A tiered rack assembly for a mechanical component heat treatment apparatus

Abstract

The utility model provides a kind of layered material rack assembly of mechanical component heat treatment device belongs to mechanical component heat treatment device technical field, the layered material rack assembly of this mechanical component heat treatment device includes support column, material carrying pallet and limit guide rail, the support column is the tubular structure of vertical arrangement, the geometric center position of the material carrying pallet is equipped with through hole, the support column is inserted into the through hole, the material carrying pallet is layered distribution along the axial direction of the support column, the limit guide rail is fixedly connected to the outer circumferential surface of the support column, the limit guide rail extends along the axial direction of the support column, the edge of the material carrying pallet is provided with the annular engagement slot extending downward;It can solve the problem that the material carrying pallet in the existing mechanical component heat treatment device is prone to sag or slip, cannot maintain stable layered spacing and horizontal state, causes the heating of different levels of components to be uneven, affects the consistency of heat treatment quality.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the technical field of heat treatment equipment for mechanical parts, and more specifically, it relates to a layered material rack assembly for a heat treatment equipment for mechanical parts. Background Technology

[0002] In the field of machinery manufacturing, heat treatment is a crucial process for improving the performance of metal parts. By heating, holding, and cooling the parts, the microstructure of the material can be adjusted, improving hardness, strength, and wear resistance. To improve production efficiency, heat treatment equipment typically employs layered rack assemblies to process multiple batches of parts simultaneously. Existing layered rack assemblies mainly consist of columns and multiple layers of pallets, with the pallets fixed to different heights of the columns by bolts or pins. In practical use, when the heat treatment temperature reaches 600 to 900 degrees Celsius, the strength of the pallet and column materials decreases significantly, and thermal expansion occurs, leading to loosening at the fixing points. Under the weight of the parts, the pallets are prone to tilting or sinking, and the spacing between different layers of parts changes, affecting hot air circulation and temperature uniformity. Current technologies typically address this problem by increasing the number of fixing points or using thicker columns and pallets. However, this increases the weight and heat capacity of the rack assembly, prolongs heating and cooling times, reduces production efficiency, and increases energy consumption. Another approach is to use a special high-temperature alloy material to manufacture the entire rack assembly. While this maintains structural stability, it significantly increases costs and is unsuitable for large-scale applications. Furthermore, the fixed positions of the pallets in existing rack assemblies prevent adjustments to the layer spacing to accommodate different sized parts. This results in insufficient space when handling large parts and wasted space when handling small parts, leading to poor adaptability and economy of the equipment. Utility Model Content

[0003] In view of this, the present invention provides a layered rack assembly for a heat treatment device for mechanical parts. This invention solves the problems in existing heat treatment devices for mechanical parts, where the rack assembly deforms due to thermal expansion and strength reduction of materials under high temperature, causing the load-bearing pallet to sag or slip. This makes it impossible to maintain a stable layer spacing and horizontal state, resulting in uneven heating of parts at different layers and affecting the consistency of heat treatment quality. At the same time, the existing rack assembly has difficulty in adjusting the position of the load-bearing pallet, making it impossible to flexibly adjust the layer layout according to the size and quantity of parts in different batches, thus reducing the space utilization and production efficiency of the heat treatment device.

[0004] This utility model is implemented as follows:

[0005] This utility model provides a layered material rack assembly for a heat treatment device for mechanical parts, including a support column, a material carrier plate, and a limiting guide rail. The support column is a vertically arranged tubular structure. A through hole is opened at the geometric center of the material carrier plate, through which the support column passes. The material carrier plate is distributed in layers along the axial direction of the support column. The limiting guide rail is fixedly connected to the outer circumferential surface of the support column and extends along the axial direction of the support column. The edge of the material carrier plate is provided with a downwardly extending annular engagement groove. The inner wall of the annular engagement groove is in contact with the outer surface of the limiting guide rail. The cross-section of the limiting guide rail is trapezoidal, with the width of the upper base of the trapezoid being smaller than the width of the lower base. The opening width of the annular engagement groove is smaller than the bottom inner diameter width of the annular engagement groove.

