A flow guide structure of a bipolar plate of an electrolytic cell

Abstract

The utility model discloses a kind of electrolytic cell bipolar plate flow guide structure, including plate body and sealing element;Sealing element is respectively arranged in the both sides of plate body, and first board face and second board face are equipped on plate body;Plate body is equipped with a first inlet, first outlet and second outlet;First board face and second board face are respectively equipped with flow guide groove, and flow guide groove includes first flow guide groove and second flow guide groove;First board face and second board face are respectively equipped with active reaction zone, and flow channel is equipped in active reaction zone, and the both ends of flow channel of first board face and second board face are respectively equipped with buffer zone, and first through hole and second through hole are also equipped on plate body, and insulating layer is also equipped on plate body.The utility model is equipped with flow channel of different direction in active reaction zone, can reduce the problem of local fluid concentration unevenness, to improve the uniformity of reaction, buffer zone reduces fluid speed and changes flow path by slowing down, reduces flow resistance, reduces pressure loss, improves fluid flow efficiency;Plate body is insulated by insulating layer.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of water electrolysis for hydrogen production technology, and in particular to a bipolar plate flow guiding structure for an electrolyzer. Background Technology

[0002] As one of the most crucial components of an AEM electrolyzer, the bipolar plate serves multiple functions, including electrical and thermal conductivity, medium transfer, and support for the MEA membrane electrode. Therefore, it must possess excellent mechanical properties, superior machinability, and superior thermal and electrical conductivity. Problems such as excessive two-phase flow resistance, uneven gas-liquid distribution, and insufficient sealing technology in AEM electrolyzers severely restrict the efficiency, stability, and safety of the electrolyzer.

[0003] Inadequate flow channel design in bipolar plates can lead to excessive resistance during gas and liquid flow, resulting in uneven gas-liquid distribution, reduced reaction uniformity, and compromised overall performance. Excessively high resistance in the reactive zone of the bipolar plate not only reduces electrolysis efficiency but also easily causes localized overheating (hot spots), potentially burning out the membrane electrode assembly (MEA). Complex or improperly designed flow channels can cause liquid accumulation or bubble retention, further exacerbating flow resistance, significantly reducing electrolysis efficiency, increasing energy loss, and potentially damaging the MEA, thus shortening the electrolyzer's lifespan.

[0004] This application can effectively solve these problems by optimizing the flow channel design, improving sealing technology, enhancing material properties and manufacturing precision, thereby promoting the performance improvement and widespread application of AEM electrolyzers. Summary of the Invention

[0005] Based on the technical problems existing in the background technology, this utility model proposes a bipolar plate current guiding structure for electrolytic cells.

[0006] This utility model proposes a bipolar plate flow guiding structure for an electrolytic cell, comprising a plate body and a sealing element; the plate body is provided with a first plate surface and a second plate surface; the plate body is provided with at least a first inlet, a first outlet and a second outlet; The first inlet is located at one end of the plate, and the first outlet is located at the other end of the plate. The second outlets are located at both ends of the plate. The first plate surface and the second plate surface are respectively provided with flow guide grooves; The flow guide channel includes a first flow guide channel and a second flow guide channel; wherein, the first flow guide channel is disposed at both ends of the second plate surface, and the second flow guide channel is disposed within the first plate surface and the second plate surface respectively, and is located at both ends of the first plate surface and the second plate surface respectively; The first plate surface and the second plate surface are respectively provided with active reaction zones, and the active reaction zones are provided with flow channels for fluid flow; The flow channels on the first plate and the second plate are respectively provided with buffer zones at both ends to reduce flow resistance; The buffer includes a first buffer, a second buffer, and a third buffer; The first buffer zone and the second buffer zone are respectively provided with first through holes, and the first through holes are respectively set perpendicular to the plate body, so as to realize the connection between the buffer zone on the first plate surface and the guide groove on the second plate surface; The second flow channel is provided with a second through hole to enable communication between the second flow channel on the first plate and the second flow channel on the second panel. Insulating layers are provided on the first inlet, the first outlet, and the first guide groove on the second plate surface to isolate the influence of current. The sealing elements are respectively disposed on both sides of the plate to provide a seal.

