A tunnel ventilation system

Abstract

The utility model relates to a tunnel construction technical field, concretely relates to a tunnel ventilation system, including air supply pipeline, air supply pipeline includes: longitudinal air supply pipe, longitudinal air supply pipe is connected in the tunnel, the export of longitudinal air supply pipe extends to the big mileage direction of tunnel, the import of longitudinal air supply pipe extends to the tunnel's mouth; Vertical adapter pipe, vertical adapter pipe is connected in the side wall of shield well near tunnel mouth, vertical adapter pipe one end communicates with the import of longitudinal air supply pipe, vertical adapter pipe other end extends to shield well outside upwards; Fan, fan sets up in shield well outside, fan communicates with the end portion of vertical adapter pipe outside shield well. The utility model can overcome the existing tunnel ventilation system will intrude shield well's hoisting space, lead to the collision of hoisting object and wind bag easily, thereby causing the technical problem of wind bag air leakage even break.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of tunnel construction technology, and in particular to a tunnel ventilation system. Background Technology

[0002] During tunnel construction, a shield shaft is constructed at the tunnel entrance for operations such as shield machine launching, receiving, earthwork transportation, and ventilation and drainage. The shield shaft contains launching or receiving bases, reaction supports, ventilation systems, and drainage systems. The ventilation system typically includes a fan and air ducts (also known as air belts). The fan is located inside the shield shaft, while the air ducts are horizontally positioned, with one end connected to the fan and the other extending towards the tunnel's maximum mileage. Activating the fan delivers fresh air through the air ducts towards the tunnel's maximum mileage, maintaining parameters such as oxygen content, humidity, and temperature within the specified range according to construction standards.

[0003] However, during tunnel construction, cranes are often used to repeatedly move materials or equipment inside and outside the shield tunnel shaft (for example, using cranes to repeatedly lift soil boxes inside and outside the shield tunnel shaft to transport excavated soil). The space inside the shield tunnel shaft is narrow, and ventilation bags often inevitably intrude into the lifting space, causing the lifted objects to easily collide with the ventilation bags, resulting in air leakage or even breakage of the ventilation bags. This not only leads to a decrease in the air supply efficiency of the ventilation system or even a complete interruption, thus threatening the life safety of personnel inside the tunnel, but also negatively impacts the speed and efficiency of lifting operations. Therefore, there is an urgent need to propose a new type of tunnel ventilation system. Utility Model Content

[0004] The purpose of this utility model is to overcome the technical problem that existing tunnel ventilation systems intrude into the hoisting space of the shield shaft, causing the hoisted object to easily collide with the air bag, thereby causing the air bag to leak or even break, and to provide a tunnel ventilation system.

[0005] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a tunnel ventilation system, including an air supply duct, the air supply duct comprising: The longitudinal air supply duct is connected inside the tunnel. The outlet of the longitudinal air supply duct extends towards the tunnel's maximum mileage, and the inlet of the longitudinal air supply duct extends to the tunnel entrance. The vertical transfer pipe is connected to the side wall of the shield shaft near the tunnel entrance. One end of the vertical transfer pipe is connected to the inlet of the longitudinal air supply pipe, and the other end of the vertical transfer pipe extends upward to the outside of the shield shaft. The fan is located outside the shield tunnel shaft, and the fan is connected to the end of the vertical transfer pipe located outside the shield tunnel shaft.

[0006] Preferably, it also includes a limiting frame, which is connected to the side wall of the shield shaft near the tunnel entrance, and the vertical transfer pipe passes through the limiting frame, with the outer side wall of the vertical transfer pipe abutting against the inner side wall of the limiting frame.

[0007] Preferably, the number of limiting frames is at least two, and the limiting frames are distributed at intervals along the length direction of the vertical transfer pipe.

[0008] Preferably, at least two adjacent limiting frames are connected by a connecting rod.

[0009] Preferably, at least one limiting frame is connected to a diagonal brace on its lower side. The diagonal brace is inclined relative to the vertical direction, and the end of the diagonal brace away from the limiting frame is connected to the side wall of the shield tunnel.

