Drainage support type building photovoltaic integrated roof

Abstract

The utility model discloses a drainage support formula building photovoltaic integration roof relates to building photovoltaic integration technical field, and the utility model discloses a steel structure support is connected with the roof rack on the top, and the roof rack top is equipped with the drainage groove, and the inside connection of drainage groove has the support foot, and the support foot top is fixed with the photovoltaic outer frame. The utility model discloses the setting of roof rack, drainage groove and photovoltaic outer frame, and the roof rack is fixed on the top of steel structure support through bolt or welding, and the drainage groove of its own can complete installation simultaneously, need not additional separate construction drainage component, and the construction process of drainage system is greatly simplified, and construction time and cost are reduced. Meanwhile, the protruding design of photovoltaic outer frame bottom side and top side makes photovoltaic outer frame when assembling can be in the tile type stack, and the joint height is higher than the water surface, and the water direction is opposite to the joint, reduces the probability that rainwater penetrates through the joint and infiltrates the roof, and the blocking influence of photovoltaic board illumination is less.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of building photovoltaic (BPV) technology, specifically a drainage bracket type BPV roof. Background Technology

[0002] Building-integrated photovoltaics (BIPV) is a technology that deeply integrates photovoltaic modules with building design and construction. By integrating photovoltaic panels into the building's roof, walls, and other external envelope structures, the building can generate photovoltaic power while fulfilling basic functions such as providing shelter from wind and rain. It can effectively utilize building surface space, reduce additional land occupation, and achieve "self-generation and self-consumption, energy conservation and emission reduction," which aligns with the current trend of promoting clean energy and developing low-carbon buildings.

[0003] Bracketed photovoltaic (PV) roofs are a common application type of building-integrated photovoltaics (BIPV). Their core principle is to use steel frame supports and other structural members to fix the PV frame and internal PV panels to the building's roof. This method eliminates the need for large-scale modifications to the building's main structure, making it particularly suitable for retrofitting PV systems onto existing buildings. By adjusting the bracket layout and angle, it can adapt to different roof shapes, enabling rapid installation and fixation of the PV modules.

[0004] In actual construction, existing bracket-type photovoltaic roofs often have seams on all four sides of the photovoltaic panels. To prevent water leakage, it is necessary to install horizontal and vertical drainage channels and multi-level drainage structures such as preliminary and main drainage channels. This results in a complicated drainage system, many construction procedures, and long construction time, thereby increasing construction costs. Utility Model Content

[0005] Therefore, the purpose of this utility model is to provide a drainage bracket-type building photovoltaic integrated roof to solve the technical problems mentioned in the background art.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides the following technical solution: a drainage bracket type building photovoltaic integrated roof, including a steel structure bracket, a top frame connected to the top of the steel structure bracket, and a drainage groove opened on the top of the top frame. A support leg is connected inside the drainage groove, and a photovoltaic outer frame is fixed on the top of the support leg. A limit frame is fixed on the outer surface of the support leg, and a limit bolt is fixed on the outer surface of the top frame. A limit plate and a limit nut are respectively sleeved on the outside of the limit bolt.

[0007] By adopting the above technical solution, a steel structure bracket serves as the basic load-bearing structure for the overall photovoltaic roof, providing stable support for the top frame. The top frame has its own drainage channel, which can be constructed simultaneously with the installation of the top frame, eliminating the need for additional drainage components and greatly simplifying the construction process. The support feet achieve vertical support and positioning of the photovoltaic frame through the drainage channel, avoiding the need for additional support structures. The limiting frame, limiting bolts, limiting plates, and limiting nuts work together to form a stable limiting system for the photovoltaic frame, reducing the possibility of displacement or loosening of the photovoltaic frame due to external forces or long-term use. This comprehensively solves the problems of cumbersome and unstable drainage systems in existing bracket-type photovoltaic roofs.

[0008] Furthermore, a photovoltaic panel is installed inside the photovoltaic frame.

[0009] By adopting the above technical solution, the photovoltaic frame serves as the installation carrier for the photovoltaic panels, integrating the photovoltaic panels into the roof structure. This combines the basic function of the building roof in providing shelter from wind and rain with the clean energy function of photovoltaic power generation, aligning with the technical goal of building-integrated photovoltaics. It effectively utilizes the building roof space to generate electricity, contributing to energy conservation and emission reduction.

[0010] Furthermore, a baffle is connected to one side of the top of the top frame, and a rainwater trough is connected to one side of the bottom of the top frame, with a rainwater pipe connected to the bottom of the rainwater trough.

