A high-efficiency dust removal structure of a copper smelting top-blown smelting electric dust collection
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202522563024.4
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-12-03
- Publication Date
- 2026-10-27
- Estimated Expiration
- 2035-12-03
AI Technical Summary
现有电收尘器主要由电收尘箱、变压器、灰斗、排灰阀及输灰管组成，但在长期运行中暴露出诸多技术缺陷，难以满足铜冶炼高负荷、高粉尘浓度的工况需求：一方面，铜冶炼烟气中的粉尘含铜、铁等金属氧化物，在高温下易结块且易附着于灰斗内壁形成积灰层，而现有设备仅依赖60°-70°的灰斗倾斜角度实现重力排灰，无主动清灰结构，导致积灰层增厚甚至堵塞灰斗出口，同时输灰主管转弯处因气流涡流效应易沉积粉尘形成“堵管”，需频繁停机人工清理，单次清理耗时4-8小时，造成日均产能损失5%-8%，另一方面，作为核心供电部件的高压变压器，其运行稳定性直接决定除尘效率，而现有的变压器暴露在空气中，潮气侵入导致瓷瓶表面结露放电，平均每月发生2-3次击穿事故，电场停运率高达18%，从而大大降低了设备运行的稳定性
[0012]进一步的，所述密封箱内部安装有电加热除湿装置。
Smart Images
Figure CN224905732U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This utility model relates to the field of dust removal technology in copper smelting, specifically a high-efficiency dust removal structure for top-blown electrostatic precipitators in copper smelting. Background Technology
[0002] In the copper smelting industry, top-blown smelting has become the mainstream production method due to its high reaction efficiency and strong raw material adaptability. This process generates a large amount of dust-laden flue gas with a dust concentration of 30-80g / Nm³ and a temperature of 350-550℃. If it is not treated in a timely and efficient manner, it will not only pollute the environment, but also wear down the subsequent acid production and waste heat recovery equipment. Therefore, electrostatic precipitators have become the core dust removal equipment in the top-blown smelting system. Existing electrostatic precipitators mainly consist of an electrostatic precipitator box, transformer, ash hopper, ash discharge valve, and ash conveying pipe. However, they have revealed many technical defects during long-term operation, making it difficult to meet the high-load and high-dust-concentration working conditions of copper smelting. On the one hand, the dust in copper smelting flue gas contains metal oxides such as copper and iron, which are prone to agglomeration and adhesion to the inner wall of the ash hopper at high temperatures, forming an ash layer. However, existing equipment relies solely on a 60°-70° tilt angle of the ash hopper to achieve gravity ash discharge, without an active ash cleaning structure. This leads to the thickening of the ash layer and even blockage of the ash hopper outlet. At the same time, dust easily accumulates at the bends of the ash conveying main pipe due to the airflow vortex effect, forming a "pipe blockage". Frequent shutdowns and manual cleaning are required, with each cleaning taking 4-8 hours, resulting in a daily production capacity loss of 5%-8%. On the other hand, the high-voltage transformer, as a core power supply component, directly determines the dust removal efficiency due to its operational stability. However, existing transformers are exposed to the air, and moisture intrusion causes condensation and discharge on the surface of the porcelain insulators, resulting in an average of 2-3 breakdown accidents per month and an electric field outage rate as high as 18%, which greatly reduces the stability of equipment operation. Summary of the Invention
[0003] The main purpose of this utility model is to solve the above-mentioned existing technical problems and provide a high-efficiency dust removal structure for top-blown electrostatic precipitators in copper smelting.
[0004] The specific solution of this utility model is as follows: a high-efficiency dust removal structure for top-blown electrostatic precipitator in copper smelting, including an electrostatic precipitator box, a transformer installed on the top of the electrostatic precipitator box, an ash hopper at the bottom of the electrostatic precipitator box, a dome valve installed at the bottom of the ash hopper, a main ash conveying pipe connected to the end of the dome valve away from the ash hopper, a main air blowing pipe connected to the end of the ash conveying pipe, a connecting pipe connected to the bend of the main ash conveying pipe, an accompanying air blowing pipe connected to the end of the connecting pipe away from the main ash conveying pipe, a check valve and a ball valve installed on the connecting pipe, the ball valve being installed close to the accompanying air blowing pipe; the main air blowing pipe and the accompanying air blowing pipe are respectively installed at an inclination on the ash hopper and the main ash conveying pipe, so that their air force is blown out along the ash discharge direction of the ash hopper and the main ash conveying pipe.
[0005] According to the above technical solution, by using the main air blowing pipe inclined along the ash discharge direction at the ash hopper to reduce ash accumulation in the ash hopper, and by using the accompanying air blowing pipe with check valve and ball valve at the bend of the ash conveying main pipe to blow air along the ash discharge direction to prevent blockage, efficient ash removal can be effectively achieved, the frequency of downtime for cleaning can be reduced, and the continuous and stable top-blown electrostatic precipitator process in copper smelting can be ensured.
