Elevator top buffer mechanism

Abstract

An elevator top buffer mechanism, comprising an electromagnetic buffer device, a locking device, a buffer pad and a locking frame, the electromagnetic buffer device and the locking device are installed at the top of the elevator shaft, the buffer pad is installed at the top of the elevator car frame, and the locking frame is installed at the top of the elevator car; the electromagnetic buffer device is arranged opposite to the buffer pad, and the buffer pad is located directly below the electromagnetic buffer device; the locking device is provided with two, and the two locking devices are respectively arranged on the front side and the rear side of the electromagnetic buffer device; the locking frame is matched with the two locking devices; when the elevator overspeeds and hits the top, the buffer pad contacts the electromagnetic buffer device, the electromagnetic buffer device buffers the elevator car to stop, the electromagnetic buffer device can adjust the buffering force according to the speed of the elevator overspeeding and hitting the top, so that the elevator car stops and is just locked by the locking device matched with the locking frame, thereby avoiding the secondary accidents caused by the downward falling of the elevator car.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the technical field of elevator buffer mechanism, specifically relating to an elevator top buffer mechanism. Background Technology

[0002] As an indispensable vertical transportation tool in high-rise buildings, the safety of elevators directly affects the safety of people and property. Elevator overshoot is a serious elevator safety accident, which refers to the elevator car continuing to rise above the top floor level position and hitting the top of the shaft due to control system failure, braking system failure, or other reasons. This can easily cause serious consequences such as damage to the car structure and passenger injuries or fatalities.

[0003] Existing elevator anti-overrun technologies mostly focus on prevention or a single buffering function: some technologies achieve pre-emptive prevention through regular maintenance of the braking system and the installation of speed governors, but cannot actively intervene when an overrun accident occurs; other anti-overrun devices, such as top safety airbags and mechanical buffers, can provide buffering and shock absorption during an overrun, but have obvious defects: first, there is a lack of reliable locking mechanisms after buffering, and the car may move again due to rebound or subsequent vibrations, exacerbating the accident; second, traditional mechanical buffers have slow response speeds and uncontrollable buffering force, making it difficult to adapt to different overrun speeds; third, some buffer devices with locking functions are mostly installed in the pit, which is not specifically designed for locking protection against top overruns, and the reliability of the locking is greatly affected by mechanical wear.

[0004] Therefore, there is an urgent need for an elevator top protection device that integrates "rapid buffering" and "reliable locking" functions. When the elevator overshoots the top, it can achieve precise and rapid buffering and deceleration through electromagnetic control, and can immediately lock and fix the car after it stops to prevent secondary movement and minimize the harm of the accident. Utility Model Content

[0005] In order to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art, this utility model provides an elevator top buffer mechanism.

[0006] The technical solution adopted by this utility model to solve its technical problem is: An elevator top buffer mechanism includes an electromagnetic buffer device, a locking device, a buffer pad, and a locking frame. The electromagnetic buffer device and the locking device are installed at the top of the elevator shaft, the buffer pad is installed at the top of the elevator car frame, and the locking frame is installed at the top of the elevator car. The electromagnetic buffer device and the buffer pad are arranged opposite to each other, with the buffer pad located directly below the electromagnetic buffer device. Two locking devices are provided, one on the front side and the other on the rear side of the electromagnetic buffer device, respectively, and the locking frame is adapted to the two locking devices.

[0007] In this utility model, the electromagnetic buffer device includes a mounting base, an electromagnetic generator, a buffer core, a buffer spring, a buffer plate, and a guide mechanism. The mounting base is fixed to the top of the elevator shaft. The mounting base has a first mounting cavity for mounting the electromagnetic generator and a second mounting cavity for movably engaging with the buffer core. The first and second mounting cavities are connected, with the first mounting cavity located at the top of the second mounting cavity. The electromagnetic generator is installed in the first mounting cavity. One end of the buffer core enters the second mounting cavity for movable engagement, and the other end of the buffer core extends out from the bottom of the mounting base and connects to the buffer plate. The buffer spring is fitted onto the outside of the buffer core. The two ends of the buffer core abut against the bottom of the mounting base and the top of the buffer plate, respectively. The mounting base and the buffer plate are connected by the guide mechanism.

[0008] In this invention, the electromagnetic generator includes a fixed iron core and an electromagnetic coil, with the electromagnetic coil wound around the outside of the fixed iron core.

[0009] In this invention, a cooling fan is installed on the outside of the electromagnetic generator, and the mounting base has multiple ventilation holes on the outer periphery of the first mounting cavity. The first mounting cavity is connected to the outside of the mounting base through the ventilation holes.

