Energy-saving low-resistance petroleum exploitation equipment pressure relief valve

Abstract

The utility model discloses energy -conserving low resistance petroleum exploitation equipment pressure relief valve, it includes valve body, open -close subassembly and diversion structure, the annular necking section and pressure relief mouth are equipped in the valve body, open -close subassembly contains conical frustum sealing plug, compression spring and spacing baffle, and diversion structure includes front -mounted diversion cone, lateral partial flow groove and rear -mounted steady flow chamber. The present application can quickly pressure relief when the downhole fluid pressure is abnormally high, and reduce the energy loss in the medium flow process in the flow channel.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of fluid pressure control, and in particular to a pressure relief valve for energy-saving and low-resistance oil extraction equipment. Background Technology

[0002] In oil extraction, the regulation of downhole fluid pressure plays a crucial role in ensuring equipment safety and improving recovery efficiency. Pressure relief valves, as key safety control components, are widely used in tubing systems to release abnormally high pressures. Existing pressure relief valves typically use spring loading or shear pin structures to open and close, maintaining a seal under normal operating conditions and automatically opening to release pressure when the pressure exceeds a set threshold. This type of structure can meet basic safety requirements to a certain extent and has advantages such as structural reliability and clear response. However, in practical applications, some pressure relief valves suffer from significant flow resistance during opening, leading to a lag in pressure relief response. Furthermore, under conditions of frequent opening and closing or high-viscosity media, the internal fluid flow energy consumption is high, which is detrimental to the overall energy efficiency optimization of the system. In addition, the flow path design of traditional pressure relief valves still has room for improvement in reducing flow resistance, thus affecting their adaptability and operating efficiency in energy-saving oil extraction equipment. Utility Model Content

[0003] The purpose of this utility model is to provide an energy-saving and low-resistance pressure relief valve for oil extraction equipment, which solves the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0004] This utility model is implemented as follows: an energy-saving and low-resistance pressure relief valve for oil extraction equipment, comprising a valve body, an opening and closing assembly, and a flow guiding structure, wherein:

[0005] The valve body has a hollow cylindrical structure with its inner cavity extending axially to form a main channel. An annular constriction section is provided in the middle of the main channel. The inner diameter of the annular constriction section is smaller than the inner diameter of the inlet and outlet at both ends of the valve body, which is used to maintain a sealed state under normal conditions. A pressure relief port is provided on the outer wall of the valve body near the constriction section. The pressure relief port is connected to the inside of the main channel, and the axial direction of the pressure relief port is perpendicular to the axis of the main channel.

[0006] The opening and closing assembly includes a sealing plug, an elastic support, and a limiting ring. The sealing plug is a frustoconical solid component with its large end facing the direction of fluid flow and its small end facing the direction of the pressure relief port. The outer edge of the large end of the sealing plug is in contact with the inner wall of the annular constriction section to achieve a seal. The elastic support is a compression spring made of spiral metal wire, with one end abutting against the center of the small end face of the sealing plug and the other end fixedly connected to the stepped surface of the valve body cavity located downstream of the pressure relief port. The limiting ring is embedded in the valve body inner wall at the position corresponding to the upstream of the pressure relief port to limit the maximum displacement of the sealing plug towards the pressure relief port in the non-pressure relief state.

[0007] The flow guiding structure includes a front guide cone, lateral diversion channels, and a rear flow stabilizing cavity. The front guide cone is fixedly installed inside the valve body inlet end, with its tip pointing towards the center of the large end face of the sealing plug. The cone surface gradually narrows from the inlet end towards the constriction section to guide the fluid to smoothly transition to the constriction section. Multiple lateral diversion channels are evenly distributed circumferentially on the inner wall of the annular constriction section. Each diversion channel extends downstream from the upstream end of the constriction section and terminates near the pressure relief port. The bottom profile of the channel is arc-shaped and concave, and the channel width gradually increases from upstream to downstream. The rear flow stabilizing cavity is located inside the valve body outlet end. Its cross-sectional area is larger than other sections of the main flow channel. The inner wall of the cavity is provided with several axially arranged annular turbulence protrusions to suppress fluid vortices and stabilize the outflow velocity field.

