Inner and outer ring synchronous cooling assembly of gear heat treatment device

Abstract

The utility model provides a kind of inner and outer ring synchronous cooling assembly of gear heat treatment device belongs to gear processing auxiliary technical field, the inner and outer ring synchronous cooling assembly of gear heat treatment device includes cooling cylinder and cooling ring, cooling cylinder is cylindrical structure, its characterized in that, the inner surface of the cylinder wall of cooling cylinder is evenly distributed with several flow guide grooves along circumference direction, each flow guide groove extends along the axial direction of cooling cylinder, cooling ring is sleeved on the outer circumferential surface of cooling cylinder, cooling ring is connected between cooling cylinder by hinge shaft, the axis of hinge shaft is parallel to the geometric center axis of cooling cylinder, the inner ring edge of cooling ring is attached to the outer circumferential surface of cooling cylinder, several spray holes are set up on cooling ring;The utility model can solve the problem that the cooling mode of gear heat treatment device in the prior art causes greater temperature gradient and thermal stress difference between inner and outer ring of gear, finally leads to irreversible deformation warping or internal microcrack defect of gear.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of gear processing auxiliary technology, and specifically relates to a synchronous cooling component for the inner and outer rings of a gear heat treatment device. Background Technology

[0002] As a core component of mechanical transmission systems, gears directly affect the reliability and service life of the entire mechanical equipment. During manufacturing, gears must undergo heat treatment to obtain the required hardness, strength, and wear resistance. The quenching and cooling process in heat treatment plays a decisive role in the final quality of the gear. Currently, the common cooling methods used in gear heat treatment equipment are immersing the entire gear in coolant or using spray cooling. The main problem with this method is the inability to implement differentiated or synchronized cooling control for the inner and outer rings of the gear. Due to the geometric characteristics of the gear, the temperature distribution of the inner and outer rings differs during the heating process. The inner ring, due to its smaller heat capacity and proximity to the gear center, experiences faster heating and cooling rates, while the outer ring, due to its larger mass and direct contact with the heating medium, experiences slower cooling. The temperature inside the gear is often higher than that inside the inner ring. During the quenching and cooling stage, if the cooling rates of the inner and outer rings are not matched, a significant temperature gradient will form inside the gear. This temperature gradient leads to inconsistent microstructural transformation times between the inner and outer rings, resulting in large thermal and structural stresses. When these stresses exceed the yield strength of the material, the gear will undergo plastic deformation or cracks. Although some existing cooling devices attempt to improve the cooling effect by increasing the coolant flow rate or spray pressure, these methods cannot fundamentally solve the problem of asynchronous cooling between the inner and outer rings. On the contrary, they may exacerbate the generation of thermal stress due to the excessively fast cooling rate. This is especially true for large and precision gears, where the deformation problems caused by existing cooling methods are more severe, leading to the need for extensive correction machining after gear heat treatment, increasing production costs and reducing production efficiency. Utility Model Content

[0003] In view of this, the present invention provides a synchronous cooling component for the inner and outer rings of a gear heat treatment device, which can solve the problem that the cooling method of the gear heat treatment device in the prior art causes a large temperature gradient and thermal stress difference between the inner and outer rings of the gear, which ultimately leads to irreversible deformation and warping of the gear or the formation of microcracks and defects inside.

[0004] This utility model is implemented as follows:

[0005] This utility model provides a synchronous cooling assembly for the inner and outer rings of a gear heat treatment device, including a cooling cylinder and a cooling ring. The cooling cylinder has a cylindrical structure, wherein several guide grooves are evenly distributed along the circumferential direction on the inner surface of the cylinder wall. Each guide groove extends along the axial direction of the cooling cylinder, and the groove opening is set towards the geometric center axis of the cooling cylinder. The cooling ring has an annular plate structure and is sleeved on the outer circumferential surface of the cooling cylinder. The cooling ring and the cooling cylinder are connected by a hinge shaft, the axis of which is parallel to the geometric center axis of the cooling cylinder, to support the rotational movement of the cooling ring around the hinge shaft. The inner edge of the cooling ring is attached to the outer circumferential surface of the cooling cylinder. Several injection holes are opened on the cooling ring, which are evenly distributed along the circumferential direction of the cooling ring, and the central axis of each injection hole points to the geometric center axis of the cooling cylinder.

