A foundation pit steel pipe stand positioning device based on a top-down excavation method
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202522300253.7
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-10-30
- Publication Date
- 2026-10-27
- Estimated Expiration
- 2035-10-30
AI Technical Summary
[0015]本实用新型的有益效果：本实用新型中通过设置桩顶定位装置和桩底定位装置，实现了钢管立柱上下两端的同步定位与固定，有效提高了钢管立柱安装的垂直度和对中精度；通过控制转盘转动方向，可调整滚轮位置，从而使得钢管立柱上端能够准确的对中并固定，整个过程由转动电机驱动，自动化程度高，减少了人工干预，提高了施工效率和安全性。同时，滚轮设计减少了与钢管立柱的摩擦，避免损伤钢管立柱表面，且本实施例中整体装置结构紧凑，适用于暗挖逆作法中空间受限的施工环境。
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Figure CN224902167U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This utility model relates to the field of urban tunnel construction technology, and in particular to a positioning device for steel pipe columns in foundation pits based on the reverse excavation method. Background Technology
[0002] The installation technology of steel pipe columns in foundation pits is a crucial step in urban underground tunnel construction, especially in the cut-and-cover (or top-down) method. As urban underground space development deepens, projects such as subway tunnels, underground utility tunnels, and large underground parking lots often need to be constructed beneath dense building complexes or busy traffic arteries. The cut-and-cover method is widely used in such projects due to its advantages, including minimal impact on surface traffic and the surrounding environment, and effective control of ground deformation.
[0003] In this construction method, the foundation pit retaining structure and intermediate support system must be constructed first. Among these, the steel pipe column piles, as crucial vertical load-bearing components in the reverse construction phase, directly affect the safety of the entire structure through their installation accuracy and quality. The construction process mainly includes: pre-drilling pile holes at the pile locations, often using steel casings to ensure hole wall stability; after drilling, hoisting and placing prefabricated high-precision steel pipe columns into the pile holes, ensuring concentricity between the steel pipe columns and the pile hole, and controlling the top elevation to ensure it exceeds the design elevation of the pile hole; subsequently, pouring concrete at the bottom of the pile hole to fix the lower end of the steel pipe columns; and after the concrete reaches its strength, installing a capping beam on top of the steel pipe columns, thus forming a stable framework to support subsequent excavation and structural reverse construction. To ensure the reliability of this support system, the verticality of the steel pipe column must be strictly controlled when it is hoisted into the hole to ensure that its axis is precisely aligned with the axis of the pile hole. During the entire process of pouring concrete and the concrete solidification, effective measures must be taken to fix the steel pipe column to prevent it from shifting or floating, and to ensure that the final position meets the design requirements. Utility Model Content
[0004] Therefore, in view of the above problems, this utility model proposes a foundation pit steel pipe column positioning device based on the reverse construction method of underground excavation, which can prevent the steel pipe column from shifting or floating.
[0005] To address the aforementioned technical problems, the solution adopted by this utility model is as follows: A positioning device for steel pipe columns in a foundation pit based on the reverse excavation method is used to fix steel pipe columns located in pile holes or within steel casings of pile holes. The device includes a pile top positioning device and a pile bottom positioning device. The pile top positioning device includes: Mounting base, wherein the mounting base is provided with a first mounting hole coaxially arranged with the steel casing of the pile hole; A slider, which is slidably disposed on the mounting base; A roller, which is rotatably disposed at one end of the slider facing the axis of the mounting hole; A turntable is rotatably mounted above the mounting base. The turntable has a second mounting hole coaxial with the first mounting hole for the steel pipe column to enter. The turntable has a guide groove, which is a curved groove that spirals from the inside to the outside. The distance from any point on the groove wall to the axis of the turntable gradually increases with the increase of the spiral angle. A connecting shaft is fixedly mounted on the upper end of the slider, and the upper end of the connecting shaft passes through the guide groove. A rotary motor is mounted on one side of the mounting base and is connected to the turntable via a belt to drive the turntable to rotate. When the turntable rotates, the top end of the connecting shaft slides along the guide groove, causing the slider to approach or move away from the axis of the mounting hole radially.
