Engine and all-terrain vehicle using the same

Abstract

The application discloses an engine and an all-terrain vehicle adopting the same. The engine comprises a crankcase, a crankshaft connecting rod mechanism, a lubricating system, a water pump and a balancing mechanism. The crankshaft connecting rod mechanism is installed in the crankshaft. The crankshaft connecting rod mechanism comprises a crankshaft. The crankshaft can rotate relative to the crankcase. The lubricating system comprises an oil pump and an oil filter. The oil pump can deliver lubricating oil in the engine to corresponding lubricating areas. The oil filter can filter impurities in the lubricating oil. The water pump can drive the cooling liquid in the engine to flow. The balancing mechanism comprises a balancing shaft. The balancing shaft is in transmission connection with the crankshaft. The balancing shaft is in transmission connection with the oil pump through a chain. The oil pump is located below and in front of the crankshaft. The balancing shaft is also in transmission connection with the water pump. The water pump is located behind the crankshaft. The oil filter is connected to the crankcase. When viewed in the up-down direction of the engine, the oil filter is located between the water pump and the oil pump. Through the above arrangement, the spatial layout of each part in the engine is optimized, so that the volume of the engine is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of vehicle engineering, and in particular to an engine and an all-terrain vehicle using the engine. Background Technology

[0002] A powertrain is a collection of components that provide and transmit power for the movement of a vehicle. The powertrain includes an engine, which includes a magneto. The crankshaft of the engine is coaxially mounted with gears for connecting the engine's balance shaft, gears or sprockets for driving a water pump, and gears or sprockets for driving an oil pump. All of the above components are located on the side of the engine away from the transmission.

[0003] In related technologies, the engine's water pump and oil pump are integrated on one side of the engine's crankshaft, and the engine's oil filter is located near the water pump and oil pump.

[0004] If the engine is arranged as described above, with the water pump and oil pump integrated on the same side of the crankshaft, at least a portion of the water pump and at least a portion of the oil pump overlap vertically, resulting in a large space occupied by the engine in the vertical direction. Furthermore, the oil filter being located on the same side of the crankshaft as the water pump and oil pump further increases the space occupied by the engine in the vertical direction. Utility Model Content

[0005] The purpose of this application is to provide an engine and an all-terrain vehicle using the engine, wherein the internal components are arranged more compactly, and the engine is smaller in size in the vertical direction.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, this application adopts the following technical solution:

[0007] In a first aspect, this application provides an engine comprising a crankcase, a crankshaft connecting rod mechanism, a lubrication system, a water pump, and a balancing mechanism. The crankshaft connecting rod mechanism is mounted within a crankshaft and includes a crankshaft capable of rotating relative to the crankcase. The lubrication system includes an oil pump and an oil filter. The oil pump delivers lubricating oil from the engine to corresponding lubrication areas, and the oil filter filters impurities from the lubricating oil. The water pump drives the flow of coolant within the engine. The balancing mechanism includes a balance shaft, which is drivenly connected to the crankshaft. The balance shaft is drivenly connected to the oil pump via a chain. The oil pump is located below and in front of the crankshaft. The balance shaft is also drivenly connected to the water pump, which is located behind the crankshaft. The oil filter is connected to the crankcase. Viewed vertically along the engine, the oil filter is located between the water pump and the oil pump.

[0008] Furthermore, the oil filter is located below the water pump. Viewed vertically along the engine, the oil filter is positioned between the crankshaft and the water pump, and the oil filter and the water pump at least partially overlap.

[0009] Furthermore, the engine also includes an oil pan connected to the crankcase, with at least a portion of the oil filter located above the oil pan; a filter channel is provided at the bottom of the oil pan, through which the oil pump can absorb the lubricating oil stored in the oil pan, and the bottom surface of the oil pan is substantially parallel to the horizontal plane.

[0010] Furthermore, the oil pump has an oil pump sprocket connected to a chain. When viewed along the extension direction of the crankshaft's rotation center line, the mounting center of the oil filter is lower than the rotation center of the oil pump sprocket, and the height difference between the mounting center of the oil filter and the rotation center of the oil pump sprocket ranges from 5.1 to 7.8.

[0011] Furthermore, there are two balance shafts, which are defined as the first balance shaft and the second balance shaft. Both the first balance shaft and the second balance shaft are connected to the crankshaft drive. The first balance shaft and the second balance shaft are respectively located on the front and rear sides of the crankshaft. The first balance shaft is connected to the oil pump drive via a chain, and the second balance shaft is connected to the water pump drive.

[0012] Furthermore, the oil filter is located in front of the water pump. When viewed along the extension direction of the crankshaft's rotation center line, the line connecting the rotation center of the second balance shaft and the installation center of the oil filter forms an angle between 75° and 85° with the horizontal plane.

[0013] Furthermore, the engine also includes a magneto and a side cover. The magneto is connected to the crankshaft and can rotate synchronously with the crankshaft. The side cover is connected to the crankcase and houses the magneto. The water pump and at least part of the oil filter are located behind the side cover.

[0014] Furthermore, the engine also includes an oil cooler, which is connected to the oil pump via an oil passage located in the crankcase. The oil cooler is located between the water pump and the oil filter, and the cooling pipes connected to the water pump extend downwards and pass through the oil cooler.

