An ecological deodorizing device

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of deodorization, in particular to an ecological deodorization device, which comprises a bearing layer and a side plate arranged around the edge of the bearing layer, the side plate and the bearing layer form a cavity, an initial filter layer and a biological filter layer are sequentially laid in the cavity from bottom to top, the biological filter layer comprises a plurality of arrayed filter blocks, the interspace between adjacent filter blocks is filled with a biological substrate layer for planting plants, and the filter block is a block structure formed by wrapping at least two porous adsorption filter materials with a gas-permeable wrapping material. The scheme provided by the application has the advantages of facilitating maintenance, improving deodorization efficiency and ecological landscape effect through the synergistic effect of the arrayed filter blocks and the biological substrate layer.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of deodorization technology, and more particularly to an ecological deodorization device. Background Technology

[0002] During biological wastewater treatment, sedimentation tanks, biochemical reaction tanks, and especially anaerobic reaction zones release large amounts of malodorous gases containing hydrogen sulfide, ammonia, and other components. These gases not only harm the health of wastewater treatment plant workers but also adversely affect the surrounding environment. Therefore, deodorization is an indispensable part of wastewater treatment systems. Currently, common deodorization methods mainly include water washing and chemical deodorization, activated carbon adsorption, ozone oxidation, and packed microbial deodorization technologies.

[0003] However, water cleaning and chemical deodorization require continuous input of chemical agents, resulting in high operating costs and potential secondary pollution; activated carbon adsorption requires frequent replacement of adsorbent materials after saturation, leading to high maintenance costs and the potential for solid waste pollution from discarded activated carbon; ozone oxidation technology is energy-intensive and may generate harmful byproducts during the oxidation process; although packed microbial deodorization can utilize microbial metabolism to degrade malodorous components, traditional packed filter media are mostly integral stacked structures, resulting in problems such as low bio-attachment efficiency and unstable biological reaction effects due to uneven distribution of filter media.

[0004] In addition, existing technologies have also developed deodorization solutions that combine ecological landscapes. For example, the ecological deodorization device for sewage treatment plants disclosed in the utility model patent with announcement number CN221062290U combines deodorization with landscape by setting up planting boxes. However, it usually adopts a grid-like structure of fixed size, and its adsorption layer and grid are integrated. When the adsorption material fails or needs maintenance, the entire grid structure needs to be disassembled, which has problems such as difficulty in replacing the adsorption layer, cumbersome maintenance operations, and impact on the continuity of deodorization. Utility Model Content

[0005] To overcome the problems existing in related technologies, this application provides an ecological deodorization device that, through the synergistic effect of arrayed filter blocks and biological matrix layer, has the advantages of easy maintenance, improved deodorization efficiency, and ecological landscape effect.

[0006] This application provides an ecological deodorization device, including a support layer and a side plate arranged around the edge of the support layer. The side plate and the support layer enclose a cavity. A primary filter layer and a biological filter layer are laid in the cavity from bottom to top. The biological filter layer includes a plurality of filter blocks arranged in an array. The gaps between adjacent filter blocks are filled with a biological matrix layer for planting plants. The filter blocks are block structures formed by wrapping at least two kinds of porous adsorption filter materials with an air-permeable wrapping material.

[0007] In some embodiments, the porous adsorption filter material includes at least two of the following: ceramsite, zeolite, activated carbon, and volcanic rock.

[0008] In some embodiments, the breathable wrapping material includes one of nonwoven fabric, activated carbon fiber felt, and porous ceramic membrane.

[0009] In some embodiments, the filter block is 12-15cm long, 8-12cm wide, and 24-36cm high; the width of the gap between adjacent filter blocks is 8-15cm.

[0010] In some embodiments, the primary filter layer is volcanic rock, and the thickness of the primary filter layer is 10-15 cm.

[0011] In some embodiments, a spraying system is also included, which includes a first pipeline, a first pump body and a plurality of first branch pipes. The first pipeline is connected to an external water source through the first pump body, the first branch pipes are connected to the first pipeline, and one end of the first branch pipe extends to the top of the biofilter layer through a support and is provided with an atomizing nozzle.