[0006] As a further improvement of this utility model, at least three sliders and three guide grooves are provided, and the sliders and the guide grooves are arranged in a circular array.
[0007] As a further improvement of this utility model, a mounting post is provided on the periphery of the mounting base, and a mounting ring is provided on the mounting post, with the turntable rotatably disposed within the mounting ring.
[0008] As a further improvement of this utility model, a plurality of ball bearings are provided between the mounting ring and the turntable.
[0009] As a further improvement of this utility model, the roller has an arc surface adapted to the outer wall of the steel pipe column.
[0010] As a further improvement of this utility model, the mounting base is provided with a slide rail, the extension direction of the slide rail is consistent with the radial direction of the mounting hole, and the slider is slidably assembled on the slide rail.
[0011] As a further improvement of this utility model, the slider includes a sliding part mounted on the slide rail and a mounting part disposed on the sliding part. The mounting part is used to mount the roller, wherein the mounting part is configured to be displaceable radially relative to the sliding part along the mounting hole.
[0012] As a further improvement of this utility model, an adjusting rod is provided on the sliding part, the adjusting rod is threadedly engaged with the sliding part, one end of the adjusting rod is connected to the mounting part, and the adjusting rod can rotate relative to the mounting part, and a handwheel is provided on the other end of the adjusting rod.
[0013] As a further improvement of this utility model, the pile bottom positioning device includes an installation plate, which is used to install on the bottom of the steel casing of the pile hole. A guide plate is provided on the installation plate, and the guide plate is arranged in a ring. An inclined guide portion is provided on the outer wall of the guide plate.
[0014] As a further improvement of this utility model, the inner wall of the mounting plate is provided with an elastic protrusion that cooperates with the steel casing of the pile hole.
[0015] The beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows: By setting up pile top positioning devices and pile bottom positioning devices, this utility model achieves synchronous positioning and fixing of the upper and lower ends of the steel pipe column, effectively improving the verticality and centering accuracy of the steel pipe column installation. By controlling the rotation direction of the turntable, the position of the rollers can be adjusted, thereby ensuring that the upper end of the steel pipe column can be accurately centered and fixed. The entire process is driven by a rotary motor, with a high degree of automation, reducing manual intervention and improving construction efficiency and safety. At the same time, the roller design reduces friction with the steel pipe column, avoiding damage to the surface of the steel pipe column. Furthermore, the overall device structure in this embodiment is compact and suitable for construction environments with limited space in the reverse excavation method. Attached Figure Description
[0016] The preferred embodiments of this utility model will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings to help understand the purpose and advantages of this utility model, wherein: Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an embodiment of the present utility model; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the mounting base structure in an embodiment of this utility model; Figure 3 Corresponding to the embodiments of this utility model Figure 1 Enlarged view of a portion of point A in the middle.
[0017] The following are the labels in the diagram: 1. Perforated steel casing; 2. Mounting base; 3. Slider; 301. Sliding part; 302. Mounting part; 303. Adjusting rod; 4. Roller; 5. Turntable; 6. Second mounting hole; 7. Guide groove; 8. Connecting shaft; 9. Rotating motor; 10. Mounting column; 11. Mounting ring; 12. Slide rail; 13. Mounting plate; 14. Guide plate; 15. Inclined guide part; 16. Elastic protrusion. Detailed Implementation
[0018] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.
[0019] The directional terms such as up, down, left, right, front, back, front, back, top, and bottom mentioned or possibly used in this specification are defined relative to the construction shown in the accompanying drawings. The terms "inner" and "outer" refer to directions toward or away from the geometric center of a specific component, respectively. These are relative concepts and may therefore vary depending on their location and usage. Therefore, these or other directional terms should not be interpreted as restrictive.
