A valve capable of timely automatic opening and closing of the vent pipe and the vent pipe flood discharge system

Abstract

The application discloses a ventilation pipe valve capable of being automatically opened and closed in time and a ventilation pipe flood discharge system. The ventilation pipe valve comprises a supporting rib plate, the supporting rib plate is annular and is matched with the sectional shape of the ventilation pipe, and the ventilation pipe valve further comprises a valve plate and a supporting hinge shaft. The valve plate has a shielding surface matched with the sectional shape of the ventilation pipe, the supporting hinge shaft is arranged on the valve plate along the plate surface, and the end of the supporting hinge shaft extending out of the valve plate is a ventilation pipe connecting end. The ventilation pipe flood discharge system comprises a flood discharge channel and a ventilation pipe on the flood discharge channel, and further comprises the ventilation pipe valve capable of being automatically opened and closed in time. The supporting rib plate is fixed in the ventilation pipe, and the supporting hinge shaft is fixed in the ventilation pipe and located below the supporting rib plate. The application has the beneficial effects of full automation and timeliness. The opening and closing are realized by relying on the physical interaction between the water flow and the valve, the response is rapid, the flow state change in the gate operation process can be accurately matched, and the cavitation erosion damage can be effectively prevented.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application belongs to the field of high-speed water flow aeration and erosion reduction in water conservancy and hydropower engineering, specifically involving a venting pipe valve and a venting pipe flood discharge system that can be automatically opened and closed in a timely manner. Background Technology

[0002] When the outlet of a high-head flood discharge channel is designed for submerged jet flow, a vent pipe is usually installed at the top of the pipe behind the valve cap working gate to solve the cavitation erosion problem caused by excessively high vacuum behind the gate during the opening and closing of the working gate. During the opening and closing of the working gate with this structure, the flood discharge channel behind the gate generally undergoes a flow pattern change process of full flow, top cavity flow, and full flow again. When the vent pipe cannot be built high enough due to structural reasons, and the head of the piezometer behind the gate when the working gate is fully open is higher than the inlet elevation of the vent pipe, the vent pipe will become a diversion channel. Since the diversion port of the vent pipe is in a high-velocity zone, it is prone to cavitation erosion damage.

[0003] In engineering design, to avoid the aforementioned diversion of the vent pipe, valves are typically installed on it. When air replenishment is needed downstream of the working gate, the valve is opened; when high-pressure full flow occurs downstream of the working gate, the valve is closed to prevent diversion. The timing of this valve's opening and closing varies with the upstream and downstream water levels during the operation of the flood discharge channel's working gate. This results in highly complex and varied valve operation methods. Failure to open and close the valve in a timely manner can lead to cavitation and erosion hazards. Opening the valve too early causes cavitation due to diversion; opening it too late causes low-pressure cavitation due to untimely air replenishment; closing it too early causes low-pressure cavitation due to interrupted air replenishment; and closing it too late causes cavitation due to diversion. Therefore, developing a vent pipe valve that can automatically open and close in a timely manner is crucial to solving this problem. Utility Model Content

[0004] The purpose of this application is to provide a vent pipe valve and a vent pipe flood discharge system that can automatically open and close in a timely manner, thereby simplifying the operation of the vent pipe valve and solving the problem of inconvenient operation of existing vent pipe valves.

[0005] The objective of this application is achieved through the following technical solution: A vent valve capable of automatically opening and closing in a timely manner includes a support rib plate, which is annular and matches the cross-sectional shape of the vent pipe. It also includes a valve plate and a hinge shaft. The valve plate has a shielding surface that matches the cross-sectional shape of the vent pipe. The hinge shaft is inserted through the upper edge of the valve plate, and the end of the hinge shaft extending out of the valve plate is the vent pipe connection end.

[0006] Furthermore, the supporting rib is annular.

[0007] Furthermore, the lower surface of the supporting rib is provided with a water-stopping washer, which is annular and matches the cross-sectional shape of the vent pipe.

[0008] Furthermore, the valve plate is a circular plate.

[0009] Furthermore, the valve plate includes a first valve plate and a second valve plate, which together form a shielding surface that matches the cross-sectional shape of the vent pipe. Both the first valve plate and the second valve plate are mounted on the hinge shaft.

