Automatic uncapping device for BOD5 culture bottle

Abstract

The utility model relates to water quality monitoring technical field discloses a kind of automatic uncovering device of BOD5 culture bottle, to solve the problem of poor adaptability of existing device, low positioning accuracy, the device includes base, shell, X-axis moving mechanism, Y-axis moving mechanism, uncovering device, top cover device, tray and positioning detection component, the lower surface of base is provided with Foma wheel, upper surface left side installs shell, right side installs tray, power supply and mainboard are equipped in shell, mainboard controls X-axis, Y-axis, two groups Z-axis motor operation.The automatic uncovering device of BOD5 culture bottle, through the mechanical clamping structure of lifting cover claw and bottle pressing claw, simulates hand operation lifting cover operation, can be self-adapting 30-70mm diameter range's culture bottle cap, without relying on whether bottle cap material contains iron magnetism, can be compatible with mainstream material BOD5 culture bottle cap of glass, polypropylene etc. on market, through "three-dimensional photoelectric closed-loop positioning+mechanical clamping limit" double protection positioning accuracy and uncovering success rate.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of water quality monitoring technology, specifically to an automatic capping device for BOD5 culture flasks. Background Technology

[0002] BOD5 (Biochemical Oxygen Demand in Five Days) refers to the dissolved oxygen consumed by microorganisms during the biochemical decomposition of certain organic matter in water over five days under specified conditions. It is an important indicator for determining organic pollutants in water. Currently, the laboratory method for measuring BOD5 is the dilution and inoculation method. In this method, the operator first needs to predict the concentration of BOD5 in the water sample based on experience, and then determine whether dilution is necessary. If dilution is required, the chemical oxygen demand (COD) of the water sample needs to be measured, and then the required dilution factor is calculated based on the COD, followed by manual dilution. During dilution, the water used for dilution is first aerated to saturate the dissolved oxygen in the water, and then the water sample is diluted with this dilution water. For water samples without microorganisms, an inoculation operation is required, and then the dissolved oxygen ρ1 of the diluted water sample is measured by titration or electrode method. The water sample is then sealed and placed in an incubator for 5 days. After 5 days, the dissolved oxygen ρ2 of the water sample is measured again, and finally the BOD5 value of the original water sample is calculated based on the difference between ρ1 and ρ2. During this process, the caps of the culture flasks need to be opened or closed frequently on the first and fifth days, so a device that can automatically open and close the caps is needed.

[0003] For example, an automatic capping device for BOD5 culture flasks, published in Chinese Patent Publication No. CN221116944U, uses an electromagnetic device to pick up BOD5 culture flasks with caps made of ferromagnetic material. This device can only be used with BOD5 culture flasks with caps made of ferromagnetic material, and is difficult to be used with most culture flask caps on the market. Its applicability is poor, and the electromagnetic device is easily affected by other culture flask caps, which can cause positional deviations and misalignment of the caps, resulting in poor accuracy in picking up the caps and thus affecting experimental efficiency. Utility Model Content

[0004] (a) Technical problems to be solved

[0005] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides an automatic capping device for BOD5 culture flasks, solving the problems mentioned in the background section.

[0006] (II) Technical Solution

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides the following technical solution: an automatic capping device for BOD5 culture flasks, comprising:

[0008] The base has four corners on its lower surface that are securely connected to casters.

[0009] The housing is fastened to the left side of the upper surface of the base, and the motherboard and power supply are respectively arranged on the front and rear sides of the inner wall of the right side of the housing.

[0010] The X-axis moving mechanism is located inside the base and includes a mounting base, an X-axis motor, a first driving pulley, three sets of second mounting bases, a first driven pulley, a second driven pulley, two sets of X-axis slide rails, and two sets of X-axis slide tables. The X-axis motor drives the X-axis slide tables to slide on the X-axis slide rails through the first driving pulley, the first driven pulley, the second driven pulley, and the transmission belt.

[0011] The Y-axis moving mechanism is set on the X-axis slide and includes an I-beam base, a vertical mounting plate, a Y-axis motor, a second driving pulley, a third driven pulley, two sets of Y-axis slide rails, and two sets of Y-axis slides. The Y-axis motor drives the Y-axis slides to slide on the Y-axis slide rails through the second driving pulley, the third driven pulley, and the transmission belt.

[0012] The cap opening device is set on the Y-axis slide and includes a support frame, two sets of Z-axis motors, a T-shaped plate and two sets of moving devices. The moving device includes two sets of bearing seats, a Z-axis, a moving sleeve, a Z-axis slide and a Z-axis slide rail. The Z-axis motor drives the Z-axis to rotate, so that the Z-axis slide slides on the Z-axis slide rail. The outer side of the Z-axis slide is provided with cap lifting claws and bottle pressing claws.

[0013] A top cover assembly, disposed on the lower surface of the T-shaped plate, includes a top cover seat, a top cover post, and a top cover spring.