[0015] Furthermore, the engine also includes a cylinder block connected to the crankcase. Viewed along the extension direction of the crankshaft's rotation center line, a first straight line is defined by connecting the rotation center of the first balance shaft to the rotation center of the crankshaft, and a second straight line is defined by connecting the rotation center of the second balance shaft to the rotation center of the crankshaft. The first straight line forms a first angle with the cylinder axis of the cylinder block, the first angle ranging from 65° to 90°. The second straight line forms a second angle with the cylinder axis of the cylinder block, the second angle being the same size as the first angle. The oil pump has an oil pump sprocket connected to a chain. A reference straight line is defined by connecting the rotation center of the oil pump sprocket to the rotation center of the first balance shaft. The reference straight line extends upwards and backwards from the engine, and the angle between the reference straight line and the horizontal plane ranges from 75° to 85°.

[0016] Secondly, this application also provides an all-terrain vehicle, which includes a frame, a suspension system, a running gear system, a powertrain, and a steering system. The suspension system includes a front suspension connected to the frame. The running gear system includes front and rear wheels connected to the front suspension. The powertrain is supported by the frame and drives the front and / or rear wheels. The steering system includes a steering handle, a steering drive mechanism, and a steering tie rod. The steering handle pulls the steering tie rod laterally through the steering drive mechanism, causing the steering tie rod to deflect the front wheels. The powertrain includes any of the aforementioned engines. The aforementioned engine, by placing the oil pump below the front of the crankshaft, placing the water pump behind the crankshaft, and placing the oil filter between the oil pump and the water pump, ensures that the oil filter, water pump, and oil pump are not completely arranged vertically, reducing the space occupied by the oil filter, water pump, and oil pump in the vertical direction of the engine, and thus reducing the space occupied by the engine itself in the vertical direction. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the powertrain in the embodiments of this application;

[0018] Figure 2 This is an exploded view of the powertrain in the embodiment of this application;

[0019] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the crankshaft and balance shaft in the embodiments of this application;

[0020] Figure 4 This is a first schematic diagram of the internal structure of the powertrain in the embodiments of this application;

[0021] Figure 5 This is a top view of the internal structure of the powertrain in the embodiment of this application;

[0022] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the accessory gear train in the embodiments of this application;

[0023] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the parking mechanism in the embodiments of this application;

[0024] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of a continuously variable transmission (CVT) according to an embodiment of this application;

[0025] Figure 9 This is a second schematic diagram of the internal structure of the powertrain in the embodiments of this application;

[0026] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the transmission method of the water pump and oil pump in the embodiments of this application;

[0027] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of some water passages and oil passages in the powertrain of the embodiment of this application;

[0028] Figure 12 This is a third schematic diagram of the internal structure of the powertrain in the embodiments of this application;

[0029] Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of an all-terrain vehicle according to an embodiment of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0030] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the present application, the technical solutions in specific embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0031] It should be noted that the terms "first," "second," and similar terms used in this application specification and claims do not indicate any order, quantity, or importance, but are merely used to distinguish different components. Similarly, "a" or "one," and similar terms do not indicate a quantity limitation, but rather indicate the presence of at least one. "A plurality" or "several" indicates at least two. Unless otherwise stated, terms such as "front and back," "left and right," "up and down," and similar terms are for illustrative purposes only and are not limited to a single location or spatial orientation. Terms such as "connected" or "linked" are not limited to physical or mechanical connections, but can include electrical connections, whether direct or indirect.

[0032] like Figure 1 As shown, this application provides a powertrain 100, which includes an engine 11 and a transmission 12. The engine 11 is a device that converts chemical energy into mechanical energy by reciprocating one or more pistons (not shown) through the pressure generated by igniting the fuel-air mixture, and outputs the generated kinetic energy to drive the transmission 12 or wheels connected thereto. The transmission 12 can change the speed and torque of the engine 11, change the gear ratio between the engine 11 and the wheels to adapt to driving conditions, realize reverse driving, and interrupt power transmission.

[0033] The engine 11 includes a housing 111, which includes a cylinder block 1111, a crankcase 1112, and an oil pan 1113 connected in sequence. The oil pan 1113 is located at the bottom of the housing 111, and forms an oil pan space 1113a for storing lubricating oil (see [link to relevant documentation]). Figure 4 The crankcase 1112 is connected to the oil pan 1113, and the crankcase 1112 forms the crankcase space 1112a (see...). Figure 4 The cylinder body 1111 forms a cylinder 1111a that houses the piston and provides reciprocating motion for the piston (see...). Figure 4 Cylinder 1111a is connected to crankcase space 1112a.

[0034] To clearly illustrate the technical solution of this application, the following are also defined: Figure 1 The diagram shows the front-to-back, left-to-right, and up-down directions of the powertrain 100. It should be noted that the front-to-back, left-to-right, and up-down directions in this document refer to the directions in which the powertrain 100 is installed in the vehicle.