[0010] Preferably, the vertical connecting pipe is made of aluminum alloy.

[0011] Preferably, the vertical adapter pipe is divided into at least two segments along its length, and the two adjacent segments are detachably connected.

[0012] Preferably, two adjacent segments are connected to each other by a clamp.

[0013] Preferably, the longitudinal air supply duct includes an air bag.

[0014] Preferably, the longitudinal air supply duct is connected to the top of the tunnel.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows: This utility model provides a tunnel ventilation system. By extending the longitudinal air supply pipe only to the tunnel entrance and connecting it to the fan outside the shield shaft via a vertical air supply pipe connected to the side wall of the shield shaft, the system can significantly reduce the footprint of the air supply pipe inside the shield shaft. This reduces the encroachment of the air supply pipe on the hoisting space and decreases the risk of air leakage or even disconnection caused by collisions between the air supply pipe and the hoisted object. This system can better protect the lives of construction personnel inside the tunnel and reduce the interference of the air supply pipe on hoisting operations. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 This is a partial side view sectional diagram of the existing air supply duct. Figure 2 This is a partial three-dimensional sectional view of a tunnel ventilation system according to this utility model; Figure 3 yes Figure 1 A magnified schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure. Figure 4 This is a partial side view sectional view of a tunnel ventilation system according to the present invention. Figure 1 ; Figure 5 This is a partial side view sectional view of a tunnel ventilation system according to the present invention. Figure 2 ; icon: 100 - Longitudinal air supply duct; 200 - Vertical transition pipe; 210 - Elbow section; 220 - Straight section; 300 - Limiting frame; 310 - Connecting rod; 320 - Diagonal brace; 400 - Fan; 500 - Tunnel; 600 - Shield shaft. Detailed Implementation

[0017] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments. However, it should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention to the following embodiments; all technologies implemented based on the content of the present invention fall within the scope of the present invention.

[0018] Unless otherwise specified, the use of terms such as "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "center," "inner," and "outer" to indicate orientation or positional relationships in the description of specific embodiments of this utility model is based on the orientation or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, or the orientation or positional relationship in which the utility model product / equipment / device is typically placed during use. These terms are merely for the purpose of facilitating the description of the utility model solution or simplifying the description in specific embodiments, enabling those skilled in the art to quickly understand the solution, and do not indicate or imply that a specific device / component / element must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific positional relationship. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this utility model.

[0019] Furthermore, the use of terms such as "horizontal," "vertical," "suspended," and "parallel" does not imply that the corresponding device / component / element must be absolutely horizontal, vertical, suspended, or parallel, but rather that it can be slightly tilted or have a deviation. For example, "horizontal" merely means that its direction is more horizontal relative to "vertical," not that the structure must be completely horizontal, but can be slightly tilted. Alternatively, it can be simplified to mean that the corresponding device / component / element, when set in a "horizontal," "vertical," "suspended," or "parallel" direction, can have an error / deviation of ±10% relative to the corresponding direction, more preferably within ±8%, more preferably within ±6%, more preferably within ±5%, and more preferably within ±4%. As long as the corresponding device / component / element is within the error / deviation range, it can still achieve its function in the present invention.

[0020] Furthermore, the use of terms such as "first," "second," and "third" in terminology is merely for distinguishing descriptions of identical or similar components and should not be interpreted as emphasizing or implying the relative importance of a particular component.

[0021] Furthermore, in the description of the embodiments of this utility model, "several", "multiple", and "several" represent at least two. The number can be any number, such as two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, or nine, and can even exceed nine.

[0022] Furthermore, in the description of the technical solution of this utility model, unless otherwise explicitly specified / limited / restricted, the terms "set up," "install," "connect," "link," "equipped with," "laid out," and "arranged" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to fixed connections, detachable connections, or integral connections; they can refer to common connection methods in the art, such as welding, riveting, bolting, and threaded connections. Such connections can be mechanical, electrical, or communication connections; they can be direct connections or indirect connections through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal communication between two components.