[0007] Furthermore, the first buffer and the second buffer are arranged in a centrally symmetrical manner; The first buffer and the second buffer are respectively located at both ends of the flow channel on the first plate surface, with the first buffer located at the end closer to the first inlet and the second buffer located at the end closer to the first outlet; The third buffer is located at both ends of the flow channel on the second plate.

[0008] Furthermore, the first guide channel is arranged diagonally and communicates with the first inlet and the first outlet respectively; the second guide channel is arranged at an offset position and communicates with the second outlets at both ends of the plate respectively.

[0009] Furthermore, the first plate surface and the second plate surface are respectively provided with steps for limiting and fixing. The steps include a first step and a second step, and the first step and the second step are arranged sequentially close to the active reaction zone.

[0010] Furthermore, the first plate surface and the second plate surface are respectively provided with sealing grooves, and the sealing grooves correspond to the sealing element, and the sealing element is disposed in the sealing groove.

[0011] Furthermore, the sealing groove includes a primary sealing groove and a secondary sealing groove, which are interconnected and respectively separate the first inlet, the first outlet and the second outlet.

[0012] Furthermore, the second guide groove on the second plate surface passes through the primary sealing groove and the secondary sealing groove respectively, and abuts against the second through hole.

[0013] Furthermore, the second through hole is located at the end of the second guide groove on the first plate surface away from the second outlet, and the second through hole is arranged perpendicular to the plate body.

[0014] Furthermore, the insulating layer extends from the first inlet to the first guide channel near the first inlet or from the first outlet to the first guide channel near the first outlet.

[0015] Furthermore, the plate has extensions at both ends for establishing electrical connections; The plate is also provided with several fixing holes at both ends for positioning and fixing.

[0016] This utility model has the following beneficial effects: This application discloses a buffer zone in the bipolar plate flow guiding structure of an electrolyzer. By slowing down the fluid velocity and altering the flow path, it reduces flow resistance, lowers pressure loss, and improves fluid flow efficiency. The first buffer zone receives and initially introduces the fluid (such as gas or liquid), ensuring uniform distribution throughout the flow channel and preventing localized overload or uneven flow. The second buffer zone, located at the outlet end on the anode side, collects and evenly discharges the fluid, ensuring smooth discharge, preventing accumulation or uneven flow, and reducing flow resistance and pressure loss. The first and second buffer zones are the same size and centrally symmetrically arranged, which helps balance the fluid distribution at the inlet and outlet, improving the overall fluid and flow efficiency on the anode side. By optimizing fluid flow, the buffer zones ensure uniform supply and discharge to the reactive zone, improving electrochemical reaction efficiency, reducing the risk of localized hot spots, and extending the lifespan of the membrane electrode assembly. The active reaction zone on the first plate has flow channels in different directions, resulting in minimal flow resistance in both the reactive zone and the buffer zone, ensuring the fastest possible discharge of the reaction product oxygen, achieving a low flow resistance effect across the entire bipolar plate.

[0017] The first and second plates are respectively provided with guide channels, including a first guide channel and a second guide channel. Insulating layers are respectively provided on the first inlet, first outlet, and first guide channel on the second plate to isolate stray currents generated when the electrolyte flows through the electrodes and channels. The diagonal arrangement of the first guide channel helps the liquid cover the entire first plate surface (i.e., the anode reaction surface), improving catalyst utilization and avoiding dead zones. The staggered arrangement of the second guide channel allows hydrogen gas to flow in a non-linear direction (such as diagonally) on the second plate surface (i.e., the cathode reaction surface), avoiding "counteracting" gas resistance caused by symmetrical arrangement, and improving gas flow rate and stability. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 This is a perspective view of the plate body of the bipolar plate flow guiding structure for an electrolytic cell proposed in this utility model; Figure 2 for Figure 1 A magnified view of a portion at point A; Figure 3 This is a front view of the first plate surface of a bipolar plate current guiding structure for an electrolytic cell according to this utility model; Figure 4 for Figure 3 A magnified view of a portion at point B; Figure 5 This is a front view of the second plate surface of a bipolar plate current guiding structure for an electrolytic cell according to this utility model; Figure 6 for Figure 5 A magnified view of a portion at point C; Figure 7 This is a perspective view of a sealing element for a bipolar plate flow guiding structure in an electrolytic cell, according to this utility model.

