A microbial-based constructed wetland remediation system
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202522471315.0
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-11-21
- Publication Date
- 2026-10-27
- Estimated Expiration
- 2035-11-21
AI Technical Summary
[0003]但是目前半人工湿地设计不当，导致排放要求无法达到预计目标，且在天气高温干旱或强降雨，微生物群落不稳定，处理效果波动大，导致人工湿地修复周期长
[0017]一种基于微生物的半人工湿地修复系统解决了目前半人工湿地设计不当，导致排放要求无法达到预计目标，且在天气高温干旱或强降雨，微生物群落不稳定，处理效果波动大，导致人工湿地修复周期长的问题。
Smart Images
Figure CN224901016U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This invention belongs to the field of constructed wetland restoration technology, and particularly relates to a semi-constructed wetland restoration system based on microorganisms. Background Technology
[0002] Constructed wetland systems involve channeling wastewater into artificially created wetlands resembling marshes, planting selected plants on specific filler materials, and forming a unique ecosystem of flora and fauna. The wastewater is treated by utilizing the roots of the plants and the surrounding soil microorganisms. As the wastewater flows through the wetland, a large amount of pollutants are blocked and removed by the filler materials and plant roots.
[0003] However, the current design of semi-artificial wetlands is inappropriate, which makes it impossible to meet the expected emission requirements. In addition, the microbial community is unstable in hot, dry or heavy rainy weather, resulting in large fluctuations in treatment effect and long restoration cycle of artificial wetlands. Utility Model Content
[0004] The purpose of this invention is to propose a microbial-based semi-artificial wetland remediation system to address the problems of improper design of current semi-artificial wetlands, which leads to the inability of emission requirements to meet expected targets, and the instability of microbial communities and large fluctuations in treatment effects during periods of high temperature, drought, or heavy rainfall, resulting in long remediation cycles for artificial wetlands.
[0005] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model adopts the following technical solution: a semi-artificial wetland remediation system based on microorganisms, comprising:
[0006] The filtration structure includes a first filtration unit, a second filtration unit, and a third filtration unit. In the first filtration unit, the second filtration unit, and the third filtration unit, a gravel layer, a biochar composite matrix, and a zeolite layer are arranged sequentially from bottom to top. The biochar composite matrix is loaded with functional microbial communities, and an impermeable HDPE membrane is arranged at the bottom of the gravel layer.
[0007] A solar panel is connected to the second filter unit via a support frame. Energy storage devices are installed on both sides of the support frame, and electrode plates are installed at the bottom of the energy storage devices, extending into the interior of the second filter unit.
[0008] The filter unit is connected to the plant and the filter structure. The first filter unit is equipped with an inlet, and the third filter unit is equipped with an outlet.
[0009] Furthermore, a first filter plate is provided between the first filter unit and the second filter unit, and a second filter plate is provided between the second filter unit and the third filter unit, wherein the mesh size of the second filter plate is smaller than that of the first filter plate.
[0010] Furthermore, the above-mentioned filter structure is provided with a snap-fit body and a snap-fit groove on both sides, and two adjacent filter structures are snapped into the snap-fit groove by the snap-fit body.
[0011] Furthermore, the aforementioned energy storage device is a storage battery.
[0012] Furthermore, a counterweight box is provided on the aforementioned filter structure.
[0013] Furthermore, the first filtration unit is planted with pollution-tolerant plants, and the second filtration unit is planted with enrichment-type plants.
[0014] Furthermore, the aforementioned functional microbial community consists of one or more of denitrifying bacteria, polyphosphate-accumulating bacteria, and Bacillus.
[0015] This invention provides a semi-artificial wetland remediation system based on microorganisms. Through a filtration structure, three sequentially connected filtration units—a first, second, and third—are constructed. Each unit is filled from bottom to top with a gravel layer, a biochar composite matrix, and a zeolite layer. The biochar composite matrix is loaded with functional microbial communities. The first filtration unit has an inlet on its side wall, and the third filtration unit has an outlet on its side wall. This structure achieves graded filtration and, in conjunction with solar panels, provides energy storage. The electrodes provide electron donors / acceptors to the functional microorganisms to enhance pollutant degradation. The cattail roots in the first filtration unit secrete organic acids to promote the decomposition of macromolecular organic matter and the absorption of nitrogen and phosphorus by microorganisms. The windmill grass in the third filtration unit accumulates heavy metals and transports them to the aboveground parts, working with the zeolite layer to deeply remove heavy metals. This structure is unaffected by extreme weather. When extreme weather occurs, the energy storage battery continuously supplies power to the electrodes, causing the continuously released microcurrents to stimulate microorganisms, accelerating the electron transport chain reaction, ensuring a stable microbial environment, and shortening the remediation cycle.
[0016] Therefore, this embodiment has the following advantages compared to the prior art:
[0017] A microbial-based semi-artificial wetland remediation system addresses the problems of inadequate design of current semi-artificial wetlands, which leads to failure to meet expected emission targets. Furthermore, the system also addresses the issues of unstable microbial communities and fluctuating treatment effects during periods of high temperature, drought, or heavy rainfall, resulting in long remediation cycles for artificial wetlands. Attached Figure Description
[0018] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of this utility model, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. It should be understood that the following drawings only show some embodiments of this utility model and should not be regarded as a limitation on the scope. For those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.
