A gearbox labyrinth vent housing and vehicle

Abstract

The utility model provides a kind of gearbox labyrinth vent casing and vehicle, it is related to vehicle technical field, gearbox labyrinth vent casing includes rear cover, with the rear cover junction gearbox casing, and the insulating chamber being arranged between the rear cover with the gearbox casing;Three-dimensional labyrinth structure being composed of by staggered arrangement baffle is equipped in the insulating chamber, the upper portion of the three-dimensional labyrinth structure is equipped with baffle structure;The top of the insulating chamber is equipped with the venting plug being communicated with the three-dimensional labyrinth structure, bottom is equipped with the air inlet being communicated with gearbox interior.This application can significantly improve the capture efficiency of oil droplets or oil mist, improve the cleanliness of gas reaching venting plug, thereby completely solve the technical problem of oil gas infiltration, block high-performance high-molecular gas permeable membrane, significantly prolong the service life of venting plug, ensure the long-term reliable operation of vehicle transmission system.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of vehicle technology, specifically relating to a gearbox labyrinth vent housing and a vehicle. Background Technology

[0002] In vehicle transmission systems, the internal temperature of the gearbox and other housings rises due to the agitation and heat generated by gears and other components, causing air expansion and creating positive pressure; conversely, negative pressure may form during cooling. This pressure imbalance can cause serious problems: positive pressure may lead to oil leakage from seals, while negative pressure may draw in external dust and moisture, contaminating the internal working medium and damaging components. Therefore, installing a vent plug at the highest point of the housing to continuously balance the internal and external pressures is a crucial technical measure for maintaining the sealing integrity and operational reliability of the transmission system.

[0003] To resolve the contradiction between pressure balance and preventing oil leakage, existing vent plugs typically employ internal structures to block oil. Common structures include two types: the first is a simple baffle structure, which blocks large oil droplets generated by gear splashing, but its effectiveness in separating fine oil mist dispersed with the airflow is limited; the second is a two-dimensional labyrinth structure, which uses staggered baffles to create multiple turns in the airflow path, achieving separation through inertial collisions of oil droplets. However, its airflow channel is usually confined to a single plane, resulting in a limited total path length and poor cooling of the oil-air mixture. To further improve water-resistant performance, existing technologies often introduce a polymer permeable membrane into the vent plug to effectively block liquid water intrusion. However, the permeable membrane has poor oil tolerance; under long-term operation, unseparated oil mist gradually wets and clogs the micropores of the permeable membrane, leading to a significant decrease in its permeability or even failure, ultimately resulting in loss of pressure balance and causing seal leakage or internal negative pressure damage. Utility Model Content

[0004] Therefore, the purpose of this utility model is to provide a gearbox labyrinth vent housing, which aims to solve the technical problems in the background art mentioned above.

[0005] One aspect of this utility model is to provide a gearbox labyrinth vent housing, including a rear cover, a gearbox housing that engages with the rear cover, and an isolation chamber disposed between the rear cover and the gearbox housing; The isolation chamber is equipped with a three-dimensional maze structure composed of staggered partitions, and a baffle structure is provided above the three-dimensional maze structure; The top of the isolation chamber is provided with a vent plug that communicates with the three-dimensional labyrinth structure, and the bottom is provided with an air inlet that communicates with the inside of the gearbox.

[0006] Compared with existing technologies, the beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: By combining a three-dimensional labyrinth structure with a baffle structure, the oil-gas mixture must first undergo thorough separation through the three-dimensional labyrinth structure from bottom to top, and then be finally intercepted by the baffle structure. This multi-stage filtration mechanism of "labyrinth first, baffle later," through the synergistic effect of inertial collision, path tortuosity, and condensation, greatly improves the capture efficiency of oil droplets or oil mist, increases the cleanliness of the gas reaching the vent plug, and thus completely solves the technical problem of oil-gas wetting and clogging of the high-performance polymer breathable membrane, significantly extends the service life of the vent plug, and ensures the long-term reliable operation of the vehicle's transmission system.