[0010] In this invention, the locking device includes a fixed base, a locking plate, a locking magnet, a return spring, and a locking electromagnet. The fixed base has a third mounting cavity for mounting the locking electromagnet and a fourth mounting cavity for movably engaging with the locking plate. The locking plate includes a limiting section and a tongue section. The limiting section is located within the fourth mounting cavity and movably engages with the tongue section. One end of the tongue section is connected to the limiting section, and the other end extends outside the fixed base. The locking magnet is fixedly connected to the limiting section. The two ends of the return spring are respectively connected to the limiting section and the locking electromagnet. The locking magnet is located inside the return spring. The locking electromagnet is fixedly installed within the third mounting cavity.

[0011] In this invention, the front side of the tongue segment is provided with a first guide surface that gradually tilts forward from bottom to top.

[0012] In this utility model, the locking frame includes a column, a connecting rod, and a locking mating rod. The column extends upward from the top of the elevator car. The connecting rod and the locking mating rod are both connected to the top of the column. The connecting rod is located on the left and right sides of the locking frame, and the locking mating rod is located on the front and rear sides of the locking frame. The locking mating rod and the top of the elevator car form a locking area where a locking insert plate can be inserted for locking.

[0013] In this invention, the top surface of the locking rod is provided with a second guide surface that extends inward from top to bottom.

[0014] The beneficial effects of this utility model are: when the elevator experiences a stall and crashes to the top, the buffer pad contacts the electromagnetic buffer device, which decelerates and buffers the elevator car until it stops, thereby preventing the elevator from crashing to the top. The electromagnetic buffer device can adjust the buffering force according to the speed of the elevator's stall and crash, so that when the elevator car stops, it is locked by the locking device cooperating with the locking frame, thus preventing the elevator car from falling downwards and causing a secondary accident. Attached Figure Description

[0015] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the elevator top buffer mechanism in this embodiment; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the arrangement of the electromagnetic buffer device and the locking device in this embodiment; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the electromagnetic buffer device in this embodiment; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the locking device in this embodiment; Figure 5 This is a side view of the locking plate in this embodiment; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the arrangement of the buffer pad and locking frame in this embodiment; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the locking mechanism rod in this embodiment. Detailed Implementation

[0016] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this utility model clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0017] like Figures 1 to 7As shown, this embodiment discloses an elevator top buffer mechanism, including an electromagnetic buffer device 1, a locking device 2, a buffer pad 3, and a locking frame 4. The electromagnetic buffer device 1 and the locking device 2 are installed on the top of the elevator shaft, the buffer pad 3 is installed on the top of the elevator car frame 6, and the locking frame 4 is installed on the top of the elevator car 5. The elevator car frame 6 is fixed inside the elevator car frame 6 and is used to support the elevator car 5 for vertical movement. The electromagnetic buffer device 1 and the buffer pad 3 are arranged opposite to each other, with the buffer pad 3 located directly below the electromagnetic buffer device 1. Two locking devices 2 are provided, one on the front side and one on the rear side of the electromagnetic buffer device 1, respectively. The locking frame 4 is adapted to the two locking devices 2. When the elevator experiences a sudden acceleration and crashes to the top, the buffer pad 3 contacts the electromagnetic buffer device 1. The electromagnetic buffer device 1 decelerates and buffers the elevator car 5 until it stops, thus preventing the elevator from crashing to the top. The electromagnetic buffer device 1 can adjust the buffering force according to the speed of the elevator's sudden acceleration to the top, so that when the elevator car 5 stops, it is locked by the locking device 2 and the locking frame 4, thus preventing the elevator car 5 from falling downwards and causing a secondary accident.