[0014] The tray is fastened to the right side of the upper surface of the base. The tray has a sample tray with positioning holes inside, and a sample bottle is inserted into the sample tray. The sample bottle has a sample bottle cap on the top, and the inner wall of the bottom of the tray has a positioning pin and a positioning plate.

[0015] The positioning detection component includes a first blocking plate, a first photoelectric sensor, a second blocking plate, a second photoelectric sensor, a third blocking plate, a fourth blocking plate, and a fourth photoelectric sensor.

[0016] The output terminal of the power supply is electrically connected to the power input terminal of the motherboard. The output terminal of the motherboard is electrically connected to the drive terminals of the X-axis motor, Y-axis motor, and two sets of Z-axis motors via wires. The power input terminals of photoelectric sensor 1, photoelectric sensor 2, photoelectric sensor 3, and photoelectric sensor 4 are all electrically connected to the output terminal of the power supply. The signal output terminals of photoelectric sensor 1, photoelectric sensor 2, photoelectric sensor 3, and photoelectric sensor 4 are all electrically connected to the signal input terminal of the motherboard.

[0017] Preferably, in the X-axis moving mechanism, the mounting base is fastened to the left rear side of the inner wall of the bottom of the base, the X-axis motor is mounted on the mounting base, the driving pulley is connected to the output end of the X-axis motor, three sets of mounting bases are fastened to the left front side, right rear side and right front side of the inner wall of the bottom of the base respectively, the upper surfaces of the two sets of mounting bases on the right side are rotatably connected to driven pulleys, the upper surface of the mounting base on the left front side is rotatably connected to driven pulleys, the driving pulleys and driven pulleys are connected to each other by a transmission belt, the two sets of X-axis slide rails are fastened to the front and rear sides of the inner wall of the bottom of the base respectively, the two sets of X-axis slides are slidably connected above the X-axis slide rails, the two sets of X-axis slides are fastened to each other by a connecting plate, the lower surface of the connecting plate is provided with L-shaped plates on the front and rear sides, the outer side of the L-shaped plates is fastened to the inner side of the transmission belt.

[0018] Preferably, in the Y-axis moving mechanism, the I-beam base is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the X-axis slide, the vertical mounting plate is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the I-beam base, the Y-axis motor is fixedly connected to the front side of the right side of the vertical mounting plate, the output shaft of the Y-axis motor passes through the vertical mounting plate and is sleeved with a second driving pulley, and a third driven pulley is rotatably mounted on the rear side of the left side of the vertical mounting plate. The second driving pulley and the third driven pulley are connected by a transmission belt. Two sets of Y-axis slide rails are fixedly connected to the top and bottom of the right side of the vertical mounting plate, respectively. A receiving plate is fixedly connected to the right side of the two sets of Y-axis slides. A moving plate is provided at the bottom of the left side of the receiving plate, and the lower surface of the moving plate is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the transmission belt.

[0019] Preferably, in the cap-opening device, the left side of the support frame is fastened to the top of the right side of the receiving plate; two sets of Z-axis motors are fastened to the middle and right side of the upper surface of the support frame, respectively; the T-shaped plate is fastened to the middle of the inner wall of the top of the support frame, and its top front is fastened to the top of the inner wall of the front side of the support frame; the bearing seats of the two sets of moving devices are fastened to the left and right sides of the T-shaped plate, respectively; the Z-axis is rotatably connected to the inner side of the two sets of bearing seats, and its top is fastened to the output shaft of the Z-axis motor; the moving sleeve is fitted onto the bottom of the outer surface of the Z-axis; the Z-axis slide is fitted onto the outer surface of the moving sleeve; the Z-axis slide rail is fastened to the side of the T-shaped plate; the Z-axis slide is slidably connected to the Z-axis slide rail; and the cap-lifting claw and the bottle-pressing claw are fastened to the outer sides of the Z-axis slide on the left and right sides, respectively.

[0020] Preferably, in the top cover assembly, the upper surface of the top cover seat is fastened to the lower surface of the T-shaped plate, the top cover column is inserted into the top cover seat, and a limiting ring is sleeved on the top of the outer surface of the top cover column. The outer diameter of the limiting ring is smaller than the inner diameter of the top cover seat, and the inner diameter of the limiting ring is larger than the outer diameter of the top cover column. The top cover spring is disposed inside the top cover seat, the top end of the top cover spring is fastened to the lower surface of the T-shaped plate, and the bottom end of the top cover spring is fastened to the upper surface of the top cover column.

[0021] Preferably, there are two sets of photoelectric sensors, which are respectively fastened to the left front side and right front side of the bottom inner wall of the base. The blocking plate is fastened to the bottom of the back of the I-beam located on the front side and is adapted to the position of the photoelectric sensor. When the I-beam moves with the X-axis slide, the blocking plate can block or move away from the photoelectric sensor, thereby achieving travel limit and positioning in the X-axis direction.

