A square access cover

Abstract

A square orifice cover plate comprises a cover plate body and a linkage mechanism; the cover plate body is a square structure adapted to an orifice and is composed of a block half cover plate and a block quarter cover plate, the block half cover plate and the block quarter cover plate jointly cover the whole orifice; the linkage mechanism is connected with the half cover plate and the quarter cover plate respectively and is used for driving the half cover plate and the quarter cover plate to open and close synchronously or independently, so that the orifice is opened and closed. The utility model adopts a modularized splicing structure, compared with a traditional integral square cover plate, the weight of a single cover plate is greatly reduced, a single person can complete the opening and closing operation, a plurality of persons are not needed to cooperate or hoisting tools are not needed to be used, and the operation efficiency in the frequent opening and closing scene of the orifice is obviously improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of orifice safety isolation and protection technology, and specifically relates to a square orifice cover plate. Background Technology

[0002] In industrial production, building maintenance, power engineering, and municipal facilities, square openings (such as equipment inspection holes, cable well holes, personnel access holes, and underground facility inspection holes) are critical nodes for ensuring the normal operation of facilities, personnel work, and pipeline laying. These openings typically require covers to maintain normal closure, preventing personnel from falling in or foreign objects from entering, while also protecting the facilities inside from external environmental corrosion (such as rainwater and dust). However, when equipment inspection, personnel access, or pipeline maintenance is required, the covers must be quickly opened to ensure convenient operation.

[0003] Most existing square cover plates are one-piece structures, requiring the entire plate to be lifted or flipped to open the orifice. On the one hand, one-piece cover plates are heavy (especially large-sized orifice cover plates), making them difficult for a single person to operate. Multiple people are needed to work together or with the help of hoisting tools, which not only consumes manpower but also prolongs the orifice opening time, making them unsuitable for scenarios with frequent opening and closing. On the other hand, one-piece cover plates occupy a large space above the orifice after opening. If there are obstacles around the orifice (such as equipment or pipelines), they cannot be fully opened, affecting the entry and exit of workers and the transportation of tools, thus limiting their adaptability. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by this utility model is to provide a square orifice cover. This utility model adopts a modular splicing structure, which significantly reduces the weight of a single cover compared with the traditional integral square cover. A single person can complete the opening and closing operation without the need for multiple people to cooperate or to use hoisting tools, thus significantly improving the operating efficiency in scenarios where orifices are frequently opened and closed.

[0005] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the technical solution adopted by this utility model is as follows: A square orifice cover plate includes a cover plate body and a linkage mechanism. The cover plate body is a square structure adapted to the orifice, composed of one half cover plate and two quarter cover plates spliced ​​together, with the one half cover plate and the two quarter cover plates together covering the entire area of ​​the orifice. The linkage mechanism is connected to the half cover plate and the quarter cover plate respectively, and is used to drive the half cover plate and the quarter cover plate to open and close synchronously or independently, so as to realize the opening and closing of the orifice.

[0006] Preferably, the half-cover plate is a rectangular plate structure with an area of ​​1 / 2 of the total area of ​​the square cover plate body; the back of the half-cover plate is connected to the linkage mechanism and rotates around the connection point of the linkage mechanism during the opening and closing process; Ventilation holes can be selectively provided on the half-cover plate, and the ventilation holes are spaced apart along the length of the half-cover plate.

[0007] Preferably, the quarter cover plate is a rectangular, right-angled trapezoidal or square plate structure, and the area of ​​a single quarter cover plate is 1 / 4 of the total area of ​​the square cover plate body; two quarter cover plates are symmetrically distributed on the same side of the half cover plate, and the back of each quarter cover plate is connected to the linkage mechanism, and rotates around the connection point of the linkage mechanism during the opening and closing process.

