; 341. Fixed beam; 342. Adjusting component; 343. Rotating component; 3431. Second oblong hole; 344. Second locking component; 35. Fifth guide assembly;

[0050] 4. Guiding mechanism; 41. First guiding assembly; 411. Guide wheel; 412. Guide seat; 413. Rotating shaft;

[0051] 5. Rail head cleaning assembly; 51. First high-pressure water gun; 52. First cleaning brush; 53. Scraper;

[0052] 6. Rail bottom cleaning assembly; 61. Second high-pressure water gun; 62. Second cleaning brush. Detailed Implementation

[0053] To make the above-mentioned objects, features, and advantages of this utility model more apparent and understandable, the specific embodiments of this utility model will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Many specific details are set forth in the following description to provide a full understanding of this utility model. However, this utility model can be implemented in many other ways different from those described herein, and those skilled in the art can make similar modifications without departing from the spirit of this utility model. Therefore, this utility model is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0054] In the description of this utility model, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "transverse", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential", etc., indicating the orientation or positional relationship are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing this utility model and simplifying the description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this utility model.

[0055] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of indicated technical features. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of that feature. In the description of this utility model, "a plurality of" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0056] In this utility model, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "joining," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components, unless otherwise explicitly limited. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this utility model according to the specific circumstances.

[0057] In this utility model, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, "above" or "below" the second feature can mean that the first feature is in direct contact with the second feature, or that the first feature is in indirect contact with the second feature through an intermediate medium. Furthermore, "above," "on top of," and "over" the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. "Below," "below," and "under" the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.

[0058] It should be noted that when an element is referred to as being "fixed to" or "set on" another element, it can be directly on the other element or there may be an intervening element. When an element is considered to be "connected to" another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or there may be an intervening element. The terms "vertical," "horizontal," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," and similar expressions used herein are for illustrative purposes only and do not represent the only possible implementation.

[0059] like Figure 1 As shown, rail 1 typically includes a rail head 11, rail web 12, and rail base 13. One embodiment of this application provides a rail scanning device for scanning the rail head 11, rail web 12, and rail base 13 of rail 1. This rail scanning device includes a moving component, a first scanning mechanism 2, a second scanning mechanism 3, and a guiding mechanism 4. The moving component drives the first scanning mechanism 2 and the second scanning mechanism 3 to move along the extension direction of rail 1. The first scanning mechanism 2 scans the rail head 11 and rail web 12; the second scanning mechanism 3 scans the rail base 13; the guiding mechanism 4 includes two sets of first guiding components 41, which are spaced apart from the first scanning mechanism 2 along a first direction. Each first guiding component 41 includes a guide wheel 411, which abuts against the rail head 11. When the first scanning mechanism 2 moves along the extension direction of rail 1, it can drive the guide wheel 411 to rotate. The first direction is perpendicular to the extension direction of rail 1. Figures 1-7 As shown, the first direction is the X direction, and the extension direction of rail 1 is the Y direction.

[0060] The moving part moves along the extension direction of the rail 1 to drive the first scanning mechanism 2 and the second scanning mechanism 3 to move on the rail 1, thereby achieving a comprehensive scan of the rail 1. Two sets of first guide components 41 are spaced apart on the first scanning mechanism 2 along the first direction. This arrangement allows the guide mechanism 4 to constrain and guide the first scanning mechanism 2 and the second scanning mechanism 3 from both sides of the rail 1, ensuring the directional stability of the first scanning mechanism 2 and the second scanning mechanism 3 during movement. When the first scanning mechanism 2 moves along the extension direction of the rail 1, the guide wheel 411 will rotate accordingly, so that the friction between the first guide component 41 and the rail 1 is rolling friction, which is relatively small, making the operation of the rail scanning device smoother.

[0061] This rail scanning device employs a guide mechanism 4 to guide the movement of the entire device, preventing the first and second scanning mechanisms 2 and 3 from deviating, swaying, or tilting during movement. This ensures that the first and second scanning mechanisms 2 and 3 accurately scan the rail head 11 and / or rail web 12 and / or rail base 13 along the predetermined path of the rail 1, guaranteeing accurate scanning results. Furthermore, the first guide assembly 41 includes a rotatable guide wheel 411, meaning that rolling friction exists between the first guide assembly 41 and the rail head 11. This reduces wear on the surfaces of the guide wheel 411 and the rail head 11, preventing excessive wear on the rail head 11 surface while the guide mechanism 4 provides guidance, thus reducing the risk of damage to the rail 1 due to excessive friction with the guide mechanism 4.

[0062] It should be noted that the moving part can be a drive trolley or a train.

