Oxygen-controlled biochemical humification compost reactor
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202522656262.X
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-12-15
- Publication Date
- 2026-10-27
- Estimated Expiration
- 2035-12-15
AI Technical Summary
[0002]现有生化腐殖化堆肥反应器多采用罐体侧壁或底部单一供气方式，氧气易在物料表层聚集，深层物料供氧不均，导致局部厌氧发酵，降低腐殖化效率并产生异味气体
1、控氧效果优异且气体利用率高。通过驱动电机带动搅拌轴及搅拌柱转动翻搅物料，同时含氧气体经进气管、输气腔从搅拌柱上的第一喷头均匀喷出，实现气体与物料充分接触。多余气体经气体回流管回收，经活性炭过滤箱吸附异味后，通过曝气盘重新送入罐体，既保证控氧精准性，又提升氧气利用率，配合泄压阀保障罐体压强安全。
Smart Images
Figure CN224901182U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This utility model relates to the field of composting technology, specifically to an oxygen-controlled biochemical humification composting reactor. Background Technology
[0002] Existing biochemical composting reactors mostly use a single gas supply method on the side wall or bottom of the tank. Oxygen tends to accumulate on the surface of the material, while the oxygen supply to the deeper layers is uneven, leading to localized anaerobic fermentation, reducing composting efficiency and producing odorous gases.
[0003] At the same time, the gas utilization rate is low, and the oxygen that has not fully reacted during the fermentation process is directly emitted with the exhaust gas, which not only wastes resources but also exacerbates environmental pressure.
[0004] In addition, the leachate produced by composting contains a large amount of microbial metabolites and soluble nutrients. Existing equipment lacks an efficient recovery mechanism, and direct discharge of leachate not only causes nutrient loss but also increases wastewater treatment costs. Utility Model Content
[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide an oxygen-controlled biochemical humification composting reactor to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.
[0006] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides the following technical solution: an oxygen-controlled biochemical humification composting reactor, comprising a tank body, a stirring shaft mounted on the tank body via a bearing seat, and a power assembly configured in conjunction with the stirring shaft, stirring columns mounted on the stirring shaft, a gas delivery chamber axially extending into the interior of each stirring column, a first nozzle connected to the gas delivery chamber on each stirring column, an air inlet pipe mounted on the top of the air delivery chamber via a sealed bearing, a gas supply structure and a gas return structure connected to the top of the air inlet pipe, a liquid collection tank at the bottom of the tank body, a discharge pipe at the bottom of the liquid collection tank, a mesh cover between the tank body and the discharge pipe, a spray pipe at the top of the interior of the tank body, a liquid inlet pipe at the top of the spray pipe, and a leachate return structure between the liquid collection tank and the liquid inlet pipe.
[0007] The present invention is further configured such that the leachate reflux structure includes a reflux box, which is disposed on one side of the collection box. A baffle is provided between the reflux box and the collection box, and a guide port is provided at the bottom end of the baffle. The guide port connects the reflux box and the collection box. A reflux extraction component is provided between the reflux box and the inlet pipe. The leachate will seep into the collection box through the mesh cover, while solid materials will be intercepted inside the mesh cover. The leachate entering the collection box will enter the reflux box through the guide port. The leachate contains microbial metabolites and soluble nutrients. The reflux replenishment can recover nutrients and avoid the loss of nutrients from the materials.
[0008] The present invention is further configured such that the reflux extraction assembly includes a liquid reflux pipe, the bottom end of which extends into the reflux tank and contacts the leachate, the top end of which is connected to the inlet pipe, and a reflux pump body is provided on the liquid reflux pipe. In use, the reflux pump body is activated so that the liquid reflux pipe draws the leachate and delivers it to the first diversion pipe, then to the inlet pipe, and finally to the spray pipe, and then sprays it out through the spray pipe, thereby realizing the recovery and utilization of microbial metabolites and soluble nutrients in the leachate.