[0006] The technical effects of the synchronous cooling assembly for the inner and outer rings of the gear heat treatment device provided by this utility model are as follows: By extending the guide groove of the cooling cylinder axially and setting the groove opening towards the geometric center axis, the cooling medium can flow evenly to the surface of the inner ring of the gear along the guide groove, realizing uniform cooling of the inner ring. At the same time, the cooling ring is connected to the cooling cylinder through the hinge shaft and can rotate around the hinge shaft, so that the spray holes on the cooling ring can be adjusted in angle according to the position of the outer ring of the gear. The design of the central axis of the spray hole pointing to the geometric center axis of the cooling cylinder ensures that the cooling medium can be accurately sprayed onto the outer ring of the gear, thereby realizing synchronous cooling of the inner and outer rings and effectively solving the problem of thermal stress concentration caused by uneven cooling of the inner and outer rings of the gear.

[0007] Based on the above technical solution, the synchronous cooling assembly for the inner and outer rings of the gear heat treatment device of this utility model can be further improved as follows:

[0008] The cross-section of the guide channel is trapezoidal, with the wide side of the trapezoidal structure located on the inner surface of the cooling cylinder wall and the narrow side of the trapezoidal structure located deep inside the cooling cylinder wall.

[0009] The beneficial effects of adopting the above-mentioned improvement scheme are as follows: The guide channel adopts a trapezoidal cross-section with the wide side located on the inner surface of the cylinder wall, which allows the cooling medium to obtain a large flow area when entering the guide channel. As it flows deeper into the channel, the channel gradually narrows, forming an acceleration effect, which increases the impact of the cooling medium on the inner ring surface of the gear, improves the convective heat transfer coefficient of the inner ring surface, and at the same time, the trapezoidal structure can reduce the retention of the cooling medium in the guide channel, avoid local overcooling or insufficient cooling, and ensure the cooling uniformity of all parts of the inner ring.

[0010] Furthermore, a sealing plate is provided at the bottom of the cooling cylinder. The sealing plate is connected to the lower end of the cylinder wall by welding. A drain hole is provided at the geometric center of the sealing plate. The drain hole is a circular through hole structure.

[0011] The beneficial effects of adopting the above-mentioned improvement scheme are as follows: A closed plate is set at the bottom of the cooling cylinder and connected by welding to form a closed containment space, which prevents the cooling medium from flowing out from the bottom of the cooling cylinder and ensures that the cooling medium can fully contact the inner ring of the gear. At the same time, a drain hole is opened at the geometric center of the closed plate, so that the cooling medium that has completed heat exchange can be smoothly discharged from the drain hole, avoiding the accumulation of cooling medium in the cooling cylinder, which would cause the temperature to rise and affect the cooling effect. The circular through-hole structure of the drain hole reduces the flow resistance, improves the drainage efficiency, and ensures the continuity and stability of the cooling process.

[0012] Furthermore, the inner edge of the cooling ring is provided with several protrusions, which are distributed at intervals along the circumference of the cooling ring, and the height of each protrusion extends radially toward the geometric center of the cooling cylinder.

[0013] The beneficial effects of adopting the above-mentioned improvement scheme are as follows: Raised blocks are set at intervals along the circumferential direction on the inner edge of the cooling ring, and the height of the raised blocks extends radially toward the geometric center of the cooling cylinder. These raised blocks can form point or line contact with the outer surface of the cooling cylinder when the cooling ring is rotated and adjusted, reducing the frictional resistance between the cooling ring and the cooling cylinder. This allows the cooling ring to rotate more smoothly around the hinge axis, facilitating quick adjustment of the cooling ring angle by operators according to the outer ring position of gears of different specifications. Simultaneously, the spaced distribution design of the raised blocks avoids complete obstruction of the outer surface of the cooling cylinder by the cooling ring, which is beneficial for heat dissipation from the outer surface of the cooling cylinder.

[0014] Furthermore, the depth of the guide channel gradually decreases along the axial direction of the cooling cylinder, with the upper end of the guide channel having a greater depth than the lower end.

[0015] The beneficial effects of adopting the above-mentioned improvement scheme are as follows: The design of the guide groove gradually decreasing in depth along the axial direction of the cooling cylinder and the upper groove being deeper than the lower groove allows the cooling medium to be distributed according to the cooling needs at different height positions of the gear inner ring when flowing in the guide groove. The deeper upper guide groove can accommodate more cooling medium, providing stronger cooling capacity to the upper part of the gear inner ring, compensating for the decrease in cooling capacity caused by the temperature rise during the downward flow of the cooling medium, ensuring that the gear inner ring can obtain sufficient and uniform cooling from top to bottom, and avoiding structural differences and deformation problems caused by uneven cooling.