[0008] Preferably, the linkage mechanism includes a supporting crossbeam, a supporting diagonal rod, a fixed hinge seat, and a sliding support hinge; The supporting beam is a square profile, with one end connected to the sliding support hinge and the other end connected to the supporting diagonal rod; The lower end of the supporting diagonal rod is hinged to the fixed hinge seat, and the upper end is linked to the supporting crossbeam. The fixed hinge seat is fixed to the orifice foundation component, and the sliding support hinge is adapted to the upright of the orifice fence. The sliding support hinge moves by the lifting and lowering of the upright of the orifice fence, which in turn drives the support beam to flip, thereby realizing the opening and closing of the cover plate body.

[0009] The posts of the orifice fence include the fence posts with locks and the fence posts.

[0010] Preferably, one end of the support beam has a first pin mounting hole, which is adapted to the connection hole of the sliding support hinge through the pin; the other end of the support beam has a second pin mounting hole, which is connected to the upper end of the support diagonal rod through the pin; the upper surface of the support beam is fixedly connected to the lower surface of the cover plate body, and a reinforcing rib is provided between the cover plate body and the support beam, with the reinforcing ribs spaced apart along the length of the support beam.

[0011] Preferably, the lower end of the support rod is provided with a third pin mounting hole, which is adapted to the hinge groove of the fixed hinge seat through the pin; the upper end of the support rod is provided with a fourth pin mounting hole, and a rotation transfer groove is provided next to the fourth pin mounting hole. The rotation transfer groove is used to avoid the flipping movement of the support beam and prevent the support rod from interfering with the support beam.

[0012] Preferably, the sliding support hinge includes an avoidance sliding support hinge and a through sliding support hinge; The avoidance sliding support hinge has a first through hole for fitting onto the fence with a locking post at the opening, and the avoidance sliding support hinge has an avoidance space for avoiding the unlocking parts of the fence. The through sliding support hinge has a second through hole for fitting onto the fence post of the orifice fence; both the avoidance sliding support hinge and the through sliding support hinge have connecting pin holes at their upper ends, which are connected to the first pin mounting hole of the support beam through the pin.

[0013] Preferably, the fixed hinge base includes a mounting plate, a connecting hole, and a hinge groove; the mounting plate is fixed to the bracket at the opening through a connector; the hinge groove is provided with a swing angle θ, which is the maximum swing angle of the support rod from the fully closed to the fully open state of the cover plate, used to limit the movement stroke of the support rod and ensure the stability of the support when the cover plate body is fully closed.

[0014] Preferably, the half-cover plate and the quarter-cover plate are made of steel, using a solid steel plate or a hollow steel grating structure.

[0015] When solid steel plates are used, the lower surface of the cover plate body is welded and fixed to the supporting beam; when perforated steel grating is used, the frame of the cover plate body needs to be reinforced with stiffeners and welded and fixed to the supporting beam.

[0016] Preferably, the linkage mechanisms driving the half-cover plate and the quarter-cover plate have identical structures, and the linkage mechanisms of the quarter-cover plates are symmetrically distributed; the synchronous driving linkage mechanism is used to realize the synchronous upward lifting and opening of the half-cover plate and the quarter-cover plate, or the synchronous downward lowering and closing, to ensure that the movement of the cover plate body is coordinated and does not interfere during the opening and closing of the orifice.

[0017] The present invention can achieve the following beneficial effects: 1. This utility model adopts a modular splicing structure of "1 half cover plate + 2 quarter cover plates". Compared with the traditional integral square cover plate, it greatly reduces the weight of a single cover plate. A single person can complete the opening and closing operation without the need for multiple people to cooperate or to use hoisting tools, which significantly improves the operating efficiency in scenarios where the opening and closing of the orifice are frequently opened and closed.