[0063] Optionally, such as Figure 1 , Figure 2 As shown, the first guide assembly 41 includes a guide seat 412, a rotating shaft 413, and a guide wheel 411. The guide seat 412 is fixed to the first scanning mechanism 2; the rotating shaft 413 is rotatably connected to the guide seat 412; and the guide wheel 411 is detachably sleeved on the rotating shaft 413. The guide seat 412 is fixedly installed on the first scanning mechanism 2, providing a stable support base for the entire first guide assembly 41. The rotating shaft 413 is rotatably connected to the guide seat 412, and the guide wheel 411 is detachably sleeved on the rotating shaft 413. The rotating shaft 413 serves as the rotation axis 413 of the guide wheel 411, ensuring that the guide wheel 411 can rotate when subjected to external force. The detachable connection of the guide wheel 411 to the rotating shaft 413 allows for convenient and quick replacement of the guide wheel 411 after damage, shortening maintenance time.

[0064] It should be noted that there can be multiple guide mechanisms 4, which are spaced apart along the extension direction of the rail 1 to provide guidance for the movement of the scanning device.

[0065] In some embodiments, the first scanning mechanism 2 includes at least one first probe 211 and at least one second probe 212. The first probe 211 emits ultrasonic waves to scan the rail head 11, and the second probe 212 emits ultrasonic waves to scan the rail web 12. In this case, the first probe 211 and the second probe 212 need to be coupled to the rail head 11 to ensure that ultrasonic waves can be transmitted to the rail head 11 and the rail web 12, thereby achieving the scanning. However, because the rail head 11 is made of a relatively hard material, under high-frequency vibration or rough surface conditions, the first probe 211 and the second probe 212 are prone to wear and tear and require frequent replacement. The first probe 211 and the second probe 212 are expensive, resulting in high scanning costs. Furthermore, the first probe 211 and the second probe 212 are in rigid contact with the surface of the rail head 11, leading to large fluctuations in coupling pressure and affecting signal consistency.

[0066] To solve the above problems, such as Figure 1 As shown, the first scanning mechanism 2 also includes a track 232, which is located between the first probe 211, the second probe 212, and the rail head 11. The track 232 can conform to the rail head 11. The track 232 is made of a flexible material, and the difference between the acoustic impedance of the track 232 and the acoustic impedance of the rail 1 is not greater than a preset value. The distance between the first probe 211 and the track 232 is within a first preset range, and the distance between the second probe 212 and the track 232 is within a first preset range. Since the distances between the first probe 211 and the second probe 212 and the track 232 are both within the first preset range, and the difference between the acoustic impedance of the track 232 and the acoustic impedance of the rail 1 is not greater than the preset value, ultrasonic waves can be effectively transmitted through the track 232 to the rail head 11 and / or the rail web 12 and reflected back to be received by the first probe 211 or the second probe 212. Because the track 232 is located between the first probe 211, the second probe 212, and the rail head 11 and is made of a flexible material, direct rigid contact between the first probe 211 and the second probe 212 and the relatively hard rail head 11 is avoided. Under conditions of high-frequency vibration or rough surface of the rail head 11, the wear of the first probe 211 and the second probe 212 is reduced, lowering the high cost caused by frequent replacement of the first probe 211 and the second probe 212. The track 232 is made of a flexible material, and the difference in acoustic impedance between it and the rail 1 is no greater than a preset value. Compared to the first probe 211 and the second probe 212 directly contacting the rail head 11 rigidly, the first probe 211 and the second probe 212 are coupled to the rail head 11 through the track 232, which reduces coupling pressure fluctuations, thereby improving signal consistency and facilitating more accurate detection and prevention of damage to the rail head 11 and rail web 12. It should be noted that the first preset range and preset value are determined by actual needs, as long as they ensure normal scanning of the first probe 211 and the second probe 212; this embodiment does not impose any limitations.

[0067] The track 232 can be made of natural rubber, which has good flexibility and elasticity, and relatively consistent sound resistance. By properly adjusting its formula and process, the difference in sound resistance between the track 232 and the rail 1 can be kept within a preset value. It should be noted that the specific material selection for the track 232 depends on actual needs, and this embodiment does not impose any limitations on it.

[0068] Optionally, the first probe 211 is a 70° probe, which emits inclined ultrasonic waves to perform full coverage detection of the rail head 11 using primary and secondary waves; the second probe 212 is a 38° probe, which emits inclined ultrasonic waves to cover different depth areas of the rail web 12 using the refraction angle.

[0069] Optionally, such as Figure 1 , Figure 2 As shown, the first scanning mechanism 2 also includes a mounting component 22 and a track assembly 23. The mounting component 22 is disposed on the moving component, and the first probe 211 and the second probe 212 are disposed on the mounting component 22. The track assembly 23 includes two track wheels 231 and a track 232. The two track wheels 231 are spaced apart along the extension direction of the rail 1 and are rotatably connected to the mounting component 22. The two track wheels 231 can abut against the rail head 11, and the track 232 is tensioned and sleeved on the two track wheels 231. The mounting component 22 is disposed on the moving component, and the movement of the moving component directly drives the mounting component 22 to move synchronously. The first probe 211 and the second probe 212 are fixedly mounted on the mounting component 22, so the first probe 211 and the second probe 212 will also move above the rail 1 together with the mounting component 22. When the mounting component 22 moves, the track wheel 231 generates friction with the surface of the rail head 11, causing the track wheel 231 to rotate. As the track wheel 231 rotates, the track 232 circulates between the two track wheels 231. Simultaneously, the first probe 211 and the second probe 212 mounted on the mounting component 22 emit ultrasonic waves. These ultrasonic waves travel through the track 232 into the rail head 11 and / or rail web 12 to scan the rail head 11 and / or rail web 12. The surface of the rail head 11 may have bending or local deformation. Driven by the track wheel 231, the rotating track 232 continuously adjusts its contact with the rail head 11, maintaining a good fit and providing a stable and uniform coupling medium for the propagation of ultrasonic waves, ensuring accurate scanning results.