[0019] Marking description: Plate body 100, first plate surface 101, second plate surface 102, first inlet 103, first outlet 104, second outlet 105; Flow guide 106, first flow guide 1061, second flow guide 1062; Active reaction zone 107, flow channel 1071; Buffer 108, first buffer 1081, second buffer 1082, third buffer 1083; First through hole 109, second through hole 111; Step 112, first step 1121, second step 1122; Sealing groove 113, primary sealing groove 1131, secondary sealing groove 1132; Extension 114, fixing hole 115; Seal 200; Insulation layer 300. Detailed Implementation

[0020] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0021] Please refer to Figures 1-7This utility model proposes a bipolar plate flow guiding structure for an electrolytic cell, including a plate body 100 and a sealing element 200; the plate body 100 is provided with a first plate surface 101 and a second plate surface 102; the plate body 100 is provided with at least one first inlet 103, a first outlet 104, and a second outlet 105; the first inlet 103 is located at one end of the plate body 100, and the first outlet 104 is located at the other end of the plate body 100; the second outlet 105 is located at both ends of the plate body 100 respectively; the first plate surface 101 and the second plate surface 200 are respectively provided with a first plate surface 101 and a second plate surface 102. The plate surface 102 is provided with guide grooves 106; the guide grooves 106 include a first guide groove 1061 and a second guide groove 1062; wherein, the first guide groove 1061 is provided at both ends of the second plate surface 102, and the second guide groove 1062 is provided in the first plate surface 101 and the second plate surface 102 respectively, and is located at both ends of the first plate surface 101 and the second plate surface 102 respectively; the first plate surface 101 and the second plate surface 102 are respectively provided with active reaction zones 107, and the active reaction zones 1061 and 1062 are respectively provided with active reaction zones 1061 and 1062. The first plate 101 and the second plate 102 are provided with flow channels 1071 for fluid flow; buffer zones 108 are respectively provided at both ends of the flow channels 1071 to reduce flow resistance; the buffer zones 108 include a first buffer zone 1081, a second buffer zone 1082 and a third buffer zone 1083; the first buffer zone 1081 and the second buffer zone 1082 are respectively provided with first through holes 109, and the first through holes 109 are respectively set perpendicular to the plate 100 to realize the first plate 101 The buffer zone 108 and the guide groove 106 of the second plate 102 are connected; the second guide groove 1062 is provided with a second through hole 111 so as to realize the communication between the second guide groove 1062 of the first plate 101 and the second guide groove 1062 of the second plate; the first inlet 103, the first outlet 104 and the first guide groove 1061 on the second plate 102 are respectively provided with an insulating layer 300 to isolate the influence of current; the sealing element 200 is respectively provided on both sides of the plate 100 to provide a seal.

[0022] In this embodiment, the plate 100 is provided with at least one first inlet 103, a first outlet 104, and a second outlet 105. The first inlet 103 is located at one end of the plate 100, the first outlet 104 is located at the other end of the plate 100, and the second outlet 105 is respectively located between the two first inlets 103 at one end of the plate 100 and between the two first outlets 104 at the other end of the plate 100. The first plate surface 101 and the second plate surface 102 are respectively provided with active reaction zones 107, and the active reaction zones 107 are provided with flow channels 1071. The flow channels 1071 in the active reaction zones 107 of the first plate surface 101 and the second plate surface 102 are respectively connected to the first inlet 103, the first outlet 104, and the second outlet 105 through guide grooves 106 to ensure fluid flow. The flow channel 106 includes a first flow channel 1061 and a second flow channel 1062. Specifically, the first flow channel 1061 is respectively disposed at both ends of the second plate surface 102 (i.e., the first flow channel 1061 of the active reaction zone 107 of the first plate surface 101 is disposed on the second plate surface 102), and respectively abuts against the corresponding adjacent first inlet 103 and first outlet 104 (i.e., the first flow channel 1061 near the first inlet 103 abuts against the first inlet 103, and the first flow channel 1062 near the first outlet 104 abuts against the first outlet 104). The first guide channel 1061 abuts against the first outlet 104; the second guide channel 1062 is respectively disposed within the first plate surface 101 and the second plate surface 102, and is located at both ends of the first plate surface 101 and the second plate surface 102 respectively (part of the second guide channel 1062 of the active reaction zone 107 of the second plate surface 102 is disposed on the second plate surface 102, and the other part is disposed on the first plate surface 101), and the second guide channel 1062 located on the first plate surface 101 abuts against the second outlet 105. Buffer zones 108 are respectively provided at both ends of the flow channels 1071 of the active reaction zones 107 of the first plate surface 101 and the second plate surface 102. The buffer zones 108 can reduce flow resistance by slowing down the fluid velocity and changing the flow path, thereby reducing pressure loss and improving fluid flow efficiency. The buffer zones 108 include a first buffer zone 1081, a second buffer zone 1082, and a third buffer zone 1083.

