Ecological flood control and flow slowing structure

Abstract

The utility model relates to a related technical field of flood control especially relates to an ecological flood control slow flow structure, including guide pier and flood control slow flow mechanism, the flood control slow flow mechanism includes spacing post, the top of spacing post is provided with spacing block, one side of spacing post is provided with spacing slot, one side of spacing slot is provided with filter screen, the inside of spacing slot is provided with connecting rod, one end of connecting rod is fixedly connected with the float box. This ecological flood control slow flow structure will water in the float box be pumped out and do a floating weir when the flood comes, form a water storage area that can temporarily store a part of flood on the river upstream, delay the speed of flood advancing downstream, the slow flow structure that is composed of first slope, stilling basin etc. can effectively reduce the flow rate and impact force of flood, when the water volume is too large to submerge the plant pool, the aquatic plants such as reed in the plant pool can effectively increase the water resistance, further weaken the flow rate of flood.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of flood control technology, and in particular to an ecological flood control and flow mitigation structure. Background Technology

[0002] River flood control projects, as key infrastructure for ensuring urban safety, water system stability, and ecological balance, must be designed to withstand flood peaks, resist riverbed erosion, and stabilize embankment structures. They must also consider diverse needs such as aquatic ecological environment restoration, river self-purification, and landscape integration. While traditional flood control facilities can effectively block floods, they often weaken natural water flow, damage aquatic habitats, and affect river ecological connectivity when faced with complex hydrological conditions. To achieve effective flood control, reduce river energy impact, and maintain ecological functions, ecological flood control structures have emerged. However, in complex natural environments, the sediment, floating debris, silt, and high-energy fluids carried by floods can cause impact damage, siltation, or secondary pollution in localized areas, affecting structural stability and ecological function. Failure to effectively disperse, reduce, and filter water velocity, energy, and floating debris can lead to insufficient energy dissipation, ecological damage, downstream riverbed erosion, and even embankment instability, posing safety hazards. Therefore, a diversified flood control structure that takes into account both flood control safety and ecological restoration is needed. Through a comprehensive approach of multi-stage flow slowing, diversion, energy dissipation, filtration and ecological purification, the river channel can achieve a dynamic balance between flood control and ecology.

[0003] To address the aforementioned issues, a search revealed patent CN120193489A, which discloses a diversified flood control structure that balances flood prevention and ecology. The patent states that "the diversified flood control structure provided by this invention, by setting upper and lower ecological channels on the inclined section of the embankment's water-facing zone, provides diverse habitats for aquatic organisms such as fish, effectively improving their living environment and solving the problem of limited ecological space in flood control structures. This is beneficial for maintaining and enhancing the biodiversity of the river ecosystem. Simultaneously, the ecological openings of the upper ecological channel are covered with an elastic mesh layer." The mesh layer can deform synchronously under the impact of water flow, which not only ensures the openness of the ecological channel, facilitating the entry and exit of fish, but also buffers the impact of water flow on organisms in the ecological channel to a certain extent, protecting the organisms inhabiting it, improving the stability and adaptability of the ecological structure, and effectively balancing flood control safety and ecological protection. Although the above structure provides diversified habitats for aquatic organisms such as fish by setting up upper and lower ecological channels in the water-facing area of ​​the dam, it cannot dynamically adjust the upstream water level as needed, and the flood control facilities are singular. When floods come, it cannot effectively alleviate the flow velocity and impact force of the flood.

[0004] In light of this, in-depth research into the aforementioned issues led to the creation of this case. Utility Model Content The purpose of this invention is to provide an ecological flood control and flow mitigation structure suitable for small and medium-sized rivers, in order to solve the problems mentioned in the background art, such as the inability to dynamically adjust the upstream water level, the lack of single flood control facilities, and the inability to effectively alleviate the flow velocity and impact force of floods when they arrive.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides the following technical solution: an ecological flood control and flow slowing structure, including guide piers, with flood control and flow slowing mechanisms arranged between the guide piers; The flood control and flow slowing mechanism includes a limiting column, a limiting block at the top of the limiting column, a limiting groove on one side of the limiting column, a filter screen on one side of the limiting groove, a connecting rod inside the limiting groove, a pontoon fixedly connected to one end of the connecting rod, a pontoon cover on the upper part of the pontoon, a first slope on one side of the limiting column, a stilling basin at one end of the first slope, a toe pier on the upper surface of one end of the stilling basin, a tail sill on the upper surface of the other end of the stilling basin, a second slope at one end of the stilling basin, a stilling sill at one end of the second slope, and a bottom protection plate at one end of the stilling sill.

[0006] Preferably, when the connecting rod is moved to its highest point, the bottom of the connecting rod is lower than the top of the filter screen, and when the float is moved to its highest point, the bottom of the float is lower than the top of the first slope.

[0007] Preferably, the upper surface of the pontoon is provided with a diversion channel, and the pontoon is a hollow structure.