[0008] Optionally, the small end face of the sealing plug is provided with a spherical recess, and one end of the elastic support is embedded in the recess and pressurized therewith to enhance the stability of force transmission.

[0009] Optionally, the elastic support is externally fitted with a guide sleeve, which is a cylindrical structure with open ends. Its outer wall is clearance-fitted with the inner wall of the valve body, and a small gap is left between the inner wall and the outer diameter of the elastic support to constrain the radial displacement of the elastic support during compression or rebound.

[0010] Optionally, the outer wall of the guide sleeve near the pressure relief port is provided with an annular retaining platform, which engages with the annular groove on the inner wall of the valve body to prevent the guide sleeve from axially moving as the elastic support moves.

[0011] Optionally, the outlet end of the pressure relief port is connected to an expanding bend, the inlet diameter of which is the same as that of the pressure relief port, the outlet diameter of which gradually increases, and the bending angle is ninety degrees, which is used to guide the discharged fluid away from the main flow and reduce local impact loss.

[0012] Optionally, the outer wall of the expanded diameter bend is covered with a heat insulation layer, which is woven from porous ceramic fibers and has a thickness of three millimeters, to reduce the thermal radiation impact of high-temperature fluid on the external environment.

[0013] Optionally, the front guide cone has several spiral guide grooves on its cone surface. The spiral guide grooves start from the top of the cone and go around to the bottom of the cone in a clockwise direction. The groove depth is constant and the groove width increases linearly from upstream to downstream. This is used to further optimize the velocity distribution of the fluid before it enters the constriction section.

[0014] Optionally, the bottom surface of the lateral diversion channel is covered with a nano-scale tungsten carbide coating with a thickness of 0.5 micrometers to improve erosion resistance and reduce the surface friction coefficient.

[0015] Optionally, the height of the annular turbulence protrusion in the rear flow stabilization cavity does not exceed 10% of the cavity radius, and the axial distance between two adjacent turbulence protrusions is twice their own height, in order to balance the relationship between the flow stabilization effect and the flow resistance.

[0016] Optionally, both the inlet and outlet ends of the valve body are provided with flange connection parts, and the flange connection parts are evenly distributed with eight bolt holes of twelve millimeters in diameter, for connecting and fastening with external pipe flanges.

[0017] Optionally, the outer wall of the valve body is provided with a pressure sensing seat, which is a blind hole structure. The bottom of the hole is connected to the inside of the main channel, and the hole opening is equipped with a threaded cap for temporary installation of a pressure sensor for on-site debugging or monitoring.

[0018] Optionally, the large end face edge of the sealing plug is provided with an annular sealing lip. The annular sealing lip is made of fluororubber, has a semi-circular cross-section, and protrudes by 0.8 mm to enhance the sealing reliability between it and the inner wall of the necked section.

[0019] Optionally, the limiting retaining ring is forged from high-strength alloy steel, with an inner diameter slightly larger than the maximum outer diameter of the sealing plug, a thickness of five millimeters, and mirror-polished end faces on both sides to reduce frictional interference to the movement of the sealing plug.

[0020] Optionally, the valve body is manufactured using an integral forging process, and the material is chromium-molybdenum alloy steel. The surface is nitrided to achieve a hardness of 650 HV, which is used to improve corrosion resistance and mechanical strength.

[0021] Optionally, a buffer ramp is provided on the inner side of the pressure relief port. The buffer ramp is inclined from the inner wall of the flow channel toward the center of the pressure relief port at an angle of 15 degrees, which is used to mitigate the sudden energy change when the fluid changes direction.

[0022] Optionally, the inner side of the curved section of the expanded diameter bend is provided with guide fins. There are four guide fins, which are evenly distributed along the circumference. The length of each fin is equal to two-thirds of the arc length of the curved section, and the thickness is 1.5 mm, which is used to suppress secondary flow.