[0006] The technical advantages of the layered rack assembly of the heat treatment device for mechanical parts provided by this utility model are as follows: By setting a downward-extending annular locking groove on the edge of the loading pallet, and having its inner wall surface make contact with the outer surface of the limiting guide rail, combined with the trapezoidal structure of the limiting guide rail with a narrow upper and wide lower cross section, and the design that the groove width of the annular locking groove is smaller than the bottom inner diameter width, the stable locking and flexible adjustment functions of the loading pallet on the supporting column are realized. When the loading pallet descends along the supporting column, the annular locking groove and the trapezoidal limiting guide rail form a wedge-shaped engagement, producing a self-locking effect, effectively preventing the loading pallet from accidentally sliding down due to the increase in weight of the mechanical parts or thermal expansion and contraction during the heat treatment process. At the same time, the locking can be released by appropriate external force to realize position adjustment, meeting the layered placement requirements of different batches of parts.

[0007] Based on the above technical solution, the layered material rack assembly of the heat treatment device for mechanical parts of this utility model can be further improved as follows:

[0008] The upper surface of the material carrier plate is provided with multiple radially arranged reinforcing ribs, the starting end of the reinforcing ribs is located at the edge of the through hole, and the end of the reinforcing ribs is located at the outer edge of the material carrier plate.

[0009] The beneficial effects of adopting the above-mentioned improvement scheme are as follows: by setting multiple radial reinforcing ribs on the upper surface of the material carrier plate, extending from the edge of the through hole to the outer edge, the overall rigidity and bending strength of the material carrier plate are significantly improved. When the mechanical parts are subjected to heat treatment, the reinforcing ribs effectively transfer the load from the central area of ​​the material carrier plate to the edge support position, avoiding the sagging deformation of the central area of ​​the material carrier plate due to the decrease in material strength after heating, ensuring that the parts remain in a horizontal position throughout the entire heat treatment cycle, and improving the uniformity and stability of the heat treatment quality.

[0010] Furthermore, three limiting guide rails are evenly distributed along the circumference of the supporting column, and the central angle between two adjacent limiting guide rails is 120°.

[0011] The beneficial effects of adopting the above-mentioned improvement scheme are as follows: By arranging three limit guides evenly along the circumference of the support column, and with a central angle of 120° between adjacent limit guides, a three-point balanced support structure for the material pallet is formed, which effectively eliminates the tilting or rotation problems that may occur when the material pallet is bearing an eccentric load. The cooperation between the three limit guides and the annular locking groove ensures that the material pallet has the same support stiffness and stability in any direction. Even if the mechanical parts are asymmetrically distributed on the material pallet, the material pallet can be kept in a horizontal state, avoiding the slippage or stacking of parts that may affect the heat treatment effect.

[0012] Furthermore, the included angle between the inner wall of the annular locking groove and the lower surface of the material carrier plate is 65~75°.

[0013] The beneficial effects of adopting the above-mentioned improvement scheme are as follows: by limiting the included angle between the inner wall of the annular locking groove and the lower surface of the material carrier plate to a range of 65~75°, the best balance between locking reliability and ease of disassembly and assembly is achieved. This angle range ensures that sufficient frictional locking force is generated when the annular locking groove and the trapezoidal limiting guide rail are engaged, preventing the material carrier plate from accidentally sliding due to vibration or thermal shock during heat treatment. At the same time, it does not require excessive external force to be applied when adjusting the position of the material carrier plate due to excessive tightness, thereby reducing the labor intensity of operators and reducing the wear of the limiting guide rail and the annular locking groove.

[0014] Furthermore, the upper surface of the material carrier is provided with a plurality of raised positioning posts, the raised positioning posts being truncated cone-shaped, and the top diameter of the raised positioning posts being smaller than the bottom diameter of the raised positioning posts.

[0015] The beneficial effects of adopting the above-mentioned improvement scheme are as follows: By setting several raised positioning posts in the shape of a frustum on the upper surface of the material carrier plate, with the top diameter being smaller than the bottom diameter, a precise positioning reference and anti-slip function are provided for the mechanical parts. The frustum structure makes it easy for the parts to maintain stable positioning even when the parts change size due to thermal expansion at high temperatures. The smaller diameter design at the top allows the parts to be accurately positioned, while the larger diameter design at the bottom provides sufficient support area and anti-overturning moment, preventing the parts from shifting or falling over due to temperature gradients or airflow disturbances during heat treatment, thus ensuring the consistency of heat treatment.