[0008] Preferably, flood control dikes are provided at both ends of the bottom plate, and a flow pipe is provided at the lower part of the guide pier.

[0009] Preferably, the flow pipe is lower than the top of the float box when it is at its lowest point, and a plant pool is provided at one end of the flow pipe.

[0010] Preferably, a connecting pipe is provided between the plant pools, and a support column is provided below the connecting pipe.

[0011] Preferably, the support column is set on the flood control dike, and the bottom of the plant pool is set as a riverbed.

[0012] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this utility model are: 1. This ecological flood control and flow slowing structure fills the pontoon with water during normal times, creating a simple weir to ensure sufficient water flows through the circulation pipe into the plant pond above the downstream water level, while also ensuring the migration and reproduction of fish upstream and downstream. When a flood occurs, the water in the pontoon is pumped out, and the pontoon can automatically adjust its height according to the water level to create a floating weir, forming a water storage area in the upper reaches of the river that can temporarily store some of the floodwater, slowing down the speed at which the floodwater advances downstream.

[0013] 2. The flow-reducing structure consisting of the first slope, stilling basin, toe pier, tail sill, second slope, and stilling sill can effectively reduce the flow velocity and impact force of floods. When the water volume is too large and submerges the plant pool, the aquatic plants in the plant pool, such as reeds, can effectively increase the water resistance and further weaken the flow velocity of the flood. At the same time, due to the restriction of the plant pool, it is ensured that these aquatic plants cannot grow too densely in the river channel and crowd out the cross-section of the river channel. Attached Figure Description

[0014] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of this utility model; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the pontoon, connecting rod and limiting groove of this utility model. Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the flow tube and the plant pool of this utility model. Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the toe pier, tail sill, and stilling basin of this utility model.

[0015] In the diagram: 1. Guide pier; 201. Limiting column; 202. Limiting block; 203. Limiting groove; 204. Filter screen; 205. Connecting rod; 206. Floating box; 207. Floating box cover; 208. First slope; 209. Stilling basin; 210. Toe pier; 211. Tail sill; 212. Second slope; 213. Stilling basin; 214. Bottom protection plate; 3. Flood control dike; 4. Flow pipe; 5. Planting pond; 6. Connecting pipe; 7. Support column; 8. Riverbed. Detailed Implementation

[0016] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0017] Please see Figure 1-4 This utility model provides a technical solution: an ecological flood control and flow slowing structure, including a flow guide pier (1), and a flood control and flow slowing mechanism (2) is provided between the flow guide piers (1); The flood control and flow slowing mechanism (2) includes a limiting column (201), a limiting block 202 is provided at the top of the limiting column 201, a limiting groove 203 is provided on one side of the limiting column 201, a filter screen 204 is provided on one side of the limiting groove 203, a connecting rod 205 is provided inside the limiting groove 203, a float box 206 is fixedly connected to one end of the connecting rod 205, a float box cover 207 is provided on the upper part of the float box 206, a first slope 208 is provided on one side of the limiting column 201, a stilling pool 209 is provided at one end of the first slope 208, a toe block 210 is provided on the upper surface of one end of the stilling pool 209, a tail sill 211 is provided on the upper surface of the other end of the stilling pool 209, a second slope 212 is provided at one end of the stilling pool 209, a stilling sill 213 is provided at one end of the second slope 212, and a bottom protection plate 214 is provided at one end of the stilling sill 213.

[0018] Furthermore, when the connecting rod 205 moves to its highest point, the bottom of the connecting rod 205 is lower than the top of the filter screen 204. When the float box 206 moves to its highest point, the bottom of the float box 206 is lower than the top of the first ramp 208. Through the filter screen 204 and the first ramp 208, the connecting rod 205 and the float box 206 can be restricted to moving only up and down. At the same time, the filter screen 204 can also filter out larger debris to prevent it from blocking the limiting groove 203 and affecting the operation of the float box 206.

[0019] Furthermore, a diversion channel is provided on the upper surface of the pontoon 206. The pontoon 206 is a hollow structure. The diversion channel guides the river water to flow evenly over the upper surface of the pontoon 206. At the same time, the internal cavity of the pontoon 206 provides buoyancy adjustment space, enabling the pontoon 206 to automatically rise and fall with changes in water level, thereby realizing the function of a floating weir. This structure does not require external power drive. The water flow acts directly on the pontoon 206 to achieve adaptive adjustment. The structure is simplified, the operation is reliable, and the maintenance is low.

[0020] Furthermore, flood control dikes 3 are provided at both ends of the bottom plate 214, and a flow pipe 4 is provided at the lower part of the guide pier 1. The flood control dikes 3 restrict the lateral overflow of water flow. The bottom plate 214 serves as a transition zone to withstand the impact of residual water flow, prevent scouring, and protect the riverbed.

