A layered multi-scale complex fracture sand-carrying fluid migration simulation device

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of simulation experiment device, specifically disclose a layered multi -scale complex fracture sand -carrying fluid migration simulation device, including transparent storehouse, the inside installation of transparent storehouse has main gap adjusting assembly, and the below of main gap adjusting assembly is provided with a plurality of parallelly arranged branch gap support assembly, the outside of transparent storehouse is provided with angle adjusting assembly, the main gap adjusting assembly includes two main gap plates of slidable, the branch gap support assembly includes a plurality of branch gap plates of detachable, the angle adjusting assembly includes the support base of rotation installation in the outside of transparent storehouse, the utility model discloses through the collaborative cooperation of the main gap adjusting assembly and a plurality of independent detachable branch gap plates of setting, can flexibly build up and contain different width scale, different spatial distribution's multilayer parallel crack system, greatly promoted the geometric similarity of experimental model and real underground complex crack network.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of simulation experimental device technology, and in particular to a layered, multi-scale complex crack sand-carrying fluid transport simulation device. Background Technology

[0002] In the field of oil and gas extraction, hydraulic fracturing is one of the key technologies for enhancing production. This technology injects high-pressure proppant-carrying fluid into underground rock formations to form a complex network of fractures, thereby increasing the flow channels for oil and gas. In order to optimize fracturing operation parameters (such as displacement, proppant ratio, and fluid type) and predict the distribution of proppant in the fractures, physical simulation in the laboratory is essential.

[0003] The existing publicly available technical solution, CN210217718U, discloses a variable-direction parallel plate crack simulation device. The simulation device includes a parallel plate crack device, a rolling frame, a rolling body, and a driving device. The rolling frame is fixedly installed, the parallel plate crack device is located above the rolling frame, and the rolling body is fixedly installed at the bottom of the parallel plate crack device. A roller track for the rolling body to rotate is provided on the upper part of the rolling frame, and the rolling body is located on the roller track. The parallel plate crack device can swing with the rotation of the rolling body on the roller track. The parallel plate crack device can change the angle between the crack direction and the horizontal plane relative to the rolling frame, thereby simulating the transport law of sand-carrying fluids and other fluids in the crack when the crack direction is different in actual strata.

[0004] In actual implementation, the above-mentioned technical solution only has a single-scale, single-direction flat plate fracture model, and the internal fracture width is fixed or has a limited range of adjustment. However, the actual fracturing fracture network in the formation has typical multi-scale and complexity, and the existing equipment is difficult to flexibly and accurately construct such heterogeneous, multi-branched complex fracture geometry. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a layered, multi-scale complex fracture sand-fluid transport simulation device. Through the coordinated operation of the main fracture adjustment component and multiple independent and detachable branch fracture plates, a multi-layered parallel fracture system with different widths and spatial distributions can be flexibly constructed, which greatly improves the geometric similarity between the experimental model and the real underground complex fracture network, thereby solving the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a layered multi-scale complex crack sand-carrying fluid transport simulation device, comprising a transparent chamber, wherein a main crack adjustment component is installed inside the transparent chamber, and multiple parallel branch crack support components are arranged below the main crack adjustment component, and an angle adjustment component is arranged outside the transparent chamber.

[0007] The main gap adjustment assembly includes two slidable main gap plates;

[0008] The branch slot support assembly includes a plurality of detachable branch slot plates;

[0009] The angle adjustment assembly includes a support base rotatably mounted outside the transparent compartment, and an adjustment shaft is provided at the connection between the support base and the transparent compartment.

[0010] Preferably, the main gap adjustment assembly further includes support members fixed on the left and right sides of the transparent compartment, and support cylinders are provided at both the front and rear ends of the support members.

[0011] Preferably, the telescopic end of the supporting cylinder is fixedly connected to the main slit plate, and a connecting groove is provided at the connection between the main slit plate and the transparent compartment.

[0012] Preferably, the branch gap support assembly further includes a support frame fixed at both ends of the transparent compartment, and the support frame is internally threaded with an adjusting screw.

[0013] Preferably, a support block is rotatably connected to the end of the adjusting screw, the support block is embedded inside the transparent chamber, and a bearing is provided at the connection between the adjusting screw and the support block.

[0014] Preferably, the branch slot plate is mounted above the support block, and the width of the support block is greater than the thickness of the transparent compartment.

[0015] Preferably, the angle adjustment assembly further includes a transmission box fixed to the front end of the support base. A servo motor is bolted to the side of the transmission box. A transmission worm is fixed to the power output end of the servo motor, and a transmission worm wheel is meshed above the transmission worm.

[0016] Preferably, the transmission worm gear is fixedly connected to the adjusting shaft, and limit holes are opened on the surfaces of the support base and the transparent chamber, with a limit rod installed inside one of the limit holes.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this utility model are:

[0018] 1. By coordinating the main gap adjustment component with multiple independent and detachable branch gap plates, a multi-layer parallel crack system with different width scales and spatial distributions can be flexibly constructed, which greatly improves the geometric similarity between the experimental model and the real underground complex crack network.