[0070] In some alternative embodiments, such as Figure 1 , Figure 2As shown, the first scanning mechanism 2 also includes a cleaning component 25, which is fixed to the mounting component 22. The cleaning component 25 is used to clean the side of the track 232 facing the rail head 11. During operation, the side of the track 232 facing the rail head 11 is easily contaminated with dust, dirt, oil, iron filings, and other impurities. These deposits can interfere with the signal transmission between the first probe 211 and the second probe 212 and the rail head 11 below the track 232. The cleaning component 25 can remove these deposits in a timely manner, ensuring good contact and signal transmission between the first probe 211 and the second probe 212 and the rail head 11, thereby improving the accuracy of the detection. The cleaning component 25 can be a brush, a high-pressure water gun, or a scraper 53, etc., and this embodiment is not limited to any particular type.

[0071] Optionally, such as Figure 3 , Figure 4 As shown, the track 232 includes a track body 2321 and two teeth 2322. The distance between the first probe 211 and the second probe 212 and the track body 2321 is within a first preset range. Along the width direction of the track 232, the two teeth 2322 are spaced apart on the track body 2321. Both teeth 2322 mesh with two track wheels 231. The two teeth 2322 and the track body 2321 form a receiving space, in which coupling fluid is contained. The difference between the acoustic impedance of the coupling fluid and the acoustic impedance of the rail 1 is not greater than a preset value. The meshing of the two teeth 2322 with the two track wheels 231 increases the connection strength and transmission stability between the track 232 and the track wheels 231, preventing the track 232 from slipping or falling off. Two toothed probes 2322 form an accommodating space with the track body 2321. This space contains a coupling fluid that fills the gap between the first probe 211, the second probe 212, and the track body 2321, eliminating air and allowing ultrasonic waves to be transmitted more efficiently from the probes to the rail head 11 and / or rail web 12, reducing energy loss and thus obtaining a stronger echo signal and improving detection sensitivity. The coupling fluid can be water.

[0072] In some alternative embodiments, the scanning mechanism further includes a first coupling fluid adding nozzle and a second coupling fluid adding nozzle, wherein the first coupling fluid adding nozzle is used to add coupling fluid into the accommodating space, and the second coupling fluid adding nozzle is used to add coupling fluid between the track 232 and the surface of the rail head 11.

[0073] Optionally, such as Figure 1 , Figure 2As shown, the first scanning mechanism 2 also includes a second adjustment component 26. The second adjustment component 26 includes an adjustment block 261 and an adjustment screw 262. The adjustment block 261 is slidably mounted on the mounting component 22 along the extension direction of the rail 1, and one of the track wheels 231 is rotatably connected to the adjustment block 261. The extension direction of the adjustment screw 262 is parallel to the extension direction of the rail 1, and the adjustment screw 262 is threadedly connected to the mounting component 22 and to the adjustment block 261. By rotating the adjustment screw 262, the adjustment block 261 can easily move linearly along the extension direction of the adjustment screw 262, thereby changing the position of the track wheel 231, which in turn changes the distance between the two track wheels 231, thereby adjusting the tension of the track 232 and making the track 232 better fit the surface of the rail head 11 of the rail 1. The position of the track wheel 231 can be adjusted by the second adjustment component 26, so that the track 232 always maintains a good tension, ensuring the stability of the detection process.

[0074] Specifically, such as Figure 1 , Figure 2 As shown, one of the adjusting block 261 and the mounting component 22 has a third locking hole, and the other has a third oblong hole 263. The extension direction of the third oblong hole 263 is parallel to the extension direction of the rail 1. The second adjusting assembly 26 also includes a third locking member 264, which passes through the third locking hole and the third oblong hole 263 to lock the adjusting block 261 and the mounting component 22. When the position of the track wheel 231 needs to be adjusted, the third locking member 264 is first loosened. After the third locking member 264 is loosened, the adjusting block 261 can slide relative to the mounting component 22 along the extension direction of the third oblong hole 263. When the adjusting block 261 slides to the target position, the third locking member 264 is tightened. The third locking member 264 will exert a squeezing effect on the adjusting block 261 and the mounting component 22, making them tightly fixed together and preventing the adjusting block 261 from continuing to slide, thereby fixing the track wheel 231 in the adjusted position and ensuring that the track 232 can operate stably during subsequent testing. The third locking element 264 provides reliable connection strength. During the scanning process, even if the scanning device is subjected to external forces such as vibration or impact, the adjusting block 261 will not easily slip, thus ensuring the stability of the track wheel 231 position.

