A kind of based on waste power plant waste fermentation with leachate back spraying device
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202522590224.9
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-12-05
- Publication Date
- 2026-10-27
- Estimated Expiration
- 2035-12-05
AI Technical Summary
垃圾焚烧厂垃圾库作为生活垃圾储存和发酵的关键区域，其环境控制至关重要；目前垃圾焚烧电厂普遍面临以下问题：入炉垃圾成分复杂、含水率高（通常达30%-50%），导致低位热值偏低；渗滤液产生量大，处理成本高昂，传统处理方式运行费用昂贵；季节性变化导致垃圾热值波动大，影响锅炉稳定燃烧；吨发电量指标提升遇到瓶颈，直接影响电厂经济效益；因此，本实用新型针对以上问题对现有设备进行改进
[0010]与现有技术相比，本实用新型的有益效果是：本实用新型通过储液结构将发酵过程中产生的水分渗透出来并储存，有效减少了垃圾含水率，提高了垃圾的燃烧热值；再通过定期回喷定量渗透液的方式，有效重复利用渗透液代替菌群接种，提高了渗透液的消耗从而降低渗透液的处理压力，减少了渗透液处理费用；再通过加热组件和储液结构的配合，有效将渗透液加热并保温从而确保回喷后发酵罐内温度不受影响，减小了季节造成的温度波动，提高了锅炉燃烧稳定性；最后通过除氮组件将反复使用后的渗透液除去内部的氨氮成分，避免发酵罐内氨氮物质累积从而影响菌群活性，提高了菌群发酵效果，从而提高了电厂发电量；最终解决了目前垃圾焚烧电厂普遍面临的发电指标提升遇到瓶颈的问题。
Smart Images
Figure CN224901290U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This utility model relates to the field of waste-to-energy plant technology, and in particular to a device for re-spraying leachate from waste fermentation in waste-to-energy plants. Background Technology
[0002] With the acceleration of urbanization, the amount of municipal solid waste generated continues to increase. Waste-to-energy incineration, as an important method for waste reduction, resource recovery, and harmless treatment, has attracted much attention regarding its operational efficiency. The waste storage area of a waste incineration plant, as a key area for the storage and fermentation of municipal solid waste, requires crucial environmental control. Currently, waste-to-energy incineration plants generally face the following problems: complex composition of waste entering the furnace with high moisture content (typically 30%-50%), resulting in low net calorific value; large amounts of leachate generated, leading to high treatment costs, and expensive operating costs for traditional treatment methods; seasonal variations causing large fluctuations in the calorific value of waste, affecting stable boiler combustion; and bottlenecks in improving power generation per ton, directly impacting the economic benefits of the power plant. Therefore, this utility model addresses these problems by improving existing equipment. Utility Model Content
[0003] The purpose of this invention is to address the shortcomings of existing technologies by proposing a leachate recirculation device based on waste fermentation in waste-to-energy plants.
[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: a leachate return spraying device for waste fermentation in a waste-to-energy plant, comprising a fermentation tank built on the ground, wherein the fermentation tank is provided with a return spraying component for forming a leachate circulation path, the return spraying component includes a liquid storage structure, a heating component is provided on the return spraying component, and a denitrification component is provided on the liquid storage structure.
[0005] Preferably, the liquid storage structure includes a liquid storage tank, which is made of concrete and buried underground. The inside of the liquid storage tank is filled with an insulation layer, and the inside of the insulation layer is provided with an anti-corrosion layer.
[0006] Preferably, the back spray assembly includes a permeate pipe, the upper end of which is connected to a collector inside the fermenter, and the lower end of which penetrates the liquid storage structure and is connected to the interior of the liquid storage structure.
[0007] Preferably, the permeate pipe is provided with a return spray pipe at a symmetrical position on the left and right sides of the center of the storage tank. The lower end of the return spray pipe penetrates the lower part of the storage tank, and the upper end of the return spray pipe is connected to the sprayer built into the fermenter.
[0008] Preferably, the nitrogen removal component includes an air inlet pipe, the upper end of which penetrates the ground and extends vertically for a certain distance, the lower end of which connects to the interior of the liquid storage tank, and an air outlet pipe is connected to the middle of the top surface of the liquid storage tank, with the upper end of the air outlet pipe connected to a purification tower.
[0009] Preferably, the heating assembly includes a water inlet pipe, which is connected downward to a first heat exchange pipe and connected at the tail end to a second heat exchange pipe. The first heat exchange pipe is fitted and sealed on the outer surface of the permeate pipe, and the second heat exchange pipe is fitted and sealed on the return spray pipe. A water outlet pipe for connecting to an external water supply device is provided between the first heat exchange pipe and the second heat exchange pipe.