[0010] Furthermore, the length of the hinge shaft is equal to the diameter of the vent pipe.

[0011] Furthermore, it also includes a support frame with a support ramp that matches the valve plate.

[0012] Furthermore, the support frame has an isosceles triangular cross-section; the length of the support frame is equal to the diameter of the vent pipe.

[0013] A vent pipe flood discharge system capable of automatic opening and closing in a timely manner includes a flood discharge channel and a vent pipe on the flood discharge channel, as well as the aforementioned vent pipe valve capable of automatic opening and closing in a timely manner. A support rib is fixed inside the vent pipe, and a hinge shaft is fixed inside the vent pipe and located below the support rib.

[0014] Furthermore, a support frame with a support ramp that matches the valve plate is fixed inside the vent pipe and located below the hinge shaft.

[0015] The beneficial effects of this application are: (1) Fully automatic and timely: It relies entirely on the physical interaction between water flow and valve to achieve opening and closing, responds quickly, and can accurately match the flow state changes during the operation of the gate, effectively preventing cavitation damage.

[0016] (2) High reliability and simplicity: There is no complicated electrical control system or transmission mechanism. The structure is simple and not easy to fail, which reduces manufacturing and maintenance costs and operation difficulty.

[0017] (3) Optimized design: The predetermined opening of the support frame not only ensures the ventilation efficiency, but also creates mechanical conditions for the valve plate to close smoothly under the action of water flow.

[0018] The aforementioned main solution and its various further alternatives can be freely combined to form multiple solutions, all of which are solutions that can be adopted and claimed in this application; furthermore, the (non-conflicting alternatives) can also be freely combined with each other and with other alternatives. Those skilled in the art, after understanding this solution, will realize from the prior art and common general knowledge that there are many combinations, all of which are technical solutions to be protected in this application, and will not be exhaustively listed here. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 This is the main view of the structure of this application.

[0020] Figure 2 This is the main view of the structural breakdown of this application.

[0021] Figure 3 This is a top view showing the structural breakdown of this application.

[0022] Figure 4 This is a three-dimensional structural view of this application.

[0023] Figure 5 This is a structural schematic diagram of the vent pipe flood discharge system of this application.

[0024] In the diagram: 1-support rib, 2-water-stop washer, 3-valve plate, 4-hinge shaft, 5-support frame, 31-first valve plate, 32-second valve plate; 100-flood discharge channel, 200-vent pipe, 300-door well. Detailed Implementation

[0025] The present application will be further described below with reference to specific embodiments and accompanying drawings.

[0026] Example 1 refer to Figures 1-4 As shown, a vent pipe valve that can automatically open and close in a timely manner includes a support rib plate 1, a water-stop washer 2, a valve plate 3, a hinge shaft 4, and a support frame 5. The core of the valve is to achieve automatic opening and closing by utilizing the valve's own gravity, buoyancy, and water flow dynamics.

[0027] The support rib 1 is annular and matches the cross-sectional shape of the vent pipe, so that the support rib 1 can be fixed to the inner wall of the vent pipe. The gas can flow through the opening in the center of the support rib 1. The annular shape of the support rib 1 itself limits and blocks the valve plate 3 that rotates below. The valve plate 3 is restricted by the support rib 1 to flip up (contact and fit) and is in a horizontal state. At this time, the vent pipe can be horizontally sealed.

[0028] The lower surface of the support rib 1 is provided with a water-stopping washer 2. The water-stopping washer 2 is annular and matches the cross-sectional shape of the vent pipe. The water-stopping washer 2 can also be placed against the inner wall of the vent pipe. Utilizing the flexible properties of the water-stopping washer 2, when the valve plate 3 closes the vent pipe, it fills the gap between the support rib 1 and the valve plate 3 to ensure good water-stopping and water-blocking effects.

[0029] The valve plate 3 has a shielding surface that matches the cross-sectional shape of the vent pipe. In a horizontal state, the valve plate 3 can close the vent pipe, while in a downward state, the valve plate 3 allows the vent pipe to be opened for ventilation. A hinge shaft 4 is provided along the upper surface of the valve plate 3. The end of the hinge shaft 4 extending out of the valve plate 3 is the connection end of the vent pipe. By fixing the hinge shaft 4 inside the vent pipe, the valve plate 3 can be hingedly installed inside.