[0012] In some embodiments, a replenishment system is also included, which includes a storage tank, a second pump body, a second pipeline, a second branch pipe, and a replenishment pipe. The second pipeline is connected to the storage tank through the second pump body. The storage tank is used to store microbial agents. The second pipeline is connected to several second branch pipes. The other end of the second branch pipe extends above the biofilter layer and is connected to several replenishment pipes. Each filter block has a corresponding replenishment pipe at its top.

[0013] In some embodiments, a solar power supply system is also included, which includes a solar collection module, an energy storage module, and a power supply interface. The solar collection module is tilted on the ground by a bracket, and the energy storage module is electrically connected to the solar collection module. The sprinkler system and the liquid replenishment system are electrically connected to the energy storage module through the power supply interface.

[0014] In some embodiments, the solar energy collection module is any one of perovskite photovoltaic modules, cadmium telluride photovoltaic modules, monocrystalline silicon photovoltaic modules, and polycrystalline silicon photovoltaic modules.

[0015] In some embodiments, the load-bearing layer includes a grid frame and a base plate, the base plate being laid on the grid frame and having a perforated structure for fluid flow.

[0016] Compared with existing technologies, the ecological deodorization device provided by this utility model adopts a filter block structure design with an array distribution and at least two kinds of porous adsorption filter media wrapped in a breathable wrapping material. Compared with the overall stacking of filter media or fixed grid structure in existing technologies, it can realize the individual disassembly and replacement of filter blocks, solving the problems of difficult replacement and cumbersome maintenance of adsorption materials in existing technologies. At the same time, the synergistic effect of multiple porous adsorption filter media combined with the ecological synergy of plants and microorganisms in the biological matrix layer can improve the stability and purification efficiency of deodorization, avoid secondary pollution caused by the use of chemical agents, and has the advantages of easy maintenance, improved deodorization efficiency and ecological landscape effect. Attached Figure Description

[0017] The above and other objects, features and advantages of this application will become more apparent from the more detailed description of exemplary embodiments thereof in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, wherein the same reference numerals generally represent the same components in the exemplary embodiments thereof.

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the ecological deodorization device shown in the embodiments of this application.

[0019] Figure label: 1. Support layer; 2. Side plate; 3. Primary filter layer; 4. Biofilter layer. Detailed Implementation

[0020] Preferred embodiments of the present application will now be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. While preferred embodiments of the present application are shown in the drawings, it should be understood that the present application may be implemented in various forms and should not be limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided to make the present application more thorough and complete, and to fully convey the scope of the present application to those skilled in the art.

[0021] The terminology used in this application is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the application. The singular forms “a,” “the,” and “the” used in this application and the appended claims are also intended to include the plural forms unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. It should also be understood that the term “and / or” as used herein refers to and includes any or all possible combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.

[0022] It should be understood that although the terms "first," "second," "third," etc., may be used in this application to describe various information, this information should not be limited to these terms. These terms are only used to distinguish information of the same type from one another. For example, without departing from the scope of this application, first information may also be referred to as second information, and similarly, second information may also be referred to as first information. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of this application, "multiple" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0023] In existing technologies, malodorous gases generated during biological wastewater treatment pose a threat to the environment and human health. Traditional deodorization methods suffer from problems such as high costs of chemical agents, frequent replacement of adsorption materials, high energy consumption, and unstable microbial reaction effects. Some deodorization devices integrated with ecological landscapes use fixed grid structures, which makes it difficult to maintain the adsorption layer and affects the continuity of deodorization.

[0024] To address the aforementioned issues, this application provides an ecological deodorization device that, through the synergistic effect of arrayed filter blocks and a biological matrix layer, offers advantages such as ease of maintenance, improved deodorization efficiency, and enhanced ecological landscape effects.

[0025] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this application are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0026] See Figure 1 An ecological deodorization device provided in this application includes a support layer 1 and a side plate 2 arranged around the edge of the support layer 1. The side plate 2 and the support layer 1 enclose a cavity. A primary filter layer 3 and a biological filter layer 4 are laid in the cavity from bottom to top. The biological filter layer 4 includes a plurality of filter blocks arranged in an array. The gaps between adjacent filter blocks are filled with a biological matrix layer for planting plants. The filter blocks are block structures formed by wrapping at least two kinds of porous adsorption filter materials with an air-permeable wrapping material.