[0016] Furthermore, the cross-section of the reinforcing rib is an isosceles triangle structure, the base of the reinforcing rib is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the material carrier plate, and the height of the reinforcing rib along the radial direction of the material carrier plate gradually decreases from the inside to the outside.

[0017] The beneficial effects of adopting the above-mentioned improvement scheme are as follows: by designing the cross-section of the reinforcing rib as an isosceles triangle structure and making the height of the reinforcing rib gradually decrease from the inside to the outside along the radial direction of the material carrier, the weight optimization and strength maintenance of the material carrier are achieved. The higher reinforcing ribs are set in the stress concentration area near the through hole to provide maximum support stiffness. The gradually decreasing height design reduces the overall mass and heat capacity of the material carrier, and reduces the energy consumption required for heating and cooling. At the same time, the isosceles triangle cross-section structure has a good heat conduction path, which helps to ensure the uniformity of temperature distribution of the material carrier and reduces the risk of deformation caused by thermal stress.

[0018] Furthermore, a base plate is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the support column. The geometric center of the base plate coincides with the axis of the support column. The outer edge of the base plate has a circular structure, and the diameter of the base plate is larger than the diameter of the material carrier plate.

[0019] The beneficial effects of adopting the above-mentioned improved scheme are as follows: by fixing the base plate to the bottom of the support column, and making the geometric center of the base plate coincide with the axis of the support column and the outer edge of the base plate have a circular structure with a diameter larger than that of the material carrier plate, a stable support foundation and sufficient stability are provided for the entire layered material rack assembly. The larger diameter base plate increases the support area, reduces the pressure of the assembly on the ground, and prevents the assembly from tilting in the heat treatment furnace due to uneven ground or local softening. The circular outer edge design avoids the interference or damage that sharp corner structures may cause to other equipment or operators in the furnace, thus improving the safety of use.

[0020] Furthermore, the limiting guide rail is made of high-temperature resistant alloy steel, and the material carrier plate is made of stainless steel.

[0021] The beneficial effects of adopting the above-mentioned improvement scheme are as follows: by selecting high-temperature resistant alloy steel to make the limiting guide rail and stainless steel to make the material carrier plate, the performance advantages of different materials are fully utilized. High-temperature resistant alloy steel has excellent high-temperature strength and oxidation resistance, ensuring that the limiting guide rail maintains shape stability and fitting accuracy under long-term high-temperature environment. Stainless steel has good corrosion resistance and moderate coefficient of thermal expansion, making the material carrier plate less prone to permanent deformation or surface oxidation during repeated heating and cooling cycles, thus extending the service life of the components and reducing maintenance costs.

[0022] Furthermore, the gap between the diameter of the through hole and the outer diameter of the support column is 2% to 5% of the outer diameter of the support column.

[0023] The beneficial effects of adopting the above-mentioned improvement scheme are as follows: By controlling the gap between the through hole diameter and the outer diameter of the support column within the range of 2% to 5% of the outer diameter of the support column, precise control is achieved between the smoothness of the material carrier sliding on the support column and the accuracy of positioning. This gap range avoids the problem of radial wobbling of the material carrier on the support column due to excessively loose fit, which affects the positioning accuracy of the parts, and also prevents the risk of the material carrier getting stuck and unable to adjust its position due to excessively tight fit during thermal expansion. This ensures that the material carrier can adapt to the dimensional changes caused by temperature changes during heat treatment and maintain the normal working condition of the component.

[0024] Furthermore, the ratio of the groove depth of the annular engaging groove to the height of the trapezoidal cross-section of the limiting guide rail is 3:2 to 2:1. When the annular engaging groove engages with the limiting guide rail, the material carrier plate can slide along the axial direction of the supporting column and remain locked at the stop position.

[0025] The beneficial effects of adopting the above-mentioned improvement scheme are as follows: by controlling the ratio of the groove depth of the annular locking groove to the height of the trapezoidal cross section of the limiting guide rail within the range of 3:2 to 2:1, an optimized match is achieved between the flexibility of the material pallet sliding along the axial direction of the supporting column and the reliability of the locking state at the stop position. This ratio range ensures that the annular locking groove can fully cover the trapezoidal cross section of the limiting guide rail, providing sufficient mating depth to generate an effective wedge-shaped self-locking effect, while not increasing the structural complexity and weight of the material pallet due to excessive groove depth, reducing manufacturing costs, and improving the practicality and economy of the component in actual heat treatment operations.