[0016] Furthermore, the injection hole has a tapered structure, with the larger end of the tapered structure located on the outer surface of the cooling ring and the smaller end located on the inner surface of the cooling ring.

[0017] The beneficial effects of adopting the above-mentioned improved scheme are as follows: The design of the spray hole adopting a conical hole structure with the large end located on the outer surface of the cooling ring and the small end located on the inner surface creates a converging acceleration effect when the cooling medium passes through the spray hole. When the cooling medium enters from the large end, the flow velocity is low and the pressure is high. After passing through the conical channel and gradually narrowing, the flow velocity increases significantly when it is ejected from the small end, forming a high-speed jet. This enhances the impact and penetration force of the cooling medium on the outer ring surface of the gear, improves the convective heat transfer efficiency of the outer ring surface, and at the same time, the conical hole structure can make the spray direction of the cooling medium more concentrated and stable, avoiding uneven cooling effect caused by spray angle deviation.

[0018] Furthermore, the outer surface of the cooling cylinder wall is provided with several reinforcing ribs along the circumferential direction. The reinforcing ribs extend along the axial direction of the cooling cylinder, and the cross-section of the reinforcing ribs is rectangular.

[0019] The beneficial effects of adopting the above-mentioned improvement scheme are as follows: A reinforcing rib extending axially along the circumferential direction is set on the outer surface of the cooling cylinder, and the cross-section of the reinforcing rib is rectangular. The reinforcing rib can significantly improve the deformation resistance and overall rigidity of the cooling cylinder wall. During the cooling process, when the cooling cylinder is subjected to the temperature difference between the inside and outside and the pressure of the cooling medium, the reinforcing rib can effectively resist the radial deformation and axial bending of the cylinder wall, maintain the stability of the cylindrical geometric shape of the cooling cylinder, and ensure that the positional and dimensional accuracy of the guide groove does not change due to deformation. At the same time, the reinforcing rib increases the outer surface area of ​​the cooling cylinder, which is beneficial to the heat dissipation of the cooling cylinder itself and extends its service life.

[0020] Furthermore, the thickness of the cooling ring gradually increases from the inner edge to the outer edge in the radial direction, with the outer edge of the cooling ring having a greater thickness than the inner edge.

[0021] The beneficial effects of adopting the above-mentioned improvement scheme are as follows: The design of the cooling ring thickness gradually increasing from the inner edge to the outer edge radially, with the outer edge thickness being greater than the inner edge thickness, gives the cooling ring a better structural strength distribution when subjected to the pressure of the cooling medium and its own gravity. The thicker part of the outer edge can withstand greater bending moment and stress, preventing the cooling ring from plastic deformation or fracture during use. At the same time, this thickness gradient distribution makes the center of mass of the cooling ring more reasonable, which is conducive to the torque balance when the cooling ring rotates around the hinge axis, reducing the force required for operators to adjust the angle of the cooling ring, and improving the convenience and safety of operation.

[0022] Furthermore, the contact area between the protrusion and the outer circumferential surface of the cooling cylinder is less than one-third of the surface area of ​​the protrusion itself, and the protrusion has a hemispherical structure.

[0023] The beneficial effects of adopting the above-mentioned improvement scheme are as follows: the contact area between the protrusion and the outer circumferential surface of the cooling cylinder is less than one-third of the surface area of ​​the protrusion itself, and the design of the protrusion with a hemispherical structure makes point contact or extremely small area contact between the protrusion and the cooling cylinder, which greatly reduces the frictional torque when the cooling ring rotates. The hemispherical structure allows the protrusion to roll smoothly on the outer circumferential surface of the cooling cylinder, further reducing frictional resistance. At the same time, the hemispherical protrusion has a self-centering function. When the cooling ring undergoes a small radial displacement, the protrusion can automatically adjust the contact position to maintain the relative positional stability between the cooling ring and the cooling cylinder, avoiding the jamming phenomenon caused by contact position displacement.

[0024] Furthermore, the cooling cylinder and cooling ring are both made of stainless steel, the hinge shaft is made of carbon steel, and the sealing plate is made of aluminum alloy.