[0022] Preferably, there are two sets of photoelectric sensors, which are respectively fixedly connected to the bottom of the front and rear sides of the right side of the vertical mounting plate. The second blocking plate is fixedly connected to the bottom of the right side of the receiving plate and is adapted to the position of the second photoelectric sensor. When the receiving plate moves with the Y-axis slide, the second blocking plate can block or move away from the second photoelectric sensor, thereby achieving travel limit and positioning in the Y-axis direction.

[0023] Preferably, the third and fourth blocking plates are respectively fastened to the top of the back of the cap lifting claw and the bottle pressing claw, and the third and fourth photoelectric sensors are respectively fastened to the left and right sides of the top surface of the T-shaped plate, and are respectively adapted to the positions of the third and fourth blocking plates. When the cap lifting claw and the bottle pressing claw move along the Z-axis direction, the third and fourth blocking plates interact with the third and fourth photoelectric sensors to achieve travel limit and positioning in the Z-axis direction.

[0024] Preferably, the positioning pin on the inner wall of the bottom of the tray is connected to the positioning hole on the lower surface of the sample tray. The outer diameter of the positioning pin is 4mm smaller than the inner diameter of the positioning hole. The positioning plate is fastened to the inner wall of the bottom of the tray, which plays an auxiliary positioning role for the sample tray.

[0025] (III) Beneficial Effects

[0026] Compared with the prior art, this utility model provides an automatic capping device for BOD5 culture flasks, which has the following advantages:

[0027] 1. The automatic capping device for this BOD5 culture flask uses a mechanical clamping structure of cap lifting claws and bottle pressing claws to simulate human hand operation of lifting the cap. It can adapt to culture flask caps with a diameter range of 30-70mm, without depending on whether the cap material contains ferromagnetism, and is compatible with BOD5 culture flask caps made of mainstream materials such as glass and polypropylene on the market.

[0028] 2. The automatic capping device for this BOD5 culture flask employs a dual guarantee of "three-dimensional photoelectric closed-loop positioning + mechanical clamping and limiting": photoelectric sensors and blocking plates are respectively equipped on the X, Y, and Z axes, with positioning errors controlled within ±0.3mm, ±0.2mm, and ±0.1mm, ensuring that the cap-lifting claw accurately aligns with the cap. At the same time, the curved anti-slip texture of the bottle-pressing claw and the cap-lifting claw forms a stable clamp, preventing the cap from sliding or shifting during the cap-lifting process. The success rate of capping is increased to over 99.5%, effectively avoiding experimental interruptions caused by positioning deviations and ensuring stable experimental efficiency.

[0029] 3. The automatic capping device for this BOD5 culture flask uses standardized models for core components such as photoelectric sensors, stepper motors, and synchronous belts. No customization is required for replacement; only 4-6 bolts need to be removed. Furthermore, each module adopts a modular design, such as the capping device and the moving device, which can be disassembled and maintained independently. This reduces maintenance time to less than 30 minutes, lowers maintenance costs, and makes it more economical in the long run. Attached Figure Description

[0030] Figure 1 , Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of this utility model;

[0031] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the X-axis moving mechanism of this utility model;

[0032] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the Y-axis moving mechanism of this utility model;

[0033] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the opening device of this utility model;

[0034] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the mobile device of this utility model;

[0035] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the top cover structure of this utility model;

[0036] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the tray structure of this utility model;

[0037] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the sample bottle structure of this utility model.

[0038] In the diagram: 1. Base; 2. Fuma wheel; 3. Housing; 4. Power supply; 5. Main board; 6. Mounting base; 7. X-axis motor; 8. Drive pulley one; 9. Mounting base two; 10. Driven pulley one; 11. Driven pulley two; 12. X-axis slide rail; 13. X-axis slide table; 14. I-beam base; 15. Blocking plate one; 16. Photoelectric sensor one; 17. Vertical mounting plate; 18. Y-axis motor; 19. Drive pulley two; 20. Driven pulley three; 21. Y-axis slide rail; 22. Y-axis slide table; 23. Support plate; 24. Moving plate; 25. Photoelectric sensor two; 26. Blocking plate two; 27. Opening cover Device; 2701, Support frame; 2702, Z-axis motor; 2703, T-shaped plate; 2704, Lifting claw; 2705, Bottle pressing claw; 2706, Top cap device; 28, Moving device; 2801, Bearing seat; 2802, Z-axis; 2803, Moving sleeve; 2804, Z-axis slide table; 2805, Z-axis slide rail; 29, Top cap seat; 30, Top cap column; 31, Top cap spring; 32, Blocking plate four; 33, Photoelectric sensor three; 34, Photoelectric sensor four; 35, Tray; 36, Sample tray; 37, Sample bottle; 38, Sample bottle cap; 39, Positioning plate; 40, Blocking plate three. Detailed Implementation

