Escalator step reversal protection device

Abstract

The utility model discloses an escalator step reverse protection device belongs to escalator safety technical field. Aims at solving the problem of existing electronic sensing type anti-reverse protection anti -interference is poor, easy to misreport. The device includes hoop, bearing, beat board, limit support, constant -force locking spring and electrical switch, bearing is pasted with drive wheel axle periphery, hoop is wrapped bearing, constant -force locking spring makes two hug drive wheel axle and synchronous motion, beat board is protruding and is established in hoop, with the motion of hoop can trigger the electrical switch fixed in the escalator truss up and down, limit support is fixed in truss to limit beat board extreme position. Electrical switch is connected with control system signal, and the system compares its trigger signal and drive host operation direction signal, and when the two are not consistent, determine the step reverse, control escalator emergency stop. The device senses the operation direction with pure mechanical structure, and the anti -interference is strong, and the stability is high and exempts from calibration, and the response is quick, can reliably guarantee the safety of boarding.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of escalator safety technology, specifically relating to an escalator step reversal protection device. Background Technology

[0002] Escalators, as special electromechanical equipment, are widely used in densely populated places such as shopping malls, supermarkets, subways, and airports. While improving travel convenience, their operational safety is of paramount importance. During the upward movement of an escalator, factors such as equipment aging, insufficient drive power, or unexpected breakage of key transmission components (such as chains) may cause the steps to suddenly slide backward (i.e., reverse movement). This can easily cause panic, overcrowding, or even serious stampede accidents, posing a significant threat to the personal safety of escalator passengers.

[0003] Existing escalator anti-reverse protection mechanisms generally employ an electronic monitoring scheme using speed sensors in conjunction with direction sensors. Protection is achieved by detecting the consistency between the escalator's predetermined direction of travel and the actual direction of the steps: when a deviation is detected, the control system immediately triggers the brake to stop the escalator. While this scheme is highly responsive, the sensors are extremely sensitive to environmental factors. Under complex outdoor conditions (such as rain, snow, dust, temperature differences, and electromagnetic interference), detection failures or false alarms are prone to occur, leading to decreased protection reliability and making it difficult to consistently and stably ensure passenger safety.

[0004] In view of the above-mentioned shortcomings of existing electronic sensor-based anti-reverse protection, there is an urgent need for a protection device with reliable structure and strong anti-interference ability to solve the problem of reverse protection failure in complex environments and further improve the operational safety of escalators. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this utility model is to provide an escalator step reversal protection device, which uses a mechanical structure to sense the direction of step movement and works with an electrical switch to achieve reversal protection. It has the advantages of strong anti-interference, high stability and no calibration required, and can provide reliable protection the moment reversal occurs, effectively ensuring passenger safety.

[0006] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention adopts the following solution: An escalator step reversal protection device includes a clamp, a bearing bush, a stop plate, a limit frame, a constant force locking spring, and an electrical switch. The bearing bush is fitted to the outer circumference of the drive wheel axle, the clamp is wrapped around the outer side of the bearing bush, and the constant force locking spring acts on the clamp, causing the clamp and bearing bush to grip the drive wheel axle and move synchronously with it. The stop plate is fixedly mounted on the clamp, and the electrical switch is fixed to the escalator truss. When the stop plate moves with the clamp, it can trigger the electrical switch upwards or downwards. The limit frame is fixed to the escalator truss and is used to limit the extreme movement position of the stop plate, so that the clamp stops moving with the drive wheel axle after the stop plate reaches the limit position. The electrical switch is signal-connected to the escalator control system. The control system compares the trigger signal of the electrical switch with the driving direction signal of the drive unit. When the two are inconsistent, it is determined that the steps are reversing, and the escalator is controlled to stop urgently.

[0007] Preferably, the constant force locking spring is provided in two sets, and is equipped with a screw, a spring retaining ring and a spring nut; the screw passes through both ends of the clamp, the constant force locking spring is sleeved on the screw, and the spring retaining ring and spring nut are respectively assembled on both ends of the constant force locking spring. The clamping force of the clamp on the drive wheel shaft is adjusted by turning the spring nut to ensure the reliability of the synchronous movement of the clamp and the drive wheel shaft, and to adapt to different specifications of drive wheel shafts and working conditions.

[0008] Preferably, the limiting frame is a gate-shaped structure, which is fixed to the truss fixing plate of the escalator by bolt connection or welding. The gate-shaped structure can limit the plate in both the upper and lower directions, ensuring that the plate can be accurately limited when moving up and down, while improving the installation stability and structural strength of the limiting frame.