[0020] refer to Figures 1 to 3 The present utility model embodiment discloses that: A positioning device for steel pipe columns in a foundation pit based on the reverse excavation method is used to fix steel pipe columns located in pile holes or within steel casing 1 of pile holes. The device includes a pile top positioning device and a pile bottom positioning device. The pile top positioning device includes a mounting base 2, on which a first mounting hole coaxially aligned with the steel casing 1 of the pile hole is formed. A slider 3 is slidably mounted on the mounting base 2, and a roller 4 is rotatably mounted on one end of the slider 3 facing the axis of the first mounting hole. A turntable 5 is rotatably mounted above the mounting base 2, and the turntable 5 has a second mounting hole coaxially aligned with the first mounting hole. 6. To allow the steel pipe column to enter, the turntable 5 has a guide groove 7, which is a curved groove extending from the inside to the outside. The distance from any point on the groove wall to the axis of the turntable 5 gradually increases with the increase of the spiral angle. A connecting shaft 8 is fixedly installed at the upper end of the slider 3. The upper end of the connecting shaft 8 passes through the guide groove 7. A rotating motor 9 is installed on one side of the mounting base 2. The output end of the rotating motor 9 is connected to the turntable 5 through a belt to drive the turntable 5 to rotate. When the turntable 5 rotates, the top end of the connecting shaft 8 moves along the guide groove. 7. Sliding, causing the slider 3 to approach or move away from the axis of the first mounting hole radially along the mounting hole; In this embodiment, by setting a pile top positioning device and a pile bottom positioning device, the synchronous positioning and fixing of the upper and lower ends of the steel pipe column are realized, effectively improving the verticality and centering accuracy of the steel pipe column installation; During operation, firstly, the steel casing 1 is inserted into the pile hole, then the pile top positioning device is installed at the pile hole entry end, and then the steel pipe column is vertically inserted into the pile hole from the second mounting hole 6. The rotating motor 9 is started, and the turntable 5 is driven to rotate through the belt. At this time, the guide groove 7 on the turntable 5... The connecting shaft 8 is a spiral groove that winds from the inside out. Its top end is embedded in the groove and slides along it as the turntable 5 rotates. Due to the structure of the guide groove 7, the radial position of the connecting shaft 8 changes accordingly, thereby driving the slider 3 to move radially along the mounting base 2. At this time, the roller 4 at the end of the slider 3 approaches or moves away from the steel pipe column, achieving clamping or loosening. By controlling the rotation direction of the turntable 5, the position of the roller 4 can be adjusted, ensuring accurate centering and fixing of the upper end of the steel pipe column. The entire process is driven by the rotating motor 9, resulting in a high degree of automation, reducing manual intervention, and improving construction efficiency and safety. Simultaneously, the roller 4 design reduces friction with the steel pipe column, preventing damage to its surface. Furthermore, the overall device structure in this embodiment is compact, making it suitable for space-constrained construction environments in reverse excavation methods.
[0021] At least three sliders 3 and guide grooves 7 are provided, and the sliders 3 and guide grooves 7 are arranged in a circular array. When the turntable 5 rotates, multiple connecting shafts 8 slide synchronously along their respective guide grooves 7, driving all sliders 3 to move radially at the same time. The circular array arrangement makes the rollers 4 evenly contact the outer wall of the steel pipe column from all sides, forming a concentric clamping force, forcing the steel pipe column to be in the center of the pile hole, while ensuring the uniform distribution of the clamping force, and avoiding the steel pipe column from being eccentric or tilted due to single-point force.
[0022] The mounting base 2 is provided with mounting posts 10 around its perimeter, and mounting rings 11 are provided on the mounting posts 10. The turntable 5 is rotatably disposed within the mounting rings 11 and is mounted above the mounting base 2 via the mounting rings 11. The mounting rings 11 are fixed to the mounting posts 10. The turntable 5 rotates within the mounting rings 11, which bear radial and axial loads to ensure the coaxiality of the turntable 5 with the first mounting hole. At the same time, the structure of the mounting posts 10 and the mounting rings 11 provides a stable support platform for the turntable 5, making the turntable 5 rotate more smoothly, reducing the risk of shaking and displacement, and improving the rigidity and durability of the positioning device.