[0018] 2. The linkage mechanism, through the coordinated operation of the supporting beam, supporting diagonal rod, fixed hinge seat and sliding support hinge, transforms the lifting and lowering action of the fence upright into the flipping action of the cover plate. There is no need to operate the cover plate separately, realizing the synchronous linkage of "fence lifting and lowering, cover plate opening and closing". Attached Figure Description

[0019] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments: Figure 1 This is a structural diagram of the square cover plate of this utility model; Figure 2 This is a diagram illustrating the effect of using this utility model (in the open state). Figure 3 This is a structural diagram of the fixed hinge seat of this utility model. Figure 4 This is a diagram illustrating the effect of using this utility model (in the off state); Figure 5 This is a structural diagram of the supporting beam of this utility model; Figure 6 This is a structural diagram of the supporting diagonal bar of this utility model; Figure 7 This is a structural diagram of the fixed hinge seat of this utility model; Figure 8 This is a structural diagram of the sliding support hinge structure of this utility model; Figure 9 This is a structural diagram of the through-sliding support hinge of this utility model; Figure 10 This is a structural diagram of the drive ring of this utility model; Figure 11 This is a front view of the present invention in its unfolded state; Figure 12 This is a top view of the present invention in its unfolded state.

[0020] In the diagram: 130-Half cover plate; 130-1-Ventilation hole; 131-Quarter cover plate; 10-Support beam; 10-1-First pin mounting hole; 10-2-Second pin mounting hole; 11-Support diagonal rod; 11-1-Third pin mounting hole; 11-2-Fourth pin mounting hole; 11-3-Rotation transfer groove; 12-Fixed hinge seat; 12-1-Mounting plate; 12-2-Connecting hole; 12-3- Hinge groove; 80-Avoidance sliding support hinge; 80-1-First through hole; 80-4-Avoidance space; 81-Straight through sliding support hinge; 81-1-Second through hole; 42-Fence with locking upright; 43-Fence upright; 90-Fixing ring; 90-1-Auxiliary tool mounting hole; 90-2-Fixing ring external thread; 91-Adjusting ring; 91-1-Auxiliary tool mounting hole; 91-2-Adjusting ring internal thread; 1-Hole bracket. Detailed Implementation

[0021] Example 1: Preferred solutions include Figures 1 to 12 As shown, a square orifice cover plate includes a cover plate body and a linkage mechanism. The cover plate body is a square structure adapted to the orifice, composed of one half-cover plate 130 and two quarter-cover plates 131 spliced ​​together. The one half-cover plate 130 and the two quarter-cover plates 131 together cover the entire area of ​​the orifice. The linkage mechanism is connected to the half-cover plate 130 and the quarter-cover plates 131 respectively, and is used to drive the half-cover plate 130 and the quarter-cover plates 131 to open and close synchronously or independently, so as to realize the opening and closing of the orifice.

[0022] The half-cover plate 130 is a rectangular plate structure with an area of ​​1 / 2 of the total area of ​​the square cover plate body. The back of the half-cover plate 130 is connected to the linkage mechanism and rotates around the connection point of the linkage mechanism during opening and closing. Ventilation holes 130-1 can be selectively opened on the half-cover plate 130. The ventilation holes 130-1 are distributed at intervals along the length of the half-cover plate 130. The diameter of the ventilation holes 130-1 is 5-10mm and the spacing between adjacent ventilation holes is 30-50mm.

[0023] The quarter cover plate 131 is a rectangular plate structure, and the area of ​​a single quarter cover plate 131 is 1 / 4 of the total area of ​​the square cover plate body; two quarter cover plates 131 are symmetrically distributed on the same side of the half cover plate 130, and the back of each quarter cover plate 131 is connected to the linkage mechanism, and rotates around the connection point of the linkage mechanism during the opening and closing process.

[0024] The linkage mechanism includes a support beam 10, a support diagonal rod 11, a fixed hinge seat 12, and a sliding support hinge. The support beam 10 is a rectangular profile with a cross-sectional dimension of 30mm × 50mm. One end is connected to the sliding support hinge, and the other end is connected to the support diagonal rod 11. The support diagonal rod 11 is a rectangular profile with a cross-sectional dimension of 20mm × 50mm. The lower end is hinged to the fixed hinge seat 12, and the upper end is linked to the support beam 10. The fixed hinge seat 12 is fixed to the orifice foundation component. The sliding support hinge is adapted to the upright of the orifice enclosure. The movement of the sliding support hinge is driven by the lifting and lowering of the upright of the orifice enclosure, which in turn drives the support beam 10 to rotate, thereby realizing the opening and closing of the cover plate body.