[0006] Furthermore, a sealed box is installed on the top of the electrostatic precipitator, and the transformer is located inside the sealed box. The sealed box is made of stainless steel double-layer sealed box body, and the interlayer of the sealed box is filled with aluminum silicate insulation cotton.
[0007] According to the above technical solution, the problem of condensation discharge in the porcelain insulators caused by moisture intrusion in the transformer is avoided by sealing the box, which greatly reduces the breakdown accident by 2-3 times per month and reduces the power plant outage rate by 18%.
[0008] Furthermore, the dome valve includes a sealing ring, and the gap between the dome valve and the sealing ring is 0.1~0.3mm.
[0009] According to the above technical solution, the frictional loss between the valve core and the sealing ring is reduced by a reasonable gap, which avoids the rapid wear of the sealing ring caused by too small a gap, extends its service life, and reduces the frequency of frequent shutdowns to replace sealing components.
[0010] Furthermore, the main blowing pipe and the accompanying blowing pipe are powered by a nitrogen storage tank.
[0011] According to the above technical solution, the inertness and drying properties of nitrogen can be used to avoid dust agglomeration caused by moisture in existing compressed air.
[0012] Furthermore, an electric heating dehumidification device is installed inside the sealed box.
[0013] According to the above technical solution, the electric heating dehumidification device can effectively remove moisture inside the box, avoiding transformer breakdown accidents caused by condensation discharge in porcelain insulators in the high humidity environment of the copper smelting top-blown smelting workshop.
[0014] Compared with the prior art, this utility model has the following advantages: The high-efficiency dust removal structure of the top-blown electrostatic precipitator for copper smelting, through the combination of the main blowing pipe and the accompanying blowing pipe at the bend of the ash conveying main pipe with nitrogen gas source, can effectively reduce the problem of metal oxide dust agglomeration in the ash hopper and ash conveying pipe blockage, significantly reduce the frequency of manual cleaning during downtime, and effectively ensure the continuous operation of the top-blown smelting process; the 304 stainless steel double-layer sealing box at the top of the electrostatic precipitator, the interlayer aluminum silicate insulation cotton, and the internal electric heating dehumidification device can work together to isolate moisture, significantly reduce the failure of transformer 2 porcelain insulator condensation discharge, and greatly extend its service life; the 0.1~0.3mm gap design between the dome valve 4 and the sealing ring cleverly balances the sealing performance and component wear, which not only reduces the dust leakage rate, reduces metal dust waste and workshop pollution, but also avoids the sealing ring from frequent replacement due to excessive friction, effectively reducing maintenance costs. Attached Figure Description
[0015] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the present invention;
[0016] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 Enlarged view of the structure at point A;
[0017] Figure 3 This is a front sectional view of the sealing box structure of this utility model;
[0018] In the diagram: 1. Electrostatic precipitator; 2. Transformer; 3. Ash hopper; 4. Dome valve; 5. Ash conveying main pipe; 6. Main air blowing pipe; 7. Connecting pipe; 8. Accompanying air blowing pipe; 9. Check valve; 10. Ball valve; 11. Sealing box; 12. Insulation cotton; 13. Electric heating dehumidification device. Detailed Implementation
[0019] See Figure 1-3 This embodiment is a high-efficiency dust removal structure for top-blown electrostatic precipitator in copper smelting, including an electrostatic precipitator box 1, a transformer 2 installed on the top of the electrostatic precipitator box 1, and an integrally formed ash hopper 3 at the bottom of the electrostatic precipitator box 1. A dome valve 4 is installed at the bottom of the ash hopper 3, and the end of the dome valve 4 away from the ash hopper 3 is connected to a main ash conveying pipe 5. One end of the ash hopper 3 is connected to a main blowing pipe 6. The main blowing pipe 6 uses airflow to discharge the dust in the ash hopper 3 downwards to avoid blockage. A connecting pipe 7 is connected at the bend of the main ash conveying pipe 5, and an accompanying blowing pipe 8 is connected at the end of the connecting pipe 7 away from the main ash conveying pipe 5. A check valve 9 and a ball valve 10 are respectively installed on the connecting pipe 7. The ball valve 10 is installed close to the accompanying blowing pipe 8 so that the check valve 9 prevents dust backflow. The accompanying blowing pipe 8 of the main blowing pipe 6 is installed at an angle on the ash hopper 3 and the main ash conveying pipe 5, so that the airflow is blown out along the ash discharge direction of the ash hopper 3 and the main ash conveying pipe 5.