[0035] like Figure 2 As shown, the engine 11 also includes a crankshaft connecting rod mechanism 112, a magneto 113, a lubrication system 114, and a balancing mechanism 115. The crankshaft connecting rod mechanism 112 is mounted in the crankcase 1112 and located within the crankcase space 1112a. The crankshaft connecting rod mechanism 112 includes a crankshaft 1121 and a connecting rod (not shown) connected to the crankshaft 1121. The rotation center line of the crankshaft 1121 is parallel to the left-right direction of the powertrain 100. The connecting rod is fitted onto the journal of the crankshaft 1121, and the end of the connecting rod facing away from the crankshaft 1121 is connected to the piston. When the piston moves within the cylinder 1111a under pressure, the connecting rod can drive the crankshaft 1121 to rotate relative to the crankcase 1112.

[0036] The magneto 113 is coaxially connected to the crankshaft 1121 and is located at one end of the crankshaft 1121. In the technical solution of this application, the other end of the crankshaft 1121 is connected to the transmission device 12.

[0037] The lubrication system 114 includes an oil pump 1141, which delivers lubricating oil from the oil pan 1113 to the corresponding lubrication areas. Lubrication areas may be the connection between the piston and connecting rod, the connection between the connecting rod and crankshaft 1121, or the connection between the crankshaft 1121 and crankcase 1112. These are merely examples of lubrication areas; any area in the engine 11 that requires lubrication to reduce wear between hardware components can have lubricating oil delivered to it by pumping it through the oil pump 1141.

[0038] The balancing mechanism 115 includes a balance shaft 1151, which is connected to the crankshaft 1121, and the rotation center line of the balance shaft 1151 is parallel to the rotation center line of the crankshaft 1121. The balance shaft 1151, through its eccentric structure that rotates in the opposite direction to the crankshaft 1121, counteracts the inertial force generated by the high-speed movement of the piston in the engine 11, thereby reducing vibration.

[0039] like Figure 3 As shown, in one implementation, the crankshaft 1121 is connected to a transmission gear 1121a at the end opposite to the magneto 113, and the crankshaft 1121 drives the balance shaft 1151 through the transmission gear 1121a. The balance shaft 1151 is connected to a drive sprocket 1151a at the end opposite to the transmission gear 1121a, and the drive sprocket 1151a can rotate synchronously with the balance shaft 1151. The drive sprocket 1151a is connected to the oil pump 1141 through a chain 1141a, so that the oil pump 1141 can work under the drive of the balance shaft 1151.

[0040] With the above configuration, the balance shaft 1151 drives the oil pump 1141, and the balance shaft 1151 serves as the medium for power transmission between the crankshaft 1121 and the oil pump 1141. This eliminates the need for a drive sprocket 1151a at the crankshaft 1121 to drive the oil pump 1141, thereby shortening the length of the crankshaft 1121. Correspondingly, the width of the crankcase 1112 can also be designed to be shorter in the left-right direction of the powertrain 100, reducing the space occupied by the powertrain 100 in the left-right direction.

[0041] Furthermore, using the balance shaft 1151 as the medium for power transmission between the crankshaft 1121 and the oil pump 1141 can also improve the flexibility of the oil pump 1141's arrangement. By changing the position of the drive sprocket 1151a on the balance shaft 1151, the arrangement of the oil pump 1141 can be adaptively adjusted.

[0042] like Figure 3 As shown in this embodiment, two balance shafts 1151 are used. Each balance shaft 1151 is connected to the crankshaft 1121 via a transmission gear 1121a, and the rotation center line of each balance shaft 1151 is parallel to the rotation center line of the crankshaft 1121. To clearly illustrate the technical solution of this application, the two balance shafts 1151 are defined as a first balance shaft 1151b and a second balance shaft 1151c. The first balance shaft 1151b and the second balance shaft 1151c are respectively disposed on the front and rear sides of the crankshaft 1121, and the drive sprocket 1151a is connected to the end of the first balance shaft 1151b that is away from the transmission gear 1121a. By using two balance shafts 1151, the inertial force generated when the crankshaft 1121 rotates can be better balanced, reducing the vibration and noise of the engine 11.

[0043] Specifically, both the first balance shaft 1151b and the second balance shaft 1151c are connected to driven gears. To clearly illustrate the technical solution of this application, the driven gear connected to the first balance shaft 1151b is defined as the first driven gear 1151d. The first driven gear 1151d is fitted onto the end of the first balance shaft 1151b facing away from the magneto 113 and is splinedly connected to the first balance shaft 1151b, enabling the first driven gear 1151d to rotate synchronously with the first balance shaft 1151b. The driven gear connected to the second balance shaft 1151c is defined as the second driven gear 1151e. The second driven gear 1151e is fitted onto the end of the second balance shaft 1151c facing away from the magneto 113 and is splinedly connected to the second balance shaft 1151c, enabling the second driven gear 1151e to rotate synchronously with the second balance shaft 1151c. The transmission gear 1121a meshes with both the first driven gear 1151d and the second driven gear 1151e simultaneously.

[0044] It should be noted that, since the crankshaft 1121 transmits power to the first balance shaft 1151b and the second balance shaft 1151c through gears, the rotation directions of the first balance shaft 1151b and the second balance shaft 1151c are opposite to the rotation direction of the crankshaft 1121, thereby reducing the inertial force generated by the uneven mass distribution of the crankshaft 1121 when it rotates.