[0025] The uprights of the orifice fence include fence uprights with locks 42 and fence uprights 43.

[0026] One end of the support beam 10 has a first pin mounting hole 10-1 with a diameter of 12mm, which is adapted to the connection hole of the sliding support hinge through a pin; the other end of the support beam 10 has a second pin mounting hole 10-2 with a diameter of 12mm, which is connected to the upper end of the support diagonal rod 11 through a pin; the upper surface of the support beam 10 is fixedly connected to the lower surface of the cover plate body, and a reinforcing rib is provided between the cover plate body and the support beam 10. The reinforcing rib is a steel plate with a thickness of 10mm, and is spaced along the length of the support beam 10 at intervals of 200-300mm.

[0027] The lower end of the support diagonal rod 11 is provided with a third pin mounting hole 11-1 with a diameter of 12mm, which is adapted to the hinge groove 12-3 of the fixed hinge seat 12 through the pin; the upper end of the support diagonal rod 11 is provided with a fourth pin mounting hole 11-2 with a diameter of 12mm, and a rotation transfer groove 11-3 is provided next to the fourth pin mounting hole 11-2. The width of the rotation transfer groove 11-3 is 20mm, which is used to avoid the flipping movement of the support beam 10 and prevent the support diagonal rod 11 from interfering with the support beam 10.

[0028] The sliding support hinge includes a clearance sliding support hinge 80 and a through sliding support hinge 81. The clearance sliding support hinge 80 has a first through hole 80-1, with a diameter approximately 1 mm larger than the diameter of the fence locking post 42, for fitting onto the fence locking post 42 at the opening. The clearance sliding support hinge 80 also has a clearance space 80-4, approximately 30 mm wide, for clearance of the fence unlocking components. The through sliding support hinge 81 has a second through hole 81-1, with a diameter approximately 1 mm larger than the diameter of the fence post 43, for fitting onto the fence post 43 at the opening. Both the clearance sliding support hinge 80 and the through sliding support hinge 81 have a connecting pin hole at their upper ends, with a diameter of 12 mm, for connection to the first pin mounting hole 10-1 of the support beam 10 via a pin.

[0029] The fixed hinge base 12 includes a mounting plate 12-1, a connecting hole 12-2, and a hinge groove 12-3; the mounting plate 12-1 is a 10mm thick steel plate, which is fixed to the bracket 1 at the opening by M12 bolts; the hinge groove 12-3 is provided with a swing angle θ, which is the swing angle of the support rod 11 from the fully closed to the fully open state of the cover plate, and is used to limit the movement stroke of the support rod 11 to ensure the stability of the support when the cover plate body is fully closed.

[0030] The half-cover plate 130 and the quarter-cover plate 131 can be made of stainless steel, Q235 steel, etc. When solid steel plates are used, the lower surface of the cover plate body is welded and fixed to the supporting beam 10, and the weld height is 5mm. When perforated steel grating is used, the frame of the cover plate body needs to be reinforced with stiffeners and welded and fixed to the supporting beam 10, and the weld height is 5mm.

[0031] The linkage mechanism for driving the half-cover plate 130 and the quarter-cover plate 131 is completely identical, and the linkage mechanisms of the two quarter-cover plates 131 are symmetrically distributed. Through the synchronous driving linkage mechanism, the half-cover plate 130 and the quarter-cover plate 131 are synchronously lifted upward to open, or synchronously lowered downward to close, ensuring that the movement of the cover plate body is coordinated and does not interfere during the opening and closing of the orifice.

