An above-ground rigid hazardous waste landfill system
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202522044726.1
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-09-23
- Publication Date
- 2026-10-27
- Estimated Expiration
- 2035-09-23
AI Technical Summary
[0005]本实用新型提供一种地上式刚性危废填埋场系统，解决沿海地区建立地下危废填埋场造价高的问题，通过在地上建立地上式刚性危废填埋场系统，减少建设投资和运营成本
1、本实用新型所述的地上式刚性危废填埋场系统，在沿海地区地面上设置架空层，所述架空层上设有危废填埋库，本方案因地制宜，根据沿海地区水文地质条件，打破了现有普遍采用的地下式刚性危险废物填埋场的固有思维，创新性的开展地上式刚性危险废物填埋场系统，降低了沿海地区水位的影响，不需要过多考虑降排水措施及抗浮，大大节约了建设投资及运营成本；
Smart Images
Figure CN224902853U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This utility model relates to environmental protection disposal technology, especially to hazardous waste treatment technology in coastal areas, specifically to an above-ground rigid hazardous waste landfill system. Background Technology
[0002] The largest source of hazardous waste is industrial production. Secure landfill is a final disposal method for hazardous waste, suitable for hazardous waste whose components and energy cannot be recycled, including incineration residues and fly ash. In recent years, hazardous waste landfills have been built extensively across the country as an important means and facility for the safe disposal of hazardous waste. Their safety function is to prevent the transfer of harmful components such as heavy metals in hazardous waste to the environment and human health, thus achieving safe disposal of hazardous waste. The "Standard for Pollution Control of Hazardous Waste Landfill" (GB18598-2019) stipulates that hazardous waste landfills are divided into flexible landfills and rigid landfills according to their structural form.
[0003] Due to export needs, the industrial park is located in a coastal area. The production process generates a large amount of hazardous chemical waste, creating a significant demand for its disposal. Although hazardous waste incineration facilities have been built to reduce waste volume, there is still a lack of terminal disposal facilities to treat hazardous waste such as incineration residue and fly ash. Coastal areas are mostly composed of highly compressible silt and soft soil, and groundwater levels are generally high (≤1m). If a flexible landfill is used, it would not meet the requirements of Article 4.7 of the "Standard for Pollution Control of Hazardous Waste Landfill" (GB18598-2019), which states that flexible landfill sites should not be selected in highly compressible silt areas, and Article 4.6, which states that the bottom of the anti-seepage structure of a flexible landfill should be at least 3m away from the highest recorded groundwater level. Therefore, a rigid landfill should be selected.
[0004] Furthermore, coastal areas have high groundwater levels. Although underground unit pools facilitate operations, drainage measures and buoyancy resistance must be considered. Before landfilling, the pools are empty. To increase buoyancy resistance, soil needs to be pre-buried. Later, when hazardous waste is utilized, secondary excavation is required, which increases construction and operating costs and poses a risk of groundwater intrusion. In addition, the "Standard for Pollution Control of Hazardous Waste Landfill" (GB 18598-2019) requires that if a rigid landfill is fully underground, a double-layer concrete structure must be installed with a visual inspection area in between. This means that the greater the burial depth, the greater the construction investment. Utility Model Content
[0005] This utility model provides an above-ground rigid hazardous waste landfill system, which solves the problem of high construction costs for underground hazardous waste landfills in coastal areas. By establishing an above-ground rigid hazardous waste landfill system, construction investment and operating costs are reduced.
[0006] This utility model is achieved through the following technical solution: A rigid above-ground hazardous waste landfill system includes an elevated layer set on the ground in a coastal area, wherein a hazardous waste landfill is provided on the elevated layer, and the hazardous waste landfill includes multiple unit pools; The top surface of the hazardous waste landfill is provided with at least two canopies along the front-to-back direction, and each canopy can move along the front-to-back direction of the hazardous waste landfill. All the canopies gradually decrease in size along the front-to-back direction of the hazardous waste landfill; between two adjacent canopies, the smaller canopy can be moved into the larger canopy.
[0007] Furthermore, the number of canopies is two.
[0008] Furthermore, the top surface of the hazardous waste landfill is provided with support plates on the left and right sides, the support plates extend along the front and back direction of the hazardous waste landfill, and the support plates are provided with guide rails; The canopy includes a top cover panel, and multiple support columns are provided on the left and right sides of the top cover panel. The bottom of the support columns is provided with wheels that can roll on the guide rail.