[0023] Specifically, a first buffer zone 1081 is located on the first plate surface 101 near the first inlet 103. It guides fluid (such as gas or liquid) into the plate 100 and ensures that the fluid is buffered and pre-distributed before entering the catalytic reaction zone (i.e., the active reaction zone 107), preventing the fluid from directly scouring the catalytic layer and ensuring a uniform fluid flow rate within the active reaction zone 107 to improve reaction efficiency. A second buffer zone 1082 is located on the first plate surface 101 near the first outlet 104 to ensure smooth fluid discharge and prevent fluid accumulation or uneven flow. First through holes 109 are respectively provided at one end of the first buffer zone 1081 near the first inlet 103 and at one end of the second buffer zone 1082 near the first outlet 104. The first through holes 109 are perpendicular to the plate body 100. One side of the first through hole 109 is connected to the first buffer zone 1081 or the second buffer zone 1082, and the other side is connected to the first guide channel 1061 (that is, the first buffer zone 1081 and the second buffer zone 1082 located on the first plate surface 101 are respectively provided with first through holes 109 in the buffer zone 108). The first guide channel 1061 of the second plate surface 102 is connected to the first inlet 103 or the first outlet 104 at the end of the first guide channel 1061 away from the first through hole 109. This ensures that the fluid can smoothly enter the first guide channel 1061 of the first plate surface 101 from the first inlet 103, flow vertically through the plate body 100 through the first through hole 109 into the active reaction zone 107 of the second plate surface 102, and flow smoothly from the active reaction zone 107 of the second plate surface 102 to the first outlet 104 after the reaction. The first buffer zone 1081 and the second buffer zone 1082 are the same size and are designed with central symmetry, which helps to balance the fluid distribution of the first inlet 103 and the first outlet 104 and improve the fluid flow efficiency of the entire first plate surface 101.

[0024] The third buffer zone 1083 is disposed on the second plate surface 102 and located at both ends of the flow channel 1071 of the active reaction zone 107 of the second plate surface 102. It abuts against the second guide channel 1062 on the second plate surface 102. The second guide channel 1062 on the second plate surface 102 is provided with a second through hole 111 at the end away from the third buffer zone 1083. The second through hole 111 is perpendicular to the plate body 100. One side of the second through hole 111 is connected to the second guide channel 1062 on the second plate surface 102, and the other side is connected to the second guide channel 1062 on the first plate surface 101. The end of the second guide channel 1062 on the first plate surface 101 away from the second through hole 111 is connected to the second outlet 105 to ensure that the fluid can flow smoothly from the active reaction zone 107 of the second plate surface 102 to the second outlet 105, avoiding excessively high or low local pressure, thereby improving the overall hydrogen production efficiency.

[0025] Specifically, the active reaction zone 107 of the first plate surface 101 is provided with flow channels 1071 in different directions. The flow channels 1071 of the first buffer zone 1081 and the second buffer zone 1082 are perpendicular to the flow channel 1071 between the first buffer zone 1081 and the second buffer zone 1082, respectively. Compared with the serpentine flow field, this can effectively reduce pressure loss. Compared with the parallel flow field, it can reduce the problem of uneven local fluid concentration, thereby improving the uniformity of the reaction.