[0030] When there is no water inside the vent pipe, the valve plate 3 hangs down under its own weight, and the vent pipe is opened to allow air to pass through. When there is water inside the vent pipe, the valve plate 3 flips upward under the action of buoyancy and water flow until it is stopped by the limit of the support rib plate 1, at which point the vent pipe is closed.

[0031] Since the vent pipe is mostly round, the supporting rib 1 and the water-stop washer 2 are preferably annular, and the valve plate 3 is preferably a circular plate. The water-stop washer 2 is preferably made of rubber, and the supporting rib 1 and the water-stop washer 2 are connected together with bolts. The supporting rib 1 has an L-shaped cross-section to ensure good support for the water-stop washer 2, and the inner circumference of the water-stop washer 2 is flush with the inner circumference of the supporting rib 1.

[0032] The valve plate 3 includes a first valve plate 31 and a second valve plate 32. By designing the valve plate 3 in sections, its flipping function can be easily realized. The first valve plate 31 and the second valve plate 32 together form a shielding surface that matches the cross-sectional shape of the vent pipe. When the vent pipe is a circular pipe, the first valve plate 31 and the second valve plate 32 are both semi-circular, forming a circular valve plate 3 as a whole.

[0033] Both the first valve plate 31 and the second valve plate 32 are mounted on the hinge shaft 4 and hinged together using a sleeve connection. The valve plates can rotate around the valve hinge shaft. Using a single hinge shaft 4 to achieve the sleeve installation of the two valve plates simplifies the connection method. When the semi-circular valve plate rotates to a horizontal position, its valve plate can fit against the lower surface of the annular water-stop washer, achieving pipeline sealing. The length of the hinge shaft 4 is equal to the diameter of the vent pipe, allowing the hinge shaft 4 to be positioned in the middle of the circular pipe, corresponding to the position of the semi-circular valve plate.

[0034] The support frame 5 has a support slope that matches the valve plate 3. The support slope restricts the downward position of the valve plate to control the opening of the vent pipe. At the same time, the valve plate in the inclined state is more likely to close smoothly under the upward action of the water flow, ensuring the valve responds quickly.

[0035] The support frame 5 preferably has an isosceles triangular cross-section to match the limiting requirements of the two semi-circular valve plates. Simultaneously, the length of the support frame 5 is equal to the diameter of the vent pipe, and the line connecting the apex angles of the triangular support frame is parallel to the axis of the valve hinge shaft, corresponding to the support position of the semi-circular valve plate (i.e., directly below the hinge shaft). The triangular support frame provides support when the semi-circular valve plate is drooping. The apex angle of the isosceles triangular support frame is approximately 15°~20°, specifically chosen to ensure that the vent pipe opening is approximately 80% when the semi-circular valve plate is drooping.

[0036] Example 2 refer to Figures 1-5 As shown, a vent pipe flood discharge system capable of automatic opening and closing in a timely manner includes a flood discharge channel 100, a vent pipe 200 on the flood discharge channel 100, and a gate well 300, and also includes the vent pipe valve capable of automatic opening and closing in a timely manner as described in Embodiment 1.

[0037] The support rib 1 is welded and fixed to the inner wall of the vent pipe 200, and the hinge shaft 4 is welded and fixed inside the vent pipe 200 and located below the support rib 1. Specifically, the valve hinge shaft is arranged below the annular water-stop washer, and both ends are welded to the inner wall of the circular vent steel pipe.

[0038] A support frame 5 with a support slope that matches the valve plate 3 is welded and fixed inside the vent pipe 200 and located below the hinge shaft 4. The two ends of the support frame 5 are welded to the inner wall of the circular vent steel pipe, and the support frame 5 and the hinge shaft 4 are kept horizontally arranged to ensure that the two sides of the support frame 5 provide stable support for the valve plate 3.