[0025] The beneficial effects of adopting the above-mentioned improved scheme are as follows: the cooling cylinder and cooling ring are made of stainless steel, which has excellent corrosion resistance and high temperature strength, and can withstand the chemical corrosion of the cooling medium and the high temperature environment during the heat treatment process for a long time without material performance deterioration. The hinge shaft is made of carbon steel, which has high mechanical strength and good toughness, and can withstand the torque and shear force generated when the cooling ring rotates without breaking or plastic deformation. The sealing plate is made of aluminum alloy, which has low density and good thermal conductivity, which not only reduces the weight of the overall structure, making it easier to install and maintain, but also quickly dissipates the heat of the cooling medium and improves the drainage efficiency. The reasonable combination of different materials achieves the optimal balance between structural performance and economy.

[0026] Compared with existing technologies, the beneficial effects of the synchronous cooling assembly for the inner and outer rings of a gear heat treatment device provided by this utility model are as follows: Through the coordinated operation of the axially extending guide grooves on the inner surface of the cooling cylinder and the spray holes on the cooling ring, synchronous and uniform cooling of the inner and outer rings of the gear is achieved. This effectively solves the problem of thermal stress concentration caused by asynchronous cooling of the inner and outer rings in existing technologies. The guide grooves of the cooling cylinder uniformly guide the cooling medium to various parts of the inner ring of the gear, while the spray holes of the cooling ring precisely spray the cooling medium onto the surface of the outer ring of the gear. Both the inner and outer rings simultaneously receive the cooling medium, resulting in a more uniform overall temperature field distribution, a significantly reduced temperature gradient, and effective control of thermal stress. This avoids deformation and cracking defects caused by excessive temperature differences between the inner and outer rings during the quenching and cooling process. Simultaneously, the cooling ring is connected to the cooling cylinder via a hinge shaft. The rotatable and adjustable structural design allows this device to adapt to the cooling requirements of gears of different specifications. By adjusting the angle of the cooling ring, the spray holes are always aligned with the key parts of the outer ring of the gear, achieving precise control of the cooling position. In addition, the trapezoidal cross-section structure of the guide channel, the design of the channel depth decreasing along the axial direction, and the conical structure design of the spray holes all significantly improve the flow velocity and impact force of the cooling medium, enhance the convective heat transfer effect, shorten the cooling time, and improve production efficiency. The setting of the sealing plate and the drain hole ensures the circulation and timely discharge of the cooling medium, maintaining the stable operation of the cooling system. Overall, this utility model, through reasonable structural design and component coordination, fundamentally improves the cooling quality of gear heat treatment, providing an effective technical means for producing high-precision and high-reliability gear products. Attached Figure Description

[0027] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of this utility model, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments of this utility model will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0028] Figure 1 A front view of a synchronous cooling assembly for the inner and outer rings of a gear heat treatment device;

[0029] Figure 2 A top view of a synchronous cooling assembly for the inner and outer rings of a gear heat treatment device;

[0030] Figure 3 A three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the inner and outer ring synchronous cooling assembly of a gear heat treatment device;

[0031] The attached diagram lists the components represented by each number as follows:

[0032] 10. Cooling cylinder; 11. Cooling ring; 12. Guide channel; 13. Injection hole; 14. Sealing plate; 15. Drain hole; 16. Protrusion; 17. Reinforcing rib. Detailed Implementation

[0033] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this utility model clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0034] like Figures 1-3 The image shows an embodiment of a synchronous cooling assembly for the inner and outer rings of a gear heat treatment device provided by this utility model. In this embodiment, it includes a cooling cylinder 10 and a cooling ring 11. The cooling cylinder has a cylindrical structure, wherein a plurality of guide grooves 12 are evenly distributed along the circumferential direction on the inner surface of the cylinder wall. Each guide groove extends along the axial direction of the cooling cylinder, and the groove opening is set towards the geometric center axis of the cooling cylinder. The cooling ring has an annular plate structure and is sleeved on the outer circumferential surface of the cooling cylinder. The cooling ring and the cooling cylinder are connected by a hinge shaft. The axis of the hinge shaft is parallel to the geometric center axis of the cooling cylinder and is used to support the rotational movement of the cooling ring around the hinge shaft. The inner edge of the cooling ring is attached to the outer circumferential surface of the cooling cylinder. A plurality of spray holes 13 are opened on the cooling ring. The spray holes are evenly distributed along the circumferential direction of the cooling ring, and the central axis of each spray hole points to the geometric center axis of the cooling cylinder.