[0026] Compared with existing technologies, the beneficial effects of the layered material rack assembly of the heat treatment device for mechanical parts provided by this utility model are as follows: This utility model, through a locking mechanism using an annular locking groove and a trapezoidal limiting guide rail, combined with a structural design of radial reinforcing ribs and three-point balanced support, fundamentally solves the stability problem of the material rack assembly under high-temperature environments. The material carrier plate remains horizontal when carrying mechanical parts, preventing sagging or slippage, ensuring uniform heat treatment of parts at different levels and improving product quality consistency. The wedge-shaped self-locking structure automatically locks under vertical loads, eliminating the need for additional fastening devices, simplifying the structure and reducing the failure rate. Applying appropriate external force allows for easy unlocking and adjustment of the material carrier plate position, meeting the flexible layout requirements of different production tasks and improving the equipment's versatility and space utilization. The selection of high-temperature resistant materials and optimized structural design enable the assembly to withstand repeated thermal cycles without permanent deformation, extending its service life, reducing replacement frequency and downtime maintenance, and lowering operating costs. The design of the raised positioning posts provides precise positioning for parts, preventing movement or stacking of parts during heat treatment and reducing scrap rates. Overall, compared with the prior art, this utility model has significant advantages in terms of high structural stability, good adjustment flexibility, long service life, and stable heat treatment quality, which can effectively improve the efficiency and quality level of heat treatment of mechanical parts. Attached Figure Description

[0027] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of this utility model, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments of this utility model will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0028] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a layered material rack assembly for a heat treatment device for mechanical parts;

[0029] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the material carrier plate.

[0030] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the limit guide rail structure;

[0031] The attached diagram lists the components represented by each number as follows:

[0032] 10. Support column; 20. Material tray; 21. Reinforcing rib; 22. Annular locking groove; 30. Limiting guide rail. Detailed Implementation

[0033] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this utility model clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0034] like Figure 1-3 The diagram shows a structural schematic of a layered material rack assembly for a heat treatment device for mechanical parts provided by this utility model. The assembly includes a support column 10, a material carrier plate 20, and a limiting guide rail 30. The support column is a vertically arranged tubular structure. A through hole is provided at the geometric center of the material carrier plate, through which the support column passes. The material carrier plate is distributed in layers along the axial direction of the support column. The limiting guide rail is fixedly connected to the outer circumferential surface of the support column and extends along the axial direction of the support column. The edge of the material carrier plate is provided with a downwardly extending annular engagement groove 22. The inner wall of the annular engagement groove contacts the outer surface of the limiting guide rail. The cross-section of the limiting guide rail is trapezoidal, with the width of the upper base of the trapezoid being smaller than the width of the lower base. The opening width of the annular engagement groove is smaller than the inner diameter width of the bottom of the annular engagement groove.

[0035] In the above technical solution, the upper surface of the material carrier is provided with multiple radial reinforcing ribs 21. The starting end of the reinforcing rib is located at the edge of the through hole, and the end of the reinforcing rib is located at the outer edge of the material carrier.

[0036] Furthermore, in the above technical solution, three limiting guide rails are evenly distributed along the circumference of the supporting column, and the central angle between two adjacent limiting guide rails is 120°.

[0037] Furthermore, in the above technical solution, the included angle between the inner wall of the annular locking groove and the lower surface of the material carrier plate is 65~75°.

[0038] Furthermore, in the above technical solution, the upper surface of the material carrier is provided with several raised positioning posts, which are in the shape of a frustum, and the top diameter of the raised positioning post is smaller than the bottom diameter of the raised positioning post.

[0039] Furthermore, in the above technical solution, the cross-section of the reinforcing rib is an isosceles triangle structure, the bottom edge of the reinforcing rib is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the material carrier plate, and the height of the reinforcing rib along the radial direction of the material carrier plate gradually decreases from the inside to the outside.

[0040] Furthermore, in the above technical solution, a base plate is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the support column. The geometric center of the base plate coincides with the axis of the support column. The outer edge of the base plate has a circular structure, and the diameter of the base plate is larger than the diameter of the material carrier plate.

[0041] Furthermore, in the above technical solution, the limiting guide rail is made of high-temperature resistant alloy steel, and the material carrier plate is made of stainless steel.