[0075] In some embodiments, the first scanning mechanism 2 further includes a speed detection element for detecting the rotational speed of the track wheel 231, thereby obtaining the moving speed of the rail scanning device, and thus enabling the rail scanning device to be maintained at a suitable moving speed. Specifically, the speed detection element can be an electromagnetic speed sensor.

[0076] Optionally, such as Figure 3 , Figure 4As shown, the first scanning mechanism 2 also includes a third floating component 27, which includes a connector 271, a third elastic element 272, and a clamping module 273. The connector 271 is slidably connected to the mounting component 22. One end of the third elastic element 272 is disposed on the mounting component 22, and the other end of the third elastic element 272 is disposed on the connector 271. The connector 271 has a connecting end, and the third elastic element 272 is configured to drive the connecting end of the connector 271 to press down. The clamping module is fixed to the connecting end of the connector 271, and the first probe 211 or the second probe 212 is fixed on the clamping module. When the clamping module abuts against the track 232, the distance between the first probe 211 or the second probe 212 and the track 232 is within a first preset range. Since the surface of the rail head 11 may be uneven, the track 232 that is in contact with the rail head 11 may also be uneven. The elastic force of the third elastic member 272 makes the clamping module abut against the track 232, so that the distance between the track 232 and the first probe 211 or the second probe 212 is always within the first preset range.

[0077] Optionally, such as Figure 4 As shown, the first scanning mechanism 2 also includes a second guide component 28, which includes a second guide rail and a second guide block. The second guide rail extends in a direction perpendicular to the surface of the rail head 11, and the second guide block is slidably fitted on the second guide rail. One of the connector 271 and the mounting component 22 is provided with the second guide rail, and the other is provided with the second guide block. The movement of the clamping module 273 can be guided by the second guide component 28, so that the clamping module 273 can only move in a direction perpendicular to the surface of the rail head 11, thereby avoiding detection errors caused by shaking or displacement of the first probe 211 or the second probe 212, and improving the accuracy of locating defects in the rail head 11 and / or rail web 12.

[0078] In some alternative embodiments, such as Figure 4 As shown, the clamping module 273 includes a clamping member 2731 and multiple rollers 2732. The clamping member 2731 is fixed to the connecting end of the connector 271, and the probe is fixed to the clamping member 2731. The multiple rollers 2732 are rotatably connected to the clamping member 2731, and the rotation direction of the rollers 2732 is the same as the rotation direction of the track wheel 231. The rollers 2732 can reduce the friction between the clamping module 273 and the track 232, reduce wear, and at the same time facilitate the entry of coupling fluid between the first probe 211 or the second probe 212 and the track 232.

[0079] Optionally, such as Figure 1 , Figure 2As shown, the first scanning mechanism 2 also includes a first floating component 24, which is disposed on the moving part. The mounting part 22 is connected to the output end of the first floating component 24. The first floating component 24 is configured to drive the mounting part 22 to lift or press down, so that the track 232 moves away from or fits against the rail head 11. When the moving part drives the first scanning mechanism 2 to cross an obstacle on the rail head 11, the first floating component 24 lifts to avoid collision between the mounting part 22, the track assembly 23, and the probe and the obstacle, protecting the first scanning mechanism 2 from damage. When scanning is required, the first floating component 24 presses down to make the track 232 fit against the rail head 11, ensuring that the first probe 211 and the second probe 212 can scan normally.

[0080] In some alternative embodiments, such as Figure 2 As shown, the first floating component 24 includes a connecting base 241, a first driving member 242, an adapter 243, and a first elastic member 244. The connecting base 241 is connected to the moving member. The fixed end of the first driving member 242 is connected to the connecting base 241. The adapter 243 is connected to the output end of the first driving member 242. The two ends of the first elastic member 244 are respectively connected to the adapter 243 and the mounting member 22. The connecting seat 241 serves as the base of the first floating component 24 and is firmly fixed to the moving part to provide an installation platform for the first driving component 242. The first driving component 242 is used to drive the adapter 243 to lift or press down. The two ends of the first elastic component 244 are respectively connected to the adapter 243 and the mounting part 22. When the first driving component 242 drives the adapter 243 to press down, the first elastic component 244 will undergo elastic deformation to generate elastic force. This elastic force can automatically adjust the contact pressure between the track 232 and the rail head 11 to ensure that the track 232 always maintains a good fit with the rail head 11.

[0081] It should be noted that the first driving component 242 can be a motor, an electric push rod, a cylinder or a hydraulic cylinder, and this embodiment does not limit it.

