A highway tunnel fabricated secondary lining

Abstract

The utility model provides a kind of highway tunnel fabricated secondary lining, including inverted arch that is laid in turn and the vault that is set on the upside of inverted arch;The vault includes the arc of several general blocks that are arranged in circumference and a block of top sealing, and the general block or top sealing of adjacent mutual close adhesion;Between adjacent vault, the joint between general block and top sealing is longitudinal axis symmetry.The utility model has following beneficial effects: by inverted arch cooperation by several general blocks and a block of top sealing and using longitudinal axis symmetry installation vault, it solves the technical problem of the construction convenience, economy and low overall construction efficiency of existing fabricated secondary lining in tunnel engineering.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of underground infrastructure technology, and in particular to a prefabricated secondary lining for highway tunnels. Background Technology

[0002] In mining-method highway tunnel engineering, prefabricated secondary lining has gradually gained attention in the engineering field due to its advantages such as fast construction speed, easy quality control, and less on-site work. However, there are still few actual application examples of this technology in highway tunnels, especially in terms of the theoretical aspects of lining segment division. Existing research mainly focuses on segmented design from the perspective of structural stress, including two main approaches: one is to segment the tunnel lining at the location of minimum bending moment to reduce disturbance to the structural stress; the other is to actively set joints at the location of maximum bending moment to adjust the internal force distribution and ensure tunnel safety.

[0003] While the aforementioned segmentation method has some theoretical rationale, it has revealed numerous problems in actual engineering implementation. First, because the extreme bending moment points are distributed differently along the tunnel's circumference, this method significantly increases the number of segment types, requiring various mold specifications. The high cost and poor versatility of these molds significantly reduce the economic efficiency of production and construction. Second, segments segmented to match the extreme bending moment points are often too large and heavy, causing difficulties in transportation and on-site assembly, increasing the demands on lifting equipment, and raising construction safety risks during assembly. Furthermore, existing segmentation methods often neglect construction convenience and overall efficiency; for example, segmentation in the invert arch often requires an additional filling layer, further extending the construction period.

[0004] Therefore, in the context of promoting the application of prefabricated lining technology in mining-method highway tunnels, there is an urgent need for a new type of tunnel segment installation structure that can effectively control the number of segment types and reduce the weight of a single segment while meeting structural safety and waterproofing requirements, thereby improving construction convenience, economy and overall construction efficiency. Utility Model Content

[0005] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this utility model provides a prefabricated secondary lining for highway tunnels, which solves the technical problems of low construction convenience, low economy, and low overall construction efficiency of existing prefabricated secondary linings in tunnel engineering.

[0006] According to an embodiment of this utility model, a prefabricated secondary lining for a highway tunnel includes an inverted arch laid in sequence and an arch top disposed on the upper side of the inverted arch. The dome includes several general blocks arranged in an arc shape around the perimeter and a capping block, with adjacent general blocks or capping blocks being in close contact with each other; The joints between adjacent vaults, and between the general block and the capping block, are longitudinally axially symmetrical.

[0007] The technical principle of this utility model is as follows: during installation, it is only necessary to ensure that the joint between the general block and the capping block is longitudinally symmetrical, so that the stiffness distribution tends to be symmetrical. In this way, when bearing external loads, the force can be transmitted to each general block and the capping block relatively evenly through the joint, avoiding local stress concentration and preventing a certain general block or capping block from being damaged first due to excessive force.

[0008] This application requires only two types of segments for installation: several general-purpose blocks and one capping block. This effectively reduces the number of production molds needed for the segments, thus significantly lowering production costs. Furthermore, because only two types of segments are used, installation is relatively simple, leading to higher production efficiency.

[0009] Simultaneous assembly of the arch and invert can eliminate the need for on-site pouring of the entire tunnel, further shortening the on-site construction period of the entire tunnel.

[0010] Compared with the existing technology, this utility model has the following beneficial effects: by using an inverted arch in conjunction with an arch top consisting of several general blocks and a capping block and installed in a longitudinal axisymmetric manner, it solves the technical problems of low construction convenience, economy and overall construction efficiency of existing prefabricated secondary lining in tunnel engineering.

[0011] Furthermore, the formula for the center angle of the dome and the center angle of the general block and the capping block is: θ=n*α+α / 2; The center angle of the arch is θ, the center angle of the universal block is α, the center angle of the capping block is α / 2, and the number of universal blocks is n.

[0012] The above formula can effectively divide the general blocks and the capping blocks, and can effectively ensure that the joints between adjacent arches and between general blocks and capping blocks are longitudinally symmetrical.