[0039] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0040] Please see Figure 1-9This utility model provides a technical solution: an automatic capping device for BOD5 culture flasks, including a base 1. Four corners of the lower surface of the base 1 are securely connected to casters 2 for easy movement and fixation of the device, facilitating use. A housing 3 is securely connected to the left side of the upper surface of the base 1. A power supply 4 (MS-100-24 model) is securely connected to the rear side of the inner wall of the right side of the housing 3. A main board 5 (PLC S7-200SMARTST20 model) is securely connected to the front side of the inner wall of the right side of the housing 3. A mounting base 6 is securely connected to the rear left side of the inner wall of the bottom of the base 1. An X-axis motor 7 is securely connected to the upper surface of the mounting base 6. A drive pulley 8 is sleeved on the output end of the X-axis motor 7. The left front and right sides of the inner wall of the bottom of the base 1... Mounting base 2 9 is fastened to both the rear and right front sides. Two sets of driven pulleys 10 are rotatably connected to the upper surfaces of the two sets of mounting base 2 9 on the right side. Driven pulley 11 is rotatably connected to the upper surface of the mounting base 2 9 on the left front side. Driving pulley 1 8 and driven pulley 10 are connected via a drive belt, and driven pulley 10 and driven pulley 11 are also connected via a drive belt. X-axis slide rails 12 are fastened to both the front and rear sides of the bottom inner wall of the base 1. X-axis slide tables 13 are slidably connected above the two sets of X-axis slide rails 12. Connecting plates are fastened to the inner sides of the upper surfaces of the two sets of X-axis slide tables 13. L-shaped plates are fastened to both the front and rear sides of the lower surface of the connecting plates. The outer sides of the two sets of L-shaped plates are connected to the two sets of drive pulleys 10 located inside the base 1. The inner side of the belt is fastened to the X-axis transmission positioning structure to ensure transmission efficiency and accuracy. I-beam seats 14 are fastened to the upper surfaces of both X-axis slides 13. A blocking plate 15 is fastened to the bottom of the back of the front I-beam seat 14. Photoelectric sensors 16 are fastened to the left and right front sides of the inner wall of the bottom of the base 1. The blocking plate 15 corresponds to the position of the photoelectric sensor 16. The power input terminal of the photoelectric sensor 16 is electrically connected to the 24V output terminal of the power supply 4 via a wire. The signal output terminal of the photoelectric sensor 16 is electrically connected to the signal input terminal of the main board 5 via a shielded wire. A vertical mounting plate 17 is fastened to the upper surface of the I-beam seat 14. A Y-axis electric... The output shaft of the Y-axis motor 18 passes through the right side of the vertical mounting plate 17 and is fitted with a driving pulley 19. A driven pulley 20 is rotatably mounted on the rear side of the left side of the vertical mounting plate 17. The driving pulley 19 and the driven pulley 20 are connected by a transmission belt. Y-axis slide rails 21 are fastened to the top and bottom of the right side of the vertical mounting plate 17. Y-axis slide tables 22 are slidably connected to the right side of the Y-axis slide rails 21 located at the top and bottom of the right side of the vertical mounting plate 17. A receiving plate 23 is fastened to the right side of the two sets of Y-axis slide tables 22. A moving plate 24 is fastened to the bottom of the left side of the receiving plate 23. The lower surface of the moving plate 24 is fastened to the upper surface of the transmission belt located on the left side of the vertical mounting plate 17. This is the transmission and positioning structure of the Y-axis.To ensure transmission efficiency and accuracy, photoelectric sensors 25 are securely connected to the bottom of both the front and rear sides of the right side of the vertical mounting plate 17. A blocking plate 26 is securely connected to the bottom of the right side of the receiving plate 23. The position of the photoelectric sensor 25 is adapted to the blocking plate 26. The power input terminal of the photoelectric sensor 25 is electrically connected to the 24V output terminal of the power supply 4 via a wire. The signal output terminal of the photoelectric sensor 25 is electrically connected to the signal input terminal of the main board 5 via a shielded wire. A cover opening device 27 is securely connected to the top of the right side of the receiving plate 23. The cover opening device 27 includes a support frame 2701. The left side of the support frame 2701 is securely connected to the top of the right side of the receiving plate 23. A Z-axis is securely connected to the middle and right side of the upper surface of the support frame 2701. Motor 2702, X-axis motor 7 and Y-axis motor 18 are both model 57HS22-1.8°-3A, and two sets of Z-axis motors 2702 are both model 42HS08-1.8°-1.5A. A T-shaped plate 2703 is fastened to the middle of the inner wall of the top of the support frame 2701. The top of the front of the T-shaped plate 2703 is fastened to the top of the inner wall of the support frame 2701. A moving device 28 is fastened to the left side of the T-shaped plate 2703. The moving device 28 includes two sets of bearing seats 2801. The right side of the two sets of bearing seats 2801 is fastened to the left side of the T-shaped plate 2703. A Z-axis 2802 is rotatably connected to the inner side of the two sets of bearing