Solid state hydrogen storage cylinder
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202522617580.5
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-12-10
- Publication Date
- 2026-10-27
- Estimated Expiration
- 2035-12-10
AI Technical Summary
然而，在高压及氢脆敏感环境下，螺纹根部存在严重的应力集中与疲劳裂纹风险；法兰连接的螺栓同样面临氢脆失效威胁，垫片密封结构也存在泄漏风险
瓶体底部为大开口的直筒型结构，允许多种类型的预制模块直接装入，是改善应力分布、提高传热效率的基础，储氢床体模块内部增加分层米勒板、分区隔板，将所有储氢空间分隔成多个子单元的应力分区结构，限制床体粉化后的过度堆积，均化内部结构，减轻应力集中，分层米勒板加大换热面积且提供气流通道，导气管增加气体流道，提升整体传热效率。
Smart Images
Figure CN224904621U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of solid hydrogen storage cylinder technology, and in particular relates to a solid hydrogen storage cylinder. Background Technology
[0002] The existing solid hydrogen storage cylinders use the narrow neck design of compressed gas cylinders. The applicant found that the neck only considers the gas passage and valve installation, without taking into account the filling process of solid materials. This makes it impossible to fill the cylinder with pre-formed, structurally optimized high-performance hydrogen storage modules (such as large cakes, honeycomb or composite modules). It is forced to use powders or fine particles with good flowability. There is huge contact thermal resistance between powder particles, resulting in extremely low thermal conductivity of the entire hydrogen storage bed, which affects the rapid charging and discharging of hydrogen. Furthermore, the hydrogen storage bed is composed of hydrogen storage alloy powder mixed with other thermally conductive components, resulting in a certain viscosity. During filling, the hydrogen storage bed agglomerates internally, exhibiting a "bridging" phenomenon. This leads to uneven filling, a decrease in effective hydrogen storage volume, and localized stress concentration. The alloy continuously pulverizes during circulation and migrates and settles at the bottom of the container under gravity. During hydrogen absorption and expansion, enormous non-uniform localized stress is generated at the bottom, causing bulging and plastic deformation in the lower half of the container, threatening structural safety. This process is irreversible and cannot be intervened internally. For ease of maintenance, some cylinder designs employ detachable bottom connections such as threads or flanges. However, under high pressure and hydrogen embrittlement-sensitive environments, the root of the threads poses a significant risk of stress concentration and fatigue cracking; the bolts of flange connections also face the threat of hydrogen embrittlement failure, and the gasket sealing structure is also at risk of leakage. These connection methods are complex and bulky, and their reliability under cyclic loads is difficult to guarantee, making them potential weak points in high-pressure hydrogen storage systems. If the body and bottom of the hydrogen storage cylinder adopt a separate welded structure, the prefabricated hydrogen storage module, due to its large size, cannot completely fill the bottleneck area of the hydrogen storage cylinder, resulting in low utilization of the internal space and reducing the overall hydrogen storage density. If a prefabricated module of a specific size is used for the bottleneck area of the hydrogen storage cylinder to ensure space utilization, after filling, the weld between the cylinder body and the bottom will not be able to be welded due to the obstruction of the hydrogen storage module, and the corresponding non-destructive testing will also be impossible. Utility Model Content
[0003] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the defects of the prior art and provide a solid hydrogen storage cylinder. The cylinder body and bottom adopt a separate welded structure. The hydrogen storage bed is composed of multiple layers of hydrogen storage prefabricated modules. With the help of partition plates, the hydrogen storage material is limited to prevent it from pulverizing and accumulating at the bottom of the cylinder after repeated use. This avoids stress concentration on the local part of the container and ensures that the internal space of the cylinder is used efficiently and the service life of the hydrogen storage cylinder is guaranteed while using large prefabricated modules.