[0042] Furthermore, in the above technical solution, the gap between the diameter of the through hole and the outer diameter of the support column is 2% to 5% of the outer diameter of the support column.

[0043] Furthermore, in the above technical solution, the ratio of the groove depth of the annular locking groove to the height of the trapezoidal cross section of the limiting guide rail is 3:2 to 2:1. When the annular locking groove and the limiting guide rail are engaged, the material carrier plate can slide along the axial direction of the supporting column and remain locked in the stop position.

[0044] The following is a specific embodiment 1 of this utility model: The layered material rack assembly of the mechanical parts heat treatment device in this embodiment is used to perform quenching heat treatment on gear parts with a diameter of 50mm~80mm and a height of 30mm~60mm. The support column is made of seamless steel pipe with an outer diameter of 60mm and a wall thickness of 5mm. The material is 304 stainless steel. The total height of the column is 1500mm. The base plate is a circular plate with a diameter of 480mm and a thickness of 12mm. The material is also 304 stainless steel. The base plate is welded to the bottom of the support column by argon arc welding. The weld is polished to ensure flatness. The limiting guide rails are made of 310S high-temperature resistant alloy steel and machined into a trapezoidal cross-section. The upper base width is 15mm, the lower base width is 25mm, and the height is 18mm. Three limiting guide rails are evenly distributed along the outer circumference of the support column, with a central angle of 120° between adjacent limiting guide rails. The limiting guide rails are fixed to the support column with high-temperature bolts. Each guide rail is 1200mm long along the column axis, with a bolt spacing of 150mm. The bolts are made of high-temperature resistant alloy steel and are M8 in size. The material carrier plate has a disc-shaped structure with an outer diameter of 420mm and a thickness of 8mm. It is made of 316 stainless steel. A through hole with a diameter of 62mm is opened at the geometric center of the material carrier plate, and the gap between the hole and the outer diameter of the support column (60mm) is 2mm, which meets the design requirement of 3.3% of the outer diameter of the support column. The material carrier plate extends downwards from its edge to form an annular locking groove. The groove is 27mm deep, 20mm wide at the opening, and 30mm wide at the bottom. The angle between the inner wall of the annular locking groove and the lower surface of the material carrier plate is 70°. The ratio of the groove depth (27mm) to the trapezoidal height (18mm) of the limiting guide rail is 3:2, meeting the design requirements. Eight radially evenly arranged reinforcing ribs are positioned on the upper surface of the material carrier plate. The starting end of each rib is 5mm from the edge of the through hole, and the ending end is located at the outer edge of the material carrier plate. The cross-section of each rib is an isosceles triangle with a base width of 6mm, a height of 25mm near the through hole, and a gradually decreasing height of 8mm at the outer edge. The reinforcing rib material is integrally formed with the material carrier plate. Thirty-six raised positioning posts are evenly distributed in a fan-shaped area between the reinforcing ribs on the upper surface of the material carrier plate. Each positioning post is frustum-shaped, with a bottom diameter of 12mm, a top diameter of 8mm, and a height of 15mm. The positioning posts are welded and fixed to the material carrier plate. The entire layered material rack assembly is equipped with 5 material-carrying trays, with a spacing of 240mm between adjacent trays. The bottom tray is 180mm from the top surface of the base plate. The total weight of the entire assembly is approximately 45kg, and the maximum load-bearing capacity is 300kg.

[0045] The following is another specific embodiment 2 of this utility model: This embodiment 2 is based on embodiment 1 and is improved for the application scenario of heat treatment of large shaft parts. The outer diameter of the material carrier plate is increased to 520mm and the thickness is increased to 10mm. The diameter of the through hole is adjusted to 63mm, and the gap between it and the outer diameter of the support column (60mm) is 3mm. The number of radial reinforcing ribs is increased to 12, the height of the reinforcing ribs near the through hole is increased to 32mm, and the height at the outer edge remains unchanged at 8mm. The protruding positioning column is changed to a long strip structure with a length of 80mm, a width of 15mm, and a height of 20mm, along the diameter of the material carrier plate. Arranged in a directional direction, each layer of the material-carrying pallet is equipped with 6 long strip-shaped positioning posts. The grooves formed between the positioning posts are used to place shaft-like components. The cross-section of the long strip-shaped positioning posts is trapezoidal, with a bottom width of 15mm and a top width of 10mm, which facilitates the placement and removal of shaft-like components. The groove depth of the annular locking groove is increased to 30mm, the groove opening width is maintained at 20mm, and the inner diameter of the groove bottom is increased to 35mm to ensure the stability of the fit with the limit guide rail. The entire assembly is equipped with 4 layers of material-carrying pallets, and the spacing between two adjacent pallets is increased to 300mm to accommodate the size requirements of large shaft-like components, and the maximum load-bearing capacity is increased to 400kg.