seats 2801. The output shaft of the Z-axis motor 2702 passes through the upper surface of the support frame 2701 and... The top of the Z-axis 2802 is fastened to the top. A movable sleeve 2803 is fitted onto the bottom of the outer surface of the Z-axis 2802. A Z-axis slide 2804 is fitted onto the outer surface of the movable sleeve 2803. A Z-axis slide rail 2805 is fastened to the left side of the T-plate 2703. The Z-axis slide 2804 is slidably connected to the Z-axis slide rail 2805. A moving device 28 is symmetrically fastened to the right side of the T-plate 2703 along its vertical center line. A cap lifting claw 2704 is fastened to the outer side of the Z-axis slide 2804 on the left side. A bottle pressing claw 2705 is fastened to the outer side of the Z-axis slide 2804 on the right side. A top cap device 2706 is fastened to the lower surface of the T-plate 2703. The top cap device 2706 includes a top cap seat 29 for feeding the sample bottle after capping. The cap 38 provides a force to ensure that the sample bottle cap 38 will not fall off during the lifting and lowering process, thus stopping the test and ensuring test efficiency. The upper surface of the top cap seat 29 is fastened to the lower surface of the T-shaped plate 2703. A top cap post 30 is inserted into the inside of the top cap seat 29. A limit ring is fitted on the top of the outer surface of the top cap post 30. The outer diameter of the limit ring is smaller than the inner diameter of the top cap seat 29, and the inner diameter of the limit ring is larger than the outer diameter of the top cap post 30. A top cap spring 31 is provided inside the top cap seat 29. The top end of the top cap spring 31 is fastened to the lower surface of the T-shaped plate 2703, and the bottom end of the top cap spring 31 is fastened to the upper surface of the top cap post 30. The top of the back of the lifting claw 2704 and the pressing claw 2705 are respectively fastened to the top of the blocking plate 40 and the blocking plate 32.On the top left and right sides of the upper surface of the T-shaped plate 2703, photoelectric sensor 33 and photoelectric sensor 44 are respectively fastened. The positions of the blocking plates 340 and 42 are adapted to the positions of photoelectric sensor 33 and photoelectric sensor 44, respectively. Through the mechanical clamping structure of the cap lifting claw 2704 and the bottle pressing claw 2705, the cap lifting operation is simulated by human hand operation. It can adapt to culture bottle caps with a diameter range of 30-70mm, without depending on whether the bottle cap material contains ferromagnetism, and is compatible with BOD5 culture bottle caps made of mainstream materials such as glass and polypropylene on the market. The model of photoelectric sensor 16, photoelectric sensor 25, photoelectric sensor 33, and photoelectric sensor 434 is E3Z-D61-NPN. The power input terminals of photoelectric sensor 16, photoelectric sensor 25, photoelectric sensor 33, and photoelectric sensor 4 34 are all electrically connected to the 24V output terminal of power supply 4 via wires. The signal output terminals of photoelectric sensor 16, photoelectric sensor 25, photoelectric sensor 33, and photoelectric sensor 4 34 are electrically connected to the signal input terminal of main board 5 via shielded wires. A tray 35 is fastened to the right side of the upper surface of base 1. Sample trays 36 are provided on the left side and in the middle of the inside of tray 35. A positioning pin is fastened to the bottom inner wall of tray 35. A positioning hole is provided on the lower surface of sample tray 36. The bottom inner wall of tray 35 and the lower surface of sample tray 36 are connected to the positioning hole via positioning pins. The outer diameter is 4mm smaller than the inner diameter of the positioning hole. 18 sample bottles 37 are inserted inside the sample tray 36. Sample bottle caps 38 are inserted into the top of each sample bottle 37. Water holes are connected to the bottom and top surfaces of the sample bottle caps 38. A positioning plate 39 is securely connected to the bottom inner wall of the tray 35. The output of the power supply 4 is electrically connected to the power input of the main board 5, providing a stable 24V voltage. The output of the main board 5 is electrically connected to the drive ends of the X-axis motor 7, Y-axis motor 18, and two sets of Z-axis motors 2702 via wires, enabling motor start / stop and speed control. A dual guarantee of "three-dimensional photoelectric closed-loop positioning + mechanical clamping limit" is provided: the X-axis, Y-axis, and Z-axis are equipped with photoelectric sensors and blocking plates respectively. The positioning errors are controlled within ±0.3mm, ±0.2mm, and ±0.1mm respectively, ensuring precise alignment of the cap-lifting claw with the bottle cap. Simultaneously, the curved anti-slip texture of the bottle-pressing claw and the cap-lifting claw provides stable clamping, preventing the bottle cap from sliding or shifting during lifting. This increases the success rate of opening the cap to over 99.5%, effectively avoiding experimental interruptions caused by positioning deviations and ensuring stable experimental efficiency. Core components such as photoelectric sensors, stepper motors, and synchronous belts are all standardized models, requiring no customization for replacement; only 4-6 bolts need to be removed. Furthermore, each module adopts a modular design; for example, the cap-opening device and the moving device can be independently disassembled and maintained, reducing maintenance time to less than 30 minutes, lowering maintenance costs, and improving long-term economic efficiency.