[0045] like Figure 4 As shown, viewed along the left-right direction of the powertrain 100, the line connecting the rotation center of the first balance shaft 1151b and the rotation center of the crankshaft 1121 is defined as the first straight line 102, and the line connecting the rotation center of the second balance shaft 1151c and the rotation center of the crankshaft 1121 is defined as the second straight line 103. The rotation center of the first balance shaft 1151b coincides with its axis, and the rotation center of the second balance shaft 1151c coincides with its axis.

[0046] The first straight line 102 forms a first angle θ with the cylinder center line 101 of the cylinder block 1111, and the second straight line 103 forms a second angle γ with the cylinder center line 101 of the cylinder block 1111. The second angle γ is the same as the first angle θ. The cylinder 1111a is basically cylindrical.

[0047] Since the first included angle θ and the second included angle γ are the same, the following only limits the angle range of the first included angle θ. As one implementation, the range of the first included angle θ is 65° to 90°; further, the range of the first included angle θ is 68° to 85°. More preferably, the range of the first included angle θ is 71° to 81°.

[0048] It should be noted that having the same first angle θ and the same second angle γ allows the first balance shaft 1151b and the second balance shaft 1151c to better reduce the inertial force generated by the rotation of the crankshaft 1121. If the range of the first angle θ is too large, the first balance shaft 1151b and the second balance shaft 1151c will encroach on the positions of other components (such as the oil pump 1141, water pump 116, etc.) in the longitudinal direction of the powertrain 100, resulting in a larger space volume occupied by the powertrain 100 in the longitudinal direction. If the range of the first angle θ is too small, the first balance shaft 1151b and the second balance shaft 1151c will be too close to the cylinder 1111a, and the chain 1141a connecting the first balance shaft 1151b and the oil pump 1141 may interfere with the crankshaft 1121. It is necessary to set a corresponding chain baffle to change the extension direction of the chain 1141a, which will increase the number of parts in the engine 11 and affect the spatial layout of the engine 11. The above arrangement makes the layout of the components in the engine 11 more compact and improves the space utilization efficiency, thereby reducing the space occupied by the powertrain 100 in the front-rear direction.

[0049] like Figure 4 As shown, in one implementation, the cylinder centerline 101 of the cylinder block 1111 extends rearward and upward towards the powertrain 100, the first balance shaft 1151b is located frontward and above the crankshaft 1121, and the oil pump 1141 is located frontward and below the crankshaft 1121. This minimizes the space occupied by the first balance shaft 1151b and the oil pump 1141 in the longitudinal direction of the powertrain 100. Since the connection point between the crankcase 1112 and the cylinder block 1111 is always higher than the first balance shaft 1151b, even if the first balance shaft 1151b is positioned frontward and above the crankshaft 1121, it will not increase the vertical space occupied by the crankcase 1112. Through the above arrangement, the vertical space occupied by the powertrain 100 can be reduced without changing the vertical space occupied by the powertrain 100.

[0050] The oil pump 1141 has an oil pump sprocket 1141b connected to a chain 1141a. Viewed from the left-right direction of the powertrain 100, a reference line 104 is defined as the line connecting the rotation center of the oil pump sprocket 1141b and the rotation center of the drive sprocket 1151a. The rotation center of the oil pump sprocket 1141b coincides with its axis, and the rotation center of the drive sprocket 1151a coincides with its axis.

[0051] like Figure 4 As shown, in one implementation, the reference line 104 extends rearward and upward toward the engine 11, and the angle α between the reference line 104 and the horizontal plane 105 ranges from 75° to 85°. Further, the angle α between the reference line 104 and the horizontal plane 105 ranges from 78° to 83°. More preferably, the angle α between the reference line 104 and the horizontal plane 105 ranges from 81° to 82°.

[0052] It should be noted that the oil pump 1141 is located close to the oil pan 1113, meaning at least a portion of the oil pump 1141 is located below the crankcase space 1112a. If the included angle α is too small, with the first balance shaft 1151b fixed in position, the oil pump 1141's position will shift forward of the powertrain 100, increasing the distance between the crankshaft 1121 and the oil pump 1141 in the longitudinal direction of the powertrain 100, and increasing the space occupied by the crankcase 1112 in the longitudinal direction. If the included angle α is too large, the chain 1141a may interfere with the crankshaft 1121, requiring a corresponding chain 1141a baffle to change the extension direction of the chain 1141a, which would increase the number of components inside the engine 11 and affect the spatial layout of the engine 11. Through the above arrangement, the space occupied by the crankcase 1112 in the longitudinal direction of the powertrain 100 is reduced while ensuring that the oil pump 1141 does not encroach on other components.

[0053] like Figure 5 As shown, in one implementation, the distance between the driven gears of the first balance shaft 1151b and the second balance shaft 1151c and the inner wall of the crankcase 1112 in the left-right direction of the powertrain 100 is defined as a first length L1, and the length of the crankshaft 1121 is defined as a second length L2. The ratio of the first length L1 to the second length L2 ranges from 0.035 to 0.07. Further, the ratio ranges from 0.04 to 0.06. More preferably, the ratio ranges from 0.045 to 0.05.