[0011] By adopting the above technical solutions, the baffle can protect the top edge of the roof frame and reduce rainwater seepage from the top side of the roof frame; the rainwater gutter can collect rainwater flowing out of the drainage trough, and the rainwater pipe guides the rainwater collected by the rainwater gutter to the ground drainage system. The three work together to build a complete drainage link from roof water collection to final discharge, reducing the retention and accumulation of rainwater on the roof.

[0012] Furthermore, the drainage channel is connected to the rainwater channel, and the baffle has an "L" shaped cross-section.

[0013] By adopting the above technical solution, the connection between the drainage ditch and the rainwater ditch can ensure that the rainwater collected in the drainage ditch can flow smoothly into the rainwater ditch, avoiding water accumulation in the drainage ditch; a raised structure can be formed on the top side of the L-shaped baffle, which cooperates with the raised structure on the bottom side of the photovoltaic frame to enhance the sealing of the joint between the top frame and the photovoltaic frame, reducing the probability of rainwater seeping in from the joint.

[0014] Furthermore, the photovoltaic frame has protrusions on both the bottom and top sides.

[0015] By adopting the above technical solution, the raised structure allows adjacent photovoltaic frames to be stacked and assembled in a roof tile style. After stacking, the height of the joint of the photovoltaic frame is higher than the roof water flow surface, and the direction of rainwater flow on the roof is opposite to the direction of the joint, which can significantly reduce the situation of rainwater seeping into the roof through the joint. At the same time, this stacking method causes less shading of the photovoltaic panel surface, which can reduce the impact on the photovoltaic panel power generation efficiency.

[0016] Furthermore, the bottom of the limiting frame is provided with a groove, and the width of the groove is greater than the diameter of the limiting bolt.

[0017] By adopting the above technical solution, the groove allows the limiting frame to be precisely engaged with the limiting bolt, which facilitates quick positioning of the limiting frame during construction and improves installation efficiency. At the same time, the cooperation between the groove and the limiting bolt can limit the horizontal displacement of the limiting frame, prevent the support feet and photovoltaic frame from shifting laterally due to external forces, and enhance the positional stability of the photovoltaic frame after installation.

[0018] Furthermore, the limiting frame has a "J" shaped cross section, and the limiting plate abuts against the limiting frame, while the limiting nut abuts against the limiting plate.

[0019] By adopting the above technical solution, the J-shaped structure enables the limiting frame to fit and engage with the limiting plate, preventing the limiting frame from falling upwards. When the limiting nut is tightened, the pressure is transmitted to the limiting frame through the limiting plate. The limiting plate can distribute the single-point pressure of the limiting nut into a surface pressure acting on the limiting frame, improving the uniformity of force distribution and the limiting stability of the limiting frame. At the same time, this structure is easy to disassemble, facilitating the subsequent maintenance and replacement of photovoltaic modules.

[0020] Furthermore, the photovoltaic frame and photovoltaic panel are tilted.

[0021] By adopting the above technical solution, the inclined structure can accelerate the flow of rainwater on the photovoltaic frame and the surface of the photovoltaic panel, shorten the residence time of rainwater on the roof, reduce the amount of rainwater accumulation on the roof, thereby reducing the risk of roof leakage caused by roof water accumulation and further optimizing the roof drainage effect.

[0022] Furthermore, the limiting bolt is a friction-type high-strength bolt, and the limiting bolt is fixedly connected to the top frame by welding.

[0023] By adopting the above technical solutions, friction-type high-strength bolts have excellent shear and pull-out resistance, and can withstand the dynamic forces generated by wind loads and temperature changes of roof photovoltaic modules for a long time. Welding fixation makes the limiting bolts and the top frame form an integrated structure, avoiding loosening of the limiting bolts during long-term use, and providing a reliable foundation for the stable fixation of the limiting frame and photovoltaic outer frame.

[0024] In summary, the present invention has the following main advantages: 1. This utility model, through the setting of a top frame, drainage channel and photovoltaic outer frame, the top frame is fixed to the top of the steel structure support by bolts or welding. Its built-in drainage channel can be installed at the same time, without the need for additional drainage components, which greatly simplifies the construction process of the drainage system and reduces construction time and cost. At the same time, the protruding design on the bottom and top sides of the photovoltaic outer frame allows the photovoltaic outer frame to be stacked like roof tiles during assembly. The joint height is higher than the water flow surface and the water flow direction is opposite to the joint, which reduces the probability of rainwater seeping into the roof through the joint and has less impact on the shading of the photovoltaic panel. 2. This utility model, through the setting of support feet, limiting frame, limiting plate, limiting bolts and limiting nuts, the support feet are located inside the drainage groove, which can directly provide support for the photovoltaic frame without the need for additional support structure, which facilitates the accurate positioning and placement of the photovoltaic frame on the top of the top frame; the groove at the bottom of the limiting frame can be adapted to the limiting bolt, reducing the movement after the limiting frame is placed; the limiting plate can distribute the pressure of the limiting nut from a single point to the surface area of ​​the limiting frame, improving the limiting stability and reducing the displacement and loosening of the photovoltaic frame due to unstable fixing, and facilitating subsequent disassembly, replacement and maintenance. Attached Figure Description