[0013] Furthermore, the inverted arch includes a central section and side sections, with side sections on both sides of the central section, and the bottom of the arch is connected to the two side sections on both sides.

[0014] The invert arch is divided into a central section and two side sections, forming a three-section structure, which facilitates the transportation and installation of the invert arch.

[0015] Furthermore, the top of both the middle section and the side section is provided with a roughened surface, and a 10-30cm cast-in-place leveling layer is provided on the upper side of the roughened surface. The cast-in-place leveling layer is connected to the bottom of the arch on both sides.

[0016] This allows the middle section and the side section to form an integrated structure.

[0017] Furthermore, the middle section and the two side sections form an arch-shaped inverted arch, with the arch shape set at the bottom.

[0018] The arch-shaped structure design effectively improves the load-bearing capacity of the inverted arch.

[0019] Furthermore, each of the middle section and the side section has at least one drainage cavity, which is oriented towards the length of the invert arch, and the drainage cavities of the side section are all connected to the drainage cavity of the middle section.

[0020] By setting up drainage cavities, the weight and cost of the invert arch can be reduced, while also facilitating transportation. Furthermore, once the drainage cavities are connected, they can be used for drainage.

[0021] Furthermore, a transverse blind pipe is provided between the drainage cavity of the side section and the drainage cavity of the middle section, and the bottom of the drainage cavity of the middle section is lower than the bottom of the drainage cavity of the side section.

[0022] This creates a top-down structure that facilitates water flow into the drainage cavities in the middle section for drainage.

[0023] Furthermore, the two side segments are provided with oblique blind pipes on opposite sides, the oblique blind pipes are connected to the nearest drainage cavity, the oblique blind pipes are inclined, and the connection between the oblique blind pipes and the drainage cavity of the side segments is at the lowest position.

[0024] It is used to drain water from both sides of the invert into the drainage cavity, and then drain water along the drainage cavity.

[0025] Furthermore, an inspection well is provided at the top of the drainage cavity of the middle section.

[0026] Inspection wells are installed to allow for cleaning when drainage cavities become blocked.

[0027] Furthermore, the interval between adjacent inspection wells is 30-50m. Attached Figure Description

[0028] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the inverted arch and the arch crown of an embodiment of the present utility model.

[0029] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of adjacent inverted arches and arch tops in an embodiment of this utility model.

[0030] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the arch structure of an embodiment of the present utility model.

[0031] In the above attached diagrams: 1. Inverted arch; 101. Rough surface; 11. Middle section segment; 111. Inspection well; 12. Side section segment; 121. Inclined blind pipe; 13. Cast-in-place leveling layer; 14. Drainage cavity; 141. Horizontal blind pipe; 2. Arch crown; 21. General block; 22. Capping block. Detailed Implementation

[0032] The technical solution of this utility model will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0033] like Figure 1-2 The prefabricated secondary lining of the highway tunnel shown includes an inverted arch 1 laid flat in sequence and an arch 2 set on the upper side of the inverted arch 1; the arch 2 specifically includes several general blocks 21 arranged in an arc shape around the circumference and a capping block 22, with adjacent general blocks 21 or capping blocks 22 closely attached to each other. The formula for the center angle of the arch 2 circle and the center angle of the general block 21 and the capping block 22 is: θ=n*α+α / 2; The center angle of the arch 2 is θ, the center angle of the universal block 21 is α, the center angle of the capping block 22 is α / 2, and the number of universal blocks 21 is n. For example, if the center angle of the arch 2 is 206°, design 6 universal blocks 21 and one capping block 22. According to the formula, the center angle of the universal block 21 is 31.7° and the center angle of the capping block 22 is 15.8°. This ensures that the joints between adjacent arches 2 and between universal blocks 21 and capping blocks 22 are longitudinally axially symmetrical.

[0034] like Figure 1-3 As shown, the inverted arch 1 includes a middle section 11 and side sections 12. Side sections 12 are provided on both sides of the middle section 11. The bottom sides of the arch 2 are connected to the two side sections 12. The middle section 11 and the two side sections 12 form an arched inverted arch 1. The arc of the inverted arch 1 is set at the bottom. Specifically, the top of the middle section 11 and the side sections 12 are provided with a roughened surface 101. A 10-30cm cast-in-place leveling layer 13 is provided on the upper side of the roughened surface 101. The cast-in-place leveling layer 13 is connected to the bottom sides of the arch 2 on both sides, so as to ensure that the middle section 11 and the side sections 12 can be connected as one, and also to ensure that the connection between the inverted arch 1 and the arch 2 is tight.