[0020] Furthermore, a sealed box 11 is installed on the top of the electrostatic precipitator box 1. The sealed box 11 can be fitted with a door for easy maintenance. The sealing is achieved by using a double-layer sealed box 11 made of 304 stainless steel. The interlayer of the sealed box 11 is filled with aluminum silicate insulation cotton 12, which further improves the insulation effect of the sealed box 11 and prevents moisture from affecting the internal transformer 2.
[0021] Furthermore, the dome valve 4 includes a sealing ring, and the gap between the dome valve 4 and the sealing ring is 0.1~0.3mm. By using a reasonable gap, the frictional loss between the valve core and the sealing ring is reduced, avoiding rapid wear of the sealing ring due to excessively small gaps, extending its service life, and reducing the frequency of frequent shutdowns to replace sealing components.
[0022] Furthermore, the main blowing pipe 6 and the accompanying blowing pipe 8 are powered by a nitrogen storage tank. It should also be noted that the nitrogen storage tank is existing technology.
[0023] Furthermore, an electric heating dehumidification device 13 is installed inside the sealed box 11. It should also be noted that the electric heating dehumidification device 13 is existing technology and can be purchased and used directly.
[0024] The working principle of this embodiment is as follows: During operation, the dust-laden flue gas with a temperature of 350-550℃ and a dust concentration of 30-80g / Nm³ generated by the top-blown smelting process enters the electrostatic precipitator 1. At this time, the transformer 2 inside the sealed box 11 at the top of the electrostatic precipitator 1 is isolated from corrosion and high temperature by a double-layer sealed box 11 made of 304 stainless steel, the aluminum silicate insulation cotton 12 maintains the temperature difference, and the electric heating dehumidification device 13 maintains a dry environment to ensure stable power supply. The dust falls off due to gravity and falls into the ash hopper 3 at the bottom of the electrostatic precipitator 1. The dome valve 4 at the bottom of the ash hopper 3 maintains a gap of 0.1-0.3mm with the sealing ring to balance sealing and wear. Subsequently, the dust is discharged into the ash conveying main pipe 5 to achieve dust collection and initial conveying. During this process, to avoid dust from being... The inner wall of the ash hopper 3 is clogged with deposits, which block the pipe at the bend of the ash conveying main pipe 5. The nitrogen storage tank supplies inert nitrogen to the main blowing pipe 6 at one end of the ash hopper 3 and the accompanying blowing pipe 8 at the bend of the ash conveying main pipe 5. The main blowing pipe 6 blows air at an angle along the ash discharge direction of the ash hopper 3, directly flushing the ash accumulation on the inner wall of the ash hopper 3 and helping the dust to fall smoothly into the dome valve 4. The accompanying blowing pipe 8 replenishes air along the ash discharge direction of the ash conveying main pipe 5 through the connecting pipe 7 with a check valve 9 (to prevent backflow of airflow) and a ball valve 10 (to control the on / off of the air source), breaking the airflow vortex at the bend, pushing the dust forward continuously, avoiding pipe blockage, and improving the ash discharge efficiency.
Claims
1. A high-efficiency dust removal structure for top-blown electrostatic precipitator in copper smelting, comprising an electrostatic precipitator box, a transformer installed at the top of the electrostatic precipitator box, an ash hopper at the bottom of the electrostatic precipitator box, a dome valve installed at the bottom of the ash hopper, and a main ash conveying pipe connected to the end of the dome valve away from the ash hopper, characterized in that: One end of the ash hopper is connected to the main air blowing pipe, and a connecting pipe is connected at the bend of the main ash conveying pipe. The end of the connecting pipe away from the main ash conveying pipe is connected to the accompanying air blowing pipe. A check valve and a ball valve are installed on the connecting pipe, and the ball valve is installed close to the accompanying air blowing pipe. The main air blowing pipe and the accompanying air blowing pipe are respectively installed at an angle on the ash hopper and the main ash conveying pipe, so that the air force blows out along the ash discharge direction of the ash hopper and the main ash conveying pipe.
2. The high-efficiency dust removal structure for top-blown electrostatic precipitator in copper smelting according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top of the electrostatic precipitator is equipped with a sealed box, and the transformer is located inside the sealed box. The sealed box is made of stainless steel double-layer sealed box body, and the interlayer of the sealed box is filled with aluminum silicate insulation cotton.
3. The high-efficiency dust removal structure for top-blown electrostatic precipitator in copper smelting according to claim 1, characterized in that: The dome valve includes a sealing ring, and the gap between the dome valve and the sealing ring is 0.1~0.3mm.
4. The high-efficiency dust removal structure for top-blown electrostatic precipitator in copper smelting according to claim 1, characterized in that: The main blowing pipe and the accompanying blowing pipe are powered by a nitrogen storage tank.
5. The high-efficiency dust removal structure for top-blown electrostatic precipitator in copper smelting according to claim 2, characterized in that: The sealed box is equipped with an electric heating dehumidification device.