[0082] Optionally, the first scanning mechanism 2 further includes a third guide assembly and a fourth guide assembly. The third guide assembly guides the movement of the adapter 243, and the fourth guide assembly guides the movement of the scanning mechanism. Specifically, the third guide assembly includes a third guide rail and a third guide block. The third guide rail extends in a direction perpendicular to the surface of the rail head 11, and the third guide block is slidably fitted on the third guide rail. One of the connecting seat 241 and the adapter 243 is provided with the third guide rail, and the other is provided with the third guide block. The fourth guide assembly includes a fourth guide rail and a fourth guide block. The fourth guide rail extends in a direction perpendicular to the surface of the rail head 11, and the fourth guide block is slidably fitted on the fourth guide rail. One of the mounting member 22 and the adapter 243 is provided with the fourth guide rail, and the other is provided with the fourth guide block.

[0083] In some embodiments, the second scanning mechanism 3 is connected to the first scanning mechanism 2 so as to move synchronously with the first scanning mechanism 2 along the extension direction of the rail 1. The second scanning mechanism 3 includes at least one third probe 31, which is used to scan the rail bottom 13. However, the rail bottom 13 usually has obstacles such as fasteners. When the third probe 31 passes through the obstacles, it may be damaged, resulting in a short service life of the third probe 31.

[0084] To solve the above problems, such as Figure 5 As shown, the second scanning mechanism 3 also includes a second floating component 32, which is disposed on the first scanning mechanism 2. A third probe 31 is connected to the output end of the second floating component 32. The second floating component 32 is configured to drive the third probe 31 to rise or fall, so that the third probe 31 approaches or moves away from the rail base 13 of the rail 1. When the distance between the third probe 31 and the rail base 13 is within a second preset range, the third probe 31 can scan the rail base 13. The detection component 33 is configured to detect obstacles on the rail base 13 and is communicatively connected to the floating component. The detection component 33 can detect in real time whether there are obstacles on the rail base 13, such as fasteners. The detection component 33 is communicatively connected to the second floating component 32 and transmits the detection information to the second floating component 32. The second floating component 32 can drive the third probe 31 to press down, bringing the third probe 31 closer to the rail base 13 of the rail 1. When the distance between the third probe 31 and the rail base 13 is within a second preset range, the third probe 31 can scan the rail base 13. When the detection component 33 detects an obstacle on the rail base 13 and transmits information to the second floating component 32, the second floating component 32 drives the third probe 31 to rise, moving the third probe 31 away from the rail base 13 of the rail 1 to avoid damage when passing the obstacle. After passing the obstacle, the second floating component 32 drives the third probe 31 to press down again to continue scanning the rail base 13. It should be noted that the second preset distance is determined according to actual needs, as long as it ensures that the third probe 31 can scan the rail base 13 normally.

[0085] Optionally, the detection component 33 can be a proximity sensor, a laser rangefinder, or a visual recognition system. Any structure in the prior art capable of detecting obstacles on the track base 13 can serve as the detection component 33 in this embodiment, and this embodiment is not limited in this regard. It should be noted that the detection component 33 can be fixed to the mounting component 22.

[0086] Optionally, the third probe 31 is a phased array immersion wheel probe. The phased array immersion wheel probe can quickly change the scanning angle and range of the ultrasonic beam through electronic scanning, thereby improving detection efficiency and shortening detection time.

[0087] Specifically, this railbed 13 scanning device also includes a third coupling fluid injection nozzle, which provides coupling fluid between the phased array water immersion probe and the railbed 13. The coupling fluid fills the tiny gaps between the phased array water immersion probe and the railbed 13, eliminating air and allowing ultrasonic waves to be transmitted more efficiently from the phased array water immersion probe to the railbed 13, reducing energy loss and thus obtaining a stronger echo signal and improving detection sensitivity. Furthermore, the coupling fluid acts as a lubricant, reducing direct friction between the phased array water immersion probe and the railbed 13, and reducing the wear of the phased array water immersion probe. The coupling fluid can be water.

[0088] In some alternative embodiments, such as Figure 5 , Figure 6 As shown, the third probe 31 is configured to scan the rail bottom 13 when it comes into contact with it. The second floating assembly 32 includes a second driving member 321, a first adapter block 322, a second adapter block 323, and a second elastic member 324. The fixed end of the second driving member 321 is disposed on the first scanning mechanism 2. The two ends of the second elastic member 324 are respectively connected to the first adapter block 322 and the second adapter block 323. The first adapter block 322 is connected to the output end of the second driving member 321, and the third probe 31 is connected to the second adapter block 323. When the third probe 31 needs to come into contact with the rail bottom 13 for detection, the second driving member 321 is activated to drive the first adapter block 322 to move downward. Since the first adapter block 322 and the second adapter block 323 are connected through the second elastic member 324, the second adapter block 323 will move downward with the first adapter block 322, thereby causing the third probe 31 connected to the second adapter block 323 to move downward until the third probe 31 comes into contact with the rail bottom 13. When the third probe 31 abuts against the rail base 13, the rail base 13 exerts an upward reaction force on the third probe 31. This reaction force is transmitted to the second elastic element 324 through the second adapter block 323, causing the second elastic element 324 to undergo elastic deformation to absorb and buffer part of the reaction force, preventing excessive force from damaging the third probe 31 and the second drive element 321. Furthermore, the second elastic element 324 can provide a certain preload when the third probe 31 abuts against the rail base 13, maintaining good coupling between the third probe 31 and the rail base 13, ensuring that ultrasonic waves are effectively transmitted from the third probe 31 to the rail base 13. In addition, the rail base 13 of the rail 1 may experience wear, deformation, or unevenness during use. The second elastic element 324 allows the third probe 31 to automatically adjust according to the surface irregularities of the rail base 13, ensuring that the third probe 31 always maintains good contact with the rail base 13, adapting to different rail base 13 scanning needs and demonstrating strong applicability.