[0026] When the electrolyte flows through the electrode space and channel 1071, it is affected by stray currents due to the electrolysis voltage. These stray currents decompose water in the electrolyte to produce hydrogen gas, which is then discharged with the electrolyte, leading to excessive hydrogen in the oxygen content. To address this issue, the plate 100 is insulated. Specifically, insulating layers 300 are provided on the first inlet 103, the first outlet 104, and the first guide groove 1061 on the second plate surface 102 to isolate the influence of current. Sealing elements 200 are respectively provided on both sides of the plate 100, and these sealing elements 200 separate the first inlet 103, the first outlet 104, and the second outlet 105, so that the first inlet 103, the first outlet 104, and the second outlet 105 each form a separate sealing area. The insulating layers 300 are specifically provided within the sealing areas of the first inlet 103 and the first outlet 104.

[0027] Please refer to Figures 1-3 The first buffer 1081 and the second buffer 1082 are arranged in a centrally symmetrical manner; the first buffer 1081 and the second buffer 1082 are respectively located at both ends of the flow channel 1071 of the first plate 101, and the first buffer 1081 is located at the end near the first inlet 103, and the second buffer 1082 is located at the end near the first outlet 104; the third buffer 1083 is located at both ends of the flow channel 1071 of the second plate 102.

[0028] In specific implementation: the first buffer zone 1081 and the second buffer zone 1082 are arranged in a centrally symmetrical manner based on the plate body 100, and the first buffer zone 1081 and the second buffer zone 1082 are respectively connected to the flow channel 1071 in the active reaction zone 107 of the first plate surface 101. The first plate surface 101 of the plate body 100 is the anode surface, the second plate surface 102 is the cathode surface, the first inlet 103 is the inlet of pure water or alkaline electrolyte, the first outlet 104 is the outlet of oxygen generated in the reaction zone and unreacted remaining pure water or alkaline electrolyte, and the second outlet 105 is the junction port of hydrogen. The first buffer zone 1081 and the second buffer zone 1082 are respectively located at both ends of the flow channel 1071 within the active reaction zone 107 on the anode surface (i.e., the first buffer zone 1081 is located at the inlet end of the anode surface, and the second buffer zone 1082 is located at the outlet end of the anode surface). The first buffer zone 1081, which is closer to the first inlet 103 (i.e., the inlet end), can effectively stabilize the flow of fluid, prevent impact and turbulence caused by high-speed fluid directly entering the flow channel 1071, and reduce flow noise and vibration. The first guide channel 1061 on the anode surface is located at both ends of the cathode surface and is connected to the first inlet 103 (i.e., the inlet end) or the first outlet 104 (i.e., the outlet end), respectively. Part of the second guide channel 1062 on the cathode surface is located on the anode surface and the other part is located inside the cathode surface. The second guide channel 1062 on the anode surface is connected to the second outlet 105 (i.e., the hydrogen confluence port), respectively. The anion exchange membrane, positioned between the two plates 100, is relatively flexible in its hydrated state. If subjected to excessive force by oxygen or electrolyte, it is prone to localized expansion, fatigue, or tearing. The first buffer zone 1081 and the second buffer zone 1082 effectively mitigate the direct impact of fluids on the membrane, extending its lifespan. Specifically, hydrogen evolution occurs rapidly at the cathode surface; if it escapes directly and in large quantities from the reaction zone, it may cause excessively high local pressure, generating irregular thrust on the membrane electrode assembly. The third buffer zone 1083 regulates gas flow rate and pressure fluctuations to reduce localized stress impacts on the membrane structure, lowering the risk of membrane bulging, fatigue, or even rupture.

[0029] Please refer to Figure 5 The first guide channel 1061 is arranged diagonally and is connected to the first inlet 103 and the first outlet 104 respectively; the second guide channel 1062 is arranged in a staggered manner and is connected to the second outlet 105 at both ends of the plate 100 respectively.