[0009] Furthermore, multiple unit pools are arranged in an array. Each unit pool consists of a bottom plate and four side walls. The bottom plate of the unit pool has slopes on the front and back sides that converge towards the middle. The slopes on both sides form a convergence ditch. A leachate collection pipe section is provided in the convergence ditch. Multiple collection holes are distributed on the side walls of the leachate collection pipe section. All leachate collection pipe sections in the unit pools arranged in the same column along the left and right directions are connected end to end to form a leachate collection main pipe. The leachate collection main pipe is distributed obliquely along the left and right directions, and the outlet end of the leachate collection main pipe extends to the outside of the hazardous waste landfill and connects to the equalization tank.
[0010] Furthermore, the collection ditch is provided with a gravel layer covering the leachate collection pipe section.
[0011] Furthermore, the gravel diameter of the gravel layer is 20mm-100mm.
[0012] Furthermore, the bottom plate of the unit pool consists of, from bottom to top, a seepage-proof reinforced concrete layer, an HDPE geomembrane layer, a geotextile protective layer, a high-resistance drainage board, and a geotextile layer. The side walls of the unit pool, from the outside to the inside, consist of a seepage-proof reinforced concrete layer, a geotextile protective layer, and a composite geomembrane layer.
[0013] The beneficial effects achieved by this utility model compared with the prior art are as follows: 1. The above-ground rigid hazardous waste landfill system of this utility model sets up an elevated layer on the ground in the coastal area, and a hazardous waste landfill is set up on the elevated layer. This solution is adapted to local conditions and breaks away from the conventional thinking of underground rigid hazardous waste landfills, which are commonly used in the coastal area. It innovatively develops an above-ground rigid hazardous waste landfill system, which reduces the impact of water level in the coastal area and does not require too much consideration of drainage measures and anti-buoyancy, thus greatly saving construction investment and operating costs. Between two adjacent canopies, the smaller canopy can be moved into the larger canopy. When hazardous waste is filled into the corresponding unit pool using a truck crane, the canopy in that area can be moved to the adjacent side, which greatly improves the convenience of filling hazardous waste. 2. The top surface of the hazardous waste landfill is equipped with load-bearing plates on the left and right sides, and guide rails are installed on the load-bearing plates. The canopy includes a top cover plate, multiple support columns and wheels. This design facilitates the movement of the canopy and improves its ease of use. 3. Each unit pool has a leachate collection pipe section in its collection trench. The outlet of the formed leachate collection main pipe extends to the outside of the hazardous waste landfill and connects to the equalization tank, mainly for guiding and discharging leachate. Minimizing the amount of leachate generated by the landfill can reduce the accumulation of leachate in the landfill layer, thereby reducing the water pressure on the anti-seepage facilities. 4. The bottom slab of the unit pool, from bottom to top, consists of a layer of impermeable reinforced concrete, a layer of HDPE geomembrane, a geotextile protective layer, a high-resistance drainage board, and another geotextile layer. The side walls, from the outside to the inside, consist of a layer of impermeable reinforced concrete, a layer of geotextile protective layer, and a composite geomembrane layer. This ensures that the unit pool has good impermeability and prevents hazardous waste from seeping out and contaminating the soil. Attached Figure Description
[0014] Figure 1 This is a top view of each unit pool of the above-ground rigid hazardous waste landfill system described in this utility model; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the above-ground rigid hazardous waste landfill system of this utility model in an east-west direction; Figure 3 This is a north-south schematic diagram of the above-ground rigid hazardous waste landfill system described in this utility model; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the leachate collection pipe section and slope described in this utility model; Figure 5 for Figure 3 Enlarged schematic diagram of structure A in the middle; In the diagram: 1. Elevated floor, 2. Unit pool, 3. Canopy, 31. Covering plate, 32. Support column, 33. Walking wheel, 4. Bearing plate, 5. Guide rail, 6. Slope, 7. Leachate collection pipe section, 8. Gravel layer, 9. Sleeve. Detailed Implementation
[0015] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.
[0016] In the description of the utility model, it should be understood that the terms "front", "rear", "up", "down", "left", "right", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing the utility model and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the utility model.