[0023] Example 1 like Figures 2 to 4 As shown, a tunnel ventilation system includes an air supply duct, which comprises a longitudinal air supply pipe 100, a vertical transfer pipe 200, and a fan 400. The longitudinal air supply pipe 100 is connected to the tunnel 500, and its outlet extends in the direction of the tunnel 500's mileage to the location requiring ventilation (e.g., the tunnel face or the tail of the tunnel boring machine). The inlet of the longitudinal air supply pipe 100 extends to the tunnel entrance of the tunnel 500. The vertical transfer pipe 200 is connected to the shield shaft 600 near the tunnel 500. On the side wall of the 00 opening, one end of the vertical transfer pipe 200 is connected to the inlet of the longitudinal air supply pipe 100, and the other end of the vertical transfer pipe 200 extends upward to the outside of the shield shaft 600; the fan 400 is set outside the shield shaft 600, and the fan 400 is connected to the end of the vertical transfer pipe 200 located outside the shield shaft 600. When the fan 400 is started, fresh air outside the shield shaft 600 can be drawn in, and the fresh air will pass through the vertical transfer pipe 200 and the longitudinal air supply pipe 100 in sequence, and finally reach the location that needs ventilation.

[0024] It is important to note that Figure 2 , Figure 4 and Figure 5 The connection method between the vertical adapter pipe 200 and the fan 400 is just one example. In actual construction, the pipe between the vertical adapter pipe 200 and the fan 400 can also be bent into other shapes or set in a straight line, as long as it can meet the layout requirements of the construction site.

[0025] like Figure 1The diagram shows the layout of the existing air supply duct. The longitudinal air supply duct 100 extends horizontally from the tunnel 500 along the mileage direction to the shield shaft 600, encroaching on the hoisting space of the shield shaft 600. This makes it easy for the hoisted object to collide with the air bag. In this embodiment, the longitudinal air supply duct 100 only extends to the entrance of the tunnel 500. A vertical air supply duct connected to the side wall of the shield shaft 600 connects the longitudinal air supply duct 100 to the fan 400 outside the shield shaft 600. This significantly reduces the footprint of the air supply duct within the shield shaft 600 (the projected area of ​​the air supply duct on the ground of the shield shaft 600), thereby reducing or even completely eliminating the encroachment of the air supply duct on the hoisting space. This further reduces the risk of air leakage or even disconnection caused by collisions between the air supply duct and the hoisted object. This not only better protects the lives of construction personnel inside the tunnel 500 but also reduces the interference of the air supply duct on hoisting operations.

[0026] Furthermore, due to limitations imposed by terrain conditions, construction objectives, and other factors, some shield shafts 600 are quite deep (for example, the shield shaft 600 of a nuclear power plant drainage system needs to also function as a siphon shaft, making it both narrow and deep). If the fan 400 is directly installed inside the shield shaft 600 as in existing technologies, the air quality taken in by the fan 400 would decrease, posing a threat to the health and safety of construction workers inside the tunnel 500. In this embodiment, placing the fan 400 outside the shield shaft 600 ensures that the air taken in by the fan 400 has good quality, thereby further protecting the safety of construction workers inside the tunnel 500.

[0027] In optional implementations, depending on the sidewall structure of the shield shaft 600, the vertical connecting pipe 200 can extend straight upwards, or it can be bent or tilted to avoid structural interference.

[0028] For example Figure 4 As shown, the bottom of the vertical transfer pipe 200 is provided with three bend sections 210 from bottom to top. One end of the bottom bend section 210 extends horizontally towards the tunnel 500 mileage direction and connects with the longitudinal ventilation pipe 100, while the other end extends upward. One end of the middle bend section 210 connects with the bottom bend section 210, while the other end extends towards the tunnel 500 mileage direction. One end of the upper bend section 210 connects with the middle bend section 210, while the other end extends upward and connects with the straight section 220, thereby bypassing the shield tunnel segments protruding from the tunnel 500 opening.