[0009] The present invention is further configured such that a filter cotton layer is provided in the return box, the filter cotton layer is located above the guide port and below the surface of the leachate, and the bottom of the liquid return pipe is located above the filter cotton layer. By setting the filter cotton layer, impurities in the leachate can be further filtered, improving the cleanliness of the leachate during recovery and avoiding clogging of the spray pipe.
[0010] The present invention is further configured such that a first diversion pipe is provided on the liquid inlet pipe, one input end of the first diversion pipe is connected to a liquid return pipe, and the other input end is connected to a liquid supply pipe. The liquid supply pipe is connected to a fermentation liquid source, and fresh fermentation liquid and other required liquids are provided through the liquid supply pipe.
[0011] The present invention is further configured such that the gas supply structure includes a second diversion pipe, an input end of the second diversion pipe is connected to a gas supply pipe, the gas supply pipe is connected to an oxygen source, and the oxygen-containing gas is transported to the inlet pipe through the cooperation of the gas supply pipe and the second diversion pipe, and then transported to the gas delivery chamber through the inlet pipe, and then evenly sprayed out through the first nozzle. In this way, the uniformity of oxygen distribution in the material during the composting process can be improved.
[0012] The present invention is further configured such that the gas return structure includes a gas return pipe, which is connected to the other input end of the second diverter pipe. An aeration disc is provided at the bottom of the tank. The tail end of the gas return pipe is connected to the aeration disc, and an activated carbon filter box is connected to the gas return pipe. Excess gas is recovered through the gas return pipe. An air pump can be installed on the gas return pipe to enhance the suction effect and improve the flow performance of the gas in the material. The recovered gas can be filtered through the filter box to adsorb odorous gases such as methane produced by fermentation and decomposition. Oxygen and other gases can be transported back to the tank and sprayed out through the aeration disc to enhance the utilization effect of oxygen. The present invention can be equipped with a pressure relief valve at the top of the tank to ensure the safety of the internal pressure of the tank.
[0013] This utility model is further configured such that the power component includes a drive motor, and a synchronous belt drive structure is provided between the drive motor and the stirring shaft. In this utility model, the synchronous belt drive structure achieves drive through the meshing of the synchronous pulley and the synchronous belt. The synchronous belt drive has the characteristics of constant transmission ratio and stable transmission during the transmission process, and is widely used in multi-axis synchronous drive. The specific installation structure between the synchronous pulley and the stirring shaft should be known by those skilled in the art, and this utility model will not elaborate on it. Starting the drive motor and controlling the rotation of the stirring shaft through the cooperation of the drive motor and the synchronous belt rotation structure is a common structure for shaft rotation drive, and this utility model will not elaborate on it. A drain pipe is provided on the side of the reflux tank away from the collection tank, and a spray pipe is provided on the inner wall of the end of the collection tank away from the reflux tank. The input end of the spray pipe An external clean water source is connected, and a second nozzle is provided at the bottom of the collection tank with the output end facing the bottom. A guide slope is provided at the bottom of the collection tank facing the return tank. Excess leachate can be discharged through the drain pipe. When it is necessary to clean the inside of the collection tank and the return tank, the cleaning liquid can be transported to the spray pipe and sprayed out through the second nozzle to rinse the bottom of the return tank and the collection tank. The rinsing wastewater can be discharged through the drain pipe. In this utility model, the drain pipe, inlet pipe, first diversion pipe, second diversion pipe, liquid return pipe, gas return pipe and other pipe structures can all be controlled to open and close by valves. This utility model can be provided with a feed pipe at the top or the top of the side wall for feeding.
[0014] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this utility model are: 1. Excellent oxygen control and high gas utilization rate. The drive motor rotates the stirring shaft and column, agitating the materials. Simultaneously, oxygen-containing gas is evenly sprayed from the first nozzle on the stirring column through the inlet pipe and gas delivery chamber, ensuring full contact between the gas and materials. Excess gas is recovered through the gas return pipe, and after odor is adsorbed by the activated carbon filter, it is reintroduced into the tank through the aeration disc. This ensures precise oxygen control and improves oxygen utilization, while the pressure relief valve ensures safe tank pressure.