[0021] Furthermore, the flow pipe 4 is lower than the top of the float box 206 when it is at its lowest point. A plant pond 5 is set at one end of the flow pipe 4. By setting the position of the inlet of the flow pipe 4, it is ensured that the plant pond 5 still has enough water during the dry season to support the survival of plants and animals. This ensures that aquatic plants can have lush branches and leaves and developed root systems to reduce the flow rate of floodwaters when floods come.

[0022] Furthermore, a connecting pipe 6 is installed between the plant ponds 5, and a support column 7 is installed below the flow pipe 4. The connecting pipe 6 ensures that each plant pond 5 has sufficient water, and fish can also enter the downstream river through the connecting pipe 6.

[0023] Furthermore, the support column 7 is set on the flood control dike 3, and the bottom of the plant pool 5 is set as the riverbed 8.

[0024] Working principle: Before the ecological flood control and flow slowing structure is put into use, the operator first fills the pontoon (206) with water, so that the pontoon (206) forms a normal water-retaining weir. The pontoon cover (207) ensures that the internal cavity is sealed, and at the same time, a diversion channel is opened on the upper surface to guide the water flow and disperse the water flow impact. Subsequently, the connecting rod (205) is set in the limiting groove (203) of the limiting column (201) to ensure that the pontoon (206) can only move up and down.

[0025] When the river flows normally, most of the water flows downstream through the top of the pontoon (206), guiding the water flow into the slow-flow structure. The water first slides down the first slope (208) into the stilling basin (209). The toe pier (210) and tail sill (211) inside the stilling basin (209) further slow down the water flow. Then the water flows along the second slope (212) to the stilling sill (213) and transitions to the riverbed through the bottom plate (214), effectively reducing the impact force of the water flow. A small portion of the water flows into the plant pond (5) through the flow pipe (4), and the plant ponds (5) are kept in contact with each other through the connecting pipe (6). At the same time, the plant ponds (5) are also kept in contact with the downstream through the connecting pipe (6), ensuring the upstream and downstream migration and reproduction of fish.

[0026] When a flood comes, the operator can pump out the water from the pontoon (206), so that the pontoon (206) can automatically rise and fall with the water level to form a floating weir, allowing the upstream river section to temporarily store water and slow down the speed of the flood peak moving downstream. At this time, the water flow still passes through the first slope (208), stilling basin (209), toe pier (210), tail sill (211), second slope (212) and stilling basin (213) along the slow-flow structure channel, reducing the flood velocity and impact force; when the flood submerges the plant pond (5), the aquatic plants increase water resistance, further reducing the flood velocity.

[0027] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. An ecological flood control and flow mitigation structure, comprising a flow guide pier (1); A flood control and flow slowing mechanism (2) is provided between the diversion piers (1); The flood control and flow slowing mechanism (2) includes a limiting post (201), a limiting block (202) is provided at the top of the limiting post (201), a limiting groove (203) is provided on one side of the limiting post (201), a filter screen (204) is provided on one side of the limiting groove (203), a connecting rod (205) is provided inside the limiting groove (203), a float box (206) is fixedly connected to one end of the connecting rod (205), a float box cover (207) is provided on the upper part of the float box (206), and the limiting post ( A first slope (208) is provided on one side of the energy dissipation pool (209) at one end of the first slope (208). A toe block (210) is provided on the upper surface of one end of the energy dissipation pool (209). A tail sill (211) is provided on the upper surface of the other end of the energy dissipation pool (209). A second slope (212) is provided at one end of the energy dissipation pool (209). A energy dissipation sill (213) is provided at one end of the second slope (212). A bottom protection plate (214) is provided at one end of the energy dissipation sill (213).

2. The ecological flood control and flow mitigation structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: When the connecting rod (205) moves to the highest point, the bottom of the connecting rod (205) is lower than the top of the filter screen (204), and when the float (206) moves to the highest point, the bottom of the float (206) is lower than the top of the first ramp (208).

3. The ecological flood control and flow mitigation structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper surface of the pontoon (206) is provided with a diversion channel, and the pontoon (206) is a hollow structure.

4. The ecological flood control and flow mitigation structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom plate (214) is provided with flood control dikes (3) at both ends, and the flow guide pier (1) is provided with a flow pipe (4) at the bottom.

5. The ecological flood control and flow mitigation structure according to claim 4, characterized in that: The flow pipe (4) is lower than the top of the float box (206) when it is at its lowest point, and a plant pond (5) is provided at one end of the flow pipe (4).

6. The ecological flood control and flow mitigation structure according to claim 5, characterized in that: A connecting pipe (6) is provided between the plant pools (5), and a support column (7) is provided below the flow pipe (4).

7. The ecological flood control and flow mitigation structure according to claim 6, characterized in that: The support column (7) is set on the flood control dike (3), and the bottom of the plant pool (5) is set as the riverbed (8).

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