[0041] All electrical components mentioned in this article are connected to an external main controller and 220V AC mains power, and the main controller can be a conventional known device such as a computer that provides control.

[0042] During use, the operator first moves the equipment to a suitable position in the laboratory using the fuma wheel 2, then brakes and locks the fuma wheel 2 to ensure the equipment is stable and fixed. Next, the 220V AC mains power is connected, and the power supply 4 starts and outputs a stable 24V DC voltage to power the mainboard 5 and all electrical components. The equipment automatically enters the initialization phase. The mainboard 5 controls the X-axis motor 7 to drive the X-axis slide 13 along the X-axis slide rail 12. When the blocking plate 15 triggers the photoelectric sensor 16, the X-axis immediately stops and records that point as the origin, completing the X-axis limit and origin calibration. Simultaneously, the Y-axis motor 18 drives the receiving plate 23 to move. After the second blocking plate 26 triggers the second photoelectric sensor 25, the Y-axis stops and establishes its origin. The two sets of Z-axis motors 2702 drive the cap lifting claw 2704 and the bottle pressing claw 2705 to move until the third blocking plate 40 and the fourth blocking plate 32 trigger the third photoelectric sensor 33 and the fourth photoelectric sensor 34 respectively. The Z-axis completes the limit and origin calibration. The core function of the photoelectric sensor here is to provide physical limit protection and origin reference, prevent overtravel collisions of each axis, and lay the foundation for the absolute reference coordinates for subsequent software positioning.

[0043] Next, sample loading is performed: the operator places the BOD5 culture flasks 37 containing water samples into the bottle slots of the sample tray 36 one by one, ensuring that the flasks are vertical and not tilted. Then, the two sets of sample trays 36 are placed in conjunction with the positioning pins at the bottom of the tray 35 through the positioning holes on the lower surface. The positioning pins facilitate quick alignment. At the same time, the right side of the sample tray 36 is attached to the positioning plate 39 to complete the physical pre-positioning.

[0044] After the capping procedure is started, the mainboard 5 executes the positioning logic through the software system: based on the origin reference established during initialization, the X-axis spacing and Y-axis spacing are preset according to the arrangement spacing of the culture bottles 37 in the sample tray 36, and a pulse command is sent to the X-axis motor 7 to drive the X-axis slide 13 to move to the X-axis area of ​​the target sample tray 36. This process achieves precise positioning through software calculation. The photoelectric sensor 16 is only used as a safety backup for extreme positions. Then, the software sends a pulse command to the Y-axis motor 18 to drive the receiving plate 23 to move along the Y-axis slide rail 21, and accurately delivers the cap lifting claw 2704 and the bottle pressing claw 2705 to directly above the first culture bottle 37.

[0045] After alignment, the mainboard 5 starts the right Z-axis motor 2702 via software control, driving the bottle pressing claw 2705 to move downward along the Z-axis slide rail 2805. The software monitors the number of motor pulses in real time. When the preset stroke corresponding to the bottle height is reached, the Z-axis motor 2702 is stopped, and the inner side of the bottle pressing claw 2705 is in contact with the body of the culture bottle 37. At this time, the photoelectric sensor 34 is in standby mode, and the protection is triggered only when the mechanism overtravels abnormally. Then, the software controls the left Z-axis motor 2702 to drive the cap lifting claw 2704 to move downward. The cap column 30 of the capping device 2706 abuts against the top of the sample bottle cap 38 under the action of the cap spring 31. The software controls the motor to reverse according to the preset parameters, driving the cap lifting claw 2704 to move upward. When the software detects that the motor has run to the preset upper limit stroke, the Z-axis motor 2702 is stopped, and the single cap opening action is completed.

[0046] After a single culture flask 37 is opened, the software system on the main board 5 automatically switches to the coordinate parameters of the next culture flask 37, sends a new pulse command to the Y-axis motor 18, drives the receiving plate 23 to move to the target position, and repeats the bottle pressing and opening process. When all 18 culture flasks 37 in a set of sample trays 36 have been processed, the software controls the X-axis motor 7 to drive the X-axis slide 13 to move to the software positioning area of ​​another set of sample trays 36 to continue the batch opening operation. Then the software commands each axis to return to the origin and issues a processing completion prompt. The operator can then remove the sample trays 36 for subsequent water sample cultivation, and the equipment automatically enters standby mode.

[0047] If jamming occurs during use, causing the mechanism to overtravel, photoelectric sensors 16 / 25 / 33 / 34 will immediately trigger limit signals. After receiving the signals, the main board 5 will forcibly cut off the power to the corresponding motor and indicate the fault location through indicator lights. After powering off, the operator can check the positioning of the sample tray 36, the cleanliness of the sensor probe, or the tension of the transmission belt. After troubleshooting, restart the equipment, and the software will execute the initialization process again. After the photoelectric sensors establish the origin, normal operation will resume.