[0017] Example 1 Taking the establishment of small-scale hazardous waste landfill systems in coastal areas as an example, such as Figure 1-3 As shown in the figure, this embodiment discloses an above-ground rigid hazardous waste landfill system, which mainly includes an elevated layer 1, a hazardous waste landfill, and a canopy 3.
[0018] The elevated floor 1 is constructed of reinforced concrete on the ground in the coastal area. A hazardous waste landfill is built on the top surface of the elevated floor 1. This design creates an inspection space, allowing staff to easily access the area below the hazardous waste landfill to check for leaks.
[0019] The hazardous waste landfill comprises multiple unit pools 2, which are arranged in an array. In this embodiment, a small hazardous waste landfill needs to be constructed, with an overall east-west length of 29m and a north-south width of 22m. Due to the small span, a conventional truck crane (also called a mobile crane) is sufficient to meet the filling requirements. For ease of description, we define the east-west direction as the front-to-back direction and the north-south direction as the left-to-right direction. There are 3 rows of unit pools in the east-west direction and 4 columns of unit pools in the north-south direction, for a total of 12 unit pools 2.
[0020] Each unit pool 2 consists of a bottom slab and four side walls. To prevent leakage of hazardous waste filled in the unit pool, a seepage prevention design is required. The bottom slab of unit pool 2 is constructed from bottom to top as follows: a 35cm thick seepage-proof reinforced concrete layer, a compressive strength greater than 25N / mm² and a 4800g / m² GCL (bentonite waterproofing pad), a 2mm smooth HDPE geomembrane, a 600g / m² geotextile protective layer, a 20mm high-resistance drainage board, and a 200g / m² geotextile, forming a seepage-proof reinforced concrete layer, an HDPE geomembrane layer, a geotextile protective layer, a high-resistance drainage board, and a geotextile layer. The sidewalls of Unit Pool 2 are constructed from the outside in through a series of layers: a 30cm thick impermeable reinforced concrete layer, a geotextile protective layer with a compressive strength greater than 25N / mm² and a 600g / m² geotextile layer, and a composite geomembrane layer (containing a 2mm rough HDPE geomembrane and a 600g / m² geotextile).
[0021] To minimize landfill leachate, a leachate collection system needs to be established. Specifically, such as... Figure 4 As shown, slopes 6 converging towards the center are machined on the front and rear sides (i.e., east-west direction) of the bottom plate of unit pool 2. The slopes 6 on both sides form a converging ditch. A leachate collection pipe section 7 is installed in the converging ditch. Multiple collection holes are distributed on the side wall of the leachate collection pipe section 7.
[0022] All leachate collection pipe segments 7 within unit pool 2, arranged in the same column along the left-right (i.e., north-south) direction, are connected end-to-end to form a main leachate collection pipe. This main leachate collection pipe is distributed at an angle of approximately 7° along the north-south direction. To facilitate the passage of the main leachate collection pipe through the north-south sidewall of unit pool 2, a sleeve 9 is pre-embedded at the bottom of this sidewall. The sleeve 9 allows the main leachate collection pipe to pass through. In this embodiment, a conventional DN200 perforated pipe is sufficient for the main leachate collection pipe. The outlet end of the main leachate collection pipe extends to the outside of the hazardous waste landfill and is connected to a pre-fabricated equalization tank via a water pump.
[0023] like Figure 5As shown, the top surface of the hazardous waste landfill is reinforced with supporting plates 4 on both the left and right sides. These supporting plates 4 extend along the front-to-back direction of the landfill, and guide rails 5 are installed on them. There are two canopies 3, each including a top cover plate 31 made of stainless steel color-coated steel sheet. To improve its stability, a light steel truss is welded to the bottom of the stainless steel color-coated steel sheet. Three support columns 32 are installed on the left and right sides of the top cover plate 31, and wheels 33 are installed at the bottom of the support columns 32 to allow them to roll along the guide rails 5, enabling both canopies 3 to move along the front-to-back direction. The canopy at the front is larger than the canopy at the rear. This design allows the smaller canopy to move inside the larger canopy, and the larger canopy to move outside the smaller canopy, allowing them to nest together. When a unit pool under one canopy needs to be filled, it simply needs to be moved to the other canopy's location.