[0027] This ecological deodorization device is used for deodorization in the biological reactor of a wastewater treatment plant. The biological reactor is a semi-underground reinforced concrete tank with concrete beams supporting it. The ecological deodorization device provided in this application is installed side-by-side via the beams, with the supporting layer 1 placed between the beams and above the liquid surface of the biological reactor. After the supporting layer 1 is installed, the side plates 2 can be installed, followed by the sequential laying of the primary filter layer 3, the biological filter layer 4, and the biological matrix layer on the supporting layer 1. The side plates 2 are used for the biological matrix layer to prevent its loss and ensure structural integrity. In some embodiments, the supporting layer 1 consists of a grid frame (not shown) and a base plate (not shown) supporting the frame surface. The grid frame can be made of stainless steel to reduce the corrosion rate of the frame by chemicals in the biological reactor. The base plate is a perforated plate to ensure gas flow. The base plate and the side plates 2 can be made of stainless steel, and the frame and the side plates 2 can be welded together. The primary filter layer 3 is evenly laid on the support layer 1. Its main function is to remove large particulate impurities and some moisture from the gas and to evenly distribute the airflow. The primary filter layer 3 can be made of volcanic rock with a particle size of 15-25mm. After the primary filter layer 3 is evenly laid on the support layer 1, the biological filter layer 4 can be laid on the surface of the primary filter layer 3. The biological filter layer 4 is formed by a combination of several arrayed filter blocks and a biological matrix layer. The filter blocks provide a carrier for microorganisms to attach to, and the biological matrix layer promotes plant growth. The filter blocks are independent units of porous adsorption filter media wrapped with air-permeable material. The air-permeable wrapping material ensures gas exchange, and the porous adsorption filter media increases the attachment area for microorganisms, thereby improving the adsorption and purification efficiency of various gases in the biological reactor.

[0028] In this embodiment, the gas in the bioreactor enters from the bottom of the support layer 1 and, after being filtered by the primary filter layer 3 to remove particulate matter, enters the biofilter layer 4. In the biofilter layer 4, as the gas passes through the porous adsorption filter media inside the filter blocks, harmful components are adsorbed and degraded by microorganisms. Simultaneously, substances secreted by plant roots in the biological matrix layer between the filter blocks promote microbial metabolism. The breathable wrapping material maintains the structural stability of the filter blocks while allowing gas permeation. The combined use of porous adsorption filter media creates differentiated adsorption and degradation environments. When some filter blocks become saturated, they can be individually removed and replaced without affecting the overall structure.

[0029] Compared with existing technologies, the ecological deodorization device provided in this application can realize the individual disassembly and replacement of filter blocks, solving the problems of difficult replacement and cumbersome maintenance of adsorption materials in existing technologies. At the same time, the synergistic effect of multiple porous adsorption filter materials combined with the ecological synergy of plants and microorganisms in the biological matrix layer can improve the stability and purification efficiency of deodorization, avoid secondary pollution caused by the use of chemical agents, and has the advantages of easy maintenance, improved deodorization efficiency and ecological landscape effect.

[0030] Furthermore, the porous adsorption filter media includes at least two of the following: ceramsite, zeolite, activated carbon, and volcanic rock. At least two types of porous adsorption filter media are combined and encapsulated within a breathable wrapping material to form a filter block with complementary adsorption properties. For example, the combination of ceramsite and activated carbon can simultaneously utilize the biological carrier function of ceramsite and the physical adsorption capacity of activated carbon; the combination of zeolite and volcanic rock enhances the treatment effect on mixed odorous gases through the synergistic effect of zeolite's ion exchange adsorption and volcanic rock's biofilm. The differences in pore structure and surface properties of different materials promote the formation of multi-level diffusion paths for gas within the filter block, prolonging gas residence time and improving microbial degradation efficiency. In some embodiments, the porous adsorption filter media can also be modified, for example, by loading microbial agents onto the surface of ceramsite, loading iron oxide onto zeolite, and modifying ceramsite loaded with microbial agents. Through a triple mechanism of physical adsorption by ceramsite, chemical fixation of the modified layer, and microbial biodegradation, highly efficient removal of volatile organic compounds, hydrogen sulfide, ammonia, and other toxic and harmful gases is achieved. Its core advantage lies in combining material adsorption with biological metabolism, solving the saturation bottleneck of traditional adsorption materials, and making it suitable for the deep purification of low-concentration, continuous waste gases. Meanwhile, zeolite loaded with iron oxide, through a synergistic mechanism of physical adsorption and chemical catalysis, has a highly efficient removal capacity for toxic and harmful gases such as hydrogen sulfide, ammonia, and volatile organic compounds, and is especially suitable for the deep purification of low-concentration, multi-component gases.