[0009] Preferably, the electrical switch is fixed to the truss fixing plate of the escalator by bolts, and the electrical switch has two position trigger signals: the upward movement of the plate triggers the electrical switch to form an upward signal, and the downward movement of the plate triggers the electrical switch to form a downward signal, so as to ensure that the control system can accurately identify the actual running direction of the steps and provide a reliable basis for reversal determination.

[0010] Preferably, the striking plate and the clamp are integrally formed or fixedly connected by welding. The integrally formed structure can improve the connection strength and motion synchronization of the striking plate and the clamp, avoid loosening or displacement during long-term operation, and ensure the accuracy of triggering the electrical switch.

[0011] Preferably, the bearing bush is made of wear-resistant and friction-reducing material (such as polytetrafluoroethylene, wear-resistant alloy, etc.), and its inner wall fits snugly against the outer circumference of the drive wheel shaft, reducing frictional loss between the clamp and the drive wheel shaft, extending the service life of the device, and ensuring motion synchronization in the clamped state.

[0012] Preferably, the electrical switch is a limit switch, and its trigger end is adapted to the movement trajectory of the step plate to ensure that the step plate can reliably trigger the electrical switch during normal operation and reversal of the ladder. Even when the step plate has not completely left the original limit position in the early stage of reversal, it can still effectively trigger the signal switching to ensure the rapid response of the reversal protection.

[0013] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: 1. The device described in this utility model has strong anti-interference ability: This device adopts a pure mechanical structure to sense the running direction of the ladder. It realizes the acquisition of direction signals through the synchronous movement of the clamp and the drive wheel shaft. It is not affected by environmental factors such as rain, snow, dust, temperature difference, and electromagnetic interference. It avoids the detection failure or false alarm problem of electronic sensors under complex working conditions, and significantly improves the environmental adaptability and reliability of the protection device.

[0014] 2. High stability: The constant force locking spring combined with the bearing design ensures that the clamp and the drive wheel shaft always maintain a reliable clamping state, and the movement synchronization is good; the portal-shaped limit frame and the one-piece molded / welded fixed plate structure further improve the structural stability and operational consistency of the device, and long-term use is not prone to component loosening, displacement or functional degradation.

[0015] 3. No calibration or maintenance required: The motion logic of the mechanical structure is simple and clear, and there is no need for periodic calibration or parameter adjustment like electronic sensors. This reduces equipment maintenance costs and workload, and also reduces the risk of protection failure due to improper calibration.

[0016] 4. Rapid and reliable response: When the steps reverse, the direction of the drive wheel shaft changes abruptly, and the clamp moves synchronously in the opposite direction with the drive wheel shaft. The trigger immediately activates the electrical switch switching signal. After the control system quickly compares and determines the reversal, it immediately triggers the brake to stop the vehicle. The entire process has no electronic signal processing delay, achieving reliable protection at the moment of reversal.

[0017] 5. Wide adaptability: The clamping force can be adjusted by the spring nut to adapt to different specifications of escalator drive wheel axles; two fixing methods are available: bolt connection and welding, which can be flexibly installed according to the escalator truss structure, and the scope of application covers escalators in various places such as shopping malls, subways, and airports. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall assembly structure of this utility model; Figure 2 for Figure 1 Enlarged view of section A in the middle; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the reversal protection device of this utility model; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram showing the operating states of the plate and electrical switch of this utility model; In the diagram: 1-Drive host, 2-Step, 3-Step drive chain, 4-Step drive wheel, 5-Truss fixing plate, 6-Reverse protection device, 6-1-Electrical switch, 6-2-Limit bracket, 6-3-Beat plate, 6-4-Clamping clamp, 6-5-Bearing bush, 6-6-Constant force locking spring, 6-7-Spring nut, 6-8-Screw, 6-9-Spring retaining ring, 7-Bearing and fixing device, 8-Drive wheel axle. Detailed Implementation

[0019] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0020] like Figure 1-4 As shown, an escalator step reversal protection device includes a clamp 6-4, a bearing 6-5, a stop plate 6-3, a limit bracket 6-2, a constant force locking spring 6-6, and an electrical switch 6-1. The bearing 6-5 is fitted to the outer circumference of the drive wheel shaft 8, and the clamp 6-4 wraps around the outer side of the bearing 6-5. Two sets of constant force locking springs 6-6 are respectively assembled at both ends of the clamp 6-4 via a screw 6-8, a spring retaining ring 6-9, and a spring nut 6-7. Tightening the spring nut 6-7 can adjust the preload of the constant force locking spring 6-6, so that the clamp 6-4 and the bearing 6-5 reliably grip the drive wheel. Shaft 8 ensures that both move synchronously with the drive wheel shaft 8; the striking plate 6-3 and the clamp 6-4 are integrally formed, with a protrusion in the middle of the clamp 6-4; the electrical switch 6-1 is fixed to the truss fixing plate 5 by bolts, and its trigger end corresponds to the movement trajectory of the striking plate 6-3; the limit frame 6-2 is a gate-shaped structure, fixed to the truss fixing plate 5 by welding, located on the up and down movement path of the striking plate 6-3, and is used to limit the extreme position of the striking plate 6-3; the electrical switch 6-1 is connected to the signal of the escalator control system, and the control system simultaneously collects the running direction signal of the drive host.