[0054] It should be noted that if the ratio of the first length L1 to the second length L2 is too large, with the length of the crankshaft 1121 remaining constant, the distance between the driven gear and the inner wall of the crankcase 1112 will be too large, resulting in the crankcase 1112 occupying more space in the left-right direction of the powertrain 100. Conversely, if the ratio of the first length L1 to the second length L2 is too small, with the length of the crankshaft 1121 remaining constant, the distance between the driven gear and the inner wall of the crankcase 1112 will be too small, potentially causing interference between the driven gear and the inner wall of the crankcase 1112, or affecting the efficiency of lubricating oil flow, leading to more severe wear on the side of the driven gear facing the inner wall of the crankcase 1112. Through these settings, while ensuring the performance of the engine 11, the space utilization rate inside the crankcase 1112 is improved, and the space occupied by the powertrain 100 in its left-right direction is reduced.

[0055] like Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown, in one implementation, the transmission device 12 includes a gearbox 122, which includes an input shaft 1221, an output shaft 1223, a transmission gear set 1224, and a parking mechanism 1225. The gearbox 122 is connected to the engine 11 via the input shaft 1221. The power generated by the engine 11 is transmitted to the output shaft 1223 via the input shaft 1221. The transmission gear set 1224 is connected between the input shaft 1221 and the output shaft 1223. The transmission gear set 1224 is used to change the transmission ratio between the input shaft 1221 and the output shaft 1223. The output shaft 1223 is used to transmit the power generated by the powertrain 100 to the wheels connected to the powertrain 100. The parking mechanism 1225 is located outside the crankcase 1112 and is used to lock the output shaft 1223.

[0056] In the implementation of this application, the gearbox 122 housing is integrally formed with the crankcase 1112, and the internal space of the gearbox 122 housing is connected to the crankcase space 1112a.

[0057] Specifically, the gearbox 122 also includes an accessory gear train 1226 disposed within its housing and a drive shaft 1227 connected to the accessory gear train 1226. The drive shaft 1227 extends along the longitudinal direction of the powertrain 100 and passes through the crankcase 1112, and is capable of transmitting power to the wheels. The accessory gear train 1226 connects the output shaft 1223 and the drive shaft 1227 to transmit power from the output shaft 1223 to the drive shaft 1227. The accessory gear train 1226 is also capable of changing the rotational speed and power direction from the output shaft 1223 to the drive shaft 1227.

[0058] The accessory gear train 1226 includes at least one gear. When there are multiple gears in the accessory gear train 1226, the multiple gears have different sizes, number of teeth, and types. For example, the gear types include spiral bevel gears, disc gears, and / or double gears, etc. The conversion of the power transmission direction is achieved by the interaction of the above different types of gears.

[0059] like Figure 8 As shown, the transmission 12 also includes a continuously variable transmission (CVT) 121, which includes a drive pulley set 1211 and a driven pulley set 1212. The drive pulley set 1211 and the driven pulley set 1212 are connected by a drive belt. The drive pulley set 1211 is connected to the crankshaft 1121, and the driven pulley set 1212 is connected to the accessory gear train 1226. Along the left-right direction of the powertrain 100, the oil pump 1141 is located on the side of the drive shaft 1227 opposite to the CVT 121.

[0060] With the above configuration, the first balance shaft 1151b serves as the power transmission medium between the crankshaft 1121 and the oil pump 1141, and the drive sprocket 1151a determines the arrangement of the oil pump 1141. This positions the oil pump 1141 on the side of the drive shaft 1227 away from the continuously variable transmission (CVT) 121, allowing the drive shaft 1227 to be as close to the CVT 121 as possible. This provides more space on the side of the drive shaft 1227 away from the CVT 121, facilitating the arrangement of the oil pump 1141 and the accessory gear train 1226, and improving the space utilization efficiency within the engine 11.

[0061] like Figure 4 and Figure 5As shown, in one implementation, the engine 11 also includes a starting system 117, which includes a starter motor 1171 and a reduction gear set 1172. The starter motor 1171 is connected to the reduction gear set 1172, and the starter motor 1171 is connected to the magneto 113 via the reduction gear set 1172. The housing 111 also includes a side cover 1114, which is connected to the crankcase 1112. The side cover 1114 is used to house the magneto 113. Viewed from the left and right side of the powertrain 100, the magneto 113, the reduction gear set 1172, the first balance shaft 1151b, and the oil pump 1141 are all located within the area covered by the side cover 1114. The parking mechanism 1225 is located in front of the side cover 1114.

[0062] The crankcase 1112 includes a first housing 1112b and a second housing 1112c, with the first housing 1112b located in front of the second housing 1112c. In this embodiment, the first housing 1112b and the second housing 1112c are integrally formed, and their internal spaces are connected. The first housing 1112b houses the accessory gear train 1226, and the second housing 1112c is connected to the side cover 1114 and houses the reduction gear set 1172, the first balance shaft 1151b, and the oil pump 1141.