[0031] Furthermore, the breathable wrapping material includes one of the following: non-woven fabric, activated carbon fiber felt, and porous ceramic membrane. Non-woven fabric has the characteristics of uniform pores and low cost, which can realize gas flow and filter material fixation; activated carbon fiber felt has both air permeability and adsorption properties, which can help remove some volatile organic compounds; porous ceramic membrane has the characteristics of high mechanical strength and corrosion resistance, and is suitable for high humidity or corrosive gas environments.

[0032] Furthermore, the filter blocks are 12-15cm long, 8-12cm wide, and 24-36cm high; the gaps between adjacent filter blocks are 8-15cm wide. The filter blocks are standardized modules with specific dimensions, such as a length of 15cm, a width of 10cm, and a height of 30cm, allowing for easy disassembly and replacement of individual filter blocks while maintaining structural stability. The width of the gaps between adjacent filter blocks, for example, is 8-15cm. This range provides sufficient space for the bio-matrix layer to accommodate plant roots while avoiding excessively large gaps that could lead to excessively high gas flow rates and reduced treatment efficiency. During operation, the modular design of the filter blocks allows for individual replacement without requiring complete disassembly of the entire device. Simultaneously, the bio-matrix layer filling the gaps continuously degrades odorous substances through the synergistic action of plant roots and microorganisms.

[0033] Furthermore, the primary filter layer 3 is volcanic rock, and the thickness of the primary filter layer 3 is 10-15 cm.

[0034] Furthermore, the ecological deodorization device also includes a spray system (not shown). The spray system includes a first pipeline, a first pump body, and several first branch pipes. The first pipeline is connected to an external water source through the first pump body. The first branch pipes are connected to the first pipeline, and one end of each first branch pipe extends to the top of the biological filter layer 4 via a bracket and is equipped with an atomizing nozzle. The external water source is pressurized by the first pump body through the first pipeline and then delivered to each first branch pipe. The atomizing nozzle at the end of the first branch pipe converts the water flow into water mist and covers the surface of the biological filter layer 4. Specifically, the first pipeline is made of UPVC material with a diameter of 50mm. It is connected to the inlet of the first pump body through a flange interface, and the outlet of the pump body is connected to the main pipeline through a flexible joint to prevent the pipeline from loosening due to vibration. The first branch pipes have a diameter of 25mm and are welded together at 1.5m intervals along the first pipeline, with a total of 4 branch pipes. The ends of the branch pipes are fixed to the top of the frame side plate 2 by L-shaped brackets with a height of 1.2m. The brackets are connected to the structural beams by expansion bolts. The atomizing nozzles are anti-clogging spiral nozzles with an atomizing particle size of 50-100 μm and an orifice diameter of 1.5 mm. The installation spacing is 50 cm to ensure uniform spray coverage and maintain the filter layer moisture content at 60%-70%. During spraying, the spraying pressure can be set to 0.2~0.3 MPa, the single nozzle flow rate is 1.5 L / min, the single spraying duration is 15 min, and spraying is carried out 3 times a day.