[0048] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. An automatic capping device for BOD5 culture flasks, characterized in that, include: The base (1) has four corners of its lower surface that are fastened with casters (2). The housing (3) is fastened to the left side of the upper surface of the base (1). The front and rear sides of the inner wall of the right side of the housing (3) are respectively provided with a main board (5) and a power supply (4). The X-axis moving mechanism is located inside the base (1) and includes a mounting base (6), an X-axis motor (7), a first driving pulley (8), three sets of second mounting bases (9), a first driven pulley (10), a second driven pulley (11), two sets of X-axis slide rails (12), and two sets of X-axis slide tables (13). The X-axis motor (7) drives the X-axis slide table (13) to slide on the X-axis slide rail (12) through the first driving pulley (8), the first driven pulley (10), the second driven pulley (11), and the transmission belt. The Y-axis moving mechanism is set on the X-axis slide (13) and includes an I-beam base (14), a vertical mounting plate (17), a Y-axis motor (18), a second driving pulley (19), a third driven pulley (20), two sets of Y-axis slide rails (21) and two sets of Y-axis slides (22). The Y-axis motor (18) drives the Y-axis slides (22) to slide on the Y-axis slide rails (21) through the second driving pulley (19), the third driven pulley (20) and the transmission belt. The lid opening device (27) is set on the Y-axis slide (22) and includes a support frame (2701), two sets of Z-axis motors (2702), a T-shaped plate (2703) and two sets of moving devices (28). The moving device (28) includes two sets of bearing seats (2801), a Z-axis (2802), a moving sleeve (2803), a Z-axis slide (2804) and a Z-axis slide rail (2805). The Z-axis motor (2702) drives the Z-axis (2802) to rotate, so that the Z-axis slide (2804) slides on the Z-axis slide rail (2805). The outer side of the Z-axis slide (2804) is provided with a lid lifting claw (2704) and a bottle pressing claw (2705). The top cover (2706) is disposed on the lower surface of the T-shaped plate (2703) and includes a top cover seat (29), a top cover post (30) and a top cover spring (31). The tray (35) is fastened to the right side of the upper surface of the base (1). The tray (35) has a sample plate (36) with positioning holes inside. A sample bottle (37) is inserted into the sample plate (36). The sample bottle (37) has a sample bottle cap (38) on the top. The tray (35) has a positioning pin and a positioning plate (39) on the bottom inner wall. The positioning detection component includes a first blocking plate (15), a first photoelectric sensor (16), a second blocking plate (26), a second photoelectric sensor (25), a third blocking plate (40), a third photoelectric sensor (33), a fourth blocking plate (32), and a fourth photoelectric sensor (34). The output terminal of the power supply (4) is electrically connected to the power input terminal of the motherboard (5). The output terminal of the motherboard (5) is electrically connected to the drive terminals of the X-axis motor (7), Y-axis motor (18), and two sets of Z-axis motors (2702) via wires. The power input terminals of photoelectric sensor one (16), photoelectric sensor two (25), photoelectric sensor three (33), and photoelectric sensor four (34) are all electrically connected to the output terminal of the power supply (4). The signal output terminals of photoelectric sensor one (16), photoelectric sensor two (25), photoelectric sensor three (33), and photoelectric sensor four (34) are all electrically connected to the signal input terminal of the motherboard (5).

2. The automatic capping device for a BOD5 culture flask according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the X-axis moving mechanism, the mounting base (6) is fastened to the left rear side of the bottom inner wall of the base (1), the X-axis motor (7) is mounted on the mounting base (6), the driving pulley (8) is sleeved on the output end of the X-axis motor (7), and three sets of mounting bases (9) are fastened to the left front side, right rear side and right front side of the bottom inner wall of the base (1) respectively. The upper surfaces of the two sets of mounting bases (9) on the right side are rotatably connected to the driven pulley (10), and the upper surface of the mounting base (9) on the left front side is rotatably connected to the driven pulley (11). The driving pulley 1 (8) and driven pulley 1 (10), and driven pulley 1 (10) and driven pulley 2 (11) are all connected by a transmission belt. Two sets of X-axis slide rails (12) are respectively fastened to the front and rear sides of the bottom inner wall of the base (1). Two sets of X-axis slide tables (13) are respectively slidably connected above the X-axis slide rails (12). The two sets of X-axis slide tables (13) are fastened to each other by a connecting plate. The front and rear sides of the lower surface of the connecting plate are provided with L-shaped plates. The outer side of the L-shaped plate is fastened to the inner side of the transmission belt.