[0007] Furthermore, the baffle structure includes: A rear cover baffle is disposed on the rear cover; A variable-shell baffle is disposed on the gearbox housing. After the rear cover is joined to the gearbox housing, the rear cover baffle and the variable-shell baffle are interleaved.

[0008] Furthermore, the portion of the outer shell on the rear cover and / or the gearbox housing corresponding to the isolation chamber constitutes the heat dissipation wall of the three-dimensional labyrinth structure.

[0009] Furthermore, the bottom of the isolation chamber is also provided with an oil return hole.

[0010] Furthermore, the three-dimensional maze structure is formed by interlocking a rear cover maze unit integrally formed on the inner side of the rear cover and a variable shell maze unit integrally formed on the inner side of the gearbox housing.

[0011] Furthermore, the rear cover labyrinth unit includes a plurality of rear cover partitions extending inward from its circumferential sidewalls, and the variable shell labyrinth unit includes a plurality of variable shell partitions extending inward from its circumferential sidewalls; the rear cover partitions and the variable shell partitions are staggered after the rear cover is joined to the gearbox housing to form a tortuous oil and gas path.

[0012] Furthermore, some of the rear cover partition and the variable shell partition are continuous plates, with both ends connected to the cavity wall; some of the rear cover partition and the variable shell partition are discontinuous plates, with one end connected to the cavity wall and the other end forming a gap between it and the adjacent cavity wall for airflow. The disconnected plates and continuous plates on the rear cover labyrinth unit and the variable shell labyrinth unit are arranged alternately after the rear cover is joined to the gearbox housing.

[0013] Furthermore, the gearbox labyrinth vent housing also includes a variable housing vertical hole and a variable housing horizontal hole provided on the gearbox housing, and a rear cover vertical hole and a rear cover horizontal hole provided on the rear cover. After the rear cover is engaged with the gearbox housing, the variable housing horizontal hole aligns with the rear cover horizontal hole.

[0014] Another aspect of this utility model is to provide a vehicle including the aforementioned gearbox labyrinth vent housing. Attached Figure Description

[0015] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the gearbox labyrinth vent housing according to an embodiment of the present utility model; Figure 2 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the back cover according to an embodiment of the present utility model; Figure 3 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the gearbox housing according to an embodiment of the present utility model; Figure 4 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the rear cover maze unit according to an embodiment of the present utility model; Figure 5 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the variable shell labyrinth unit according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0016] Key component symbols: 100, Rear cover; 110, Rear cover maze unit; 111, Rear cover maze upper plate; 112, Rear cover maze lower plate; 113, Rear cover maze left plate; 114, Rear cover maze right plate; 115, Rear cover maze first partition; 116, Rear cover maze second partition; 117, Rear cover maze third partition; 118, Rear cover maze fourth partition; 119, Rear cover maze fifth partition; 120, Rear cover baffle; 130, Rear cover horizontal hole; 140, Rear cover vertical hole; 200, Variable... Gearbox housing; 210, Variable housing labyrinth unit; 211, Variable housing labyrinth upper plate; 212, Variable housing labyrinth lower plate; 213, Variable housing labyrinth left plate; 214, Variable housing labyrinth right plate; 215, Variable housing labyrinth first partition; 216, Variable housing labyrinth second partition; 217, Variable housing labyrinth third partition; 218, Variable housing labyrinth fourth partition; 219, Variable housing labyrinth fifth partition; 220, Variable housing baffle; 230, Variable housing vertical hole; 240, Variable housing horizontal hole; 250, Oil return hole; 300, Breather plug.

[0017] The following detailed description, in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, will further illustrate this utility model. Detailed Implementation

[0018] To facilitate understanding of this utility model, a more complete description of it will be provided below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Several embodiments of this utility model are shown in the drawings. However, this utility model can be implemented in many different forms and is not limited to the embodiments described herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided to make the disclosure of this utility model more thorough and complete.