[0063] In the left-right direction of the powertrain 100, the width of the first housing 1112b is defined as the first width W1, and the total width of the second housing 1112c and the side cover 1114 is defined as the second width W2, where the first width W1 is less than the second width W2. As one implementation, the ratio of the first width W1 to the second width W2 ranges from 0.4 to 0.64. Further, the ratio ranges from 0.45 to 0.58. More preferably, the ratio ranges from 0.49 to 0.51. This creates a clearance space in front of the side cover 1114, which can be used as a space for arranging related vehicle accessories, such as the chassis and body panels. Since the first housing 1112b is used to house the accessory wheel system 1226, and the width of the first housing 1112b remains constant when the structure of the accessory wheel system 1226 is fixed, if the ratio is too small, although it can increase the width of the space in front of the side cover 1114 in the left and right directions, it will lead to redundant space inside the engine 11, which is not conducive to the miniaturization design of the engine 11. Through the above settings, the overall layout of the powertrain 100 is optimized, and the space occupied by the powertrain 100 is reduced while ensuring the versatility of the powertrain 100.

[0064] like Figure 9 and Figure 10 As shown, in one implementation, the engine 11 also includes a water pump 116, which is located behind the crankshaft 1121 and is connected to the second balance shaft 1151c.

[0065] When the crankshaft 1121 rotates, power is transmitted from the crankshaft 1121 to the first driven gear 1151d through the transmission gear 1121a, thereby driving the first balance shaft 1151b to rotate. When the first balance shaft 1151b rotates under the drive of the crankshaft 1121, power is transmitted from the first balance shaft 1151b to the chain 1141a through the drive sprocket 1151a, and then to the oil pump 1141 through the chain 1141a, thereby driving the oil pump 1141 to work.

[0066] Power is also transmitted from the crankshaft 1121 to the second driven gear 1151e via the transmission gear 1121a, thereby driving the second balance shaft 1151c to rotate. When the second balance shaft 1151c rotates under the drive of the crankshaft 1121, power is transmitted from the second balance shaft 1151c to the water pump 116, thereby driving the water pump 116 to work.

[0067] With the above configuration, the first balance shaft 1151b and the second balance shaft 1151c drive the oil pump 1141 and the water pump 116 respectively, making the arrangement of the components inside the engine 11 more reasonable and improving the utilization efficiency of the space inside the engine 11. Compared with related technologies, the number of parts on the crankshaft 1121 is reduced. That is, there is no need to set up structures on the crankshaft 1121 to drive the oil pump 1141 and the water pump 116. Only a transmission gear 1121a is needed to drive the oil pump 1141 and the water pump 116 simultaneously through the first balance shaft 1151b and the second balance shaft 1151c, thereby shortening the length of the crankshaft 1121 and further reducing the space occupied by the powertrain 100 in the left and right directions.

[0068] As one implementation method, the oil pump 1141 and the water pump 116 are driven by the first balance shaft 1151b and the second balance shaft 1151c respectively, so as to design the transmission ratio between the oil pump 1141 and the first balance shaft 1151b, and between the water pump 116 and the second balance shaft 1151c, so as to realize that the oil pump 1141 and the water pump 116 operate at different speeds.

[0069] With the above arrangement, on the one hand, the oil pump 1141 and the water pump 116 are respectively connected to different balance shafts 1151. The oil pump 1141 and the first balance shaft 1151b are located on the front side of the crankshaft 1121, while the water pump 116 and the second balance shaft 1151c are located on the rear side of the crankshaft 1121. This avoids the oil pump 1141, the water pump 116, and the pair of balance shafts 1151 being concentrated on one side of the crankshaft 1121, which would encroach on the position of other components. On the other hand, it facilitates the flexible adjustment of the transmission ratio between the crankshaft 1121 and the oil pump 1141, as well as the transmission ratio between the crankshaft 1121 and the water pump 116, according to the cooling and lubrication requirements of the engine 11.

[0070] like Figure 10 As shown, in one implementation, the end of the second balance shaft 1151c opposite to the second driven gear 1151e is connected to a transition gear 1151f, and the second balance shaft 1151c is driven by the water pump 116 through the transition gear 1151f. By increasing or decreasing the number of teeth on the transition gear 1151f, the transmission ratio between the water pump 116 and the second balance shaft 1151c is adjusted, so that the speed of the water pump 116 is different from the speed of the oil pump 1141.

[0071] In one implementation, the water pump 116 is located behind the crankshaft 1121. Viewed from the left-right direction along the powertrain 100, the second balance shaft 1151c is located between the water pump 116 and the crankshaft 1121. Since the second balance shaft 1151c is driven by the crankshaft 1121 and the water pump 116 is driven by the second balance shaft 1151c, the above arrangement allows for a more compact arrangement of the crankshaft 1121, the second balance shaft 1151c, and the water pump 116, reducing the space occupied by these three components in the vertical direction of the powertrain 100.

[0072] like Figure 11 As shown, specifically, the lubrication system 114 also includes an oil cooler 1142. The oil cooler 1142 is connected to the oil pump 1141 through an oil passage opened in the crankcase 1112. The oil cooler 1142 is located below the water pump 116. The cooling pipe 1161 connected to the water pump 116 extends downward and passes through the oil cooler 1142. The cooling pipe 1161 can be cooled by the oil cooler 1142.

[0073] With the above arrangement, the water pump 116 occupies part of the space in the front-rear direction of the powertrain 100. The oil cooler 1142 located below the water pump 116 utilizes the space below the water pump 116, reducing the required length of the cooling pipe 1161, reducing the overall space occupied by the water pump 116 and the oil cooler 1142, and optimizing the overall layout of the powertrain 100.