[0019] Figure 1A front view of a microbial-based semi-artificial wetland remediation system.
[0020] Figure 2 This is a front view of several filtration structures in a microbial-based semi-artificial wetland remediation system.
[0021] Legend:
[0022] 1-Filter structure; 1a-First filter unit; 1b-Second filter unit; 1c-Third filter unit; 2-Gravel layer; 3-Biochar composite matrix; 4-Zeolite layer; 5-Solar panel; 6-Support frame; 7-Energy storage device; 8-Electrode plate; 9-Plant; 10-Water inlet; 11-Drain outlet; 12-First filter plate; 13-Second filter plate; 14-Snap-fit body; 15-Snap-fit groove; 16-Counterweight box. Detailed Implementation
[0023] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.
[0024] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this utility model clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this utility model, and not all embodiments. The components of the embodiments of this utility model described and shown in the accompanying drawings can generally be arranged and designed in various different configurations.
[0025] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed invention, but merely to illustrate selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.
[0026] It should be noted that similar labels and letters in the following figures indicate similar items. Therefore, once an item is defined in one figure, it does not need to be further defined and explained in subsequent figures.
[0027] In the description of the embodiments of this utility model, it should be noted that the terms "upper" and "inner" indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, or the orientation or positional relationship in which the utility model product is usually placed when in use. They are only for the convenience of describing this utility model and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this utility model.
[0028] In the description of this utility model, it should also be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "set," "install," "connect," and "link" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this utility model based on the specific circumstances.
[0029] Example 1
[0030] Please see Figure 1-2 This utility model provides a technical solution: a semi-artificial wetland remediation system based on microorganisms, comprising:
[0031] The filter structure 1 includes a first filter unit 1a, a second filter unit 1b and a third filter unit 1c. In the first filter unit 1a, the second filter unit 1b and the third filter unit 1c, a gravel layer 2, a biochar composite matrix 3 and a zeolite layer 4 are arranged from bottom to top. The biochar composite matrix 3 is loaded with functional microbial communities. An impermeable HDPE membrane is arranged at the bottom of the gravel layer 2.
[0032] A solar panel 5 is connected to the second filter unit 1b via a support frame 6. Energy storage devices 7 are provided on both sides of the support frame 6, and electrode plates 8 are provided at the bottom of the energy storage devices 7. The electrode plates 8 extend into the interior of the second filter unit 1b.
[0033] The filter unit 1a is equipped with a water inlet 10 and the third filter unit 1c is equipped with a drain outlet 11.
[0034] Specifically, see Figure 1-2 A first filter plate 12 is provided between the first filter unit 1a and the second filter unit 1b, and a second filter plate 13 is provided between the second filter unit 1b and the third filter unit 1c. The mesh size of the second filter plate 13 is smaller than that of the first filter plate 12.
[0035] Specifically, see Figure 1-2The filter structure 1 has a snap-fit body 14 and a snap-fit groove 15 on both sides. Two adjacent filter structures 1 are snapped into the snap-fit groove 15 by the snap-fit body 14. When building a semi-artificial wetland restoration system, the staff only needs to align the snap-fit body of one filter structure with the snap-fit groove of the adjacent filter structure and then apply a certain pressure to achieve quick snap-fit. This facilitates installation, disassembly, and maintenance, and can be flexibly expanded according to the wetland terrain.
[0036] This invention provides a semi-artificial wetland remediation system based on microorganisms. Through a filtration structure, three sequentially connected filtration units—a first, second, and third—are constructed. Each unit is filled from bottom to top with a gravel layer, a biochar composite matrix, and a zeolite layer. The biochar composite matrix is loaded with functional microbial communities. The first filtration unit has an inlet on its side wall, and the third filtration unit has an outlet on its side wall. This structure achieves graded filtration and, in conjunction with solar panels, provides energy storage. The electrodes provide electron donors / acceptors to the functional microorganisms to enhance pollutant degradation. The cattail roots in the first filtration unit secrete organic acids to promote the decomposition of macromolecular organic matter and the absorption of nitrogen and phosphorus by microorganisms. The windmill grass in the third filtration unit accumulates heavy metals and transports them to the aboveground parts, working with the zeolite layer to deeply remove heavy metals. This structure is unaffected by extreme weather. When extreme weather occurs, the energy storage battery continuously supplies power to the electrodes, causing the continuously released microcurrents to stimulate microorganisms, accelerating the electron transport chain reaction, ensuring a stable microbial environment, and shortening the remediation cycle.
[0037] Therefore, this embodiment has the following advantages compared to the prior art:
[0038] A microbial-based semi-artificial wetland remediation system addresses the problems of inadequate design of current semi-artificial wetlands, which leads to failure to meet expected emission targets. Furthermore, the system also addresses the issues of unstable microbial communities and fluctuating treatment effects during periods of high temperature, drought, or heavy rainfall, resulting in long remediation cycles for artificial wetlands.