[0019] It should be noted that when an element is referred to as being "fixed to" another element, it can be directly on the other element or there may be an intervening element. When an element is referred to as being "connected to" another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or there may be an intervening element. The terms "vertical," "horizontal," "left," "right," and similar expressions used herein are for illustrative purposes only.

[0020] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention pertains. The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention. The term "and / or" as used herein includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.

[0021] Please see Figures 1 to 5 As shown in the figure, a gearbox labyrinth vent housing in an embodiment of the present invention includes a rear cover 100, a gearbox housing 200 joined to the rear cover 100, and an isolation chamber disposed between the rear cover 100 and the gearbox housing 200. The isolation chamber is provided with a three-dimensional labyrinth structure composed of staggered partitions. A baffle structure is provided above the three-dimensional labyrinth structure. A vent plug 300 communicating with the three-dimensional labyrinth structure is provided at the top of the isolation chamber, and an air inlet communicating with the inside of the gearbox is provided at the bottom.

[0022] It is worth noting that, due to the combination of a three-dimensional labyrinth structure and an upper baffle structure, the oil-gas mixture must first undergo thorough separation through the three-dimensional labyrinth structure from bottom to top, and then be finally intercepted by the baffle structure. This multi-stage filtration mechanism, with its labyrinth first and baffle later, greatly improves the capture efficiency of oil (whether droplets or mist) through the synergistic effect of inertial collision, path tortuosity, and condensation, significantly increasing the cleanliness of the gas reaching the vent plug 300. This completely solves the technical problem of oil-gas wetting and clogging of the high-performance polymer breathable membrane, significantly extending the service life of the vent plug 300 and ensuring the long-term reliable operation of the transmission system. The gearbox labyrinth vent housing is mainly used in electric drive systems and vehicles. Its core function is to achieve efficient pressure balance between the internal and external environments of the gearbox, while ensuring that the internal oil and oil-gas are effectively isolated and cannot reach the vent plug 300.

[0023] Among them, the rear cover 100 serves as the main exposed heat dissipation component and the general carrier of the labyrinth structure; the gearbox housing 200 is connected to the rear cover 100, and the connection between the two is provided with a common isolation chamber. The vent plug 300 is installed on the rear cover 100 to ultimately achieve internal and external air pressure balance.

[0024] In this embodiment, the baffle structure includes a rear cover baffle 120 disposed on the rear cover 100 and a variable shell baffle 220 disposed on the gearbox housing 200. Further, the portion of the outer shell on the rear cover 100 and / or the gearbox housing 200 corresponding to the isolation chamber forms a heat dissipation wall surface of a three-dimensional labyrinth structure. Heat exchange with the outside air is achieved through the heat dissipation wall surface to reduce the temperature of the oil entering the labyrinth cavity, thereby accelerating the liquefaction of the oil mist.

[0025] Furthermore, an oil return hole 250 is provided at the bottom of the isolation chamber. In this embodiment, the oil return hole 250 is provided on the gearbox housing 200 and is located at the bottom of the isolation chamber.

[0026] In this embodiment, the three-dimensional maze structure is formed by the interlocking of a rear cover maze unit 110 integrally formed inside the rear cover 100 and a variable shell maze unit 210 integrally formed inside the gearbox housing 200. Specifically, the rear cover maze unit 110 includes a plurality of rear cover partitions extending inward from its circumferential sidewalls, and the variable shell maze unit 210 includes a plurality of variable shell partitions extending inward from its circumferential sidewalls; the rear cover partitions and variable shell partitions are staggered after the rear cover 100 and the gearbox housing 200 are joined to form a tortuous oil and gas path.

[0027] Furthermore, some of the rear cover partitions and the variable shell partitions are continuous plates, with both ends connected to the cavity walls of the isolation chamber; some of the rear cover partitions and the variable shell partitions are discontinuous plates, with one end connected to the cavity wall of the isolation chamber and the other end forming a gap between it and the adjacent cavity wall for airflow.