[0015] 2. Leachate recovery and reuse to reduce nutrient loss. The fermentation broth can be evenly sprayed through a spray pipe to ensure material moisture and inoculant content. The resulting leachate is filtered through a mesh cover and enters a collection tank, then flows into a return tank through a guide port. After impurities are filtered through a filter cotton layer, it is pumped back to the spray pipe by the return pump for reuse. Microbial metabolites and soluble nutrients in the leachate are recovered, avoiding waste of material nutrients.
[0016] 3. Easy to operate and convenient to clean and maintain. After fermentation, the material can be directly discharged through the bottom discharge pipe. Spiral blades can be added to the bottom of the stirring shaft to improve the smoothness of discharge. The reflux box is equipped with a drain pipe to discharge excess leachate. The spray pipe and second nozzle in the collection box, together with the guide slope, can efficiently wash the inside of the box. All kinds of pipes can be controlled by valves. The overall structure takes into account both ease of use and ease of maintenance. Attached Figure Description
[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of an oxygen-controlled biochemical humification composting reactor according to this utility model. Figure 1 ; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of an oxygen-controlled biochemical humification composting reactor according to this utility model. Figure 2 ; Figure 3 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the overall structure of the present invention. Figure 1 ; Figure 4 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the overall structure of the present invention. Figure 2 ; Figure 5 This is a cross-sectional view of the internal structure of the stirring shaft in this utility model.
[0018] The components represented by each number in the attached diagram are listed below: 1. Tank body; 2. Stirring shaft; 3. Stirring column; 4. Gas delivery chamber; 5. First nozzle; 6. Air inlet pipe; 7. Liquid collection tank; 8. Discharge pipe; 9. Mesh cover; 10. Spray pipe; 11. Liquid inlet pipe; 12. Return box; 13. Baffle; 14. Guide port; 15. Liquid return pipe; 16. Return pump body; 17. Filter cotton layer; 18. First diversion pipe; 19. Liquid supply pipe; 20. Second diversion pipe; 21. Air supply pipe; 22. Gas return pipe; 23. Aeration disc; 24. Activated carbon filter box; 25. Drive motor; 26. Synchronous belt drive structure; 27. Discharge pipe; 28. Spray pipe; 29. Second nozzle; 30. Guide slope. Detailed Implementation
[0019] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.
[0020] This utility model provides a technical solution: Please refer to Figures 1-5An oxygen-controlled biochemical humification composting reactor includes a tank body 1. A stirring shaft 2 is mounted on the tank body 1 via a bearing seat, and a power assembly is provided in conjunction with the stirring shaft 2. A stirring column 3 is provided on the stirring shaft 2. A gas delivery chamber 4 is opened along the axial direction of the stirring shaft 2, and the gas delivery chamber 4 extends into the interior of each stirring column 3. A first nozzle 5 is provided on the stirring column 3 in connection with the gas delivery chamber 4. An air inlet pipe 6 is mounted on the top of the air delivery chamber 4 via a sealed bearing. The top of the air inlet pipe 6 is connected to a gas supply structure and a gas return structure. A liquid collection tank 7 is provided at the bottom of the tank body 1. A discharge pipe 8 is provided at the bottom of the liquid collection tank 7. A mesh cover 9 is provided between the tank body 1 and the discharge pipe 8. A spray pipe 10 is provided at the top of the interior of the tank body 1. An inlet pipe 11 is provided at the top of the spray pipe 10. A leachate return structure is provided between the liquid collection tank 7 and the inlet pipe 11.