[0089] In some embodiments, the third probe 31 is connected to the second adapter block 323, and the third coupling fluid addition nozzle is also connected to the second adapter block 323, so as to facilitate the supply of coupling fluid between the third probe 31 and the rail base 13.

[0090] It should be noted that the second driving component 321 can be a motor or a cylinder. The driving structures in the prior art can all be applied to this embodiment, and this embodiment does not limit them.

[0091] In some embodiments, such as Figure 6 As shown, the second floating component 32 also includes a fixing member 325, which is fixed to the moving mechanism, and the fixed end of the second driving member 321 is fixed to the fixing member 325.

[0092] Optionally, such as Figure 6 As shown, the second scanning mechanism 3 also includes a fifth guide component 35, which includes a fifth guide rail and a fifth guide block. The fifth guide rail is parallel to the output end of the second drive member 321, and the fifth guide block is slidably fitted onto the fifth guide rail. The first adapter block 322 and the second adapter block 323 are provided with the fifth guide block, and the fixed end of the second drive member 321 is provided with the fifth guide rail; or, the first adapter block 322 and the second adapter block 323 are provided with the fifth guide rail, and the fixed end of the second drive member 321 is provided with the fifth guide block. The fifth guide component 35 provides precise guidance for the movement of the third probe 31, so that the third probe 31 can only move in the driving direction of the second drive member 321, and will not move in other directions, avoiding detection errors caused by shaking or offset of the third probe 31, and improving the accuracy of locating defects in the rail bottom 13.

[0093] In some embodiments, such as Figure 5 , Figure 7 As shown, the rail 1 is I-shaped, and rail bases 13 are provided on both sides of the rail web 12. At this time, there are two second floating components 32, two detection components 33 and two third probes 31. The two second floating components 32 are located on both sides of the rail web 12, the two third probes 31 are respectively set on the two second floating components 32, and the two detection components 33 respectively detect obstacles on both sides of the rail bases 13.

[0094] Specifically, such as Figure 5 , Figure 6As shown, the second scanning mechanism 3 also includes a first adjusting component 34, which is mounted on the first scanning mechanism 2. The first adjusting component 34 has a connecting end, the distance between the connecting end and the rail web 12 is adjustable, and the angle of the connecting end relative to the rail web 12 is adjustable. A second floating component 32 is connected to the connecting end of the first adjusting component 34. The second floating component 32 is connected to the connecting end of the first adjusting component 34, and the distance between the connecting end of the first adjusting component 34 and one side of the rail 1 along its extension direction and the angle relative to the rail 1 are both adjustable. This allows the distance between the third probe 31 and one side of the rail 1 along its extension direction and the angle relative to the rail 1 to be adjustable, so that the rail scanning device can adapt to different specifications of I-beam rails 1. Any specification of rail 1 can be adjusted by adjusting the connecting end of the first adjusting component 34 so that the third probe 31 on the second floating component 32 can accurately contact the rail bottom 13, making it highly adaptable.

[0095] Optionally, such as Figure 5 , Figure 6 As shown, the first adjustment assembly 34 includes a fixed beam 341, an adjusting member 342, and a rotating member 343. The fixed beam 341 is fixedly connected to the first scanning mechanism 2. The adjusting member 342 is adjustablely connected to the fixed beam 341 along a first direction, which is perpendicular to the extension direction of the rail 1. The rotating member 343 is rotatably connected to the adjusting member 342 around the extension direction of the rail 1. The second floating assembly 32 is fixedly connected to the rotating member 343. The fixed beam 341 serves as the foundation of the first adjustment assembly 34 and is firmly fixed to the first scanning mechanism 2, providing a support platform for the adjusting member 342. The adjusting member 342 is adjustablely connected to the fixed beam 341 along the first direction, so that the distance between the third probe 31 and one side of the rail 1 along its extension direction can be changed by adjusting the position of the adjusting member 342. The rotating member 343 is rotatably connected to the adjusting member 342 around the extension direction of the rail 1, so that the angle of the third probe 31 relative to the rail 1 can be changed by adjusting the rotation angle of the rotating member 343.

[0096] Optionally, one of the adjusting member 342 and the fixing beam 341 has a first oblong hole, and the other has a first locking hole. The first oblong hole extends along a first direction. The first adjusting assembly 34 also includes a first locking member, which passes through the first locking hole and the first oblong hole to fix the adjusting member 342 to the fixing beam 341. Specifically, when the position of the adjusting member 342 on the fixing beam 341 needs to be adjusted, the first locking member is first released, and then the adjusting member 342 is allowed to extend along the first direction. After the adjusting member 342 is adjusted to the appropriate position, the first locking member is passed through the first locking hole and the first oblong hole and locked to fix the adjusting member 342 to the fixing beam 341. Specifically, the first locking member can be a bolt or a screw.