[0023] This utility model provides an energy-saving and low-resistance pressure relief valve for oil extraction equipment, which has the following beneficial effects:

[0024] This energy-saving, low-resistance oil extraction equipment pressure relief valve, through a combination of a pre-positioned guide cone and a spiral guide groove, ensures a uniform velocity distribution of the fluid before it enters the constriction section, reducing kinetic energy loss caused by abrupt changes in flow direction. The presence of a lateral diversion groove provides an additional flow path at the moment the sealing plug opens, effectively dispersing transient pressure peaks in the main flow channel and shortening the pressure relief response time. A rear-positioned flow stabilizing chamber, combined with an annular turbulence protrusion, suppresses eddy current generation at the outlet end, reducing energy dissipation in the wake region. The elastic support and guide sleeve work together to ensure a stable sealing plug reset trajectory, avoiding seal failure due to vibration or uneven wear. The expanded diameter bend combined with the guide fin structure significantly reduces local resistance loss of the pressure relief fluid during the turning process. All contact surfaces are reinforced with wear-resistant coatings and elastic sealing lips, extending the service life of key components, especially suitable for sandy or high-viscosity media environments. The entire valve has no moving control mechanism, relying on the natural balance between fluid pressure and the elastic support to complete opening and closing. The structure is simple and reliable, with extremely low maintenance requirements, and is suitable for the long-term continuous operation requirements of various energy-saving oil extraction equipment. Attached Figure Description

[0025] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of this utility model;

[0026] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view of the internal structure of the valve body according to an embodiment of this application.

[0027] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0028] 1. Valve body; 2. Main flow channel; 3. Annular neck section; 4. Pressure relief port; 5. Sealing plug; 6. Elastic support; 7. Limiting ring; 8. Front guide cone; 9. Lateral diversion groove; 10. Rear flow stabilizing cavity; 11. Spherical crown-shaped recess; 12. Guide sleeve; 13. Annular clamping platform; 14. Expanded diameter bend; 15. Heat insulation layer; 16. Spiral guide groove; 17. Nanoscale tungsten carbide coating; 18. Annular turbulence protrusion; 19. Flange connection; 20. Bolt hole; 21. Pressure sensing seat; 22. Threaded cap; 23. Annular sealing lip; 24. Buffer ramp; 25. Guide fins. Detailed Implementation

[0029] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0030] Please see Figures 1 to 2This utility model provides an energy-saving, low-resistance pressure relief valve for oil extraction equipment. Its overall structure consists of three main parts: a valve body 1, an opening and closing assembly, and a flow guiding structure. These parts are precisely coordinated to achieve rapid response and low-resistance pressure relief in the event of abnormal fluid pressure. This pressure relief valve is suitable for downhole high-viscosity crude oil transportation systems and can maintain stable sealing performance and low-energy operation even under frequent opening and closing conditions.

[0031] The valve body 1 is a hollow cylindrical component forged as a single piece, made of chromium-molybdenum alloy steel. After nitriding treatment, its hardness reaches 650 HV, providing excellent corrosion resistance and mechanical strength. The inner cavity of the valve body 1 forms a main flow channel 2, with an annular constriction section 3 in the middle. The inner diameter of the annular constriction section 3 is smaller than the inner diameters of the inlet and outlet ends of the valve body 1, normally used to restrict fluid flow and maintain a sealed state. A pressure relief port 4 is located on the outer wall of the valve body 1 near the annular constriction section 3, communicating with the interior of the main flow channel 2. The axis of the pressure relief port 4 is perpendicular to the axis of the main flow channel 2. A buffer ramp 24 is provided inside the pressure relief port 4, inclined at a 15-degree angle from the inner wall of the main flow channel 2 towards the center of the pressure relief port 4, to mitigate energy abrupt changes during fluid diversion.