[0032] Furthermore, to prevent the sliding support hinge 80 and the through sliding support hinge 81 from sliding, a drive ring can be selectively added. This drive ring is installed at the matching positions of the fence locking post 42 and the fence post 43 to drive the sliding support hinge 8, thereby achieving effective opening and closing of the cover plate device. The drive ring consists of a fixed ring 90 and an adjusting ring 91. The fixed ring 90 is fixed to the post by welding. The adjusting ring 91 is used to finely adjust the holding angle of the cover plate 13 in the fully open state, ensuring that the cover plate occupies less space in the opening after opening, so as not to affect the passage of personnel and materials. The fixed ring 90 is provided with an auxiliary tool mounting hole 90-1 and an external thread 90-2; the adjusting ring 91 is provided with an auxiliary tool mounting hole 91-1 and an internal thread 91-2. Working principle The linkage mechanism can be used in conjunction with a lifting structure, such as a lifting orifice fence. The orifice fence includes uprights, specifically fence uprights 42 and fence uprights 43. When it is necessary to open the square orifice cover, the uprights of the orifice fence are lifted. The uprights drive the sliding support hinge to move upward, which in turn pulls one end of the support beam 10 upward. The support beam 10 is lifted upward around its connection point with the support diagonal rod 11, while the support diagonal rod 11 swings upward around the fixed hinge seat 12. Driven by the support beam 10, the half-cover plate 130 and the quarter-cover plate 131 are lifted upward simultaneously, thus opening the orifice.

[0033] When it is necessary to close the square orifice cover, the upright of the orifice fence is lowered, which drives the sliding support hinge to move downward. The sliding support hinge pushes one end of the support beam 10 downward. The support beam 10 falls downward around the connection point with the support diagonal rod 11. At the same time, the support diagonal rod 11 swings downward around the fixed hinge seat 12. Driven by the support beam 10, the half cover plate 130 and the quarter cover plate 131 fall downward simultaneously, thus closing the orifice.

[0034] Through the above specific embodiments, this utility model, through the combination of one half cover plate and two quarter cover plates, and in conjunction with the linkage mechanism, realizes the synchronous or independent opening and closing of the square orifice cover plate, which has the advantages of simple structure, convenient operation and good covering effect.

[0035] Example 2: Based on Example 1, the material can be replaced in this example.

[0036] The difference between this embodiment and Embodiment 1 is that the half-cover plate 130 and the quarter-cover plate 131 adopt a hollow steel grating structure. The grid size of the steel grating is 30mm×30mm, and the frame is made of 50mm×5mm flat steel. When a hollow steel grating is used, the frame of the cover plate body needs to be reinforced with stiffening ribs and welded to the supporting beam 10.

[0037] Example 3: Based on Example 1, the shape of the quarter cover plate can be changed in this example.

[0038] The difference between this embodiment and embodiment 1 is that the quarter cover plate 131 is a right trapezoidal structure, and a square structure is formed by splicing two right trapezoidal quarter cover plates 131 with a half cover plate 130.

[0039] The above embodiments are merely preferred technical solutions of this utility model and should not be considered as limitations on this utility model. The protection scope of this utility model should be the technical solution described in the claims, including equivalent substitutions of the technical features described in the claims. That is, equivalent substitutions and improvements within this scope are also within the protection scope of this utility model.

Claims

1. A square orifice cover plate, characterized in that: It includes a cover plate body and a linkage mechanism; the cover plate body is a square structure adapted to the orifice, which is composed of one half cover plate (130) and two quarter cover plates (131) spliced ​​together, and the one half cover plate (130) and the two quarter cover plates (131) together cover the entire area of ​​the orifice; the linkage mechanism is connected to the half cover plate (130) and the quarter cover plate (131) respectively, and is used to drive the half cover plate (130) and the quarter cover plate (131) to open and close synchronously or independently, so as to realize the opening and closing of the orifice.

2. A square orifice cover plate according to claim 1, characterized in that: The half-cover plate (130) is a rectangular plate structure with an area of ​​1 / 2 of the total area of ​​the square cover plate body; the back of the half-cover plate (130) is connected to the linkage mechanism and rotates around the connection point of the linkage mechanism during the opening and closing process. Ventilation holes (130-1) can be selectively opened on the half-cover plate (130), and the ventilation holes (130-1) are distributed at intervals along the length direction of the half-cover plate (130).