[0046] The following is another specific embodiment 3 of this utility model: This embodiment 3 is based on embodiment 1 and is optimized for the application scenario of batch heat treatment of precision small parts. The outer diameter of the material carrier is reduced to 380mm and the thickness is reduced to 6mm to reduce heat capacity and shorten heating time. The number of raised positioning posts is increased to 64, and the bottom diameter of the positioning posts is reduced to 8mm, the top diameter to 5mm, and the height to 10mm. The spacing between the positioning posts is more dense to adapt to the dense arrangement of small parts. The number of radial reinforcing ribs remains at 8, but the cross-sectional size of the reinforcing ribs is reduced proportionally, and the bottom width is reduced. The diameter of the core is reduced to 4mm, the height near the through hole is reduced to 18mm, the height at the outer edge is reduced to 6mm, the groove depth of the annular locking groove is adjusted to 24mm, the groove width is adjusted to 18mm, and the inner diameter of the groove bottom is adjusted to 26mm. The matching relationship with the limiting guide rail remains unchanged. The entire assembly is equipped with 7 layers of material-carrying trays, and the distance between two adjacent trays is reduced to 180mm, which increases the loading capacity of parts per unit furnace space. The diameter of the base plate is reduced to 440mm, and the total weight of the entire assembly is reduced to 35kg, which is suitable for frequent loading and unloading operations. The maximum load capacity is 200kg, which meets the needs of batch processing of small parts.

[0047] Specifically, the principle of this utility model is as follows: The core technology of this utility model lies in utilizing the wedge-shaped self-locking principle to achieve stable support and flexible adjustment of the material carrier pallet in a high-temperature environment. By designing the limiting guide rail with a trapezoidal cross-section that is narrower at the top and wider at the bottom, and cooperating with the annular locking groove extending downward from the edge of the material carrier pallet, when the material carrier pallet bears a vertical load, the inner wall of the annular locking groove generates a positive pressure on the inclined outer surface of the limiting guide rail. This positive pressure, under the combined action of the normal and tangential components of the inclined surface, produces a frictional self-locking effect. The greater the load, the stronger the locking force, effectively preventing accidental slippage of the pallet. The special angle design of the trapezoidal structure ensures the reliability of the self-locking, while also allowing position adjustment by applying an oblique external force to overcome friction. Radial reinforcing ribs extend from the center of the material carrier pallet to the edge, forming a structure similar to wheel spokes. The vertical load is effectively transferred to the supporting edge through the ribs, avoiding stress concentration and deformation in the central area. The gradient design of the rib height reduces weight and thermal inertia while ensuring strength. Three limiting guide rails are evenly distributed along the circumference at 120°, forming a stable triangular support system that maintains the horizontal position of the material carrier plate regardless of load distribution. In terms of material selection, high-strength, high-temperature resistant alloy steel is used in the limiting guide rails, which bear the main mechanical stress, while cost-effective stainless steel is used in the material carrier plate areas, which require a larger area but experience relatively lower stress, achieving an optimized balance between performance and cost. The frustum shape of the raised positioning posts allows for minor displacement of components during thermal expansion while maintaining positioning functionality, preventing damage to components or the material rack due to thermal stress. The entire design, through a rational matching of structure and materials, achieves stable support and flexible adjustment under high-temperature conditions without relying on complex fastening devices.