3. The automatic capping device for a BOD5 culture flask according to claim 2, characterized in that: In the Y-axis moving mechanism, the I-beam (14) is fastened to the upper surface of the X-axis slide (13), the vertical mounting plate (17) is fastened to the upper surface of the I-beam (14), the Y-axis motor (18) is fastened to the front side of the right side of the vertical mounting plate (17), the output shaft of the Y-axis motor (18) passes through the vertical mounting plate (17) and is sleeved with the second drive pulley (19), the third driven pulley (20) is rotatably mounted on the rear side of the left side of the vertical mounting plate (17), the second drive pulley (19) and the third driven pulley (20) are connected by a transmission belt, the two sets of Y-axis slide rails (21) are fastened to the top and bottom of the right side of the vertical mounting plate (17) respectively, the right side of the two sets of Y-axis slides (22) is fastened to the receiving plate (23), the bottom of the left side of the receiving plate (23) is provided with a moving plate (24), and the lower surface of the moving plate (24) is fastened to the upper surface of the transmission belt.

4. The automatic capping device for a BOD5 culture flask according to claim 3, characterized in that: In the opening device (27), the left side of the support frame (2701) is fastened to the top of the right side of the receiving plate (23), two sets of Z-axis motors (2702) are fastened to the middle and right side of the upper surface of the support frame (2701), the T-shaped plate (2703) is fastened to the middle of the top inner wall of the support frame (2701), and its front top is fastened to the top of the front inner wall of the support frame (2701), the bearing seats (2801) of the two sets of moving devices (28) are fastened to the left and right sides of the T-shaped plate (2703), and the Z-axis (2802) The rotating connection is inside the two sets of bearing seats (2801), and its top end is fastened to the output shaft of the Z-axis motor (2702). The moving sleeve (2803) is sleeved on the bottom of the outer surface of the Z-axis (2802). The Z-axis slide (2804) is sleeved on the outer surface of the moving sleeve (2803). The Z-axis slide rail (2805) is fastened to the side of the T-shaped plate (2703). The Z-axis slide (2804) and the Z-axis slide rail (2805) are slidably connected. The lid lifting claw (2704) and the bottle pressing claw (2705) are fastened to the outer sides of the Z-axis slide (2804) on the left and right sides respectively.

5. An automatic capping device for a BOD5 culture flask according to claim 4, characterized in that: In the top cover assembly (2706), the upper surface of the top cover seat (29) is fastened to the lower surface of the T-shaped plate (2703), the top cover column (30) is inserted into the top cover seat (29), and a limiting ring is sleeved on the top of the outer surface of the top cover column (30). The outer diameter of the limiting ring is smaller than the inner diameter of the top cover seat (29), and the inner diameter of the limiting ring is larger than the outer diameter of the top cover column (30). The top cover spring (31) is set inside the top cover seat (29). The top end of the top cover spring (31) is fastened to the lower surface of the T-shaped plate (2703), and the bottom end of the top cover spring (31) is fastened to the upper surface of the top cover column (30).

6. The automatic capping device for a BOD5 culture flask according to claim 2, characterized in that: There are two sets of photoelectric sensors (16), which are respectively fastened to the left front side and right front side of the bottom inner wall of the base (1). The blocking plate (15) is fastened to the bottom of the back of the I-beam (14) located on the front side and is adapted to the position of the photoelectric sensor (16). When the I-beam (14) moves with the X-axis slide (13), the blocking plate (15) can block or move away from the photoelectric sensor (16) to achieve travel limit and positioning in the X-axis direction.

7. An automatic capping device for a BOD5 culture flask according to claim 3, characterized in that: The photoelectric sensor two (25) has two sets, which are respectively fastened to the bottom of the front and rear sides of the right side of the vertical mounting plate (17). The blocking plate two (26) is fastened to the bottom of the right side of the receiving plate (23) and is adapted to the position of the photoelectric sensor two (25). When the receiving plate (23) moves with the Y-axis slide (22), the blocking plate two (26) can block or move away from the photoelectric sensor two (25) to achieve travel limit and positioning in the Y-axis direction.

8. An automatic capping device for a BOD5 culture flask according to claim 4, characterized in that: The three (40) and four (32) blocking plates are respectively fastened to the top of the back of the cap lifting claw (2704) and the bottle pressing claw (2705). The three (33) and four (34) photoelectric sensors are respectively fastened to the left and right sides of the top of the upper surface of the T-shaped plate (2703) and are respectively adapted to the positions of the three (40) and four (32) blocking plates. When the cap lifting claw (2704) and the bottle pressing claw (2705) move along the Z-axis, the three (40) and four (32) blocking plates interact with the three (33) and four (34) photoelectric sensors respectively to achieve travel limit and positioning in the Z-axis direction.

9. An automatic capping device for a BOD5 culture flask according to claim 1, characterized in that: The positioning pin on the bottom inner wall of the tray (35) is connected to the positioning hole on the lower surface of the sample tray (36). The outer diameter of the positioning pin is 4 mm smaller than the inner diameter of the positioning hole. The positioning plate (39) is fastened to the bottom inner wall of the tray (35) and plays an auxiliary positioning role for the sample tray (36).

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