[0029] For example Figure 4As shown, a bend section 210 is also provided at the top of the vertical transfer pipe 200. One end of the bend section 210 is connected to the straight section 220, and the other end extends towards the tunnel 500 mileage direction until it reaches the ground outside the shield shaft 600, so that the subsequent pipeline can be laid flat on the ground outside the shield shaft 600.

[0030] In an optional embodiment, a limiting frame 300 is also included. The limiting frame 300 is connected to the side wall of the shield shaft 600 near the entrance of the tunnel 500. The vertical connecting pipe 200 passes through the limiting frame 300, and the outer side wall of the vertical connecting pipe 200 abuts against the inner side wall of the limiting frame 300.

[0031] This embodiment can limit the relative position of the vertical transfer pipe and the side wall of the shield shaft 600 by limiting the frame 300, thereby suppressing the shaking or deformation of the vertical transfer pipe 200 due to its internal airflow or external disturbance, which is conducive to achieving more stable and efficient air delivery.

[0032] In optional embodiments, the specific shape of the limiting frame 300 includes, but is not limited to, a rectangle, a polygon, or a circle, as long as it can limit the horizontal displacement of the vertical adapter pipe 200; for example Figure 3 As shown, the limiting frame 300 is square in shape, and the side length of the square matches the diameter of the vertical adapter pipe 200, so that all four sides of the limiting frame 300 can abut against the outer wall of the vertical adapter pipe 200, thereby improving the limiting effect of the limiting frame 300.

[0033] In an optional embodiment, the connection between the limiting frame 300 and the side wall of the shield shaft 600 can adopt existing technology. For example, metal connectors can be pre-embedded in the side wall of the shield shaft 600, and then the limiting frame 300 can be threaded or welded to the metal connectors; or the limiting frame 300 can be fixed to the side wall of the shield shaft 600 by expansion bolts.

[0034] In alternative implementations, for example Figure 5 As shown, there are at least two limiting frames 300, which are spaced apart along the length of the vertical adapter pipe 200 to further enhance the limiting effect of the limiting frames 300 on the vertical adapter pipe 200.

[0035] In an optional implementation, at least two adjacent limiting frames 300 are connected by a link 310; for example, the link 310 can be connected between all the limiting frames 300 or only between some of the limiting frames 300.

[0036] This embodiment can suppress the relative displacement and deformation between two adjacent limiting frames 300 through the connecting rod 310, enhance the integrity between each limiting frame 300, and thus better suppress the shaking or deformation of the vertical connecting pipe 200, thereby further improving the stability and efficiency of air delivery.

[0037] In an optional embodiment, the connecting rod 310 can be tilted, for example... Figure 4 The connecting rod 310 in the middle can also be set vertically, as long as it can connect two adjacent limit frames 300.

[0038] In an optional embodiment, there are at least two connecting rods 310 between two adjacent limiting frames 300, and the connecting rods 310 are distributed at intervals along the circumference of the limiting frames 300.

[0039] In an optional embodiment, at least one limiting frame 300 is connected to a diagonal brace 320 on its lower side. The diagonal brace 320 is inclined relative to the vertical direction, and the end of the diagonal brace 320 away from the limiting frame 300 is connected to the side wall of the shield shaft 600.

[0040] This embodiment can suppress the downward deflection of the limiting frame 300 under vertical load, thereby ensuring that the shape of the vertical adapter pipe 200 always meets the design requirements, and thus ensuring the stability and efficiency of air delivery.

[0041] In an optional embodiment, the limiting frame 300, the connecting rod 310, and the diagonal brace 320 are all made of structural steel, such as angle steel, channel steel, or I-beams, to ensure that they have sufficient strength and rigidity.

[0042] In an optional embodiment, the vertical adapter pipe 200 is a cylindrical component made of aluminum alloy.

[0043] Compared to traditional air bags, the vertical transfer pipe 200 of this embodiment has higher strength and rigidity, and can maintain the constant cross-sectional shape of the vertical transfer pipe 200 during air delivery. It will not deform or even collapse like a flexible air bag, and can better resist air leakage or damage, thus better maintaining the stability and efficiency of air delivery.