[0025] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the top frame of this utility model; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the steel structure support of this utility model; Figure 3 For the present utility model Figure 1 Enlarged view of the structure at point A in the image; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the side structure of the photovoltaic outer frame of this utility model; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the exploded structure of the photovoltaic outer frame of this utility model.

[0026] In the diagram: 1. Steel structure support; 2. Top frame; 3. Drainage trough; 4. Rainwater trough; 5. Rainwater pipe; 6. Photovoltaic frame; 7. Photovoltaic panel; 8. Support leg; 9. Limiting frame; 10. Limiting plate; 11. Limiting bolt; 12. Limiting nut; 13. Baffle. Detailed Implementation

[0027] The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0028] The embodiments of this utility model will be described below based on its overall structure.

[0029] Example 1:

[0030] A type of drainage-supported building photovoltaic integrated roof, such as Figures 1-5 As shown, the system includes a steel structure support 1, with a top frame 2 connected to the top of the support 1. The top frame 2 has a drainage channel 3 on its top. Construction workers fix the top frame 2 to the top of the steel structure support 1 using bolts or welding. Since the top frame 2 has its own pre-installed drainage channel 3, the drainage channel 3 is installed simultaneously with the top frame 2, eliminating the need for separate installation of drainage components and significantly simplifying the drainage system construction process. Support legs 8 are connected inside the drainage channel 3. Workers place the photovoltaic frame 6, which contains photovoltaic panels 7, on top of the top frame 2. The support legs 8 directly provide vertical support for the photovoltaic frame 6, eliminating the need for an additional independent support structure. A photovoltaic frame 6 is fixed to the top of the foot 8. The photovoltaic frame 6 has protrusions on both its bottom and top sides. These protrusions on the bottom (near the rainwater trough 4) and top (near the center of the top frame 2) sides of the photovoltaic frame 6 allow the photovoltaic modules to be stacked like roof tiles after installation. The L-shaped baffle 13 forms a protrusion on the top side that has the same effect as the protrusion on the top side of the photovoltaic frame 6. In this roof-tile stacked photovoltaic frame 6, the joint height is higher than the water surface and the water flow direction is opposite to the joint, reducing the probability of rainwater seeping into the roof through the joint. The stacked structure also has less impact on the shading of the photovoltaic panels 7, balancing waterproofing and power generation efficiency. A limiting frame 9 is fixed to the outer surface of the support leg 8. The limiting frame 9 has a "J"-shaped cross-section. A limiting bolt 11 is fixed to the outer surface of the top frame 2. A groove is opened at the bottom of the limiting frame 9. The width of the groove is greater than the diameter of the limiting bolt 11. Because the width of the groove is greater than the diameter of the limiting bolt 11, the bottom groove of the limiting frame 9 is aligned with the limiting bolt 11 and engages, realizing the precise positioning and stable placement of the photovoltaic outer frame 6 on the top of the top frame 2. After placement, the limiting frame 9, together with the limiting bolt 11, effectively reduces the displacement of the limiting frame 9, the support leg 8, and the photovoltaic outer frame 6. A limiting plate 10 and a limiting nut 12 are respectively fitted on the outside of the limiting bolt 11. The limiting plate 10 abuts against the limiting frame 9, and the limiting nut 12... The limiting plate 10 abuts against the limiting bolt 11. The worker puts the limiting plate 10 on the outside of the limiting bolt 11. The limiting plate 10 has a waist-shaped hole on its surface. Therefore, after the limiting plate 10 is put on the outside of the limiting bolt 11, it can move down into the top of the J-shaped limiting frame 9, so that the limiting frame 9 is hooked by the limiting plate 10. Finally, the construction worker puts the limiting nut 12 on the outside of the limiting bolt 11 and tightens it. The limiting plate 10 distributes the single-point pressure of the limiting nut 12 to the surface area of ​​the limiting frame 9, and can be hooked by the limiting frame 9 to prevent the limiting frame 9 from falling upward. This greatly improves the limiting stability of the limiting frame 9 and the photovoltaic outer frame 6, and reduces the displacement and loosening of the photovoltaic outer frame 6 due to unstable limiting.