[0039] Example 2:
[0040] See Figure 1-2 The figure shows a semi-artificial wetland remediation system based on microorganisms provided in Embodiment 2 of this utility model. Based on the above embodiments, the following technical solutions are further improved: the energy storage device 7 is a storage battery.
[0041] Example 3:
[0042] See Figure 1-2The figure shows a semi-artificial wetland remediation system based on microorganisms provided in Embodiment 3 of this utility model. Based on the above embodiments, this embodiment further improves upon the following technical solution: a counterweight box 16 is provided on the filter structure 1. The counterweight box increases the weight of the system, lowers the system's center of gravity, and makes the system less prone to tilting or swaying when subjected to external forces, thereby maintaining a stable posture.
[0043] Example 4:
[0044] See Figure 1-2 The figure shows a semi-artificial wetland remediation system based on microorganisms provided in Embodiment 3 of this utility model. Based on the above embodiments, this embodiment further improves upon the following technical solutions: the first filtration unit 1a is planted with pollution-tolerant plants 9 (cattails and reeds), and the second filtration unit 1b is planted with enrichment plants 9 (windmill grass and calamus). Cattails and reeds secrete organic acids from their roots to promote the decomposition of macromolecular organic matter (such as proteins and fats) by microorganisms, while simultaneously absorbing nitrogen and phosphorus. Windmill grass and calamus, through enrichment, transport heavy metals to the above-ground parts, achieving deep removal of heavy metals in conjunction with the zeolite layer.
[0045] Example 5:
[0046] See Figure 1-2 The figure illustrates a semi-artificial wetland remediation system based on microorganisms provided in Embodiment 3 of this utility model. This embodiment further improves upon the above embodiments by making the following technical improvements: the functional microbial community comprises one or more of denitrifying bacteria, polyphosphate-accumulating bacteria, and Bacillus. Denitrifying bacteria, polyphosphate-accumulating bacteria, and Bacillus form a complex network of material cycling and energy flow in the wetland ecosystem. The simple organic matter and carbon dioxide produced by Bacillus from the decomposition of organic matter can provide carbon sources and energy for other microorganisms; the alkalinity produced by denitrifying bacteria during denitrification can regulate the pH of the water, creating a suitable environment for the growth of polyphosphate-accumulating bacteria and other microorganisms; and the phosphorus released by polyphosphate-accumulating bacteria during phosphorus removal can be utilized by other microorganisms.
[0047] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present utility model, but the protection scope of the present utility model is not limited thereto. Any equivalent substitutions or changes made by those skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in the present utility model, based on the technical solution and the inventive concept of the present utility model, should be included within the protection scope of the present utility model.
Claims
1. A semi-artificial wetland remediation system based on microorganisms, characterized in that, include: The filter structure (1) includes a first filter unit (1a), a second filter unit (1b) and a third filter unit (1c). In the first filter unit (1a), the second filter unit (1b) and the third filter unit (1c), a gravel layer (2), a biochar composite matrix (3) and a zeolite layer (4) are arranged from bottom to top. The biochar composite matrix (3) is loaded with functional microbial communities. An impermeable HDPE membrane is provided at the bottom of the gravel layer (2). A solar panel (5) is connected to the second filter unit (1b) via a support frame (6). Energy storage devices (7) are provided on both sides of the support frame (6). Electrode plates (8) are provided at the bottom of the energy storage devices (7). The electrode plates (8) extend into the interior of the second filter unit (1b). The first filter unit (1a) is provided with an inlet (10), and the third filter unit (1c) is provided with an outlet (11).
2. The semi-artificial wetland remediation system based on microorganisms according to claim 1, characterized in that, A first filter plate (12) is provided between the first filter unit (1a) and the second filter unit (1b), and a second filter plate (13) is provided between the second filter unit (1b) and the third filter unit (1c). The mesh size of the second filter plate (13) is smaller than that of the first filter plate (12).
3. The semi-artificial wetland remediation system based on microorganisms according to claim 1, characterized in that, The filter structure (1) is provided with a snap-fit body (14) and a snap-fit groove (15) on both sides respectively, and two adjacent filter structures (1) are snapped into the snap-fit groove (15) through the snap-fit body (14).
4. The semi-artificial wetland remediation system based on microorganisms according to claim 1, characterized in that, The energy storage device (7) is a storage battery.
5. The semi-artificial wetland remediation system based on microorganisms according to claim 1, characterized in that, The filter structure (1) is equipped with a counterweight box (16).
6. The semi-artificial wetland remediation system based on microorganisms according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first filtration unit (1a) is planted with pollution-tolerant plants (9), and the second filtration unit (1b) is planted with enrichment plants (9).
7. The semi-artificial wetland remediation system based on microorganisms according to claim 1, characterized in that, The functional microbial community consists of one or more of denitrifying bacteria, polyphosphate-accumulating bacteria, and Bacillus.