[0021] Please see Figures 1-5 As one embodiment of this utility model: the leachate reflux structure of this utility model includes a reflux box 12, which is set on one side of the collection box 7. A baffle 13 is set between the reflux box 12 and the collection box 7. A guide port 14 is opened at the bottom of the baffle 13, which connects the reflux box 12 and the collection box 7. A reflux pumping component is set between the reflux box 12 and the inlet pipe 11. The leachate will seep into the collection box 7 through the mesh cover 9, while the solid material will be intercepted inside the mesh cover 9. The leachate entering the collection box 7 will enter the reflux box 12 through the guide port 14. The leachate contains microbial metabolites and soluble nutrients. The reflux water replenishment can recover nutrients and avoid the loss of nutrients in the material.
[0022] Please see Figures 1-5 As one embodiment of this utility model: the reflux extraction assembly of this utility model includes a liquid reflux pipe 15. The bottom end of the liquid reflux pipe 15 extends into the reflux box 12 and contacts the leachate. The top end of the liquid reflux pipe 15 is connected to the inlet pipe 11. A reflux pump body 16 is provided on the liquid reflux pipe 15. In use, the reflux pump body 16 is started so that the liquid reflux pipe 15 draws the leachate and delivers it to the first diversion pipe 18. The leachate is then delivered to the inlet pipe 11 through the first diversion pipe 18 and to the spray pipe 10 through the inlet pipe 11. The leachate is then sprayed out through the spray pipe 10, realizing the recovery and utilization of microbial metabolites and soluble nutrients in the leachate.
[0023] Please see Figures 1-5As one embodiment of the present invention: In the present invention, a filter cotton layer 17 is provided in the return box 12. The filter cotton layer 17 is located above the guide port 14 and below the surface of the leachate. The bottom of the liquid return pipe 15 is located above the filter cotton layer 17. By setting the filter cotton layer 17, impurities in the leachate can be further filtered, improving the cleanliness of the leachate during recovery and avoiding clogging of the spray pipe 10. Here, the filter cotton layer 17 can be supported and fixed by a mesh plate structure.
[0024] Please see Figures 1-5 As one embodiment of the present invention: In the present invention, a first diversion pipe 18 is provided on the liquid inlet pipe 11. One input end of the first diversion pipe 18 is connected to the liquid return pipe 15, and the other input end is connected to the liquid supply pipe 19. The liquid supply pipe 19 is connected to the fermentation liquid source, and fresh fermentation liquid and other required liquids are provided through the liquid supply pipe 19.
[0025] Please see Figures 1-5 As one embodiment of the present invention: the gas supply structure of the present invention includes a second diversion pipe 20, an input end of the second diversion pipe 20 is connected to a gas supply pipe 21, the gas supply pipe 21 is connected to an oxygen source, and the oxygen gas is transported to the air inlet pipe 6 through the cooperation of the gas supply pipe 21 and the second diversion pipe 20, and then transported to the gas delivery chamber 4 through the air inlet pipe 6, and then evenly sprayed out through the first nozzle 5. In this way, the uniformity of oxygen distribution in the material during the composting process can be improved.
[0026] Please see Figures 1-5 As one embodiment of this utility model: the gas return structure of this utility model includes a gas return pipe 22, which is connected to the other input end of the second diversion pipe 20. An aeration disc 23 is provided at the bottom of the tank body 1. The tail end of the gas return pipe 22 is connected to the aeration disc 23, and an activated carbon filter box 24 is connected to the gas return pipe 22. Excess gas will be recovered through the gas return pipe 22. An air pump can be installed on the gas return pipe 22 to enhance the gas suction effect and improve the flow performance of the gas in the material. The recovered gas can be filtered through the filter box to adsorb odorous gases such as methane produced by fermentation and decay. The oxygen and other gases can be transported back to the tank body 1 and sprayed out through the aeration disc 23 to enhance the utilization effect of oxygen. This utility model can be equipped with a pressure relief valve at the top of the tank body 1 to ensure the safety of the internal pressure of the tank body 1.