[0004] The objective of this utility model is achieved through the following technical solution: A solid hydrogen storage cylinder includes a cylinder body and a cylinder bottom. A hydrogen storage bed is disposed inside the cylinder body. The hydrogen storage bed includes multiple hydrogen storage areas. Each layer of the hydrogen storage area is provided with a hydrogen storage prefabrication module. The multiple hydrogen storage areas extend sequentially along the height direction of the cylinder body. Each layer of the hydrogen storage area is also provided with partitions that divide the hydrogen storage prefabrication modules.
[0005] In one embodiment, the bottle body and the bottle bottom are welded together.
[0006] In one embodiment, multiple layered plates are sequentially arranged inside the bottle along its height direction to divide the hydrogen storage bed into multiple hydrogen storage regions.
[0007] In one embodiment, the layered plate is a metal Miller plate, which has multiple through holes and a protrusion at the bottom of the metal Miller plate along the position of the through holes, the protrusion extending away from the metal Miller plate.
[0008] In one embodiment, the prefabricated module includes multiple hydrogen storage units in the form of pills, which are evenly distributed between the partition plate and the bottle body.
[0009] In one embodiment, the partition is in the form of a cross, and the partition includes a first partition and a second partition vertically installed on both sides of the first partition.
[0010] In one embodiment, the diameter of the hydrogen storage unit in the pill structure is 5-10 cm.
[0011] In one embodiment, the prefabricated module includes multiple fan-shaped hydrogen storage units, each of which is installed between the partition plate and the bottle body.
[0012] In one embodiment, the partition includes a flow guide pipe and four partition bodies evenly spaced along the circumference of the flow guide pipe, wherein the flow guide pipe is an annular cylindrical structure.
[0013] In one embodiment, the sidewall of the guide tube is provided with a plurality of vent holes, which are located between two adjacent partitions.
[0014] The beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows: The bottom of the bottle has a large-opening straight cylindrical structure, which allows for the direct installation of various types of prefabricated modules. This is the basis for improving stress distribution and heat transfer efficiency. The hydrogen storage bed module is equipped with layered Miller plates and partitions to divide all the hydrogen storage space into multiple sub-units with stress partitioning structure. This limits the excessive accumulation after the bed is pulverized, homogenizes the internal structure, and reduces stress concentration. The layered Miller plates increase the heat exchange area and provide airflow channels, while the gas duct increases the gas flow channels and improves the overall heat transfer efficiency. Attached Figure Description
[0015] The present invention will be described in more detail below based on embodiments and with reference to the accompanying drawings. Wherein: Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of one embodiment of the present invention is shown; Figure 2 Showing Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure at point AA; Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the structure of one embodiment of the partition plate of this utility model is shown; Figure 4 A structural schematic diagram of another embodiment of the present invention is shown; Figure 5 Showing Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure at point BB; Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the structure of one embodiment of the partition plate of this utility model is shown; Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the flow guide tube of this utility model is shown; Figure 8 This shows a schematic diagram of the structure of the hydrogen storage prefabrication module of this utility model; Figure 9 This shows a schematic diagram of the structure of the metal Miller plate of this utility model in one direction; Figure 10 This shows a schematic diagram of the structure of the metal Miller plate of this utility model in another direction; In the accompanying drawings, the same parts use the same reference numerals. The drawings are not to scale.