[0023] A plurality of balls are provided between the mounting ring 11 and the turntable 5. The balls are distributed between the mounting ring 11 and the turntable 5 to form a bearing-like structure. When the turntable 5 rotates, the balls roll, thereby reducing friction loss and ensuring smooth rotation.
[0024] The roller 4 has an arc surface that fits the outer wall of the steel pipe column. This arc surface design increases the contact area, avoids local stress concentration caused by point contact, and protects the column surface from scratches. At the same time, the arc surface clamping provides a more stable gripping force, preventing the column from sliding after it is fixed.
[0025] The mounting base 2 is provided with a slide rail 12, the extension direction of which is consistent with the radial direction of the mounting hole. The slider 3 is slidably mounted on the slide rail 12. The slide rail 12 guides the slider 3 to move along the strict radial direction, avoiding the slider 3 from tilting or getting stuck during the sliding process, and ensuring the linearity and accuracy of the clamping action.
[0026] The slider 3 includes a sliding part 301 mounted on the slide rail 12 and a mounting part 302 disposed on the sliding part 301. The mounting part 302 is used to mount the roller 4. The mounting part 302 is configured to be radially displaceable relative to the sliding part 301 along the mounting hole. The sliding part 301 moves along the slide rail 12. By controlling the displacement of the mounting part 302 relative to the sliding part 301, the final position of the roller 4 can be independently adjusted. That is, the mounting part 302 is radially adjustable, allowing fine adjustment of the position of the roller 4, thereby adapting to steel pipe columns of different diameters or compensating for manufacturing tolerances, and enhancing the versatility and flexibility of the device.
[0027] An adjusting rod 303 is provided on the sliding part 301. The adjusting rod 303 is threadedly engaged with the sliding part 301. One end of the adjusting rod 303 is connected to the mounting part 302, and the adjusting rod 303 can rotate relative to the mounting part 302. A handwheel is provided at the other end of the adjusting rod 303. When the handwheel is rotated, the adjusting rod 303 rotates accordingly. Since the adjusting rod 303 is threadedly engaged with the sliding part 301, but the mounting part 302 allows the adjusting rod 303 to rotate without rotating, the rotation of the adjusting rod 303 is converted into a linear displacement of the mounting part 302, which in turn drives the roller 4 for radial fine adjustment.
[0028] The pile bottom positioning device includes an installation plate 13, which is used to install on the bottom of the steel casing 1 of the pile hole. The installation plate 13 is provided with a guide plate 14, which is arranged in a ring. The outer wall of the guide plate 14 is provided with an inclined guide part 15. Before the steel casing 1 is inserted into the pile hole, the pile bottom positioning device is installed at the lower end of the steel casing 1 and enters the pile hole with the steel casing 1. The guide plate 14 is arranged in a ring to form a conical inlet. When the steel pipe column falls, the lower end slides into the center position along the inclined guide part 15 to achieve bottom centering.
[0029] The inner wall of the mounting plate 13 is provided with an elastic protrusion 16 that cooperates with the steel casing 1 of the pile hole. The elastic protrusion 16 makes it easy to install the mounting plate 13 on the lower end of the steel casing 1 and provides friction fixation, thereby preventing the mounting plate 13 from loosening or shifting. During the reverse construction stage of the tunnel excavation, the steel casing 1 needs to be removed. At this time, since the lower end of the steel pipe column abuts against the mounting plate 13, the elastic protrusion 16 is compressed during the removal of the steel casing 1, and the mounting plate 13 disengages from the steel casing 1, so that the steel casing 1 can be pulled out smoothly. The mounting plate 13 and the guide plate 14 remain at the bottom of the pile hole and continue to provide positioning and support for the steel pipe column.
[0030] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of this utility model, and not to limit it. Although this utility model has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions recorded in the foregoing embodiments, or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features. Such modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of this utility model.