3. A square orifice cover plate according to claim 1, characterized in that: The quarter cover plate (131) is a rectangular, right-angled trapezoidal or square plate structure. The area of ​​a single quarter cover plate (131) is 1 / 4 of the total area of ​​the square cover plate body. Two quarter cover plates (131) are symmetrically distributed on the same side of the half cover plate (130), and the back of each quarter cover plate (131) is connected to the linkage mechanism. During the opening and closing process, it rotates around the connection point of the linkage mechanism.

4. A square orifice cover plate according to claim 1, characterized in that: The linkage mechanism includes a support beam (10), a support diagonal rod (11), a fixed hinge seat (12), and a sliding support hinge; The supporting beam (10) is a square profile, with one end connected to the sliding support hinge and the other end connected to the supporting diagonal rod (11); The lower end of the supporting diagonal rod (11) is hinged to the fixed hinge seat (12), and the upper end is linked to the supporting crossbeam (10); The fixed hinge seat (12) is fixed to the orifice base component, and the sliding support hinge is adapted to the upright of the orifice fence. The sliding support hinge moves by the lifting and lowering of the upright of the orifice fence, thereby driving the support beam (10) to flip and realize the opening and closing of the cover plate body.

5. A square orifice cover plate according to claim 4, characterized in that: The supporting beam (10) has a first pin mounting hole (10-1) at one end, which is adapted to the connection hole of the sliding support hinge through the pin; the supporting beam (10) has a second pin mounting hole (10-2) at the other end, which is connected to the upper end of the supporting diagonal rod (11) through the pin; the upper surface of the supporting beam (10) is fixedly connected to the lower surface of the cover plate body, and a reinforcing rib is provided between the cover plate body and the supporting beam (10), and the reinforcing rib is spaced along the length direction of the supporting beam (10).

6. A square orifice cover plate according to claim 4, characterized in that: The lower end of the support rod (11) is provided with a third pin mounting hole (11-1), which is adapted to the hinge groove (12-3) of the fixed hinge seat (12) through the pin; the upper end of the support rod (11) is provided with a fourth pin mounting hole (11-2), and a rotation transfer groove (11-3) is provided next to the fourth pin mounting hole (11-2). The rotation transfer groove (11-3) is used to avoid the flipping movement of the support beam (10) and prevent the support rod (11) from interfering with the support beam (10).

7. A square orifice cover plate according to claim 4, characterized in that: The sliding support hinge includes an avoidance sliding support hinge (80) and a through sliding support hinge (81); The avoidance sliding support hinge (80) has a first through hole (80-1) for the fence with locking post (42) fitted onto the fence opening, and the avoidance sliding support hinge (80) has an avoidance space (80-4) for avoiding the unlocking parts of the fence. The through sliding support hinge (81) has a second through hole (81-1) for mounting the fence post (43) on the opening fence; the upper ends of both the avoidance sliding support hinge (80) and the through sliding support hinge (81) have connecting pin holes, which are connected to the first pin mounting hole (10-1) of the support beam (10) through pins.

8. A square orifice cover plate according to claim 4, characterized in that: The fixed hinge seat (12) includes a mounting plate (12-1), a connecting hole (12-2), and a hinge groove (12-3); the mounting plate (12-1) is fixed to the bracket (1) on the hole through a connector; the hinge groove (12-3) is provided with a swing angle θ, which is the maximum swing angle of the support rod (11) from the fully closed to the fully open state of the cover plate, and is used to limit the movement stroke of the support rod (11) to ensure the stability of the support when the cover plate body is fully closed.

9. A square orifice cover plate according to claim 1, characterized in that: The half-cover plate (130) and the quarter-cover plate (131) are made of steel and are constructed of solid steel plates or perforated steel grating structures.

10. A square orifice cover plate according to claim 1, characterized in that: The linkage mechanism for driving the half-cover plate (130) and the quarter-cover plate (131) is completely identical, and the linkage mechanism of the two quarter-cover plates (131) is symmetrically distributed. Through the synchronous driving linkage mechanism, the half-cover plate (130) and the quarter-cover plate (131) are synchronously lifted upward to open, or synchronously lowered downward to close, so as to ensure that the movement of the cover plate body is coordinated and there is no interference during the opening and closing of the orifice.

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