[0010] Compared with existing technologies, the beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: This invention effectively reduces the moisture content of waste and increases its calorific value by permeating and storing the water generated during fermentation through a liquid storage structure; furthermore, by periodically re-spraying a quantitative amount of permeate, the permeate is effectively reused to replace bacterial inoculation, increasing permeate consumption and thus reducing permeate treatment pressure and costs; the combination of heating components and the liquid storage structure effectively heats and maintains the permeate, ensuring that the temperature inside the fermentation tank remains unaffected after re-spraying, reducing seasonal temperature fluctuations and improving boiler combustion stability; finally, the denitrification component removes ammonia nitrogen from the repeatedly used permeate, preventing the accumulation of ammonia nitrogen in the fermentation tank and thus affecting bacterial activity, improving bacterial fermentation, and consequently increasing power plant output; ultimately, this invention solves the bottleneck problem of improving power generation indicators commonly faced by waste incineration power plants. Attached Figure Description
[0011] The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the present invention and form part of this application, illustrate exemplary embodiments of the present invention and, together with the description thereof, serve to explain the present invention and do not constitute an undue limitation thereof. In the drawings: Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the overall appearance of the device proposed in this utility model; Figure 2 This is a three-dimensional sectional view of the liquid storage structure proposed in this utility model; Figure 3 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the backflow assembly structure proposed in this utility model; Figure 4 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the nitrogen removal component structure proposed in this utility model; Figure 5 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the heating component structure proposed in this utility model; Figure 6 The present utility model proposes Figure 2 Enlarged diagram of part A in the middle.
[0012] The numbers in the diagram are: 1. Ground; 2. Fermentation tank; 3. Permeate pipe; 4. Storage tank; 5. Insulation layer; 6. Anti-corrosion layer; 7. Return spray pipe; 8. Air inlet pipe; 9. Air outlet pipe; 10. Purification tower; 11. Water inlet pipe; 12. First heat exchanger pipe; 13. Second heat exchanger pipe; 14. Water outlet pipe. Detailed Implementation
[0013] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present utility model. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments.
[0014] Example: See Figures 1 to 6 This utility model discloses a leachate return spraying device for waste fermentation in a waste-to-energy plant. It includes a fermentation tank 2 built on the ground 1, a return spraying assembly for forming a leachate circulation path, a liquid storage structure, a heating assembly, and a denitrification assembly. The liquid storage structure includes a storage pool 4, which is made of concrete and buried below the ground 1. An insulation layer 5 is filled around the inside of the storage pool 4, and an anti-corrosion layer 6 is provided around the inner perimeter of the insulation layer 5. The liquid storage structure allows water generated during fermentation to permeate out and be stored, effectively reducing the moisture content of the waste and increasing its calorific value.
[0015] In this invention, to address the problems of large leachate production, high treatment costs, and expensive operating costs of traditional treatment methods, the following technical solution is adopted: The recirculation assembly includes a leachate pipe 3. The upper end of the leachate pipe 3 is connected to a collector inside the fermenter 2, and the lower end of the leachate pipe 3 penetrates the storage structure and connects to its interior. A recirculation pipe 7 is provided at a symmetrical position to the left and right of the center of the storage tank 4. The lower end of the recirculation pipe 7 penetrates the lower part of the storage tank 4, and the upper end of the recirculation pipe 7 is connected to a sprayer inside the fermenter 2. By periodically recirculating a quantitative amount of leachate, the leachate is effectively reused to replace bacterial inoculation, thereby reducing the consumption of leachate, lowering the treatment pressure of leachate, and reducing leachate treatment costs.
[0016] In this invention, to address the problem of large fluctuations in the calorific value of waste caused by seasonal changes, which affects the stable combustion of the boiler, the following technical solution is adopted: The heating component includes a water inlet pipe 11, which is connected downward to a first heat exchange pipe 12, and the end of the water inlet pipe 11 is connected to a second heat exchange pipe 13. The first heat exchange pipe 12 is fitted and sealed on the outer surface of the permeate pipe 3, and the second heat exchange pipe 13 is fitted and sealed on the return spray pipe 7. A water outlet pipe 14 for connecting to an external water supply device is provided between the first heat exchange pipe 12 and the second heat exchange pipe 13. Through the cooperation of the heating component and the liquid storage structure, the permeate is effectively heated and kept warm, thereby ensuring that the temperature inside the fermentation tank 2 after the return spray is not affected, reducing the temperature fluctuations caused by the seasons, and improving the combustion stability of the boiler.