[0021] The working process of this device is as follows: 1) Normal upward movement of the steps: The drive wheel shaft 8 rotates clockwise (corresponding to the upward movement of the steps). Under the clamping action of the constant force locking spring 6-6, the clamp 6-4 rotates clockwise synchronously with the drive wheel shaft 8, driving the beater plate 6-3 to move upward. The beater plate 6-3 triggers the electrical switch 6-1 upward, forming an upward signal and transmitting it to the control system. When the beater plate 6-3 moves to the upper limit surface of the limit frame 6-2, it is blocked by the limit frame 6-2, the clamp 6-4 stops moving with the drive wheel shaft 8, the control system collects the upward signal, which is consistent with the upward running direction signal of the drive host, and determines that the steps are running normally, and the escalator maintains normal operating status.

[0022] 2) Normal downward movement of the steps: The drive wheel shaft 8 rotates counterclockwise (corresponding to the downward movement of the steps), and the clamp 6-4 rotates counterclockwise synchronously with the drive wheel shaft 8, driving the beater 6-3 to move downward; the beater 6-3 triggers the electrical switch 6-1 downward, forming a downward signal and transmitting it to the control system; when the beater 6-3 moves to the lower limit surface of the limit frame 6-2, it is blocked by the limit frame 6-2, the clamp 6-4 stops moving with the drive wheel shaft 8, the control system collects the downward signal, which is consistent with the downward running direction signal of the drive host, and determines that the steps are running normally, and the escalator maintains normal operating status.

[0023] 3) Step Reversal State: If the escalator reverses direction during the planned upward movement, the drive wheel shaft 8 suddenly changes from clockwise to counterclockwise rotation. The clamp 6-4 rotates synchronously in the opposite direction with the drive wheel shaft 8, causing the step plate 6-3 to move downward from its original upward limit position, triggering the electrical switch 6-1 to switch to a downward signal. The control system compares the downward signal of the electrical switch 6-1 with the upward running direction signal of the drive host, determines that the steps are reversed, and immediately controls the brake (or auxiliary brake) to activate in an emergency, forcing the escalator to stop. Similarly, if the escalator reverses direction during the planned downward movement, the step plate 6-3 moves upward, triggering the electrical switch 6-1 to switch to an upward signal. If the control system finds that the signals are inconsistent, it will trigger an emergency stop.

[0024] In this embodiment, the bearing bush 6-5 is made of polytetrafluoroethylene, which has both wear resistance and friction reduction properties, effectively reducing the frictional loss between the clamp 6-4 and the drive wheel shaft 8; the electrical switch 6-1 is a high-precision limit switch to ensure the accuracy and reliability of signal triggering; the limit frame 6-2 is made of Q235 steel plate, which has high structural strength and can withstand the impact load of the plate 6-3.

[0025] First, it must be clarified that the component in this device that directly contacts the drive wheel axle 8 is the "bearing bush 6-5," not the "brake shoe" used in the braking system to lock the axle (the brake shoe needs to generate braking torque through strong pressure and friction with the wheel body to achieve wheel axle locking). In this embodiment, the bearing bush 6-5 is made of polytetrafluoroethylene wear-resistant and friction-reducing material. Its core function is to reduce the direct friction between the clamp 6-4 and the drive wheel axle 8 and avoid axle wear. It only needs to achieve "fitting and following movement" and has no braking or locking function, thus eliminating the possibility of "jamming the axle" from the root of the component design.