[0035] In the above technical solution, the cross-section of the guide channel is trapezoidal, with the wide side of the trapezoidal structure located on the inner surface of the cooling cylinder wall and the narrow side of the trapezoidal structure located deep inside the cooling cylinder wall.

[0036] Furthermore, in the above technical solution, a sealing plate 14 is provided at the bottom of the cooling cylinder. The sealing plate is connected to the lower end of the cylinder wall of the cooling cylinder by welding. A drain hole 15 is provided at the geometric center of the sealing plate. The drain hole is a circular through hole structure.

[0037] Furthermore, in the above technical solution, the inner edge of the cooling ring is provided with a number of protrusions 16, the protrusions are distributed at intervals along the circumference of the cooling ring, and the height of each protrusion extends radially toward the geometric center of the cooling cylinder.

[0038] Furthermore, in the above technical solution, the depth of the guide channel gradually decreases along the axial direction of the cooling cylinder, and the depth of the upper end of the guide channel is greater than that of the lower end.

[0039] Furthermore, in the above technical solution, the injection hole is a conical hole structure, with the large end of the conical hole structure located on the outer surface of the cooling ring and the small end of the conical hole structure located on the inner surface of the cooling ring.

[0040] Furthermore, in the above technical solution, the outer surface of the cooling cylinder wall is provided with several reinforcing ribs 17 along the circumferential direction. The reinforcing ribs extend along the axial direction of the cooling cylinder, and the cross-section of the reinforcing ribs is rectangular.

[0041] Furthermore, in the above technical solution, the thickness of the cooling ring gradually increases from the inner edge to the outer edge in the radial direction, and the thickness of the outer edge of the cooling ring is greater than the thickness of the inner edge.

[0042] Furthermore, in the above technical solution, the contact area between the protrusion and the outer circumferential surface of the cooling cylinder is less than one-third of the surface area of ​​the protrusion itself, and the protrusion has a hemispherical structure.

[0043] Furthermore, in the above technical solution, the cooling cylinder and cooling ring are both made of stainless steel, the hinge shaft is made of carbon steel, and the sealing plate is made of aluminum alloy.

[0044] The method of using this utility model is as follows: First, the gear, after being heated and kept warm, is taken out of the heating furnace and quickly placed inside the cooling cylinder, so that the inner ring of the gear is close to the inner surface of the cooling cylinder wall, and the geometric center axis of the gear coincides with the geometric center axis of the cooling cylinder. Then, according to the diameter of the outer ring of the gear, the rotation angle of the cooling ring around the hinge axis is adjusted by rotating the cooling ring, so that the spray holes on the cooling ring are aligned with the tooth tip and tooth root of the outer ring surface of the gear. After adjustment, the cooling ring is fixed in a suitable position. Next, the cooling medium supply system is started, and the cooling medium enters the cooling cylinder and the cooling ring simultaneously. The cooling medium entering the cooling cylinder flows along the guide groove to the inner ring surface of the gear, where it undergoes strong convective heat transfer with the inner ring of the gear. The cooling medium entering the cooling ring is sprayed in the form of a jet through the spray holes. The outer ring of the gear is rapidly cooled. During the cooling process, the operator should closely observe the color change of the gear. When the color of the gear surface changes from red to dark red and then to black, it indicates that the cooling is proceeding normally. The duration of the entire cooling process is determined according to the material grade and size specifications of the gear, generally ranging from tens of seconds to several minutes. When the gear temperature drops to the temperature required by the process, the cooling medium supply is turned off. The heated cooling medium will be discharged from the drain hole of the sealed plate into the recovery system. Finally, the cooled gear is removed from the cooling cylinder for subsequent tempering or inspection. During use, the guide channel and spray hole should be checked regularly for blockage. If blockage is found, it should be cleaned in time to ensure the stability and consistency of the cooling effect.