[0028] Furthermore, the gearbox labyrinth vent housing of this application also includes a vertical hole 230 and a horizontal hole 240 on the gearbox housing 200, and a vertical hole 130 and a horizontal hole 140 on the rear cover 100. After the rear cover 100 is engaged with the gearbox housing 200, the horizontal hole 140 of the rear cover aligns with the horizontal hole 240 of the horizontal hole to receive gas from the gearbox housing. In this embodiment, the horizontal hole 130 of the rear cover is vertically connected to the vertical hole 140 of the rear cover, and the vertical hole 230 of the horizontal hole 240 of the horizontal hole is vertically connected to the horizontal hole 240 of the horizontal hole. The vent plug 300 is installed in the end of the vertical hole 140 of the rear cover. Gas passes through the vertical hole 230, the horizontal hole 240, the horizontal hole 130, and the vertical hole 140 of the rear cover sequentially from bottom to top, and finally exits from the vent plug 300.

[0029] In this embodiment, combined with Figure 2 and Figure 4The rear cover 100 integrates a rear cover maze unit 110, the main body of which is formed by the rear cover maze upper plate 111, rear cover maze lower plate 112, rear cover maze left plate 113, and rear cover maze right plate 114, forming a cavity with a similar rectangular shape. This main body is arranged parallel to the rear cover baffle 120. Furthermore, inside this cavity, there are multiple rear cover partitions extending inward, specifically including a rear cover maze first partition 115, a rear cover maze second partition 116, a rear cover maze third partition 117, a rear cover maze fourth partition 118, and a rear cover maze fifth partition 119. The layout of these partitions is specially designed to form a key structure that alternates between "disconnected" and "continuous": the first partition 115, the third partition 117, and the fifth partition 119 of the rear cover maze are disconnected partitions, with one end connected to the lower partition 112 of the rear cover maze and the other end connected to the upper partition 111 of the rear cover maze through a gap, thereby forming an airflow channel; the second partition 116 and the fourth partition 118 of the rear cover maze are continuous partitions, with both ends connected to the lower partition 112 and the upper partition 111 of the rear cover maze, respectively.

[0030] The rear cover baffle 120 is located on the upper part of the rear cover labyrinth unit 110, and the lower part of the rear cover labyrinth unit 110 is disconnected from the flange mating surface. This design enables it to effectively intercept the rising airflow and capture any oil droplets that may be carried.

[0031] After the rear cover is joined to the gearbox housing, the rear cover labyrinth unit 110 and the variable shell labyrinth unit 210 interlock through their staggered internal ribs to form a complex three-dimensional labyrinth structure. This structure greatly extends and optimizes the oil-gas separation path.

[0032] In this embodiment, combined with Figure 3 and Figure 5 The gearbox housing 200 integrates a variable-shell labyrinth unit 210, the main body of which is surrounded by a variable-shell labyrinth upper plate 211, a variable-shell labyrinth lower plate 212, a variable-shell labyrinth left plate 213, and a variable-shell labyrinth right plate 214. This main body is arranged parallel to the variable-shell baffle 220. Inside this cavity, there are multiple inwardly extending variable-shell partitions, specifically including a first variable-shell labyrinth partition 215, a second variable-shell labyrinth partition 216, a third variable-shell labyrinth partition 217, a fourth variable-shell labyrinth partition 218, and a fifth variable-shell labyrinth partition 219.

[0033] The internal structure of the variable-shell maze unit 210 complements that of the rear cover maze unit 110: the left plate 213, right plate 214, second partition 216, and fourth partition 218 of the variable-shell maze are discontinuous plates, with one end connected to the upper plate 211 and the other end having a gap between them and the lower plate 212; while the first partition 215, third partition 217, and fifth partition 219 of the variable-shell maze are continuous plates, with both ends connected to the upper plate 211 and the lower plate 212, respectively. This complementary design allows the partitions of the rear cover and the gearbox housing to be perfectly staggered after assembly, forming a complex three-dimensional maze passage.