[0044] In an optional embodiment, the vertical adapter pipe 200 is divided into at least two segments along its length, for example... Figure 4 The central vertical connecting pipe 200 is divided into at least four elbow sections 210 and at least one straight section 220; adjacent sections are detachably connected, for example by flange connection, plug-in connection or tenon connection.

[0045] This embodiment divides the vertical adapter pipe 200 into at least two smaller segments, which can reduce the manufacturing, transportation and installation difficulties of the vertical adapter pipe 200; at the same time, this embodiment can change the shape of the vertical adapter pipe 200 by adjusting the number of segments and changing the connection order of the segments, so that the vertical adapter pipe 200 can be better adapted to different construction environments.

[0046] In an optional implementation, two adjacent segments are connected to each other by clamps, which can not only ensure the reliable connection between the two adjacent segments, but also improve the sealing between the two adjacent segments and reduce the risk of the two adjacent segments separating or leaking air.

[0047] In an optional embodiment, since the longitudinal air supply duct 100 of this embodiment is located inside the tunnel 500 and there is no risk of collision with the suspended object, the longitudinal air supply duct 100 can be made of air bag to reduce the manufacturing cost of the longitudinal air supply duct 100.

[0048] In an optional embodiment, the longitudinal air supply duct 100 is connected to the top of the tunnel 500 to avoid the air supply obstructing traffic and construction inside the tunnel 500.

[0049] The above content is only a preferred embodiment of the present utility model and is not intended to limit the present utility model. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present utility model should be included within the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A tunnel ventilation system, comprising an air supply duct, characterized in that, The air supply duct includes: A longitudinal air supply duct (100) is connected inside the tunnel (500), the outlet of the longitudinal air supply duct (100) extends toward the tunnel (500) in the direction of the greatest mileage, and the inlet of the longitudinal air supply duct (100) extends to the opening of the tunnel (500). A vertical connecting pipe (200) is connected to the side wall of the shield shaft (600) near the entrance of the tunnel (500). One end of the vertical connecting pipe (200) is connected to the inlet of the longitudinal air supply pipe (100), and the other end of the vertical connecting pipe (200) extends upward to the outside of the shield shaft (600). A fan (400) is located outside the shield shaft (600), and the fan (400) is connected to the end of the vertical transfer pipe (200) located outside the shield shaft (600).

2. The tunnel ventilation system according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a limiting frame (300), which is connected to the side wall of the shield shaft (600) near the entrance of the tunnel (500), and the vertical connecting pipe (200) passes through the limiting frame (300), with the outer side wall of the vertical connecting pipe (200) abutting against the inner side wall of the limiting frame (300).

3. A tunnel ventilation system according to claim 2, characterized in that, The number of the limiting frames (300) is at least two, and the limiting frames (300) are spaced apart along the length direction of the vertical adapter pipe (200).

4. A tunnel ventilation system according to claim 3, characterized in that, At least two adjacent limiting frames (300) are connected by a link (310).

5. A tunnel ventilation system according to claim 3, characterized in that, At least one of the limiting frames (300) is connected to a diagonal brace (320) on its lower side. The diagonal brace (320) is inclined relative to the vertical direction. The end of the diagonal brace (320) away from the limiting frame (300) is connected to the side wall of the shield shaft (600).

6. A tunnel ventilation system according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that, The vertical adapter pipe (200) is an aluminum alloy component.

7. A tunnel ventilation system according to claim 6, characterized in that, The vertical adapter pipe (200) is divided into at least two segments along its length, and adjacent segments are detachably connected.

8. A tunnel ventilation system according to claim 7, characterized in that, The two adjacent segments are connected to each other by clamps.

9. A tunnel ventilation system according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that, The longitudinal air supply duct (100) includes an air bag.

10. A tunnel ventilation system according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that, The longitudinal air supply pipe (100) is connected to the top of the tunnel (500).

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