[0024] The specific working process of the above-ground rigid hazardous waste landfill system described in this embodiment is as follows: When a unit pool under a canopy needs to be filled, the canopy is moved to another canopy location, and then a truck crane is used to fill the hazardous waste into each unit pool. After filling, the canopy is moved back to its original position. If there is leachate in the hazardous waste, it will collect in the collection ditch, be discharged through the leachate collection main pipe, and then be uniformly introduced into the equalization tank. When the waste reaches the predetermined height, the corresponding unit should be sealed and covered. After the landfill is completely filled, all units are sealed. Relevant management personnel continue to maintain and manage the relevant facilities, regularly inspect the various systems of the landfill, and regularly assess the safety of the landfill to ensure its safety after decommissioning. This solution is adapted to local conditions and, based on the hydrogeological conditions of the coastal area, breaks away from the conventional thinking of the commonly used underground rigid hazardous waste landfills. It innovatively develops an above-ground rigid hazardous waste landfill system, reducing the impact of water levels in the coastal area, eliminating the need for excessive consideration of dewatering and anti-buoyancy measures, and greatly saving construction investment and operating costs.
[0025] Example 2 This embodiment discloses an above-ground rigid hazardous waste landfill system, such as Figure 4 As shown, a gravel layer 8 covering the leachate collection pipe section 7 is provided in the collection trench of each unit pool. The gravel diameter of the gravel layer 8 is 20mm-100mm. This arrangement prevents hazardous waste from clogging the collection holes on the leachate collection pipe section 7, and the gaps between the gravel allow leachate to flow to the location of the leachate collection pipe section 7.
Claims
1. A rigid above-ground hazardous waste landfill system, characterized in that, It includes an elevated floor (1) set on the ground in a coastal area, on which a hazardous waste landfill is provided, and the hazardous waste landfill includes multiple unit pools (2). The top surface of the hazardous waste landfill is provided with at least two canopies (3) along the front-to-back direction, and each canopy (3) can move along the front-to-back direction of the hazardous waste landfill. All the canopies (3) gradually decrease in size along the front-back direction of the hazardous waste landfill; between two adjacent canopies (3), the smaller canopy (3) can be moved into the larger canopy (3).
2. The above-ground rigid hazardous waste landfill system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The number of the canopy (3) is two.
3. The above-ground rigid hazardous waste landfill system according to claim 2, characterized in that, The top surface of the hazardous waste landfill is provided with support plates (4) on the left and right sides. The support plates (4) extend along the front and back direction of the hazardous waste landfill. The support plates (4) are provided with guide rails (5). The canopy (3) includes a top cover plate (31), and multiple support columns (32) are provided on the left and right sides of the top cover plate (31). The bottom of the support column (32) is provided with a traveling wheel (33) that can roll on the guide rail (5).
4. The above-ground rigid hazardous waste landfill system according to claim 1, characterized in that, Multiple unit pools (2) are arranged in an array. Each unit pool (2) consists of a bottom plate and side walls around it. The bottom plate of the unit pool (2) has slopes (6) on the front and back sides that converge towards the middle. The slopes (6) on both sides form a convergence ditch. The convergence ditch is provided with a leachate collection pipe section (7). The side wall of the leachate collection pipe section (7) has multiple collection holes. All leachate collection pipe sections (7) in the unit pool (2) located in the same column along the left and right directions are connected end to end to form a leachate collection main pipe. The leachate collection main pipe is distributed obliquely along the left and right directions. The outlet end of the leachate collection main pipe extends to the outside of the hazardous waste landfill and connects to the regulating pool.
5. The above-ground rigid hazardous waste landfill system according to claim 4, characterized in that, The collection ditch is provided with a gravel layer (8) covering the leachate collection pipe section (7).
6. The above-ground rigid hazardous waste landfill system according to claim 5, characterized in that, The gravel diameter of the gravel layer (8) is 20mm-100mm.
7. The above-ground rigid hazardous waste landfill system according to any one of claims 4-6, characterized in that, The bottom plate of the unit pool (2) consists of, from bottom to top, a seepage-proof reinforced concrete layer, an HDPE geomembrane layer, a geotextile protective layer, a high-resistance drainage board, and a geotextile layer. The side walls of the unit pool (2) are, from the outside to the inside, a seepage-proof reinforced concrete layer, a geotextile protective layer, and a composite geomembrane layer.