[0039] The workflow of this application is as follows: During the opening and closing of the working gate, when a negative pressure cavity appears at the top of the channel behind the working gate and requires air replenishment and pressure equalization, the two semi-circular valve plates in the vent pipe automatically droop under gravity and lean against the triangular support frame. The triangular support frame limits the maximum opening of the vent pipe valves, ensuring sufficient ventilation area at the valve orifices. When the flow behind the working gate becomes high-pressure and full-flow, the water flow will be diverted outward from the vent pipe. Under the thrust of the water flow, the semi-circular valve plates leaning against the triangular support frame will rotate around the hinge axis to a horizontal position and engage with the water-stop washer to close the valve.

[0040] Implementation Cases During flood discharge at a hydropower station, overflow was observed from the vent pipe behind the working gate when the flushing holes were fully open. Simultaneously, strong cavitation noise was detected in the area behind the gate, and the gate vibration was also significant, impacting the safe operation of the spillway structures. Through hydraulic model tests and analysis, the cause of the cavitation was identified: the vent pipe branch outlet was located in a high-velocity zone, and the branching of the vent pipe in this high-velocity zone led to cavitation.

[0041] After the valve of this application was installed in the vertical section of the vent pipe of the hydraulic model, the model test results showed that during the opening and closing of the working gate of the sand flushing hole, the vent valve responded promptly and opened and closed freely, basically achieving the intelligent effect of "opening when air is needed and closing when full flow".

[0042] The foregoing basic examples and their further alternative examples can be freely combined to form multiple embodiments, all of which are embodiments that can be adopted and claimed in this application. In the scheme of this application, each alternative example can be arbitrarily combined with any other basic example and alternative example.

[0043] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of this application and is not intended to limit this application. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of this application should be included within the protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. A vent valve capable of automatically opening and closing in a timely manner, comprising a support rib (1), characterized in that: The supporting rib (1) is annular and matches the cross-sectional shape of the vent pipe. It also includes a valve plate (3) and a hinge shaft (4). The valve plate (3) has a shielding surface that matches the cross-sectional shape of the vent pipe. The hinge shaft (4) is inserted along the plate surface of the valve plate (3). The end of the hinge shaft (4) extending out of the valve plate (3) is the vent pipe connection end.

2. The vent valve capable of automatic opening and closing in a timely manner according to claim 1, characterized in that: The supporting rib (1) is circular.

3. The vent valve capable of automatically opening and closing in a timely manner according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lower surface of the supporting rib (1) is provided with a water-stopping washer (2), which is annular and matches the cross-sectional shape of the vent pipe.

4. The vent valve capable of automatically opening and closing in a timely manner according to claim 1, characterized in that: The valve plate (3) is a circular plate.

5. The vent valve capable of automatic opening and closing in a timely manner according to claim 1 or 4, characterized in that: The valve plate (3) includes a first valve plate (31) and a second valve plate (32). The first valve plate (31) and the second valve plate (32) together form a shielding surface that matches the cross-sectional shape of the vent pipe. The first valve plate (31) and the second valve plate (32) are both mounted on the hinge shaft (4).

6. The vent valve capable of automatically opening and closing in a timely manner according to claim 1, characterized in that: The length of the hinge shaft (4) is equal to the diameter of the vent pipe.

7. The vent valve capable of automatically opening and closing in a timely manner according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a support frame (5) having a support ramp that matches the valve plate (3).

8. The vent valve capable of automatically opening and closing in a timely manner according to claim 7, characterized in that: The support frame (5) has an isosceles triangular cross section; the length of the support frame (5) is equal to the diameter of the vent pipe.

9. A vent pipe flood discharge system capable of automatic opening and closing in a timely manner, comprising a flood discharge channel (100) and a vent pipe (200) on the flood discharge channel (100), characterized in that: It also includes a vent valve that can automatically open and close in a timely manner as described in any of claims 1 to 8, wherein the support rib (1) is fixed inside the vent pipe (200) and the hinge shaft (4) is fixed inside the vent pipe (200) and located below the support rib (1).

10. The vent pipe flood discharge system capable of automatic opening and closing in a timely manner according to claim 9, characterized in that: A support frame (5) with a support ramp that matches the valve plate (3) is fixed inside the vent pipe (200) and located below the hinge shaft (4).

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