[0019] 2. The angle adjustment component can drive the entire fracture model to rotate smoothly to any angle, and the angle can be locked by inserting the limit rod into the corresponding limit hole, so that the simulation experiment can cover the working conditions of the fracture at different formation dip angles and study the influence of gravity on the transport of sand-carrying fluid. Attached Figure Description

[0020] To more clearly illustrate the specific embodiments of this utility model or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the specific embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without creative effort.

[0021] Figure 1 This is an overall structural view of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 2 This is a bottom view of the structure of this utility model;

[0023] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the transmission worm gear of this utility model;

[0024] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the transparent compartment of this utility model;

[0025] Figure 5 For the present utility model Figure 4 A magnified view of A in the middle.

[0026] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0027] 1. Transparent compartment; 2. Main gap adjustment assembly; 201. Main gap plate; 202. Connecting groove; 203. Support cylinder; 204. Support component; 3. Angle adjustment assembly; 301. Servo motor; 302. Transmission box; 303. Support base; 304. Limiting rod; 305. Limiting hole; 306. Transmission worm gear; 307. Transmission worm wheel; 308. Adjusting shaft; 4. Branch gap support assembly; 401. Branch gap plate; 402. Support block; 403. Adjusting screw; 404. Support frame. Detailed Implementation

[0028] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0029] This utility model provides a technical solution:

[0030] Please see Figures 1 to 5A layered, multi-scale complex crack sand-carrying fluid transport simulation device includes a transparent chamber 1. A main crack adjustment component 2 is installed inside the transparent chamber 1, and multiple parallel branch crack support components 4 are arranged below the main crack adjustment component 2. An angle adjustment component 3 is arranged outside the transparent chamber 1.

[0031] The main gap adjustment assembly 2 includes two slidable main gap plates 201;

[0032] The branch gap support assembly 4 includes a plurality of detachable branch gap plates 401;

[0033] The angle adjustment assembly 3 includes a support base 303 rotatably mounted outside the transparent chamber 1, and an adjustment shaft 308 is provided at the connection between the support base 303 and the transparent chamber 1.

[0034] The main gap adjustment assembly 2 also includes support members 204 fixed on the left and right sides of the transparent compartment 1. Support cylinders 203 are provided at both the front and rear ends of the support members 204. The telescopic ends of the support cylinders 203 are fixedly connected to the main gap plate 201. A connecting groove 202 is provided at the connection between the main gap plate 201 and the transparent compartment 1. The support cylinders 203 installed on the same main gap plate 201 are synchronously controlled by a synchronous control system, so that the two support cylinders 203 on the same main gap plate 201 can achieve synchronous control.

[0035] By adopting the above technical solution, through the synchronous control system, the support cylinders 203 on the support members 204 on both sides of the transparent chamber 1 are activated. The telescopic ends of the support cylinders 203 synchronously drive the two main fracture plates 201 to slide in opposite directions along the connecting groove 202, thereby adjusting the gap width of the main crack formed by the opposite surfaces of the two main fracture plates 201. This main crack simulates the dominant wide crack formed by hydraulic fracturing. Below the main crack, according to the simulated crack network morphology, an appropriate number of branch fracture plates 401 are selected. Through the coordinated cooperation of the main crack adjustment component 2 and multiple independent detachable branch fracture plates 401, a multi-layer parallel crack system with different width scales and different spatial distributions can be flexibly constructed, which greatly improves the geometric similarity between the experimental model and the real underground complex crack network.

[0036] Specifically, such as Figures 3 to 5 As shown, the branch gap support assembly 4 also includes a support frame 404 fixed at both ends of the transparent chamber 1. The support frame 404 is internally threaded with an adjusting screw 403. The end of the adjusting screw 403 is rotatably connected to a support block 402. The support block 402 is embedded inside the transparent chamber 1. A bearing is provided at the connection between the adjusting screw 403 and the support block 402. The branch gap plate 401 is mounted above the support block 402. The width of the support block 402 is greater than the thickness of the transparent chamber 1.

[0037] The angle adjustment assembly 3 also includes a transmission box 302 fixed to the front end of the support base 303. A servo motor 301 is bolted to the side of the transmission box 302. A transmission worm 306 is fixed to the power output end of the servo motor 301, and a transmission worm wheel 307 is meshed above the transmission worm 306. The transmission worm wheel 307 is fixedly connected to the adjustment shaft 308. Limiting holes 305 are opened on the surfaces of the support base 303 and the transparent chamber 1. A limiting rod 304 is installed inside one of the limiting holes 305.