[0032] The opening and closing assembly is installed in the annular constriction section 3 area and includes a sealing plug 5, an elastic support 6, and a limiting ring 7. The sealing plug 5 is a frustoconical solid component, with its large end face facing the fluid flow direction and its small end face facing the pressure relief port 4. The outer edge of the large end face is in close contact with the inner wall of the annular constriction section 3 to achieve a seal. The edge of the large end face of the sealing plug 5 is provided with an annular sealing lip 23, which is made of fluororubber, has a semi-circular cross-section, and protrudes by 0.8 mm to enhance the sealing reliability between it and the inner wall of the annular constriction section 3. The center of the small end face of the sealing plug 5 is provided with a spherical crown-shaped recess 11. One end of the elastic support 6 is embedded in the recess 11 and is interference-fitted with it to improve the stability of force transmission. The elastic support 6 is a compression spring made of spiral metal wire, and its other end abuts against the stepped surface of the inner cavity of the valve body 1 on the downstream side of the pressure relief port 4. The limiting ring 7 is embedded in the inner wall of the valve body 1 at the upstream position corresponding to the pressure relief port 4. The limiting ring 7 is forged from high-strength alloy steel, and the inner diameter is slightly larger than the maximum outer diameter of the sealing plug 5. The thickness of the ring is five millimeters, and the two end faces are mirror polished to reduce friction interference to the sealing plug 5 during its movement.

[0033] The elastic support 6 is externally fitted with a guide sleeve 12. The guide sleeve 12 is a cylindrical structure with open ends. Its outer wall is clearance-fitted with the inner wall of the valve body 1, and a small gap is left between the inner wall and the outer diameter of the elastic support 6 to restrain the radial displacement of the elastic support 6 during compression or rebound. The outer wall of the guide sleeve 12 near the pressure relief port 4 is provided with an annular retaining plate 13. The annular retaining plate 13 engages with the annular groove on the inner wall of the valve body 1 to prevent the guide sleeve 12 from axially moving with the elastic support 6.

[0034] The flow guiding structure is distributed in three areas: the inlet end of valve body 1, the annular constriction section 3, and the outlet end, respectively undertaking the functions of guiding, diverting, and stabilizing flow. A pre-guided flow cone 8 is fixedly installed inside the inlet end of valve body 1, with its tip pointing towards the center of the large end face of the sealing plug 5. The cone surface gradually narrows from the inlet end towards the annular constriction section 3, guiding the fluid to smoothly transition to the constriction section. Several spiral guide grooves 16 are formed on the cone surface of the pre-guided flow cone 8. The spiral guide grooves 16 start from the cone apex and spiral clockwise to the cone apex, with a constant groove depth and a groove width that linearly increases from upstream to downstream, optimizing the uniformity of the velocity distribution of the fluid before entering the constriction section.

[0035] Multiple lateral diversion channels 9 are evenly distributed circumferentially on the inner wall of the annular constriction section 3. Each lateral diversion channel 9 extends downstream from the upstream end of the constriction section and terminates near the pressure relief port 4. The bottom profile of the channel is arc-shaped and concave, and the channel width gradually increases from upstream to downstream. The bottom surface of the lateral diversion channel 9 is covered with a nano-scale tungsten carbide coating 17 with a thickness of 0.5 micrometers, which improves erosion resistance and reduces the surface friction coefficient. When the sealing plug 5 is opened under pressure, the fluid can be rapidly diverted through the lateral diversion channels 9, dispersing the transient pressure peak in the main channel 2 and shortening the pressure relief response time.

[0036] The post-flow stabilizing cavity 10 is located inside the outlet end of the valve body 1. Its cross-sectional area is larger than that of other sections of the main flow channel 2. The inner wall of the cavity is provided with several axially arranged annular turbulence protrusions 18. The height of the annular turbulence protrusions 18 does not exceed 10% of the cavity radius. The axial distance between two adjacent turbulence protrusions 18 is twice their own height, which suppresses the generation of fluid vortices and stabilizes the outflow velocity field.