Claims
1. A positioning device for steel pipe columns in a foundation pit based on the reverse excavation method, used to fix steel pipe columns located in pile holes or within steel casings (1) of pile holes, characterized in that, It includes a pile top positioning device and a pile bottom positioning device, wherein the pile top positioning device includes: Mounting base (2), the mounting base (2) is provided with a first mounting hole coaxially arranged with the steel casing (1) of the pile hole; Slider (3), which is slidably disposed on the mounting base (2); Roller (4), the roller (4) is rotatably disposed at one end of the slider (3) facing the axis of the first mounting hole; Turntable (5), the turntable (5) is rotatably disposed above the mounting base (2), the turntable (5) is provided with a second mounting hole (6) coaxially disposed with the first mounting hole for the steel pipe column to enter, the turntable (5) is provided with a guide groove (7), the guide groove (7) is a curved groove that spirals from the inside to the outside, and the distance from any point on the groove wall to the axis of the turntable (5) gradually increases with the increase of the spiral angle; A connecting shaft (8) is fixedly disposed on the upper end of the slider (3), and the upper end of the connecting shaft (8) passes through the guide groove (7); A rotating motor (9) is provided on one side of the mounting base (2). The rotating motor (9) is connected to the turntable (5) via a belt to drive the turntable (5) to rotate. When the turntable (5) rotates, the top end of the connecting shaft (8) slides along the guide groove (7), causing the slider (3) to approach or move away from the axis of the first mounting hole radially.
2. The foundation pit steel pipe column positioning device based on the reverse construction method of cut-and-cover excavation as described in claim 1, characterized in that: At least three sliders (3) and guide grooves (7) are provided, and the sliders (3) and guide grooves (7) are arranged in a circular array.
3. The foundation pit steel pipe column positioning device based on the reverse construction method of cut-and-cover excavation as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The mounting base (2) is provided with mounting posts (10) around its periphery, and mounting rings (11) are provided on the mounting posts (10). The turntable (5) is rotatably disposed within the mounting rings (11).
4. The foundation pit steel pipe column positioning device based on the reverse construction method of cut-and-cover excavation as described in claim 3, characterized in that: A plurality of ball bearings are provided between the mounting ring (11) and the turntable (5).
5. A foundation pit steel pipe column positioning device based on the reverse construction method of cut-and-cover excavation as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The roller (4) has an arc surface that is adapted to the outer wall of the steel pipe column.
6. A foundation pit steel pipe column positioning device based on the reverse construction method of cut-and-cover excavation as described in claim 2, characterized in that: The mounting base (2) is provided with a slide rail (12), the extension direction of the slide rail (12) is consistent with the radial direction of the first mounting hole, and the slider (3) is slidably assembled on the slide rail (12).
7. A foundation pit steel pipe column positioning device based on the reverse construction method of cut-and-cover excavation as described in claim 6, characterized in that: The slider (3) includes a sliding part (301) mounted on the slide rail (12) and a mounting part (302) disposed on the sliding part (301). The mounting part (302) is used to mount the roller (4), wherein the mounting part (302) is configured to be displaceable radially relative to the sliding part (301) along the first mounting hole.
8. A foundation pit steel pipe column positioning device based on the reverse construction method of cut-and-cover excavation as described in claim 7, characterized in that: An adjusting rod (303) is provided on the sliding part (301). The adjusting rod (303) is threadedly engaged with the sliding part (301). One end of the adjusting rod (303) is connected to the mounting part (302), and the adjusting rod (303) can rotate relative to the mounting part (302). A handwheel is provided on the other end of the adjusting rod (303).
9. A positioning device for steel pipe columns in a foundation pit based on the reverse excavation method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pile bottom positioning device includes an installation plate (13), which is used to install on the bottom of the steel casing (1) of the pile hole. A guide plate (14) is provided on the installation plate (13). The guide plate (14) is arranged in a ring. An inclined guide part (15) is provided on the outer wall of the guide plate (14).
10. A foundation pit steel pipe column positioning device based on the reverse excavation method according to claim 9, characterized in that: The inner wall of the mounting plate (13) is provided with an elastic protrusion (16) that cooperates with the steel casing (1) of the pile hole.