[0034] The variable shell baffle 220 is located on the upper part of the variable shell labyrinth 210, and its position corresponds to the rear cover baffle 120. The two work together to perform final purification of the gas after separation in the labyrinth.

[0035] The vertical orifice 230 of the variable shell serves as the main inlet for the oil-gas mixture and is located at the bottom of the isolation chamber; the horizontal orifice 240 of the variable shell is vertically connected to the vertical orifice 230 of the variable shell and is used to guide the gas horizontally to the rear cover.

[0036] The oil return hole 250 is located at the bottom of the isolation chamber formed by the rear cover and the gearbox housing. It is used to collect all the separated and condensed liquid oil and guide it back into the gearbox to complete the recycling of the oil.

[0037] In practical application, the working principle of the gearbox labyrinth vent housing of this application is as follows: First, the rear cover and the gearbox housing are assembled and joined, specifically by fitting their flange surfaces together and then fixing them. In the assembled state, the rear cover labyrinth unit 110 and the variable housing labyrinth unit 210 are interlocked, and their partitions are interlaced to form a complex three-dimensional labyrinth structure, which is located at the highest position of the entire gearbox assembly. The rear cover baffle 120 and the variable housing baffle 220 are spatially aligned to form the upper baffle structure. The rear cover horizontal hole 130 and the variable housing horizontal hole 240 are precisely aligned to form a continuous airflow channel.

[0038] The oil-gas mixture inside the transmission follows this path under the influence of pressure difference and thermal convection: The mixture first enters the bottom of the isolation chamber from the variable housing air inlet located at the bottom of the transmission housing. Within this chamber, the gas is forced to repeatedly circulate between the staggered ribs of the three-dimensional labyrinth structure, resulting in an extremely tortuous path. During this process, oil and oil mist collide with the walls of the three-dimensional labyrinth structure through inertial impact and condense and liquefy through heat exchange with the rear cover exposed to the air, thus being effectively separated. The gas, initially purified by the three-dimensional labyrinth structure, rises and impacts the rear cover baffle 120 and the variable housing baffle 220. Any remaining oil droplets carried by the gas are ultimately captured. The gas, further purified by the baffle structure, passes sequentially through the variable housing vertical hole 230, the variable housing horizontal hole 240, the rear cover horizontal hole 130, and the rear cover vertical hole 140 before finally being discharged through the vent plug 300. The liquid oil separated from all the labyrinth walls and baffles flows down the walls under the action of gravity, eventually converging at the return oil hole 250 at the bottom of the isolation chamber, and smoothly returning to the transmission oil pan, completing a closed cycle.

[0039] In another embodiment, the gearbox labyrinth vent housing is not only suitable for traditional gearboxes, but also, due to its excellent protection performance for the vent plug 300, is particularly suitable for electric drive systems and vehicles equipped with high-performance polymer breathable membranes. It meets the stringent requirements of modern electric vehicles for high reliability and high water wading performance, and has broad market application prospects.

[0040] In summary, this utility model has achieved the following groundbreaking and beneficial effects: By employing a combination of a three-dimensional labyrinth structure and an upper baffle structure, the oil-gas mixture must first undergo thorough separation through the three-dimensional labyrinth structure from bottom to top, and then be finally intercepted by the baffle structure. This multi-stage filtration mechanism, with its labyrinth-baffle approach, significantly improves the capture efficiency of oil droplets or mist through the synergistic effect of inertial collision, path tortuosity, and condensation. This greatly enhances the cleanliness of the gas reaching the vent plug, thus completely solving the technical challenges of oil-gas wetting and clogging of the high-performance polymer breathable membrane, significantly extending the service life of the vent plug, and ensuring the long-term reliable operation of the transmission system.

[0041] By exposing the rear cover and / or the outer shell of the gearbox housing to the air, the housing itself acts as a radiator to actively cool the oil and gas in the isolated chamber, accelerating the condensation and liquefaction process of the oil and gas, and transforming the difficult-to-capture gaseous oil mist into liquid oil droplets that are easier to separate, thereby fundamentally improving the separation efficiency.