[0031] See Figures 1-3In the above embodiment, a photovoltaic panel 7 is installed inside the photovoltaic frame 6. A baffle 13 is connected to one side of the top of the top frame 2. The baffle 13 has an "L" shaped cross section. A rainwater trough 4 is connected to one side of the bottom of the top frame 2. The drainage trough 3 is connected to the rainwater trough 4. A rainwater pipe 5 is connected to the bottom of the rainwater trough 4. The construction workers install the baffle 13 and the rainwater trough 4 with bolts and install the rainwater pipe 5 at the bottom of the rainwater trough 4, so that the drainage trough 3 on the top frame 2 is connected to the rainwater trough 4. This creates a complete drainage path where the drainage trough 3 collects water, the rainwater trough 4 collects water, and the rainwater pipe 5 drains water, ensuring that rainwater on the roof can flow out in an orderly manner and reducing the occurrence of water accumulation on the top of the photovoltaic roof.

[0032] Example 2:

[0033] Based on the above embodiment one, the following settings are now implemented to accelerate the drainage effect.

[0034] See Figures 1-3 In the above embodiments, the photovoltaic frame 6 and the photovoltaic panel 7 are inclined. By inclining, the flow speed of rainwater on the surface of the photovoltaic frame 6 is accelerated, the amount and time of rainwater accumulation on the roof are reduced, thereby reducing the occurrence of roof leakage caused by water accumulation and further optimizing the drainage effect.

[0035] Example 3:

[0036] Based on the above embodiment one, the following settings are now implemented to increase connection stability.

[0037] See Figure 2 , Figure 4 and Figure 5 In the above embodiment, the limiting bolt is a friction type high-strength bolt. The friction type high-strength bolt relies on the friction force generated by the bolt preload to transmit the load. It has strong pull-out and shear resistance and excellent fatigue resistance. It can adapt to the dynamic loads generated by wind load and temperature changes during long-term use of the photovoltaic frame 6. The limiting bolt 11 is fixedly connected to the top frame 2 by welding. The welding fixation makes the limiting bolt 11 and the top frame 2 form an inseparable whole, increasing the structural stability.

[0038] The implementation principle of this utility model is as follows: First, the construction personnel fix the steel structure bracket 1 to the preset position on the top of the building with high-strength bolts, thus building the basic support structure of the entire photovoltaic roof and providing a stable bearing foundation for the subsequent installation of components. Then, the construction personnel fix the top frame 2 to the top of the steel structure bracket 1 by bolt connection or welding. Since the top frame 2 has a pre-set drainage channel 3, the drainage channel 3 is constructed simultaneously with the installation of the top frame 2, eliminating the need for additional separate installation procedures for drainage components and greatly simplifying the construction process of the drainage system. Afterward, the construction personnel install the baffle 13 and the rainwater channel 4 with bolts, and install the rainwater pipe 5 at the bottom of the rainwater channel 4, so that the drainage channel 3 on the top frame 2 is connected to the rainwater channel 4, thus constructing a complete drainage channel where the drainage channel 3 collects water, the rainwater channel 4 collects water, and the rainwater pipe 5 drains water, ensuring that the rainwater on the roof can flow out in an orderly manner and reducing the occurrence of water accumulation on the top of the photovoltaic roof. The limiting bolt 11, a friction-type high-strength bolt, is pre-fixed to the top frame 2 by welding. Next, the photovoltaic frame 6, with photovoltaic panels 7 installed, is placed on top of the top frame 2. The support feet 8 directly provide vertical support for the photovoltaic frame 6, eliminating the need for an additional independent support structure. Because the groove width is greater than the diameter of the limiting bolt 11, the bottom groove of the limiting frame 9 aligns with the limiting bolt 11 and engages, achieving precise positioning and stable placement of the photovoltaic frame 6 on top of the top frame 2. After placement, the limiting frame 9, in conjunction with the limiting bolt 11, effectively reduces displacement of the limiting frame 9, support feet 8, and photovoltaic frame 6. Then, the limiting plate 10 is fitted onto the limiting bolt 11. Externally, the surface of the limiting plate 10 has a waist-shaped hole. Therefore, after the limiting plate 10 is fitted outside the limiting bolt 11, it can be moved down into the top of the J-shaped limiting frame 9, so that the limiting frame 9 is hooked by the limiting plate 10. Finally, the construction personnel put the limiting nut 12 on the outside of the limiting bolt 11 and tighten it. The limiting plate 10 distributes the single-point pressure of the limiting nut 12 to the surface area of ​​the limiting frame 9, and can be hooked by the limiting frame 9 to prevent the limiting frame 9 from falling upward. This greatly improves the limiting stability of the limiting frame 9 and the photovoltaic outer frame 6, reduces the displacement and loosening of the photovoltaic outer frame 6 due to unstable limiting. Moreover, the assembly method of this limiting structure is simple, which facilitates the subsequent disassembly, replacement and maintenance of photovoltaic modules. During use, the photovoltaic outer frame 6 utilizes pre-set protruding structures on both the bottom side (near the rainwater trough 4) and the top side (near the center of the roof frame 2) to create a roof tile-like stacked arrangement of the photovoltaic modules after installation. Simultaneously, the L-shaped baffle 13 forms a top-side protrusion with the same effect as the pre-set protruding structure on the top side of the photovoltaic outer frame 6. In this roof tile-like stacked photovoltaic outer frame 6, the joint height is higher than the water flow surface, and the water flow direction is opposite to the joint, reducing the probability of rainwater seeping into the roof through the joint. Furthermore, the stacked structure effectively blocks sunlight from the photovoltaic panels 7. The design minimizes the impact of water blockage while balancing waterproofing and power generation efficiency. Furthermore, the photovoltaic frame 6 and the internal photovoltaic panels 7 are tilted, which accelerates the flow of rainwater on the surface of the photovoltaic frame 6, reducing the amount and duration of rainwater accumulation on the roof. This reduces the likelihood of roof leaks caused by water accumulation and further optimizes drainage. The power cord of the photovoltaic panel 7 extends from the blank area at the bottom of the photovoltaic frame 6, avoiding the area where the drainage channel 3 is located. This prevents the power cord from interfering with drainage or causing malfunctions due to prolonged contact with rainwater, and also facilitates wiring.