[0045] The following is a specific embodiment 1 of this utility model. In this embodiment, the cooling cylinder is made of 304 stainless steel plate with a thickness of 5 mm, rolled and welded. The inner diameter of the cooling cylinder is 380 mm, the outer diameter is 390 mm, and the height is 450 mm. Twelve guide grooves are evenly distributed along the circumferential direction on the inner surface of the cooling cylinder wall. Each guide groove extends from the top end to a position 50 mm from the bottom end along the axial direction of the cooling cylinder. The cross-section of the guide groove is trapezoidal. The wide side of the trapezoid, i.e., the groove width, is 25 mm and is located on the inner surface of the cylinder wall. The narrow side of the trapezoid is 15 mm and is located deep inside the cylinder wall. The groove depth is 18 mm at the top end and 8 mm at the bottom end, linearly decreasing along the axial direction. The angle between the two side walls of the guide groove and the inner surface of the cylinder wall is 75 degrees. A circular sealing plate is welded to the bottom of the cylinder. The sealing plate is made of 6061 aluminum alloy sheet with a thickness of 8 mm and a diameter of 400 mm. A circular drain hole with a diameter of 60 mm is opened at the geometric center of the sealing plate. The cooling ring is made of 304 stainless steel sheet with a gradually changing thickness, stamped and formed. The inner diameter of the cooling ring is 395 mm and the outer diameter is 480 mm. The thickness of the inner edge of the cooling ring is 6 mm and the thickness of the outer edge is 12 mm, with the thickness transitioning linearly in the radial direction. Sixteen spray holes are evenly opened on the cooling ring along the circumference. The spray holes have a conical structure. The large end of the cone hole has a diameter of 12 mm and is located on the outer surface of the cooling ring. The small end of the cone hole has a diameter of 6 mm and is located on the inner surface of the cooling ring. The central axis of the cone hole intersects the normal of the plane on which the cooling ring is located. The cooling ring, with an angle of 15 degrees and pointing towards the geometric center axis of the cooling cylinder, is connected to the cooling cylinder via two hinge shafts. These hinge shafts are made of 45# carbon steel round bars with a diameter of 16 mm. The hinge shafts pass through pre-drilled bearing holes on the outer edge of the cooling ring and the outer wall of the cooling cylinder. Copper bushing bearings are installed in these bearing holes to reduce rotational friction. Six raised blocks, made of 304 stainless steel and welded to the inner edge of the cooling ring, are distributed at 60° intervals along the circumference of the inner ring. Each raised block is hemispherical with a diameter of 20 mm. The distance from the contact point between the raised block and the outer circumferential surface of the cooling cylinder to the geometric center of the cooling cylinder is 195 mm. Eight reinforcing ribs are evenly distributed along the circumference of the outer surface of the cooling cylinder. The reinforcing ribs are welded from 304 stainless steel strips with a thickness of 4 mm and a width of 25 mm. The reinforcing ribs extend from the top to the bottom along the axial direction of the cooling cylinder. The cooling assembly of this embodiment can simultaneously cool gears with a module of 4 to 6 and a diameter of 350 to 370 mm. In actual use, after placing the 42CrMo steel gear at a temperature of 850℃ into the cooling cylinder, the cooling water supply system is started. The flow rate of the cooling water is 200 L / min and the temperature is 25℃. The cooling water enters the cooling cylinder and the cooling ring at the same time, flows along the guide groove to the inner ring of the gear and is sprayed from the spray hole to the outer ring of the gear. After the cooling process lasts for 45 seconds, the gear temperature drops to 200℃ to complete the quenching. The temperature difference between the inner and outer rings of the gear is less than 15℃ and the gear deformation is less than 0.The 0.08mm diameter cooling ring meets the heat treatment quality requirements for precision gears. The trapezoidal structure and decreasing depth of the guide grooves gradually increase the velocity of the cooling water during flow, ensuring reasonable flow distribution. The conical structure of the spray holes creates a high-speed jet of cooling water that effectively impacts the outer ring of the gear. The hemispherical structure of the raised blocks allows the cooling ring to easily rotate and adjust its angle to adapt to different gear outer ring positions. The entire device is simple and compact in structure, easy to operate and maintain, and effectively improves the quality and production efficiency of gear heat treatment.