[0018] In a preferred embodiment, the electromagnetic buffer device 1 includes a mounting base 11, an electromagnetic generator 12, a buffer core 13, a buffer spring 14, a buffer plate 15, and a guide mechanism 16. The mounting base 11 is fixed to the top of the elevator shaft. The mounting base 11 has a first mounting cavity 111 for mounting the electromagnetic generator 12 and a second mounting cavity 112 for movably engaging with the buffer core 13. The first mounting cavity 111 and the second mounting cavity 112 communicate with each other, and the first mounting cavity 111 is located on top of the second mounting cavity 112. The electromagnetic generator 12 is installed in the first mounting cavity 111. One end of the buffer core 13 is inserted into the second mounting cavity 112 for movable engagement, and the other end of the buffer core 13 extends out of the bottom of the mounting base 11 and connects to the buffer plate 15. The buffer spring 14 is fitted onto the outside of the buffer core 13. The two ends of the buffer core 13 abut against the bottom end of the mounting base 11 and the top end of the buffer plate 15, respectively. The mounting base 11 and the buffer plate 15 are connected by a guide mechanism 16, which guides the buffer plate 15 to move smoothly up and down. The electromagnetic generator 12 includes a fixed core and an electromagnetic coil. The electromagnetic coil is wound around the outside of the fixed core. When the electromagnetic buffer device 1 is activated, the electromagnetic coil is energized, causing the electromagnetic generator 12 to generate magnetism. The electromagnetic generator 12 and the buffer core 13 have the same magnetic poles facing each other, thereby generating a repulsive force to achieve buffering, causing the elevator car 5 to gradually decelerate. The buffering force of the electromagnetic buffer device 1 can be adjusted by the magnitude of the current in the electromagnetic coil. The guiding mechanism 16 includes a guide sleeve and a guide rod, and the guide rod cooperates with the guide sleeve to achieve guiding movement. In addition, when the electromagnetic generator 12 is working, it generates heat, which affects the working stability of the electromagnetic generator 12. In order to ensure the stable operation of the electromagnetic generator 12, a cooling fan 17 is installed on the outside of the electromagnetic generator 12. The mounting base 11 has multiple ventilation holes 113 on the outer periphery of the first mounting cavity 111. The first mounting cavity 111 is connected to the outside of the mounting base 11 through the ventilation holes 113. When the cooling fan 17 is working, the outside air can enter the first mounting cavity 111 for air circulation, so that the electromagnetic generator 12 can dissipate heat.

[0019] In a preferred embodiment, the elevator top buffer mechanism further includes a speed sensor, a pressure sensor, a displacement sensor, a temperature sensor, and a control module. The speed sensor is installed on the top of the elevator car 5 to detect the top speed of the elevator car 5. The pressure sensor is installed inside the buffer pad 3 to detect the pressure on the buffer pad 3 during the buffering process. The displacement sensor is installed at the bottom of the mounting base 11 to detect the displacement of the moving iron core. The temperature sensor is installed on the surface of the electromagnetic coil to detect the temperature of the electromagnetic coil. The control module includes a microcontroller, a drive circuit, and a power supply module. The microcontroller is electrically connected to the speed sensor, pressure sensor, displacement sensor, and temperature sensor respectively to receive signals detected by each sensor. The drive circuit is electrically connected to the microcontroller and the electromagnetic coil respectively, and the microcontroller controls the current of the electromagnetic coil through the drive circuit. The power supply module provides operating power for the entire elevator top buffer mechanism.

[0020] In a preferred embodiment, the locking device 2 includes a fixed base 21, a locking insert plate 22, a locking magnet 23, a return spring 24, and a locking electromagnet 25. The fixed base 21 has a third mounting cavity 211 for mounting the locking electromagnet 25 and a fourth mounting cavity 212 for movably engaging with the locking insert plate 22. The locking insert plate 22 includes a limiting section 221 and a tongue section 222. The limiting section 221 is located within the fourth mounting cavity 212 and movably engages with the tongue section 222. One end of the tongue section 222 is connected to the limiting section 221, and the other end extends out of the fixed base 21. The locking magnet 23 is fixedly connected to the limiting section 221. Both ends of the return spring 24 are respectively connected to the limiting section 221 and the locking electromagnet 25. The locking magnet 23 is located inside the return spring 24. The locking electromagnet 25 is fixedly installed in the third mounting cavity 211. Specifically, the front side of the tongue segment 222 is provided with a first guide surface 223 that gradually slopes forward from bottom to top. The locking frame 4 includes a column 41, a connecting rod 42, and a locking mating rod 43. The column 41 extends upward from the top of the elevator car 5. The connecting rod 42 and the locking mating rod 43 are both connected to the top of the column 41. The connecting rod 42 is located on the left and right sides of the locking frame 4, and the locking mating rod 43 is located on the front and rear sides of the locking frame 4. The locking mating rod 43 and the top of the elevator car 5 form a locking area 44 into which the locking plate 22 can be inserted for locking. The top surface of the locking mating rod 43 is provided with a second guide surface 431 that slopes inward from top to bottom.

[0021] When the locking frame 4 engages with the locking device 2, the first guide surface 223 and the second guide surface 431 contact each other. The locking frame 4 gradually pushes the locking plate 22 into the fourth mounting cavity 212 until the locking engagement rod 43 passes over the locking plate 22 and moves above it. At this time, the locking plate 22 pops out under the elastic force of the return spring 24 and extends into the locking area 44. When the elevator car 5 stops, the elevator car 5 will not fall downwards due to the cooperation between the locking plate 22 and the locking frame 4. After the elevator function is restored, the locking electromagnet 25 can be activated to attract the locking magnet 23, which will drive the locking plate 22 to move into the fourth mounting cavity 212 until the locking plate 22 exits the locking area 44 and disengages from the locking frame 4. Then, the elevator car 5 can move downwards and resume normal operation.