[0030] In specific implementation: the first guide channel 1061 is located at both ends of the second plate surface 102, and is diagonally arranged. The first buffer zone 1081 and the second buffer zone 1082, which are connected to the first guide channel 1061, are correspondingly arranged with the first guide channel 1061. One end of the first guide channel 1061 is connected to the first inlet 103, and the other end is connected to the first buffer zone 1081, or one end of the first guide channel 1061 is connected to the first outlet 104, and the other end is connected to the second buffer zone 1082. The diagonal arrangement of the first guide channel 1061 helps the liquid cover the entire first plate surface 101 (i.e., the anode reaction surface), improves the catalyst utilization rate, and avoids dead zones. Compared with the same-side inlet / outlet or same-side parallel flow channels 1071, the diagonal design forms a slanted uniform pressure difference distribution, which can effectively control the balanced distribution of electrolyte and avoid flow deviation. At the same time, the diagonal guide is more conducive to maintaining the wet state of the electrode plates and membrane, reducing aging and performance degradation caused by "dry spots". The second guide channels 1062 are respectively disposed on the first plate surface 101 and the second plate surface 102, and the second guide channel 1062 at one end of the plate body 100 and the second guide channel 1062 at the other end of the plate body 100 are staggered. The second guide channel 1062 on the first plate surface 101 is connected to the second guide channel 1062 on the second plate surface 102 through a second through hole 111. The end of the second guide channel 1062 away from the third buffer zone 1083 is connected to the second outlet 105. The staggered arrangement of the second guide channels 1062 allows hydrogen gas to flow in a non-linear direction (such as a diagonal direction) on the second plate surface 102 (i.e., the cathode reaction surface), avoiding the "counteracting" gas resistance formed by symmetrical arrangement, and improving the gas flow rate and stability.

[0031] Please refer to Figure 3 and Figure 5 The first plate surface 101 and the second plate surface 102 are respectively provided with steps 112 for limiting and fixing. The steps 112 include a first step 1121 and a second step 1122, and the first step 1121 and the second step 1122 are arranged close to the active reaction zone 107 in sequence.

[0032] In practical implementation: the first step 1121 and the second step 1122 are respectively located at the edges of the active reaction zone 107. The first step 1121 mainly limits and fixes the gas diffusion layer, and the second step 1122 mainly limits and fixes the anode and cathode catalyst layers. The multi-level steps 112 provide a positioning reference surface, which can keep the gas diffusion layer and catalyst layer in accurate position and fit during assembly, reducing problems such as misalignment and wrinkling.

[0033] Please refer to Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 7The first plate surface 101 and the second plate surface 102 are respectively provided with sealing grooves 113, and the sealing grooves 113 correspond to the sealing element 200, and the sealing element 200 is disposed in the sealing grooves 113.

[0034] In specific implementation: the sealing grooves 113 of the first plate surface 101 and the second plate surface 102 are respectively located on the periphery of the step 112, and the sealing groove 113 includes a primary sealing groove 1131 and a secondary sealing groove 1132. The primary sealing groove 1131 and the secondary sealing groove 1132 are interconnected, and the shape of the sealing element 200 corresponds to the sealing groove 113. During assembly, the sealing element 200 is disposed in the sealing groove 113. The sealing element 200 includes, but is not limited to, fluororubber, EPDM rubber and polytetrafluoroethylene.

[0035] In one specific embodiment, the seal 200 is made of perfluororubber, which has extremely strong resistance to strong acids, strong alkalis, organic solvents and oxidants (such as nitric acid, aqua regia, hydrogen chloride, high-temperature steam, etc.). It maintains its integrity even in harsh corrosive environments and is not prone to expansion or cracking. Under high temperature or long-term compression load, its resilience is still excellent and it is not prone to aging, thereby extending the service life of the seal.

[0036] Please refer to Figure 1 and Figure 5 The sealing groove 113 includes a primary sealing groove 1131 and a secondary sealing groove 1132. The primary sealing groove 1131 and the secondary sealing groove 1132 are interconnected and separate the first inlet 103, the first outlet 104 and the second outlet 105 respectively.

[0037] In practical implementation: the sealing element 200 is disposed within the sealing groove 113. The primary sealing groove 1131 surrounds the active reaction zone 107 and the step 112 respectively to seal the active reaction. The secondary sealing groove 1132 is specifically disposed on both ends of the plate 100 near the second outlet 105, that is, the secondary sealing groove 1132 surrounds the first inlet 103, the first outlet 104 and the second outlet 105 respectively. The primary sealing groove 1131 and the secondary sealing groove 1132 are interconnected, separating the first inlet 103, the first outlet 104 and the second outlet 105 respectively to form independent sealing zones, fundamentally avoiding the cross-contamination of hydrogen and oxygen inside. The first inlet 103, the first outlet 104 and the second outlet 105 are independent sealing zones. Once a leak occurs in a certain area, the leaked material will not spread to the entire plate surface and can be quickly detected, facilitating fault location and handling.