[0074] It should be noted that in the following description of engine 11, the up-down, left-right, and front-back directions of engine 11 are parallel to the up-down, left-right, and front-back directions of powertrain 100, respectively.

[0075] like Figure 12 As shown, in one implementation, the balance shaft 1151 is driven to the oil pump 1141 via a chain 1141a. The oil pump 1141 is located below and in front of the crankshaft 1121. The balance shaft 1151 is also driven to the water pump 116, which is located behind the crankshaft 1121. The lubrication system 114 also includes an oil filter 1143, which is connected to the crankcase 1112. Viewed vertically along the engine 11, the oil filter 1143 is located between the water pump 116 and the oil pump 1141.

[0076] By setting the oil filter 1143, water pump 116 and oil pump 1141 not completely along the vertical direction of the engine 11, the overall layout is optimized, the space occupied by the oil filter 1143, water pump 116 and oil pump 1141 in the vertical direction of the engine 11 is reduced, and the space occupied by the engine 11 in its own vertical direction is reduced.

[0077] In the implementation of this application, the oil filter 1143 is located below the water pump 116. When viewed along the vertical direction of the engine 11, the oil filter 1143 is disposed between the crankshaft 1121 and the water pump 116, and the oil filter 1143 and the water pump 116 at least partially overlap.

[0078] It should be noted that, when viewed along the vertical direction of the engine 11, since the water pump 116 and the oil filter 1143 are located on the same side of the crankshaft 1121 in the longitudinal direction of the engine 11, and the rear edge of the oil filter 1143 overlaps with the water pump 116, the engine 11 does not increase the space occupied by itself in the longitudinal direction.

[0079] The above settings optimize the overall layout of the engine 11. By utilizing the space below the water pump 116, the space occupied by the engine 11 in the vertical direction is reduced without increasing the space occupied by the engine 11 in the front-rear direction.

[0080] like Figure 11 and Figure 12 As shown, in one implementation, at least a portion of the oil filter 1143 is located above the oil pan 1113. A filter channel 1113b is provided at the bottom of the oil pan 1113, through which the oil pump 1141 can absorb the lubricating oil stored in the oil pan 1113, and the bottom surface of the oil pan 1113 is substantially parallel to the horizontal plane 105.

[0081] Compared to related technologies, where the bottom of the oil pan 1113 extends along the vertical direction of the engine 11 and forms a columnar structure to facilitate the storage of lubricating oil, in the present application, the bottom surface of the oil pan 1113 is substantially parallel to the horizontal plane 105, resulting in a smaller space occupied by the oil pan 1113 in the vertical direction of the engine 11 and a larger volume of the oil pan 1113.

[0082] With the above settings, the space occupied by the engine 11 in the vertical direction is reduced while ensuring the volume of the oil pan 1113.

[0083] like Figure 12As shown, in one implementation, the oil pump 1141 has an oil pump sprocket 1141b connected to the chain 1141a. Viewed along the extension direction of the rotation center line of the crankshaft 1121, the mounting center of the oil filter 1143 is lower than the rotation center of the oil pump sprocket 1141b, and the height difference H between the mounting center of the oil filter 1143 and the rotation center of the oil pump sprocket 1141b ranges from 5.1 to 7.8. Further, the height difference H ranges from 5.6 to 7. More preferably, the height difference H ranges from 6.1 to 6.3.

[0084] It should be noted that if the height difference H is too large, the lower end of the oil filter 1143 will extend beyond the bottom of the oil pan 1113, resulting in the engine 11 occupying more space in its vertical direction; if the height difference H is too small, the oil filter 1143 will encroach on the space of other components (such as the water pump 116).

[0085] Specifically, the oil filter 1143 is located in front of the water pump 116. Viewed along the extension direction of the rotation center line of the crankshaft 1121, the line L3 connecting the rotation center of the second balance shaft 1151c and the mounting center of the oil filter 1143 forms an angle β with the horizontal plane 105 ranging from 75° to 85°. Further, the angle β ranges from 78° to 82°. More preferably, the angle β ranges from 80°.

[0086] It should be noted that if the included angle β is too large, at least a portion of the oil filter 1143 will be located behind the water pump 116 in the longitudinal direction of the engine 11, causing an increase in the space occupied by the engine 11 in its longitudinal direction. If the included angle β is too small, the oil filter 1143 will encroach on the position of other components (such as the oil pump 1141). Through the above arrangement, the oil filter 1143 avoids encroaching on the position of other components without increasing the space occupied by the engine 11 in its longitudinal direction.

[0087] In this embodiment, the magneto 113 is connected to the crankshaft 1121 and can rotate synchronously with the crankshaft 1121. The side cover 1114 is connected to the crankcase 1112 and houses the magneto 113. The parking mechanism 1225 is located in front of the side cover 1114, and the water pump 116 and at least part of the oil filter 1143 are located behind the side cover 1114. This reduces the area covered by the side cover 1114, preventing the water pump 116 and oil filter 1143 from occupying the space in front of the side cover 1114, resulting in a more even distribution of the engine components and a more compact overall arrangement of the engine 11.