[0027] Please see Figures 1-5As one embodiment of this utility model: the power component of this utility model includes a drive motor 25, and a synchronous belt transmission structure 26 is provided between the drive motor 25 and the stirring shaft 2. In this utility model, the synchronous belt transmission structure 26 achieves drive through the meshing of the synchronous pulley and the synchronous belt. The synchronous belt transmission has the characteristics of constant transmission ratio and stable transmission during the transmission process, and is widely used in multi-axis synchronous drive. The specific installation structure between the synchronous pulley and the stirring shaft 2 should be known by those skilled in the art, and this utility model will not elaborate on it. Starting the drive motor 25, the rotation of the stirring shaft 2 can be controlled by the cooperation of the drive motor 25 and the synchronous belt rotation structure. This is a common structure for shaft rotation drive, and this utility model will not elaborate on it. A drain pipe 27 is provided on the side of the return tank 12 away from the collection tank 7. A spray pipe 28 is provided on the inner wall of the end of the collection tank 7 away from the return tank 12. The input end of the spray pipe 28 is connected to a clean water source, and the output... A second nozzle 29 is provided at the bottom end of the collection tank 7, and a guide slope 30 is provided at the bottom end of the collection tank 7 facing the return tank 12. Excess leachate can be discharged through the drain pipe 27. When it is necessary to clean the inside of the collection tank 7 and the return tank 12, the cleaning liquid can be transported to the spray pipe 28 and sprayed out through the second nozzle 29 to rinse the bottom end of the return tank 12 and the collection tank 7. The rinsing wastewater can be discharged through the drain pipe 27. In this utility model, the drain pipe 27, the inlet pipe 11, the first diversion pipe 18, the second diversion pipe 20, the liquid return pipe 15, the gas return pipe 22 and other pipe structures can all be controlled to open and close by valves. In this utility model, a feed pipe can be provided at the top or the top of the side wall for feeding.
[0028] In summary: When in use, the motor is started, and the stirring shaft 2 is rotated by the cooperation of the drive motor 25 and the synchronous belt transmission structure 26. The stirring shaft 2 drives the stirring rod to rotate, thereby realizing the stirring of materials. During this process, oxygen-containing gas can be transported to the air inlet pipe 6 through the air supply pipe 21, and then to the air delivery chamber 4 through the air inlet pipe 6. Finally, it is evenly sprayed out through the first nozzle 5 on the stirring rod, so that the oxygen-containing gas can fully and evenly contact the materials during the stirring process, improving the oxygen control effect during the material fermentation process. Excess gas is recovered through the gas return pipe 22. An air pump can be installed on the gas return pipe 22 to enhance the air intake effect and improve the flow performance of gas in the materials. The recovered gas passes through the filter box to adsorb the methane and other odorous gases produced by fermentation and decay. The oxygen and other gases can be transported back to the tank 1 and sprayed out through the aeration disc 23 to enhance the utilization effect of oxygen. The present invention can install a pressure relief valve on the top of the tank 1 to ensure the safety of the internal pressure of the tank 1. This invention allows the fermentation liquid to be transported to the spray pipe 10 via the supply pipe 19, ensuring even spraying on the material and maintaining its moisture content. It also allows for the addition of microbial agents to guarantee the biochemical corrosion effect of the material. The leachate generated during fermentation flows out through the mesh cover 9 and is collected in the collection tank 7. The leachate entering the collection tank 7 flows into the return tank 12 through the guide port 14. After the leachate passes through the filter cotton layer 17, impurities are filtered out. The pump is then activated, and the leachate is drawn back through the liquid return pipe 15 and re-transported to the inlet pipe 11 through the first diversion pipe 18. The leachate is then sprayed back onto the material inside the tank 1 through the spray pipe 10. The leachate contains microbial metabolites and soluble nutrients; the recirculation and replenishment of water allows for nutrient recovery, preventing nutrient loss from the material.
[0029] During discharge, the material can be discharged directly through the discharge pipe at the bottom. In order to ensure smooth discharge, the present invention can be provided with spiral blades at the bottom end of the stirring shaft 2. This is a common practice in the field and is not shown in the accompanying drawings.