[0038] Please refer to Figure 5 The second guide groove 1062 of the second plate 102 passes through the first-level sealing groove 1131 and the second-level sealing groove 1132 respectively, and abuts against the second through hole 111.

[0039] In specific implementation: the second guide groove 1062 of the second plate surface 102 extends from the active reaction zone 107 toward the second through hole 111, and passes through the primary sealing groove 1131 and the secondary sealing groove 1132 respectively. One side of the second through hole 111 is connected to the second guide groove 1062 of the second plate surface 102, and the other side is connected to the second guide groove 1062 of the first plate surface 101. One end of the second guide groove 1062 of the first plate surface 101 is connected to the second through hole 111, and the other end is connected to the second outlet 105, so that the hydrogen generated in the active reaction zone 107 of the second plate surface 102 (cathode surface) can pass through the second through hole 111 vertically through the plate body 100 and flow from the second guide groove 1062 of the first plate surface 101 (i.e., the anode surface) to the second outlet 105 (i.e., the hydrogen confluence port).

[0040] Please refer to Figure 5 and Figure 6 The second through hole 111 is located at the end of the second guide groove 1062 on the first plate surface 101 away from the second outlet 105, and the second through hole 111 is set perpendicular to the plate body 100.

[0041] In specific implementation: the second through hole 111 is used to connect the second guide groove 1062 of the first plate surface 101 and the second guide groove 1062 of the second plate surface 102. The second through hole 111 is specifically located at the end of the second guide groove 1062 on the first plate surface 101 away from the second outlet 105, and the second through hole 111 is set perpendicular to the plate body 100, so that the hydrogen gas generated by the second plate surface 102 can pass through the second through hole 111 perpendicularly to the plate body 100 to the first plate surface 101, avoiding gas cross-contamination and significantly improving the purity of the product gas. The first through hole 109 is used to connect the first buffer zone 1081 and the first inlet 103 of the first plate surface 101 or to connect the second buffer zone 1082 and the first outlet 104 of the first plate surface 101, so that the oxygen or electrolyte of the first plate surface 101 can pass through the first through hole 109 perpendicularly through the plate body 100 and flow out from the first guide groove 1061 of the second plate surface 102. The first through hole 109 and the second through hole 111 allow fluids on both sides of the plate 100 to permeate each other, which can balance the pressure of the flow channel 1071 between the anode and the cathode to a certain extent, and reduce the deformation of the plate 100 or the stress concentration of the seal 200 in the local high pressure area.

[0042] Please refer to Figure 5 The insulating layer 300 extends from the first inlet 103 to the first guide channel 1061 near the first inlet 103 or from the first outlet 104 to the first guide channel 1061 near the first outlet 104.

[0043] In specific implementation: the sealing element 200 and the sealing groove 113 respectively separate the first inlet 103, the first outlet 104 and the second outlet 105 to form independent sealing areas. The insulating layer 300 is respectively disposed in the sealing area of ​​the first inlet 103 and the sealing area of ​​the first outlet 104. The insulating layer 300 located in the sealing area of ​​the first inlet 103 extends from the first inlet 103 to the first guide groove 1061 within the sealing area of ​​the first inlet 103, and the insulating layer 300 located in the sealing area of ​​the first inlet 103 extends from the first outlet 104 to the first guide groove 1061 within the sealing area of ​​the first outlet 104.

[0044] Please refer to Figure 1 The plate body 100 has extensions 114 at both ends for establishing electrical connections; the plate body 100 also has several fixing holes 115 at both ends for positioning and fixing.

[0045] In practical implementation: The plate 100 has extensions 114 at both ends, which can establish an electrical connection with a voltage, current, or electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) tester to quickly locate defective or partially failed monomers, thereby improving fault diagnosis efficiency. The plate 100 also has several fixing holes 115 at both ends, which can quickly align each plate 100, ensuring precise alignment of the flow channel 1071 port, the membrane electrode assembly (MEA), and adjacent plates 100. This ensures the consistency of the vertical sealing of multiple plate 100 stacks, reducing localized liquid or gas leakage caused by misalignment or displacement of the stacked plates 100.