[0017] In this utility model, in order to solve the problem of bottlenecks in improving the power generation per ton index, which directly affects the economic benefits of the power plant, the following technical solution is adopted: The denitrification component includes an air inlet pipe 8, the upper end of which penetrates the ground 1 and extends vertically for a certain distance, and the lower end of which connects to the interior of the liquid storage tank 4. An air outlet pipe 9 is connected to the middle of the top surface of the liquid storage tank 4, and the upper end of the air outlet pipe 9 is connected to a purification tower 10. The denitrification component removes the ammonia nitrogen component from the repeatedly used permeate, avoiding the accumulation of ammonia nitrogen in the fermentation tank 2, which would affect the activity of the microbial community, improve the fermentation effect of the microbial community, and thus increase the power generation of the power plant.
[0018] Working Principle: When using this invention, first, power is supplied to all electrical equipment. Then, connect the air inlet pipe 8 to the air supply equipment, and connect the water inlet pipe 11, water outlet pipe 14, and water supply equipment to begin operation. First, the water obtained from fermentation inside the fermentation tank 2 is collected through osmosis to obtain permeate, effectively ensuring a low moisture content in the waste and increasing its calorific value. Then, the permeate enters the storage tank 4 through the permeate pipe 3 and periodically enters the sprayer above the fermentation tank 2 through the return spray pipe 7, thus replacing traditional microbial inoculation and reducing the production of fermentation liquid. During the return spraying process, hot water is introduced through the air inlet pipe 8... Water pipe 11 enters the first heat exchange pipe 12 and the second heat exchange pipe 13, and then returns to the water supply equipment through the outlet pipe 14. This ensures the temperature of the permeate as it enters and exits the storage structure, thereby stabilizing the boiler combustion temperature. Finally, repeated use of the permeate can easily lead to the accumulation of ammonia nitrogen in the fermenter 2, resulting in reduced bacterial activity and affecting the fermentation process. At this time, the pH value of the fermentation liquid in the storage structure can be increased to about 12. At this time, the ammonia nitrogen is in a free state and can be blown out of the permeate by the steam introduced through the air inlet pipe 8, thereby avoiding the accumulation of ammonia nitrogen, improving the fermentation efficiency of the device, and thus increasing the power generation of the power plant.
[0019] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present utility model, but the protection scope of the present utility model is not limited thereto. Any equivalent substitutions or changes made by those skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in the present utility model, based on the technical solution and the inventive concept of the present utility model, should be included within the protection scope of the present utility model.
Claims
1. A leachate recirculation device for waste-to-energy plant waste fermentation, comprising a fermentation tank (2) constructed on the ground (1), characterized in that: The fermenter (2) is provided with a back spray assembly for forming a permeate circulation path. The back spray assembly includes a liquid storage structure, a heating assembly, and a denitrification assembly.
2. The leachate re-spraying device for waste-to-energy plant fermentation as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The liquid storage structure includes a liquid storage tank (4), which is made of concrete and buried below the ground (1). The liquid storage tank (4) is filled with a heat insulation layer (5) around its interior, and the heat insulation layer (5) is provided with an anti-corrosion layer (6) around its inner side.
3. The leachate re-spraying device for waste-to-energy plant fermentation as described in claim 2, characterized in that: The back spray assembly includes a permeate pipe (3), the upper end of which is connected to the collector inside the fermenter (2), and the lower end of which penetrates the liquid storage structure and is connected to the inside of the liquid storage structure.
4. A leachate re-spraying device for waste-to-energy plant fermentation as described in claim 3, characterized in that: The permeate pipe (3) is located at a symmetrical position to the left and right of the center of the storage tank (4) and a return spray pipe (7) is provided. The lower end of the return spray pipe (7) penetrates the lower part of the storage tank (4) and the upper end of the return spray pipe (7) is connected to the sprayer inside the fermentation tank (2).
5. A leachate re-spraying device for waste-to-energy plant fermentation as described in claim 2, characterized in that: The denitrification component includes an air inlet pipe (8), the upper end of which penetrates the ground (1) and extends vertically for a distance. The lower end of the air inlet pipe (8) is connected to the interior of the liquid storage tank (4). An air outlet pipe (9) is connected to the middle of the top surface of the liquid storage tank (4). The upper end of the air outlet pipe (9) is connected to a purification tower (10).
6. A leachate re-spraying device for waste-to-energy plant waste fermentation according to claim 5, characterized in that: The heating assembly includes a water inlet pipe (11), which is connected downward to a first heat exchange pipe (12). The end of the water inlet pipe (11) is connected to a second heat exchange pipe (13). The first heat exchange pipe (12) is fitted and sealed on the outer surface of the permeate pipe (3), and the second heat exchange pipe (13) is fitted and sealed on the return spray pipe (7). A water outlet pipe (14) for connecting to an external water supply device is provided between the first heat exchange pipe (12) and the second heat exchange pipe (13).