[0022] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present utility model. Any technical solution that achieves the purpose of the present utility model by essentially the same means shall fall within the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A buffer mechanism at the top of an elevator, characterized in that: The system includes an electromagnetic buffer device (1), a locking device (2), a buffer pad (3), and a locking frame (4). The electromagnetic buffer device (1) and the locking device (2) are installed on the top of the elevator shaft. The buffer pad (3) is installed on the top of the elevator car frame (6). The locking frame (4) is installed on the top of the elevator car (5). The electromagnetic buffer device (1) and the buffer pad (3) are arranged opposite to each other. The buffer pad (3) is located directly below the electromagnetic buffer device (1). There are two locking devices (2). The two locking devices (2) are respectively set on the front and rear sides of the electromagnetic buffer device (1). The locking frame (4) is adapted to the two locking devices (2).

2. The elevator top buffer mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The electromagnetic buffer device (1) includes a mounting base (11), an electromagnetic generator (12), a buffer core (13), a buffer spring (14), a buffer plate (15), and a guide mechanism (16). The mounting base (11) is fixed to the top of the elevator shaft. The mounting base (11) has a first mounting cavity (111) for mounting the electromagnetic generator (12) and a second mounting cavity (112) for movably cooperating with the buffer core (13). The first mounting cavity (111) and the second mounting cavity (112) are connected, and the first mounting cavity (111) is located in the second mounting cavity. The electromagnetic generator (12) is installed in the first mounting cavity (111) at the top of (112). One end of the buffer core (13) enters the second mounting cavity (112) for movable engagement. The other end of the buffer core (13) extends out of the bottom of the mounting base (11) and connects with the buffer plate (15). The buffer spring (14) is fitted on the outside of the buffer core (13). The two ends of the buffer core (13) abut against the bottom end of the mounting base (11) and the top end of the buffer plate (15) respectively. The mounting base (11) and the buffer plate (15) are connected by a guide mechanism (16).

3. The elevator top buffer mechanism according to claim 2, characterized in that: The electromagnetic generator (12) includes a fixed iron core and an electromagnetic coil, the electromagnetic coil being wound around the outside of the fixed iron core.

4. The elevator top buffer mechanism according to claim 3, characterized in that: A cooling fan (17) is installed on the outside of the electromagnetic generator (12). The mounting base (11) has multiple ventilation holes (113) on the outer periphery of the first mounting cavity (111). The first mounting cavity (111) is connected to the outside of the mounting base (11) through the ventilation holes (113).

5. The elevator top buffer mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The locking device (2) includes a fixed base (21), a locking plate (22), a locking magnet (23), a return spring (24), and a locking electromagnet (25). The fixed base (21) has a third mounting cavity (211) for mounting the locking electromagnet (25) and a fourth mounting cavity (212) for movably engaging with the locking plate (22). The locking plate (22) includes a limiting section (221) and a tongue section (222). The limiting section (221) is located in the fourth mounting cavity (212). The insert tongue section (222) is movable within the cavity (212). One end of the insert tongue section (222) is connected to the limiting section (221), and the other end extends out of the fixed seat (21). The locking magnetic block (23) is fixedly connected to the limiting section (221). The two ends of the return spring (24) are respectively connected to the limiting section (221) and the locking electromagnet (25). The locking magnetic block (23) is located inside the return spring (24), and the locking electromagnet (25) is fixedly installed in the third mounting cavity (211).

6. The elevator top buffer mechanism according to claim 5, characterized in that: The front side of the tongue segment (222) is provided with a first guide surface (223) that gradually slopes forward from bottom to top.

7. The elevator top buffer mechanism according to claim 6, characterized in that: The locking frame (4) includes a column (41), a connecting rod (42), and a locking mating rod (43). The column (41) extends upward from the top of the elevator car (5). The connecting rod (42) and the locking mating rod (43) are both connected to the top of the column (41). The connecting rod (42) is located on the left and right sides of the locking frame (4). The locking mating rod (43) is located on the front and rear sides of the locking frame (4). The locking mating rod (43) and the top of the elevator car (5) form a locking area (44) into which the locking insert plate (22) can be inserted for locking.

8. The elevator top buffer mechanism according to claim 7, characterized in that: The top surface of the locking engagement rod (43) is provided with a second guide surface (431) that extends inward from top to bottom.

Images