[0037] The outlet end of the pressure relief port 4 is connected to an expanding bend 14. The inlet diameter of the expanding bend 14 is the same as that of the pressure relief port 4, and the outlet diameter gradually increases. The bending angle is 90 degrees, guiding the discharged fluid away from the main flow path. Four guide fins 25 are provided on the inner side of the bent section of the expanding bend 14, evenly distributed along the circumference. Each fin is two-thirds the length of the arc of the bent section and has a thickness of 1.5 mm, suppressing secondary flow. The outer wall of the expanding bend 14 is covered with a heat insulation layer 15, which is woven from porous ceramic fibers and has a thickness of 3 mm, reducing the thermal radiation impact of the high-temperature fluid on the external environment.

[0038] Both the inlet and outlet ends of the valve body 1 are provided with flange connection parts 19. Eight bolt holes 20 with a diameter of 12 mm are evenly distributed on the flange connection parts 19 for fastening to the external pipeline flange. The outer wall of the valve body 1 is provided with a pressure sensing seat 21. The pressure sensing seat 21 is a blind hole structure. The bottom of the hole is connected to the inside of the main flow channel 2. The hole opening is equipped with a threaded cap 22 for temporarily installing a pressure sensor for on-site debugging or monitoring.

[0039] In practical applications, fluid enters from the inlet end of valve body 1, first passing through the pre-guide cone 8 and its surface spiral guide groove 16, making the fluid velocity distribution more uniform and reducing kinetic energy loss; then the fluid enters the annular constriction section 3. Within the normal operating pressure range, the large end face of the sealing plug 5 remains tightly fitted with the inner wall of the annular constriction section 3, preventing fluid leakage through the pressure relief port 4; when the downhole pressure rises abnormally, and the pressure acting on the large end face of the sealing plug 5 exceeds the preset elastic force of the elastic support 6, the sealing plug 5 overcomes the resistance of the elastic support 6 and moves towards the pressure relief port 4, disengaging from the inner wall of the annular constriction section 3. At this time, the main flow channel 2 and The pressure relief port 4 is connected, and part of the high-pressure fluid is discharged through the pressure relief port 4. At the same time, part of the fluid is diverted through the lateral diversion channel 9 to further reduce the local pressure gradient at the moment of pressure relief. After the pressure relief is completed, the elastic support 6 pushes the sealing plug 5 to reset, re-close the annular constriction section 3, and restore the sealing state. The fluid discharged from the pressure relief port 4 is diverted and discharged through the expansion bend 14. The guide fins 25 reduce the energy loss at the bend, and the heat insulation layer 15 isolates the high-temperature medium from the influence on the surrounding equipment. Finally, the outflowing fluid enters the rear flow stabilization cavity 10. The annular turbulence protrusion 18 disperses the wake vortex, stabilizes the outlet flow velocity distribution, and reduces the overall flow resistance of the system.

[0040] The entire device has no moving control mechanisms; it relies on the natural balance between fluid pressure and the elastic support component 6 to complete opening and closing actions. Its simple and reliable structure requires extremely low maintenance and is particularly suitable for long-term continuous operation in environments containing sand or high-viscosity media. All key contact parts are reinforced with wear-resistant coatings and elastic sealing lips to extend service life. The valve design balances rapid response and low flow resistance, meeting the technical requirements of energy-efficient oil extraction equipment for high-efficiency pressure relief devices.