[0035] like Figure 2As shown, both the middle section 11 and the side section 12 have at least one drainage cavity 14. In this embodiment, the side section 12 has one drainage cavity 14, while the middle section 11 has two drainage cavities 14. The drainage cavities 14 are arranged in the direction of the length of the invert arch 1. The two side section 12 are provided with an inclined blind pipe 121 on one side away from each other. The inclined blind pipe 121 is connected to the nearest drainage cavity 14. The inclined blind pipe 121 is inclined. The connection between the inclined blind pipe 121 and the drainage cavity 14 of the side section 12 is at the lowest position, so that water on the outside of the invert arch 1 can be drained into the drainage cavity 14.

[0036] Specifically, a transverse blind pipe 141 is provided between the drainage cavity 14 of the side section block 12 and the drainage cavity 14 of the adjacent middle section block 11, and the bottom horizontal height of the drainage cavity 14 of the middle section block 11 is lower than the bottom of the drainage cavity 14 of the side section block 12.

[0037] Of course, in order to balance the drainage of the drainage cavities 14 of the two middle sections 11, a transverse blind pipe 141 is also provided between the drainage cavities 14 of the two middle sections 11.

[0038] like Figure 3 As shown, the top of the drainage cavity 14 of the middle section block 11 is provided with inspection wells 111, and the specific interval between adjacent inspection wells 111 is 30-50m; in sections with large water flow and more karst or crystal water, the interval between inspection wells 111 can be appropriately shortened to 30m; in sections with stable water flow and stable rock mass, the interval between inspection wells 111 can be widened to 50m.

[0039] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of this utility model and are not intended to limit it. Although this utility model has been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications or equivalent substitutions can be made to the technical solutions of this utility model without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of this utility model, and all such modifications or substitutions should be covered within the scope of the claims of this utility model.

Claims

1. A prefabricated secondary lining for highway tunnels, characterized in that: It includes inverted arches laid out in sequence and an arch crown set on the upper side of the inverted arches; The dome includes several general blocks arranged in an arc shape around the perimeter and a capping block, with adjacent general blocks or capping blocks being in close contact with each other; The joints between adjacent vaults, and between the general block and the capping block, are longitudinally axially symmetrical.

2. The prefabricated secondary lining for highway tunnels as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The formula for the center angle of the arch and the center angle of the general block and the capping block is: θ=n*α+α / 2; The center angle of the arch is θ, the center angle of the universal block is α, the center angle of the capping block is α / 2, and the number of universal blocks is n.

3. A prefabricated secondary lining for highway tunnels as described in claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The inverted arch includes a central section and side sections, with side sections on both sides of the central section, and the bottom of the arch is connected to the two side sections on both sides.

4. The prefabricated secondary lining for highway tunnels as described in claim 3, characterized in that: The top of both the middle section and the side section is provided with a roughened surface. A 10-30cm cast-in-place leveling layer is provided on the upper side of the roughened surface. The cast-in-place leveling layer is connected to the bottom of the arch on both sides.

5. The prefabricated secondary lining for highway tunnels as described in claim 3, characterized in that: The middle section and the two side sections form an arch-shaped inverted arch, with the arch shape set at the bottom.

6. The prefabricated secondary lining for highway tunnels as described in claim 5, characterized in that: Both the middle section and the side section have at least one drainage cavity, which is oriented towards the length of the invert arch. The drainage cavities of the side section are all connected to the drainage cavity of the middle section.

7. The prefabricated secondary lining for highway tunnels as described in claim 6, characterized in that: A transverse blind pipe connects the drainage cavity of the side section and the drainage cavity of the middle section, and the bottom of the drainage cavity of the middle section is lower than the bottom of the drainage cavity of the side section.

8. The prefabricated secondary lining for highway tunnels as described in claim 7, characterized in that: Two of the side segments are provided with oblique blind pipes on opposite sides. The oblique blind pipes are connected to the nearest drainage cavity. The oblique blind pipes are set at an angle, and the connection between the oblique blind pipes and the drainage cavity of the side segments is at the lowest position.

9. The prefabricated secondary lining for highway tunnels as described in claim 7, characterized in that: The drainage cavity of the middle section is equipped with an inspection well.

10. The prefabricated secondary lining for highway tunnels as described in claim 9, characterized in that: The interval between adjacent inspection wells is 30-50m.

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