[0048] In use, the operator first determines the required number of pallet layers and the spacing between them based on the size and quantity of the mechanical parts to be processed. The pallet is then inserted from the top of the support column, ensuring the through-hole of the pallet fits into the column. Under its own weight, the pallet slides down the column. Once the annular locking groove contacts the three limiting guide rails, the pallet continues to slide to the predetermined position. At this point, the operator slightly lifts the pallet and rotates it laterally to adjust it to the appropriate height before releasing it. Under its own weight, the annular locking groove and the limiting guide rails form a wedge-shaped lock. The above steps are repeated to install all the required number of pallet layers. Then, the mechanical parts are placed between the raised positioning posts of each pallet layer, ensuring that the parts are properly positioned with the posts to avoid stacking or suspension. The layered material rack assembly, loaded with parts, is placed into the heat treatment furnace. The furnace door is closed, and the heating program is started. During heat treatment, the material carrier plate bears the weight of the parts. The wedge-shaped self-locking action of the annular locking groove and the limiting guide rail keeps the material carrier plate stable, preventing slippage or tilting. After heat treatment, the furnace door is opened, and the material rack assembly is allowed to cool naturally to an operable temperature. The operator uses a special tool or manually to lift the material carrier plate upwards until it is unlocked, and then removes the material carrier plate and parts. If the position of the material carrier plate needs to be adjusted, simply lift the material carrier plate upwards to disengage the annular locking groove from the wedge-shaped lock of the limiting guide rail, rotate it horizontally or move it up and down to the new position, and then release it to relock it.

Claims

1. A layered material rack assembly for a heat treatment device of mechanical parts, comprising a support column, a material carrier plate, and a limiting guide rail, wherein the support column is a vertically arranged tubular structure, a through hole is formed at the geometric center of the material carrier plate, the support column passes through the through hole, the material carrier plate is distributed in layers along the axial direction of the support column, and the limiting guide rail is fixedly connected to the outer circumferential surface of the support column, the limiting guide rail extending along the axial direction of the support column, characterized in that... The edge of the material carrier is provided with a downwardly extending annular engagement groove. The inner wall of the annular engagement groove is in contact with the outer side of the limiting guide rail. The cross-section of the limiting guide rail is trapezoidal, the width of the upper base of the trapezoid is smaller than the width of the lower base of the trapezoid, and the width of the groove opening of the annular engagement groove is smaller than the width of the bottom inner diameter of the annular engagement groove.

2. The layered material rack assembly of a heat treatment device for mechanical parts according to claim 1, characterized in that, The upper surface of the material carrier is provided with multiple radially arranged reinforcing ribs, the starting end of the reinforcing ribs is located at the edge of the through hole, and the end of the reinforcing ribs is located at the outer edge of the material carrier.

3. The layered material rack assembly of a heat treatment device for mechanical parts according to claim 2, characterized in that, The limiting guide rails are evenly distributed in three lines along the circumference of the supporting column, and the central angle between two adjacent limiting guide rails is 120°.

4. The layered material rack assembly of a heat treatment device for mechanical parts according to claim 3, characterized in that, The angle between the inner wall of the annular locking groove and the lower surface of the material carrier plate is 65° to 75°.

5. The layered material rack assembly of a heat treatment device for mechanical parts according to claim 4, characterized in that, The upper surface of the material carrier is provided with a plurality of raised positioning posts, each raised positioning post being truncated cone-shaped, and the top diameter of the raised positioning post being smaller than the bottom diameter of the raised positioning post.

6. The layered material rack assembly of a heat treatment device for mechanical parts according to claim 5, characterized in that, The cross-section of the reinforcing rib is an isosceles triangle structure, the base of the reinforcing rib is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the material carrier plate, and the height of the reinforcing rib along the radial direction of the material carrier plate gradually decreases from the inside to the outside.

7. The layered material rack assembly of a heat treatment device for mechanical parts according to claim 6, characterized in that, The bottom end of the support column is fixedly connected to a base plate. The geometric center of the base plate coincides with the axis of the support column. The outer edge of the base plate has a circular structure, and the diameter of the base plate is larger than the diameter of the material carrier plate.

8. The layered material rack assembly of a heat treatment device for mechanical parts according to claim 7, characterized in that, The limiting guide rail is made of high-temperature resistant alloy steel, and the material carrier plate is made of stainless steel.

9. The layered material rack assembly of a heat treatment device for mechanical parts according to claim 8, characterized in that, The gap between the diameter of the through hole and the outer diameter of the support column is 2% to 5% of the outer diameter of the support column.

10. The layered material rack assembly of a heat treatment device for mechanical parts according to claim 9, characterized in that, The ratio of the groove depth of the annular engaging groove to the height of the trapezoidal cross-section of the limiting guide rail is 3:2 to 2:

1. When the annular engaging groove engages with the limiting guide rail, the material carrier plate can slide along the axial direction of the supporting column and remain locked at the stop position.

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