[0030] This utility model achieves overall support through support legs or frame structure.
[0031] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.
[0032] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims
1. An oxygen-controlled biochemical humification composting reactor, comprising a tank (1), characterized in that: A stirring shaft (2) is mounted on the tank body (1) via a bearing seat, and a power assembly is provided in conjunction with the stirring shaft (2). A stirring column (3) is provided on the stirring shaft (2). An air delivery chamber (4) is opened along the axial direction of the stirring shaft (2), and the air delivery chamber (4) extends into the interior of each stirring column (3). A first nozzle (5) is provided on the stirring column (3) communicating with the air delivery chamber (4). An air inlet pipe (6) is installed at the top of the air delivery chamber (4) via a sealed bearing. (6) has a gas supply structure and a gas return structure connected to its top. The bottom of the tank (1) is provided with a liquid collection tank (7). The bottom of the liquid collection tank (7) is provided with a discharge pipe (8). A mesh cover (9) is provided between the tank (1) and the discharge pipe (8). The top of the inside of the tank (1) is provided with a spray pipe (10). The top of the spray pipe (10) is provided with a liquid inlet pipe (11). A leachate return structure is provided between the liquid collection tank (7) and the liquid inlet pipe (11).
2. The oxygen-controlled biochemical humification composting reactor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The leachate reflux structure includes a reflux box (12), which is located on one side of the collection box (7). A baffle (13) is provided between the reflux box (12) and the collection box (7). A guide port (14) is provided at the bottom of the baffle (13). The guide port (14) connects the reflux box (12) and the collection box (7). A reflux pumping assembly is provided between the reflux box (12) and the inlet pipe (11).
3. The oxygen-controlled biochemical humification composting reactor according to claim 2, characterized in that: The reflux pumping assembly includes a liquid reflux pipe (15), the bottom end of which extends into the reflux box (12) and contacts the leachate. The top end of the liquid reflux pipe (15) is connected to the inlet pipe (11), and a reflux pump body (16) is provided on the liquid reflux pipe (15).
4. The oxygen-controlled biochemical humification composting reactor according to claim 3, characterized in that: The return box (12) is provided with a filter cotton layer (17), which is located above the guide port (14) and below the surface of the leachate. The bottom of the liquid return pipe (15) is located above the filter cotton layer (17).
5. The oxygen-controlled biochemical humification composting reactor according to claim 4, characterized in that: The inlet pipe (11) is provided with a first diversion pipe (18). One input end of the first diversion pipe (18) is connected to the liquid return pipe (15), and the other input end is connected to the liquid supply pipe (19). The liquid supply pipe (19) is connected to the fermentation liquid source.
6. The oxygen-controlled biochemical humification composting reactor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The gas supply structure includes a second branch pipe (20), one input end of which is connected to a gas supply pipe (21), and the gas supply pipe (21) is connected to an oxygen source.
7. The oxygen-controlled biochemical humification composting reactor according to claim 6, characterized in that: The gas reflux structure includes a gas reflux pipe (22), which is connected to the other input end of the second diversion pipe (20). An aeration disc (23) is provided at the bottom of the tank (1). The tail end of the gas reflux pipe (22) is connected to the aeration disc (23), and an activated carbon filter box (24) is connected to the gas reflux pipe (22).
8. The oxygen-controlled biochemical humification composting reactor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The power assembly includes a drive motor (25), and a synchronous belt drive structure (26) is provided between the drive motor (25) and the stirring shaft (2).
9. The oxygen-controlled biochemical humification composting reactor according to claim 2, characterized in that: A drain pipe (27) is provided on the side of the return tank (12) away from the collection tank (7). A spray pipe (28) is provided on the inner wall of the end of the collection tank (7) away from the return tank (12). The input end of the spray pipe (28) is connected to a clean water source, and a second nozzle (29) is provided at the bottom of the collection tank (7) at the output end. A guide slope (30) is provided at the bottom of the collection tank (7) facing the return tank (12).