[0035] Furthermore, the ecological deodorization device also includes a replenishment system (not shown), which comprises a storage tank, a second pump, a second pipeline, second branch pipes, and replenishment pipes. The second pipeline connects to the storage tank via the second pump. The storage tank stores microbial agents. The second pipeline is connected to several second branch pipes, the other end of which extends above the biofilter layer 4 and connects to several replenishment pipes. Each filter block has a corresponding replenishment pipe at its top. The microbial agents stored in the storage tank are pressurized by the second pump and enter the second pipeline, then are distributed to the replenishment pipes via the second branch pipes. The end of the replenishment pipe is located in the top area of ​​the filter block, allowing the agents to drip onto the filter block surface, providing supplementary replenishment. When the activity of microorganisms inside the filter block decreases, the agents can be directly replenished into the pores of the filter media, achieving rapid recovery of the microbial community without disassembling the device. The pipeline system adopts a multi-level branch structure to ensure that filter blocks at different locations receive an equal amount of agents.

[0036] Furthermore, the ecological deodorization device also includes a solar power supply system (not shown), which includes a solar energy collection module, an energy storage module, and a power supply interface. The solar energy collection module is tilted on the ground by a bracket, and the energy storage module is electrically connected to the solar energy collection module. The spraying system and the liquid replenishment system are electrically connected to the energy storage module through the power supply interface.

[0037] Furthermore, the solar energy collection module is any one of perovskite photovoltaic modules, cadmium telluride photovoltaic modules, monocrystalline silicon photovoltaic modules, and polycrystalline silicon photovoltaic modules.

[0038] The various embodiments of this application have been described above. These descriptions are exemplary and not exhaustive, nor are they limited to the disclosed embodiments. Many modifications and variations will be apparent to those skilled in the art without departing from the scope and spirit of the described embodiments. The terminology used herein is chosen to best explain the principles, practical application, or improvement of the technology in the market, or to enable others skilled in the art to understand the embodiments disclosed herein.

Claims

1. An ecological deodorization device, characterized in that, It includes a support layer and side plates arranged around the edge of the support layer. The side plates and the support layer enclose a cavity. A primary filter layer and a biological filter layer are laid in the cavity from bottom to top. The biological filter layer includes a number of filter blocks arranged in an array. The gaps between adjacent filter blocks are filled with a biological matrix layer for planting plants. The filter blocks are block structures formed by wrapping at least two kinds of porous adsorption filter materials with an air-permeable wrapping material.

2. The ecological deodorization device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The porous adsorption filter material includes at least two of the following: ceramsite, zeolite, activated carbon, and volcanic rock.

3. The ecological deodorization device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The breathable wrapping material includes one of non-woven fabric, activated carbon fiber felt, and porous ceramic membrane.

4. The ecological deodorization device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The filter block is 12-15cm long, 8-12cm wide, and 24-36cm high; the gap between adjacent filter blocks is 8-15cm wide.

5. The ecological deodorization device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The primary filter layer is volcanic rock, and the thickness of the primary filter layer is 10-15 cm.

6. The ecological deodorization device according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a spray system, which includes a first pipeline, a first pump body and several first branch pipes. The first pipeline is connected to an external water source through the first pump body. The first branch pipes are connected to the first pipeline, and one end of the first branch pipe extends to the top of the biological filter layer through a support and is equipped with an atomizing nozzle.

7. The ecological deodorization device according to claim 6, characterized in that, It also includes a replenishment system, which includes a storage tank, a second pump body, a second pipeline, a second branch pipe, and a replenishment pipe. The second pipeline is connected to the storage tank through the second pump body. The storage tank is used to store microbial agents. The second pipeline is connected to several second branch pipes. The other end of the second branch pipe extends to the top of the biofilter layer and is connected to several replenishment pipes. Each filter block has a corresponding replenishment pipe at its top.

8. The ecological deodorization device according to claim 7, characterized in that, It also includes a solar power supply system, which includes a solar collection module, an energy storage module and a power supply interface. The solar collection module is tilted on the ground by a bracket, and the energy storage module is electrically connected to the solar collection module. The sprinkler system and the liquid replenishment system are electrically connected to the energy storage module through the power supply interface.

9. The ecological deodorization device according to claim 8, characterized in that, The solar energy collection module is any one of perovskite photovoltaic modules, cadmium telluride photovoltaic modules, monocrystalline silicon photovoltaic modules, and polycrystalline silicon photovoltaic modules.

10. The ecological deodorization device according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that, The supporting layer includes a grid frame and a base plate, the base plate being laid on the grid frame, and the base plate having a perforated structure for fluid flow.

Images