[0046] The following is another specific embodiment 2 of this utility model. This embodiment is based on embodiment 1, but the cross-sectional shape of the guide channel is improved from a trapezoidal shape to an arc-shaped structure. The width of the arc-shaped guide channel opening is maintained at 25 mm, and the deepest point of the channel is located 20 mm below the center line of the opening and from the inner surface of the cylinder wall. The radius of curvature of the arc-shaped channel is 35 mm. The arc-shaped cross-section produces a smoother guiding effect when the cooling medium flows within the guide channel, reducing energy loss and turbulence during the flow process. Simultaneously, an adjusting bolt mechanism is added to the cooling ring. The adjusting bolt passes through the outer edge of the cooling ring and forms a 120° angle with the hinge axis. The adjusting bolt is an M10 stainless steel bolt, and the end of the bolt presses against the cooling cylinder. On the reinforcing ribs of the outer surface, the rotation angle of the cooling ring can be precisely controlled by rotating the adjusting bolt, and the cooling ring can be fixed in the set position. This improvement makes the angle adjustment of the cooling ring more precise and convenient. Operators can quickly locate the optimal spray angle of the spray hole according to the specific size of the outer ring of the gear, which improves the accuracy of the cooling position and the repeatability of the positioning. When the cooling component of this embodiment processes a gear with a diameter of 360 mm, the temperature difference between the inner and outer rings is controlled within 10°C, and the gear deformation is reduced to 0.05 mm. The cooling effect is further improved compared with Embodiment 1. The fluid dynamics performance of the arc-shaped guide groove is better, making the flow of the cooling medium more uniform and stable. The addition of the adjusting bolt mechanism improves the ease of operation and cooling accuracy of the device.

[0047] The following is another specific embodiment 3 of this utility model. Embodiment 3 is based on Embodiment 1, but adds an overflow ring structure to the top of the cooling cylinder. The overflow ring is made of 304 stainless steel, with an inner diameter of 392 mm, an outer diameter of 420 mm, and a height of 35 mm. The overflow ring is fixed to the top of the cooling cylinder by bolts, forming an annular gap with a width of 1 mm between the overflow ring and the cylinder wall. The top of the inner wall of the overflow ring slopes inward to form a guide slope, with an angle of 30° between the guide slope and the horizontal plane. When the supply of cooling medium exceeds the capacity of the guide channel, the excess cooling medium overflows from the annular gap and flows along the guide slope to the outside of the cooling cylinder. This overflow mechanism prevents the cooling medium from accumulating at the top of the cooling cylinder, causing the liquid level to rise and affecting the placement and removal of gears. Simultaneously, the overflow ring also serves as a guide, preventing overflow during gear placement. The inner wall of the flow ring can initially position the gear, allowing the geometric center axis of the gear to quickly align with the geometric center axis of the cooling cylinder. In addition, this embodiment adds a vortex guide to the outside of the drain hole of the closed plate. The vortex guide is made of aluminum alloy and has a spiral blade structure. The outer diameter of the spiral blade is 58 mm, the inner diameter is 32 mm, and the helix angle is 25°. The vortex guide is installed below the drain hole through a threaded connection. When the cooling medium is discharged from the drain hole, it generates a rotating flow through the vortex guide. The rotating flow can enhance the discharge speed of the cooling medium and prevent the drain hole from being blocked. The improvement of this embodiment makes the flow control of the cooling medium more perfect. The overflow ring ensures the stability of the liquid level in the cooling cylinder, and the vortex guide improves the drainage efficiency. The stability and reliability of the overall cooling system are further enhanced, and it can maintain long-term stable cooling performance in a continuous production environment.

[0048] Specifically, the principle of this invention is as follows: a synchronous cooling mechanism for the inner and outer rings of the gear is established through the coordinated operation of the cooling cylinder and the cooling ring. The guide groove of the cooling cylinder extends axially and its opening faces the geometric center axis. When the cooling medium enters the cooling cylinder, it flows along the guide groove towards the surface of the inner ring of the gear. The trapezoidal cross-section design of the guide groove gradually accelerates the cooling medium during flow, enhancing the impact force and heat exchange effect on the inner ring of the gear. The guide groove is evenly distributed along the circumference, ensuring that the inner ring of the gear receives uniform cooling in all directions. At the same time, the spray holes on the cooling ring are evenly distributed along the circumference, with their central axis pointing towards the geometric center of the cooling cylinder, allowing the cooling medium to be sprayed onto the outer ring of the gear from multiple directions simultaneously, forming an all-round cooling coverage. The conical structure of the spray holes causes the cooling medium to generate a jet acceleration effect, increasing the impact force on the outer ring of the gear. Because the guide groove of the cooling cylinder and the spray holes of the cooling ring work simultaneously, the inner and outer rings of the gear can begin to cool at the same time. Furthermore, because the geometric parameters of the guide groove and the spray holes are optimized, the cooling rates of the inner and outer rings can remain basically consistent. This design avoids excessive temperature gradients between the inner and outer rings, effectively controlling thermal stress. The cooling ring, connected to the cooling cylinder via a hinge shaft and capable of rotation, allows for angle adjustment based on the outer ring position of gears of different specifications. This ensures the spray nozzles are always aligned with the optimal cooling position on the outer ring, improving the device's applicability and cooling precision. The axially decreasing depth of the guide channel takes into account the gradual temperature rise of the cooling medium as it flows downwards. By adjusting the flow rate of the cooling medium at different heights, the decrease in cooling capacity due to temperature rise is compensated, ensuring uniform cooling of the gear's inner ring from top to bottom. The sealing plate allows the cooling medium to fully contact the gear's inner ring within the cooling cylinder, and the drain hole ensures timely discharge of the heated cooling medium, maintaining temperature stability within the cooling system. Through this synchronous and uniformly layered cooling mechanism, the device can control the temperature difference between the inner and outer rings of the gear within a very small range, resulting in a more uniform and consistent microstructure transformation during quenching, thus achieving excellent heat treatment quality.