[0038] By adopting the above technical solution, the adjusting screw 403 on the rotating support frame 404 can independently control the insertion depth of each support block 402 in the transparent chamber 1. After the support block 402 passes through the transparent chamber 1, the branch slot plate 401 can be placed above the support block 402. If it is necessary to remove the branch slot plate 401, the support block 402 can be retracted to the inner wall of the transparent chamber 1. Multiple branch slot plates 401 are arranged in parallel to simulate branch cracks with different distribution densities. Starting the servo motor 301 can drive the transmission worm gear 306 to rotate, which in turn drives the transmission worm wheel 307 meshing with it to rotate. Wheel 307 is fixed to adjusting shaft 308, thereby driving the transparent chamber 1 and all the main and branch fracture models inside it to rotate around adjusting shaft 308. When locking, the limiting rod 304 is inserted into the aligned support base 303 and the limiting hole 305 on the transparent chamber 1 to ensure angle stability during the experiment. The angle adjustment component 3 can drive the entire fracture model to rotate smoothly to any angle, and the angle is locked by inserting the limiting rod 304 into the corresponding limiting hole 305. This allows the simulation experiment to cover the working conditions of fractures at different formation dip angles and to study the influence of gravity on the transport of sand-carrying fluid.

[0039] Working principle: First, the operator builds a fracture network according to experimental requirements. Then, the support cylinders 203 on the support members 204 on both sides of the transparent chamber 1 are activated. The telescopic ends of the support cylinders 203 synchronously drive the two main fracture plates 201 to slide towards or away from each other along the connecting groove 202, thereby adjusting the width of the main fracture formed by the opposing surfaces of the two main fracture plates 201. This main fracture simulates the dominant wide fracture formed by hydraulic fracturing. Below the main fracture, according to the simulated fracture network morphology, an appropriate number of branch fracture plates 401 are selected. Multiple branch fracture plates 401 are arranged in parallel to simulate branch fractures with different distribution densities. To simulate the inclination of the fractures in the formation, the servo motor 301 is activated, which drives the transmission worm. Rotating rod 306 drives the meshing transmission worm gear 307 to rotate. Since the transmission worm gear 307 is fixed to the adjusting shaft 308, it drives the transparent chamber 1 and all the main and branch fracture models inside it to rotate around the adjusting shaft 308. After the above geometric construction is completed, the device is ready. The proppant-carrying fluid is injected from the inlet at the top of the transparent chamber 1. The proppant-carrying fluid is a fracturing fluid containing proppant. The high-speed camera can clearly record the flow, sand grain sedimentation, and accumulation of the proppant-carrying fluid in main fractures of different widths, branch fractures of different scales, and under different dip angles, as well as the distribution behavior at the fracture intersection, through the wall of the transparent chamber 1. This provides intuitive and accurate experimental data for studying the proppant transport law in complex fracture networks.

[0040] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of this utility model, and are not intended to limit it. Although the utility model has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some or all of the technical features therein. Such modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of this utility model.

Claims

1. A layered, multi-scale complex crack sand-carrying fluid transport simulation device, comprising a transparent chamber (1), characterized in that: The transparent compartment (1) is equipped with a main gap adjustment component (2), and a plurality of parallel branch gap support components (4) are provided below the main gap adjustment component (2). An angle adjustment component (3) is provided on the outside of the transparent compartment (1). The main gap adjustment assembly (2) includes two slidable main gap plates (201); The branch slot support assembly (4) includes a plurality of detachable branch slot plates (401). The angle adjustment component (3) includes a support base (303) rotatably mounted outside the transparent chamber (1), and an adjustment shaft (308) is provided at the connection between the support base (303) and the transparent chamber (1).

2. The layered, multi-scale complex crack sand-carrying fluid transport simulation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The main gap adjustment component (2) also includes support members (204) fixed on the left and right sides of the transparent chamber (1), and support cylinders (203) are provided at both the front and rear ends of the support members (204).

3. The layered, multi-scale complex crack sand-carrying fluid transport simulation device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The telescopic end of the support cylinder (203) is fixedly connected to the main gap plate (201), and a connecting groove (202) is provided at the connection between the main gap plate (201) and the transparent chamber (1).

4. The layered, multi-scale complex crack sand-carrying fluid transport simulation device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The branch gap support assembly (4) also includes a support frame (404) fixed at both ends of the transparent compartment (1), and the support frame (404) is internally threaded with an adjusting screw (403).

5. The layered, multi-scale complex crack sand-carrying fluid transport simulation device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The end of the adjusting screw (403) is rotatably connected to a support block (402), which is embedded inside the transparent chamber (1). A bearing is provided at the connection between the adjusting screw (403) and the support block (402).

6. The layered, multi-scale complex crack sand-carrying fluid transport simulation device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The branch slot plate (401) is mounted above the support block (402), and the width of the support block (402) is greater than the thickness of the transparent chamber (1).

7. The layered, multi-scale complex crack sand-carrying fluid transport simulation device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The angle adjustment assembly (3) also includes a transmission box (302) fixed to the front end of the support base (303). A servo motor (301) is bolted to the side of the transmission box (302). A transmission worm (306) is fixed to the power output end of the servo motor (301), and a transmission worm wheel (307) is meshed above the transmission worm (306).

8. The layered, multi-scale complex crack sand-carrying fluid transport simulation device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The transmission worm gear (307) is fixedly connected to the adjusting shaft (308), and the surfaces of the support base (303) and the transparent chamber (1) are provided with limit holes (305), and a limit rod (304) is installed inside one of the limit holes (305).

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