[0097] Optionally, such as Figure 6 As shown, one of the rotating member 343 and the adjusting member 342 has a second oblong hole 3431, and the other has a second locking hole. The second oblong hole 3431 is arc-shaped. The first adjusting assembly 34 also includes a second locking member 344, which passes through the second locking hole and the second oblong hole 3431 to fix the rotating member 343 to the adjusting member 342. When it is necessary to adjust the angle of the rotating member 343, the second locking member 344 is first loosened. Since the second oblong hole 3431 is arc-shaped, the rotating member 343 rotates along the arc-shaped trajectory defined by the second oblong hole 3431 with the connection point with the adjusting member 342 as the center. When the rotating member 343 rotates to the appropriate angle, the second locking member 344 is passed through the second locking hole and the second oblong hole 3431 and locked to fix the rotating member 343 to the adjusting member 342. Specifically, the second locking member 344 can be a bolt or a screw.

[0098] Optionally, the rail scanning device also includes a cleaning mechanism configured to clean the rail head 11 and rail base 13. During long-term use, dust, rust, oil, gravel, and other impurities accumulate on the rail head 11 and rail base 13. These impurities adhere to the surfaces of the rail head 11 and rail base 13, affecting the scanning results. The cleaning mechanism cleans the rail head 11 and rail base 13, providing a good detection environment for the first probe 211, second probe 212, and third probe 31, ensuring the accuracy of the detection results. Furthermore, by incorporating the cleaning mechanism, it moves synchronously with the first scanning mechanism 2 and the second scanning mechanism 3, eliminating the need for additional downtime for cleaning and thus increasing efficiency.

[0099] Specifically, the cleaning mechanism includes a rail head cleaning component 5 and a rail bottom cleaning component 6. The rail head cleaning component 5 is used to clean the rail head 11, and the rail bottom cleaning component 6 is used to clean the rail bottom 13.

[0100] In some alternative embodiments, such as Figure 2 As shown, the rail head 11 cleaning mechanism includes a first high-pressure water gun 51, a first cleaning brush 52, and a scraper 53. The scraper 53 is in contact with the surface of the rail head 11. The first high-pressure water gun 51 is configured to spray cleaning fluid onto the surface of the rail head 11. The first cleaning brush 52 has bristles that contact the surface of the rail head 11 and is used to clean the rail head 11. The scraper 53 is used to directly scrape off large, loose dirt adhering to the surface of the rail head 11. The first high-pressure water gun 51 sprays cleaning fluid onto the surface of the rail head 11, using its impact force to peel off dust and other impurities adhering to the surface of the rail head 11. The first cleaning brush 52 can clean the surface of the rail head 11, further cleaning away the small impurities, moisture, and some stains that are difficult to rinse away after rinsing with the first high-pressure water gun 51.

[0101] Specifically, along the forward direction of the rail scanning device, a scraper 53 is mounted on the mounting member 22 and positioned before the first probe 211 and the second probe 212, so that the scraper 53 can move synchronously with the first probe 211 and the second probe 212. A first high-pressure water gun 51 is mounted on the mounting member 22 and positioned after the scraper 53, so that the first high-pressure water gun 51 can spray cleaning fluid onto the surface of the rail head 11 after the initial cleaning by the scraper 53. A first cleaning brush 52 is mounted on the mounting member 22 and positioned after the first high-pressure water gun 51, so that the first cleaning brush 52 can sweep the rail head 11 that has been sprayed by the first high-pressure water gun 51.

[0102] In some alternative embodiments, such as Figure 5 As shown, the rail base 13 cleaning mechanism includes a second high-pressure water gun 61 and a second cleaning brush 62. The second high-pressure water gun 61 is configured to spray cleaning fluid onto the rail base 13. The second cleaning brush 62 has bristles that contact the rail base 13 and is used to clean the rail base 13. The second high-pressure water gun 61 sprays cleaning fluid onto the rail base 13, using its impact force to remove dust and other impurities adhering to the surface of the rail base 13. The second cleaning brush 62 can clean the surface of the rail base 13, further cleaning away any remaining fine impurities, moisture, and stains that are difficult to rinse away after the second high-pressure water gun 61 has rinsed the surface.

[0103] Specifically, along the forward direction of the scanning device on this rail, the second cleaning brush 62 is mounted on the second adapter block 323 and located in front of the third probe 31, so that the second cleaning brush 62 can move synchronously with the third probe 31. The second high-pressure water gun 61 is mounted on the mounting member 22 and located in front of the second cleaning brush 62, so that the second cleaning brush 62 can sweep the rail bottom 13 sprayed by the second high-pressure water gun 61.