[0046] In the description of the embodiments of this utility model, it should be understood that the terms "length", "width", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this application.

[0047] Furthermore, it should be understood that the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of this application, "multiple" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0048] The above are merely preferred embodiments of this utility model, but the scope of protection of this utility model is not limited thereto. Any equivalent substitutions or modifications made by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in this utility model, based on the technical solution and inventive concept of this utility model, should be included within the scope of protection of this utility model.

Claims

1. A bipolar plate current guiding structure for an electrolytic cell, characterized in that, It includes a plate body and a sealing element; the plate body is provided with a first plate surface and a second plate surface; the plate body is provided with at least a first inlet, a first outlet and a second outlet; The first inlet is located at one end of the plate, and the first outlet is located at the other end of the plate. The second outlets are located at both ends of the plate. The first plate surface and the second plate surface are respectively provided with flow guide grooves; The flow guide channel includes a first flow guide channel and a second flow guide channel; wherein, the first flow guide channel is disposed at both ends of the second plate surface, and the second flow guide channel is disposed within the first plate surface and the second plate surface respectively, and is located at both ends of the first plate surface and the second plate surface respectively; The first plate surface and the second plate surface are respectively provided with active reaction zones, and the active reaction zones are provided with flow channels for fluid flow; The flow channels on the first plate and the second plate are respectively provided with buffer zones at both ends to reduce flow resistance; The buffer includes a first buffer, a second buffer, and a third buffer; The first buffer zone and the second buffer zone are respectively provided with first through holes, and the first through holes are respectively perpendicular to the plate body, so as to realize the connection between the buffer zone on the first plate surface and the guide groove on the second plate surface; The second guide groove is provided with a second through hole to enable communication between the second guide groove on the first plate surface and the second guide groove on the second plate surface; Insulating layers are provided on the first inlet, the first outlet, and the first guide groove on the second plate surface to isolate the influence of current. The sealing elements are respectively disposed on both sides of the plate to provide a seal.

2. The bipolar plate current guiding structure for an electrolytic cell according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first buffer and the second buffer are arranged in a centrally symmetrical manner; The first buffer and the second buffer are respectively located at both ends of the flow channel on the first plate surface, with the first buffer located at the end closer to the first inlet and the second buffer located at the end closer to the first outlet; The third buffer is located at both ends of the flow channel on the second plate.

3. The bipolar plate current guiding structure for an electrolytic cell according to claim 2, characterized in that, The first guide channel is arranged diagonally and communicates with the first inlet and the first outlet respectively; the second guide channel is arranged at an offset position and communicates with the second outlets at both ends of the plate respectively.

4. The bipolar plate current guiding structure for an electrolytic cell according to claim 3, characterized in that, The first plate surface and the second plate surface are respectively provided with steps for limiting and fixing. The steps include a first step and a second step, and the first step and the second step are arranged sequentially close to the active reaction zone.

5. The bipolar plate current guiding structure for an electrolytic cell according to claim 4, characterized in that, The first plate surface and the second plate surface are respectively provided with sealing grooves, and the sealing grooves correspond to the sealing element, and the sealing element is disposed in the sealing groove.

6. The bipolar plate current guiding structure for an electrolytic cell according to claim 5, characterized in that, The sealing groove includes a primary sealing groove and a secondary sealing groove, which are interconnected and separate the first inlet, the first outlet and the second outlet respectively.

7. The bipolar plate current guiding structure for an electrolytic cell according to claim 6, characterized in that, The second guide groove on the second plate surface passes through the primary sealing groove and the secondary sealing groove respectively, and abuts against the second through hole.

8. The bipolar plate current guiding structure for an electrolytic cell according to claim 7, characterized in that, The second through hole is located at the end of the second guide groove on the first plate surface away from the second outlet, and the second through hole is perpendicular to the plate body.

9. The bipolar plate current guiding structure for an electrolytic cell according to claim 1, characterized in that, The insulating layer extends from the first inlet to the first guide channel near the first inlet or from the first outlet to the first guide channel near the first outlet.

10. The bipolar plate current guiding structure for an electrolytic cell according to claim 9, characterized in that, The plate has extensions at both ends for establishing electrical connections; The plate is also provided with several fixing holes at both ends for positioning and fixing.

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