[0016] Figure label: 1-Bottle body, 2-Bottle bottom, 3-Metal Miller plate, 4-Hydrogen storage bed, 5-Hydrogen storage prefabrication module, 6-Divider, 301-Through hole, 302-Protrusion, 601-First partition, 602-Second partition, 603-Guide pipe, 604-Partition body, 6031-Vent hole. Detailed Implementation
[0017] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
[0018] This utility model provides a solid hydrogen storage cylinder, such as Figure 1 and Figure 4 As shown, it includes a bottle body 1 and a bottle bottom 2. A hydrogen storage bed 4 is provided inside the bottle body 1. The hydrogen storage bed 4 includes multiple hydrogen storage areas. Each hydrogen storage area is provided with a hydrogen storage prefabrication module 5. The multiple hydrogen storage areas extend sequentially along the height direction of the bottle body 1. Each hydrogen storage area is also provided with partition plates 6 that divide the hydrogen storage prefabrication modules 5. Specifically, the bottle body 1 and the bottle bottom 2 are welded together. Multiple layered plates are sequentially arranged inside the bottle body 1 along its height direction so that the hydrogen storage bed 4 can be divided into multiple hydrogen storage areas. It should be noted that, as Figure 1 and Figure 4 As shown, the bottle body 1 and the bottle bottom 2 are welded together, that is, the bottle body 1 and the bottle bottom 2 adopt a separate welding structure. The hydrogen storage bed 4 is composed of multiple layers of hydrogen storage prefabricated modules 5. With the help of partition plates 6, the hydrogen storage material is limited to prevent it from pulverizing and accumulating at the bottle bottom 2 after repeated use. This avoids stress concentration on the local part of the container, so that while using large prefabricated modules, the internal space of the bottle can still be used efficiently and the service life of the hydrogen storage cylinder can be guaranteed. In one embodiment, such as Figure 9 and Figure 10 As shown, the layered plate is a metal Miller plate 3. The metal Miller plate 3 has multiple through holes 301. A protrusion 302 is provided at the bottom of the metal Miller plate 3 along the positions of the through holes 301. The protrusion 302 extends away from the metal Miller plate 3. This utilizes the metal Miller plate 3 to create layers, increasing the heat exchange area and enhancing heat transfer with the bottle body 1. In one embodiment, such as Figures 1 to 3 As shown, the prefabricated module includes multiple hydrogen storage units in the form of pills. The multiple hydrogen storage units are evenly distributed between the partition plate 6 and the bottle body 1. The partition plate 6 has a cross structure and includes a first partition plate 601 and a second partition plate 602 vertically installed on both sides of the first partition plate 601. The diameter of the pill-shaped hydrogen storage unit is 5~10cm. It should be noted that in this embodiment, all hydrogen storage bed bodies 4 are pre-pressed into pill-shaped pieces of the same specification, allowing for flexible filling methods. There are certain gaps between the "pills," and gas can pass through well through the openings in the Miller plate. During filling, the bottle opening is first placed downwards (fixed using tooling), and the hydrogen storage bed bodies 4 are filled layer by layer. The filling height does not exceed the opening of the bottle body 1, leaving space for welding between the bottle body 1 and the bottle bottom 2. The bottle body 1 and the bottle bottom 2 are welded together, and then the weld is inspected for non-destructive testing. The hydrogen storage bottle is placed upright, and the pill-shaped hydrogen storage bed bodies 4 are filled from the bottle opening. Finally, the valve is installed. In one embodiment, such as Figures 4 to 8As shown, the prefabricated module includes multiple hydrogen storage units in a fan-shaped structure. Each fan-shaped hydrogen storage unit is installed between the partition plate 6 and the bottle body 1. The partition plate 6 includes a guide pipe 603 and four partition bodies 604 evenly spaced along the circumference of the guide pipe 603. The guide pipe 603 is an annular cylindrical structure. Multiple vent holes 6031 are also provided on the side wall of the guide pipe 603. The vent holes 6031 are located between two adjacent partitions. It should be noted that in this embodiment, the hydrogen storage bed 4 is pressed into a disc shape of the corresponding specifications. During pressing, the gas guide pipe and partition plate 6 are embedded into the hydrogen storage bed 4 module to improve the efficiency of subsequent filling. During filling, the bottle opening is first placed downwards (fixed by tooling), and the hydrogen storage bed 4 is filled layer by layer. The filling height does not exceed the opening of the bottle body 1, leaving space for welding between the bottle body 1 and the bottle bottom 2. The bottle body 1 and the bottle bottom 2 are welded together, and then the weld is non-destructively inspected. The hydrogen storage bottle is placed upright, and the pellet-shaped hydrogen storage bed 4 is filled from the bottle opening. Finally, the valve is installed.