[0039] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, these specific embodiments are merely explanations of the present invention and are not intended to limit the invention. The specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples. After reading this specification, those skilled in the art may make modifications, substitutions, and variations to the embodiments as needed without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, provided that such modifications, substitutions, and variations are within the scope of the claims of the present invention and are protected by patent law.

Claims

1. A drainage-supported building photovoltaic integrated roof, comprising a steel structure support (1), characterized in that: The steel structure support (1) is connected to a top frame (2) at the top, and a drainage groove (3) is provided on the top of the top frame (2). A support foot (8) is connected inside the drainage groove (3), and a photovoltaic outer frame (6) is fixed on the top of the support foot (8). A limit frame (9) is fixed on the outer surface of the support foot (8), and a limit bolt (11) is fixed on the outer surface of the top frame (2). A limit plate (10) and a limit nut (12) are respectively sleeved on the outside of the limit bolt (11).

2. The drainage-supported building-integrated photovoltaic roof according to claim 1, characterized in that: The photovoltaic frame (6) is equipped with a photovoltaic panel (7).

3. The drainage-supported building photovoltaic integrated roof according to claim 1, characterized in that: A baffle (13) is connected to one side of the top of the top frame (2), and a rainwater trough (4) is connected to one side of the bottom of the top frame (2), and a rainwater pipe (5) is connected to the bottom of the rainwater trough (4).

4. The drainage-supported building photovoltaic integrated roof according to claim 3, characterized in that: The drainage channel (3) is connected to the rainwater channel (4), and the cross section of the baffle (13) is "L" shaped.

5. The drainage-supported building-integrated photovoltaic roof according to claim 1, characterized in that: The photovoltaic frame (6) has protrusions on both the bottom and top sides.

6. The drainage-supported building-integrated photovoltaic roof according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom of the limiting frame (9) has a groove, and the width of the groove is greater than the diameter of the limiting bolt (11).

7. The drainage-supported building photovoltaic integrated roof according to claim 6, characterized in that: The limiting frame (9) has a "J" shaped cross section, and the limiting plate (10) abuts against the limiting frame (9), and the limiting nut (12) abuts against the limiting plate (10).

8. The drainage-supported building photovoltaic integrated roof according to claim 2, characterized in that: The photovoltaic frame (6) and photovoltaic panel (7) are set at an angle.

9. The drainage-supported building photovoltaic integrated roof according to claim 6, characterized in that: The limiting bolt is a friction type high-strength bolt, and the limiting bolt (11) is fixedly connected to the top frame (2) by welding.

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