[0026] It should also be noted that the preload of the two sets of constant force locking springs 6-6 in this application is adjusted by the spring nut 6-7 to just overcome the static frictional resistance between the bearing 6-5 and the drive wheel axle 8. This only ensures that the clamp 6-4 and the bearing 6-5 rotate synchronously with the drive wheel axle 8 in the initial stage (to achieve direction signal acquisition), but it is much less than the normal driving force of the drive wheel axle 8 (the torque provided by the drive host can easily overcome this clamping force), and also much less than the blocking force of the limit frame 6-2 on the striking plate 6-3. When the striking plate 6-3 abuts against the limit frame 6-2, the rigid blocking force of the limit frame 6-2 will directly overcome the clamping force of the constant force locking spring 6-6, causing the clamp 6-4 to stop moving, while the drive wheel axle 8 can continue to rotate under the drive of the drive host. Because the bearing bush 6-5 is made of friction-reducing material, when the clamp 6-4 is blocked by the limit bracket 6-2, the drive wheel shaft 8 will slide relative to the bearing bush 6-5 with low resistance. That is, the wheel shaft will not be jammed due to excessive frictional resistance, and the wear-resistant properties of the bearing bush 6-5 can reduce sliding wear, ensuring that the drive wheel shaft 8 always maintains normal rotation and does not affect the normal operation of the escalator.

[0027] This invention achieves reliable detection and rapid protection against ladder reversal through the synergistic effect of mechanical structure and electrical switch, solving the problems of poor anti-interference and insufficient stability of existing electronic sensor-based protection devices. It also features a simple structure, convenient installation and maintenance, and has significant practical value and prospects for promotion.

[0028] It should be noted that the core of this utility model lies in the combination of mechanical structure and signal comparison logic. The electronic detection method for the driving host's running direction, the signal processing of the control system, and the braking control logic are all existing technologies, and this utility model has not improved upon them, so they will not be described in detail. Those skilled in the art can select conventional control system modules and braking actuators according to the actual control requirements of the escalator to achieve the protection function of this utility model.

[0029] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present utility model and is not intended to limit the scope of the present utility model. Without departing from the design spirit of the present utility model, all modifications and improvements made by those skilled in the art to the technical solution of the present utility model should be included within the protection scope defined by the claims of the present utility model.

Claims

1. An escalator step reversal protection device, characterized in that, This includes clamps (6-4), bearing bushes (6-5), striking plates (6-3), limit brackets (6-2), constant force locking springs (6-6), and electrical switches (6-1). The bearing bush (6-5) is fitted to the outer periphery of the drive wheel axle (8), and the clamp (6-4) wraps around the outside of the bearing bush (6-5); the constant force locking spring (6-6) acts on the clamp (6-4), so that the clamp (6-4) and the bearing bush (6-5) grip the drive wheel axle (8) and move synchronously with it; the striking plate (6-3) is fixedly installed on the clamp (6-4), and the electrical switch (6-1) is fixed to the escalator truss. When the striking plate (6-3) moves with the clamp (6-4), it can move upward or downward. The lower trigger electrical switch (6-1) is used to limit the extreme movement position of the step plate (6-3) and make the clamp (6-4) stop moving with the drive wheel shaft (8) after the step plate (6-3) reaches the limit position. The electrical switch (6-1) is connected to the escalator control system. The control system compares the trigger signal of the electrical switch (6-1) with the running direction signal of the drive host. When the two are inconsistent, it is determined that the steps are reversed and the escalator is controlled to stop in an emergency.

2. The escalator step reversal protection device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The constant force locking spring (6-6) is configured in two sets, and is equipped with a screw (6-8), a spring retaining ring (6-9), and a spring nut (6-7). The screw (6-8) passes through both ends of the clamp (6-4), the constant force locking spring (6-6) is sleeved on the screw (6-8), and the spring retaining ring (6-9) and the spring nut (6-7) are respectively assembled at both ends of the constant force locking spring (6-6). The clamping force of the clamp (6-4) on the drive wheel shaft (8) is adjusted by turning the spring nut (6-7).

3. The escalator step reversal protection device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The limiting frame (6-2) is a gate-shaped structure and is fixed to the truss fixing plate (5) of the escalator by bolt connection or welding.

4. The escalator step reversal protection device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The electrical switch (6-1) is fixed to the truss fixing plate (5) of the escalator by bolts, and the electrical switch (6-1) has two position trigger signals: the upward movement of the plate (6-3) triggers the electrical switch (6-1) to form an upward signal, and the downward movement of the plate (6-3) triggers the electrical switch (6-1) to form a downward signal.

5. The escalator step reversal protection device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The plate (6-3) and the clamp (6-4) are integrally formed structures or are fixedly connected by welding.

6. The escalator step reversal protection device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The bearing bush (6-5) is made of wear-resistant and friction-reducing material, and its inner wall is fitted to the outer circumferential surface of the drive wheel shaft (8).

7. The escalator step reversal protection device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The electrical switch (6-1) is a limit switch, and its trigger end is adapted to the movement trajectory of the step plate (6-3) to ensure that the step plate (6-3) can reliably trigger the electrical switch (6-1) during normal operation and reversal of the ladder.

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