[0104] The technical features of the above embodiments can be combined in any way. For the sake of brevity, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

[0105] The embodiments described above are merely illustrative of several implementations of this utility model, and while the descriptions are relatively specific and detailed, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the utility model patent. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of this utility model, and these all fall within the protection scope of this utility model. Therefore, the protection scope of this utility model patent should be determined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A rail scanning device for scanning the rail head (11), rail web (12), and rail base (13) of a rail (1), characterized in that, include: The first scanning mechanism (2) is used to scan the rail head (11) and the rail web (12). The second scanning mechanism (3) is used to scan the bottom of the track (13). The moving part is used to drive the first scanning mechanism (2) and the second scanning mechanism (3) to move along the extension direction of the rail (1); The guiding mechanism (4) includes two sets of first guiding components (41). The two sets of first guiding components (41) are spaced apart from the first scanning mechanism (2) along a first direction. The first guiding component (41) includes a guide wheel (411). The guide wheel (411) abuts against the rail head (11). When the first scanning mechanism (2) moves along the extension direction of the rail (1), it can drive the guide wheel (411) to rotate. The first direction is perpendicular to the extension direction of the rail (1).

2. The rail scanning device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first guide component (41) further includes: Guide seat (412) is fixed to the first scanning mechanism (2); The rotating shaft (413) is rotatably connected to the guide seat (412), and the guide wheel (411) is detachably sleeved on the rotating shaft (413).

3. The rail scanning device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first scanning device (2) includes: At least one first probe (211) emits ultrasonic waves to scan the rail head (11). At least one second probe (212) emits ultrasonic waves to scan the rail web (12). The track (232) is located between the first probe (211), the second probe (212) and the rail head (11). The track (232) can fit against the rail head (11). The track (232) is made of flexible material, and the difference between the acoustic impedance of the track (232) and the acoustic impedance of the rail (1) is not greater than a preset value. The distance between the first probe (211) and the track (232) is within a first preset range, and the distance between the second probe (212) and the track (232) is within the first preset range.

4. The rail scanning device according to claim 3, characterized in that, The first scanning device (2) also includes: Mounting component (22) is disposed on the movable component, and the first probe (211) and the second probe (212) are disposed on the mounting component (22). The track assembly (23) includes two track rollers (231) and the track (232). The two track rollers (231) are spaced apart along the extension direction of the rail (1) and are rotatably connected to the mounting member (22). The two track rollers (231) can abut against the rail head (11). The track (232) is tensioned and sleeved on the two track rollers (231).

5. The rail scanning device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The first scanning device (2) also includes: A first floating component (24) is disposed on the moving part, and the mounting part (22) is connected to the output end of the first floating component (24). The first floating component (24) is configured to drive the mounting part (22) to lift or press down so that the track (232) moves away from or fits against the rail head (11).

6. The rail scanning device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The second scanning agency (3) includes: At least one third probe (31), the second scanning mechanism (3) is connected to the first scanning mechanism (2), and the third probe (31) is used to scan the bottom of the rail (13); The second floating component (32) is disposed on the first scanning mechanism (2). The third probe (31) is connected to the output end of the second floating component (32). The second floating component (32) is configured to drive the third probe (31) to rise or fall so that the third probe (31) is close to or away from the rail bottom (13) of the rail (1). When the distance between the third probe (31) and the rail bottom (13) is within a second preset range, the third probe (31) can scan the rail bottom (13). The detection component (33) is configured to detect obstacles on the track bottom (13) and is communicatively connected to the second floating component (32).

7. The rail scanning device according to claim 6, characterized in that, The third probe (31) is configured to scan the rail bottom (13) when it comes into contact with the rail bottom (13), and the second floating assembly (32) includes: The second driving component (321) has its fixed end disposed on the first scanning mechanism (2); The first adapter block (322), the second adapter block (323), and the second elastic element (324) are connected to the first adapter block (322) and the second adapter block (323) respectively. The first adapter block (322) is connected to the output end of the second drive element (321), and the third probe (31) is connected to the second adapter block (323).

8. The rail scanning device according to claim 6, characterized in that, The rail (1) is I-shaped, and the rail base (13) is provided on both sides of the rail web (12). The second scanning mechanism (3) also includes: The first adjustment component (34) is disposed on the first scanning mechanism (2). The first adjustment component (34) has a connecting end. The distance between the connecting end and the rail web (12) is adjustable, and the angle of the connecting end relative to the rail web (12) is adjustable. The second floating component (32) is connected to the connecting end of the first adjustment component (34).

9. The rail scanning device according to claim 8, characterized in that, The first adjustment component (34) includes: A fixed beam (341) is fixedly connected to the first scanning mechanism (2); An adjusting member (342) is adjustable in position along the first direction and connected to the fixed beam (341). A rotating component (343) is rotatably connected to the adjusting component (342) about the extension direction of the rail (1), and the second floating component (32) is fixedly connected to the rotating component (343).

10. The rail scanning device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The rail scanning device also includes: A cleaning mechanism is configured to clean the rail head (11) and the rail bottom (13).

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