[0042] By setting up return oil holes, all the separated liquid oil can automatically and smoothly flow back into the gearbox under the action of gravity, avoiding the accumulation of oil in the isolation chamber. This not only maintains the unobstructed passage in the three-dimensional labyrinth structure, but also realizes the recycling of lubricating oil and avoids oil waste.

[0043] By setting up staggered rear cover baffles and variable shell baffles, and using the alternating layout of disconnected plates and continuous plates to form specific gaps and airflow channels, the gas flow path is forced to turn multiple times, which greatly increases the probability and number of times oil droplets collide with the wall due to inertia, thus achieving efficient separation of oil.

[0044] In the description of this specification, the references to terms such as "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., indicate that a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples.

[0045] The embodiments described above are merely illustrative of several implementations of this utility model, and their descriptions are relatively specific and detailed. However, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of this utility model patent. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of this utility model, and these all fall within the protection scope of this utility model. Therefore, the protection scope of this utility model patent should be determined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A gearbox labyrinth vent housing, characterized in that, It includes a rear cover, a gearbox housing that engages with the rear cover, and an isolation chamber disposed between the rear cover and the gearbox housing; The isolation chamber is equipped with a three-dimensional maze structure composed of staggered partitions, and a baffle structure is provided above the three-dimensional maze structure; The top of the isolation chamber is provided with a vent plug that communicates with the three-dimensional labyrinth structure, and the bottom is provided with an air inlet that communicates with the inside of the gearbox.

2. The gearbox labyrinth vent housing according to claim 1, characterized in that, The baffle structure includes: A rear cover baffle is disposed on the rear cover; A variable-shell baffle is disposed on the gearbox housing. After the rear cover is joined to the gearbox housing, the rear cover baffle and the variable-shell baffle are interleaved.

3. The gearbox labyrinth vent housing according to claim 1, characterized in that, The rear cover and / or the portion of the outer shell on the gearbox housing corresponding to the isolation chamber constitutes the heat dissipation wall of the three-dimensional labyrinth structure.

4. The gearbox labyrinth vent housing according to claim 1, characterized in that, The bottom of the isolation chamber is also provided with an oil return hole.

5. The gearbox labyrinth vent housing according to claim 1, characterized in that, The three-dimensional maze structure is formed by the interlocking of a rear cover maze unit integrally formed on the inner side of the rear cover and a variable shell maze unit integrally formed on the inner side of the gearbox housing.

6. The gearbox labyrinth vent housing according to claim 5, characterized in that, The rear cover labyrinth unit includes a plurality of rear cover partitions extending inward from its circumferential sidewalls, and the variable shell labyrinth unit includes a plurality of variable shell partitions extending inward from its circumferential sidewalls. The rear cover partition and the variable shell partition are staggered after the rear cover is joined to the gearbox housing to form a tortuous oil and gas path.

7. The gearbox labyrinth vent housing according to claim 6, characterized in that, Some of the rear cover partition and the variable shell partition are continuous plates, with both ends connected to the cavity wall; some of the rear cover partition and the variable shell partition are discontinuous plates, with one end connected to the cavity wall and the other end forming a gap between it and the adjacent cavity wall for airflow. The disconnected plates and continuous plates on the rear cover labyrinth unit and the variable shell labyrinth unit are arranged alternately after the rear cover is joined to the gearbox housing.

8. The gearbox labyrinth vent housing according to claim 1, characterized in that, The gearbox labyrinth vent housing also includes a variable housing vertical hole and a variable housing horizontal hole provided on the gearbox housing, and a rear cover vertical hole and a rear cover horizontal hole provided on the rear cover. After the rear cover is engaged with the gearbox housing, the variable housing horizontal hole aligns with the rear cover horizontal hole.

9. A vehicle, characterized in that, Includes the gearbox labyrinth vent housing according to any one of claims 1 to 8.

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