[0019] The bottle body 1 and bottle bottom 2 of this utility model adopt a split welding structure, and the hydrogen storage bed 4 adopts a combination of various prefabricated modules. This ensures that the internal space of the bottle is efficiently utilized while using large prefabricated modules. It also avoids the dilemma of weld seams being blocked by hydrogen storage modules during filling, thus achieving a welding structure that balances high hydrogen storage density and high safety. Through the new internal space layout scheme of the hydrogen storage bed 4, it is possible to fill the bottle with efficient and complex enhanced heat exchange structures (such as adding internal guide plate structures and increasing heat exchange area) to establish a rapid heat transfer channel, fundamentally improving the hydrogen charging and discharging efficiency. This solves the core technical problem of poor overall thermal conductivity of the hydrogen storage bed caused by powder filling, and also solves the problem of stress concentration and deformation of the hydrogen storage bottle caused by powder bridging and local accumulation expansion during long-term hydrogen charging and discharging cycles. In the description of this utility model, it should be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "bottom", "top", "front", "rear", "inner", "outer", "left", "right", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this utility model and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this utility model.
[0020] While specific embodiments of the present invention have been described herein with reference to them, it should be understood that these embodiments are merely examples of the principles and applications of the present invention. Therefore, it should be understood that many modifications can be made to the exemplary embodiments, and other arrangements can be designed without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention as defined by the appended claims. It should be understood that different dependent claims and features described herein can be combined in ways different from those described in the original claims. It is also understood that features described in conjunction with individual embodiments can be used in other described embodiments.
Claims
1. A solid hydrogen storage cylinder, characterized in that, The device includes a bottle body and a bottle bottom. The bottle body contains a hydrogen storage bed, which includes multiple hydrogen storage areas. Each layer of the hydrogen storage area contains a hydrogen storage prefabrication module. The multiple hydrogen storage areas extend sequentially along the height of the bottle body. Each layer of the hydrogen storage area also contains partitions that divide the hydrogen storage prefabrication modules.
2. A solid hydrogen storage cylinder according to claim 1, characterized in that, The bottle body and the bottle bottom are welded together.
3. A solid hydrogen storage cylinder according to claim 2, characterized in that, Multiple layered plates are sequentially arranged inside the bottle along its height direction to divide the hydrogen storage bed into multiple hydrogen storage regions.
4. A solid hydrogen storage cylinder according to claim 3, characterized in that, The layered plate is a metal Miller plate, which has multiple through holes. The bottom of the metal Miller plate has a protrusion along the position of the through holes, and the protrusion extends away from the metal Miller plate.
5. A solid hydrogen storage cylinder according to claim 1, characterized in that, The prefabricated module includes multiple hydrogen storage units in the form of pills, which are evenly distributed between the partition plate and the bottle body.
6. A solid hydrogen storage cylinder according to claim 5, characterized in that, The partition is in the shape of a cross, and includes a first partition and a second partition installed vertically on both sides of the first partition.
7. A solid hydrogen storage cylinder according to claim 5, characterized in that, The diameter of the hydrogen storage unit in the pill structure is 5-10 cm.
8. A solid hydrogen storage cylinder according to claim 1, characterized in that, The prefabricated module includes multiple hydrogen storage units in a fan-shaped structure, with each fan-shaped hydrogen storage unit installed between the partition plate and the bottle body.
9. A solid hydrogen storage cylinder according to claim 8, characterized in that, The partition includes a flow guide pipe and four partition bodies evenly spaced along the circumference of the flow guide pipe. The flow guide pipe has an annular cylindrical structure.
10. A solid hydrogen storage cylinder according to claim 9, characterized in that, The side wall of the guide tube is also provided with a number of vent holes, which are located between two adjacent partitions.