[0088] like Figure 13 As shown, this application also provides an all-terrain vehicle 10, which includes a frame 200, a suspension system 400, a running gear 300, and a powertrain 100 (see [link]). Figure 1 The vehicle includes a steering system 500, a suspension system 400 including a front suspension 41 connected to the frame 200, a running system 300 including a front wheel 31 and a rear wheel 32 connected to the front suspension 41, a powertrain 100 supported by the frame 200 and driving the front wheel 31 and / or the rear wheel 32, and a steering system 500 including a steering handle 51, a steering drive mechanism (not shown) and a steering tie rod (not shown). The steering handle 51 pulls the steering tie rod laterally through the steering drive mechanism, causing the steering tie rod to deflect the front wheel 31.

[0089] As one implementation, the powertrain 100 includes the engine 11 in any of the above embodiments.

[0090] It should be understood that those skilled in the art can make improvements or modifications based on the above description, and all such improvements and modifications should fall within the protection scope of the appended claims.

Claims

1. An engine, comprising: Crankcase; A crankshaft connecting rod mechanism, comprising a crankshaft mounted within a crankcase and rotatable relative to the crankcase; A lubrication system, comprising an oil pump and an oil filter, wherein the oil pump delivers lubricating oil from the engine to the corresponding lubrication areas, and the oil filter filters impurities from the lubricating oil; A water pump that drives the flow of coolant within the engine; A balancing mechanism, comprising a balance shaft, the balance shaft being drive-connected to the crankshaft; The feature is that the balance shaft is driven to the oil pump via a chain, the oil pump is located in front of and below the crankshaft, the balance shaft is also driven to the water pump, the water pump is located behind the crankshaft, the oil filter is connected to the crankcase, and viewed along the vertical direction of the engine, the oil filter is located between the water pump and the oil pump.

2. The engine according to claim 1, characterized in that, The oil filter is located below the water pump. When viewed along the vertical direction of the engine, the oil filter is disposed between the crankshaft and the water pump, and the oil filter and the water pump at least partially overlap.

3. The engine according to claim 1, characterized in that, The engine also includes an oil pan connected to the crankcase, with at least a portion of the oil filter located above the oil pan; a filter channel is provided at the bottom of the oil pan, through which the oil pump can absorb lubricating oil stored in the oil pan, and the bottom surface of the oil pan is substantially parallel to the horizontal plane.

4. The engine according to claim 1, characterized in that, The oil pump has an oil pump sprocket connected to the chain. When viewed along the extension direction of the rotation center line of the crankshaft, the mounting center of the oil filter is lower than the rotation center of the oil pump sprocket, and the height difference between the mounting center of the oil filter and the rotation center of the oil pump sprocket ranges from 5.1 to 7.

8.

5. The engine according to claim 1, characterized in that, The number of balance shafts is two, which are defined as the first balance shaft and the second balance shaft. Both the first balance shaft and the second balance shaft are connected to the crankshaft. The first balance shaft and the second balance shaft are respectively located on the front and rear sides of the crankshaft. The first balance shaft is connected to the oil pump via the chain, and the second balance shaft is connected to the water pump.

6. The engine according to claim 5, characterized in that, The oil filter is located in front of the water pump. When viewed along the extension direction of the rotation center line of the crankshaft, the angle formed by the line connecting the rotation center of the second balance shaft and the installation center of the oil filter with the horizontal plane is in the range of 75° to 85°.

7. The engine according to claim 1, characterized in that, The engine also includes a magneto and a side cover. The magneto is connected to the crankshaft and can rotate synchronously with the crankshaft. The side cover is connected to the crankcase and houses the magneto. The water pump and at least part of the oil filter are located behind the side cover.

8. The engine according to claim 1, characterized in that, The engine also includes an oil cooler, which is connected to the oil pump via an oil passage located in the crankcase. The oil cooler is located between the water pump and the oil filter. A cooling pipe connected to the water pump extends downward and passes through the oil cooler, and can be cooled by the oil cooler.

9. The engine according to claim 5, characterized in that, The engine also includes a cylinder block connected to the crankcase. Viewed along the extension direction of the crankshaft's rotation center line, a first straight line is defined by connecting the rotation center of the first balance shaft to the rotation center of the crankshaft, and a second straight line is defined by connecting the rotation center of the second balance shaft to the rotation center of the crankshaft. The first straight line forms a first angle with the cylinder axis of the cylinder block, the angle ranging from 65° to 90°. The second straight line forms a second angle with the cylinder axis of the cylinder block, the second angle being the same size as the first angle. The oil pump has an oil pump sprocket connected to the chain. A reference straight line is defined by connecting the rotation center of the oil pump sprocket with the rotation center of the first balance shaft. The reference straight line extends upward and backward of the engine, and the angle between the reference straight line and the horizontal plane is in the range of 75° to 85°.

10. An all-terrain vehicle, comprising: Frame; A suspension system, comprising a front suspension connected to the vehicle frame; A running system, comprising a front wheel and a rear wheel connected to the front suspension; A powertrain, which is supported by the frame and drives the front wheels and / or the rear wheels; The steering system includes a steering handle, a steering drive mechanism, and a steering tie rod. The steering handle pulls the steering tie rod laterally through the steering drive mechanism, causing the steering tie rod to deflect the front wheels. The powertrain is characterized in that it comprises the engine according to any one of claims 1-9.

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