Claims

1. A synchronous cooling assembly for the inner and outer rings of a gear heat treatment device, comprising a cooling cylinder and a cooling ring, wherein the cooling cylinder has a cylindrical structure, characterized in that, The inner surface of the cooling cylinder wall has several guide grooves evenly distributed along the circumference. Each guide groove extends along the axial direction of the cooling cylinder, and the opening of the guide groove is set towards the geometric center axis of the cooling cylinder. The cooling ring is a ring-shaped plate structure, which is sleeved on the outer circumferential surface of the cooling cylinder. The cooling ring and the cooling cylinder are connected by a hinge shaft. The axis of the hinge shaft is parallel to the geometric center axis of the cooling cylinder and is used to support the rotation of the cooling ring around the hinge shaft. The inner edge of the cooling ring is in contact with the outer circumferential surface of the cooling cylinder. Several injection holes are opened on the cooling ring, which are evenly distributed along the circumferential direction of the cooling ring. The central axis of each injection hole points to the geometric center axis of the cooling cylinder.

2. The synchronous cooling assembly for the inner and outer rings of a gear heat treatment device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The cross-section of the guide channel is trapezoidal, with the wider side of the trapezoidal structure located on the inner surface of the cooling cylinder wall and the narrower side located deep inside the cooling cylinder wall.

3. The synchronous cooling assembly for the inner and outer rings of a gear heat treatment device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The bottom of the cooling cylinder is equipped with a sealing plate, which is connected to the lower end of the cylinder wall by welding. A drain hole is provided at the geometric center of the sealing plate, and the drain hole is a circular through hole structure.

4. The synchronous cooling assembly for the inner and outer rings of a gear heat treatment device according to claim 3, characterized in that, The inner edge of the cooling ring is provided with several protrusions, which are distributed at intervals along the circumference of the cooling ring. The height of each protrusion extends radially toward the geometric center of the cooling cylinder.

5. The synchronous cooling assembly for the inner and outer rings of a gear heat treatment device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The depth of the guide channel gradually decreases along the axial direction of the cooling cylinder, and the depth of the upper end of the guide channel is greater than that of the lower end.

6. The synchronous cooling assembly for the inner and outer rings of a gear heat treatment device according to claim 5, characterized in that, The injection hole has a tapered structure, with the larger end of the tapered hole located on the outer surface of the cooling ring and the smaller end located on the inner surface of the cooling ring.

7. The synchronous cooling assembly for the inner and outer rings of a gear heat treatment device according to claim 6, characterized in that, The outer surface of the cooling cylinder wall is provided with several reinforcing ribs along the circumferential direction. The reinforcing ribs extend along the axial direction of the cooling cylinder and have a rectangular cross-section.

8. The synchronous cooling assembly for the inner and outer rings of a gear heat treatment device according to claim 7, characterized in that, The thickness of the cooling ring gradually increases from the inner edge to the outer edge in the radial direction, with the outer edge of the cooling ring being thicker than the inner edge.

9. The synchronous cooling assembly for the inner and outer rings of a gear heat treatment device according to claim 8, characterized in that, The contact area between the protrusion and the outer circumferential surface of the cooling cylinder is less than one-third of the surface area of ​​the protrusion itself, and the protrusion has a hemispherical structure.

10. The synchronous cooling assembly for the inner and outer rings of a gear heat treatment device according to claim 9, characterized in that, The cooling cylinder and cooling ring are made of stainless steel, the hinge shaft is made of carbon steel, and the sealing plate is made of aluminum alloy.

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