[0041] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present utility model and is not intended to limit the present utility model. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present utility model should be included within the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A pressure relief valve for energy-saving and low-resistance oil extraction equipment, characterized in that, Includes valve body (1), opening and closing assembly and flow guiding structure, wherein: The valve body (1) is a hollow cylindrical structure, with its inner cavity extending axially to form a main channel (2). The main channel (2) has an annular constriction section (3) in the middle, and the inner diameter of the annular constriction section (3) is smaller than the inner diameter of the inlet and outlet ends of the valve body (1). A pressure relief port (4) is provided on the outer wall of the valve body (1) near the annular constriction section (3). The pressure relief port (4) is connected to the inside of the main channel (2), and the axial direction of the pressure relief port (4) is perpendicular to the axis of the main channel (2). The opening and closing assembly includes a sealing plug (5), an elastic support (6), and a limiting ring (7). The sealing plug (5) is a frustum-shaped solid component, with its large end face facing the direction of fluid flow and its small end face facing the pressure relief port (4). The outer edge of the large end face of the sealing plug (5) is connected to the annular constriction section (3). The inner wall of the neck section (3) is in close contact; one end of the elastic support (6) abuts against the center of the small end face of the sealing plug (5), and the other end is fixedly connected to the stepped surface of the inner cavity of the valve body (1) located downstream of the pressure relief port (4); the limiting retaining ring (7) is embedded in the inner wall of the valve body (1) corresponding to the upstream position of the pressure relief port (4); the flow guiding structure includes a front flow guiding cone (8), a lateral flow diversion groove (9) and a rear flow stabilizing cavity (10). The front flow guiding cone (8) is fixedly installed inside the inlet end of the valve body (1), and its tip points to the center of the large end face of the sealing plug (5); multiple lateral flow diversion grooves (9) are evenly distributed circumferentially on the inner wall of the annular neck section (3); the rear flow stabilizing cavity (10) is set inside the outlet end of the valve body (1), and its cross-sectional area is larger than other sections of the main channel (2).

2. The pressure relief valve for energy-saving and low-resistance oil extraction equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sealing plug (5) has a spherical crown-shaped recess (11) at the center of its small end face, and one end of the elastic support (6) is embedded in the spherical crown-shaped recess (11) and is press-fitted with it.

3. The pressure relief valve for energy-saving and low-resistance oil extraction equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The elastic support (6) is fitted with a guide sleeve (12). The guide sleeve (12) is a cylindrical structure with open ends. Its outer wall is in clearance fit with the inner wall of the valve body (1), and there is a small gap between the inner wall and the outer diameter of the elastic support (6). The outer wall of the guide sleeve (12) near the pressure relief port (4) is provided with an annular locking platform (13). The annular locking platform (13) is fitted with an annular groove on the inner wall of the valve body (1).

4. The pressure relief valve for energy-saving and low-resistance oil extraction equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outlet end of the pressure relief port (4) is connected to an expansion bend (14). The inlet diameter of the expansion bend (14) is the same as that of the pressure relief port (4), and the outlet diameter gradually increases. The bending angle is 90 degrees. The outer wall of the expansion bend (14) is covered with a heat insulation layer (15). The heat insulation layer (15) is woven from porous ceramic fibers and has a thickness of three millimeters.

5. The pressure relief valve for energy-saving and low-resistance oil extraction equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The front guide cone (8) has several spiral guide grooves (16) on its cone surface. The spiral guide grooves (16) start from the top of the cone and go around to the bottom of the cone in a clockwise direction. The groove depth is constant and the groove width increases linearly from upstream to downstream.

6. The pressure relief valve for energy-saving and low-resistance oil extraction equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom surface of the lateral diversion channel (9) is covered with a nano-scale tungsten carbide coating (17), the thickness of which is 0.5 micrometers.

7. The pressure relief valve for energy-saving and low-resistance oil extraction equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner wall of the rear flow stabilizing cavity (10) is provided with a number of axially arranged annular turbulence protrusions (18). The height of the annular turbulence protrusions (18) does not exceed 10% of the cavity radius, and the axial distance between two adjacent annular turbulence protrusions (18) is twice their own height.

8. The pressure relief valve for energy-saving and low-resistance oil extraction equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sealing plug (5) has an annular sealing lip (23) on the edge of its large end face. The annular sealing lip (23) is made of fluororubber, has a semi-circular cross section, and protrudes by 0.8 mm.

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