Anti-collision device for axial large opening of heat exchanger tube side

Abstract

The utility model belongs to heat exchanger equipment technical field, concretely relates to a kind of anti-collision device for heat exchanger tube axial big opening. The anti-collision device for heat exchanger tube axial big opening, including tube box, gas inlet is provided in the inlet side of tube box, and the other side is sealed and fixed on tube sheet, heat exchange tube is welded on tube sheet, and heat exchange tube is communicated with tube box by tube sheet opening. Combination type anti-collision plate is arranged in tube box, and combination type anti-collision plate is tapered structure, including the round flat plate perpendicular to the axis of tube box and the taper segment plate extending to the inner wall of tube box along the edge of round flat plate, and anti-collision hole is arranged on round flat plate and taper segment plate. The utility model provides anti-collision device for heat exchanger tube axial big opening, for the heat exchanger with large-diameter opening, by setting combination type anti-collision plate, not only play the effect of anti-collision, but also can play the effect of making medium redistribution, make heat exchange effect be significantly improved, and heat exchange efficiency is increased.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the technical field of heat exchanger equipment, specifically relating to an anti-impact device for large axial openings in the tube side of a heat exchanger. Background Technology

[0002] Heat exchanger anti-impact plates are critical protective devices for shell-and-tube heat exchangers. In industries such as petroleum and chemical engineering, when high-speed, corrosive, or solid-particle-containing fluids enter the heat exchanger, they can directly erode the tube walls and weld seams, causing vibration, wear, and even breakage. This can also lead to uneven fluid distribution and reduced heat exchange efficiency. According to GB / T151-2014 "Heat Exchangers" and engineering design specifications: when the liquid ρν 2 >9000kg / (m·s) 2 (ρ—density, kg / m³) 3 When ν—flow velocity, m / s) or when the medium is a gas-liquid two-phase system, an anti-impact plate structure needs to be installed at the inlet.

[0003] Early anti-impact plates were mostly simple flat plate structures, which were fixed to the shell or tube bundle by welding. Although they could achieve basic anti-impact, they had many limitations: the welded connection was prone to fatigue cracking of the weld due to fluid impact, and the anti-impact plate could fall off. The flat plate structure had poor adaptability, which could easily lead to insufficient flow area, heat exchange dead zone or impurity accumulation, and it was difficult to cope with complex working conditions such as high pressure and phase change.

[0004] CN203489773U discloses a heat exchanger tube-side anti-impact device. This device involves fixing a baffle plate near the heat exchanger tubes inside the heat exchanger tube box. The baffle plate has upper and lower double notches, and small holes are evenly distributed outside the central area opposite the air inlet. The sum of the area of ​​the small holes and the area of ​​the double notches is greater than the air inlet flow area but less than the total flow area of ​​the heat exchanger tubes. This allows high-pressure, highly acidic natural gas to be blocked by the baffle plate and then slowly and evenly enter the heat exchanger tubes through the notches and small holes, preventing direct erosion of the tube sheet and the ends of the heat exchanger tubes. However, the double baffle setting is limited to small inlet diameters. When the air inlet diameter is large, the double baffle setting cannot meet the flow area requirements and cannot provide anti-impact protection.

[0005] CN221198150U discloses a tube-side anti-impact device for heat exchanger tubes. A circular first baffle and an annular second baffle are alternately installed inside the heat exchanger tube box. The first baffle is connected to the inner wall of the tube box via a support structure, with an annular notch on its outer side. The second baffle is directly connected to the inner wall of the tube box. Both baffles have evenly distributed conical through-holes. High-speed abrasive fluid is buffered by the double baffles and flows uniformly and slowly into the heat exchanger tubes, thus providing a certain degree of protection for the tube sheet and heat exchanger tubes. However, when the inlet diameter is large, the required diameter of the first baffle needs to be increased. In this case, the circumferential area formed by the first baffle and the tube box becomes smaller and smaller, the effect of the second annular baffle becomes less effective, and the flow area also becomes smaller and smaller, failing to meet the requirements.

[0006] In summary, compared to the same equipment diameter, the larger the inlet pipe diameter, the larger the required outer diameter of the anti-impact plate will be. When the axial opening ratio ρ is greater than 0.5, due to the limitation of opening reinforcement, the elliptical head is no longer applicable and a conical head is required. At this time, the existing common anti-impact plate structure is no longer applicable. How to ensure the flow area and achieve the anti-impact effect becomes the key. Utility Model Content

[0007] To overcome the problem of heat exchanger tube sheets and tubes being easily eroded in the existing technology, this utility model provides an anti-erosion device for large axial openings in the heat exchanger tube side. For heat exchangers with large diameter openings, by setting up a combined anti-erosion plate, it not only plays an anti-erosion role, but also redistributes the medium, thereby significantly improving the heat exchange effect and increasing the heat exchange efficiency.

[0008] The technical solution of this utility model is as follows: An anti-impact device for large axial openings in the tube side of a heat exchanger includes a tube box with an air inlet on the inlet side and a sealed and fixed tube sheet on the other side. Heat exchange tubes are welded to the tube sheet and communicate with the tube box through the openings in the tube sheet. A combined anti-impact plate is installed inside the tube box. The combined anti-impact plate has a tapered structure, including a circular flat plate perpendicular to the tube box axis and a conical plate extending along the edge of the circular flat plate towards the inner wall of the tube box. Anti-impact holes are provided on both the circular flat plate and the conical plate. The combined anti-impact plate is connected to the tube box by welding the conical plate to the circumference of the inner wall of the tube box. The welding structure adopts a full penetration weld to improve the connection firmness and effectively avoid the generation of welding cracks and the problem of anti-impact plate falling off.

[0009] Preferably, the arrangement of the anti-impact holes is consistent with the arrangement of the tube sheet openings, which allows the medium diverted by the anti-impact device to be directly aligned with the heat exchange tube inlet, reducing flow field turbulence and further improving the anti-impact effect and heat exchange efficiency.

[0010] Preferably, the anti-impact holes on the circular plate are parallel to the axis of the tube box, and the diameter of the anti-impact holes is no larger than the inner diameter of the heat exchange tube. This is to reduce the fluid impact velocity and distribute the fluid evenly. At the same time, it avoids the medium from directly impacting the welding point between the heat exchange tube and the tube sheet, thus reducing equipment wear.

[0011] Preferably, the ratio of the inlet diameter to the inner diameter of the tube box is the axial opening ratio ρ, with the axial opening ratio range being: 0.5 < ρ < 1; or the axial opening ratio range being: 0.5 < ρ ≤ 0.6. The diameter of the circular plate is larger than the inlet diameter, and the opening direction of the anti-impact hole on the conical plate is parallel to the tube box axis. The diameter of the anti-impact hole on the conical plate is not larger than the inner diameter of the heat exchange tube. Alternatively, the axial opening ratio range is: 0.6 < ρ < 1, the diameter of the circular plate is smaller than the inlet diameter, and the opening direction of the anti-impact hole on the conical plate is set along the normal direction of the conical plate surface. The inclined opening is used to guide the fluid to avoid directly impacting the tube head, thereby reducing impact wear on the heat exchange tube inlet.

[0012] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows: This utility model discloses an anti-impact device for heat exchanger tubes with large axial openings. Through the design of a combined anti-impact plate that adapts to different axial opening ratios, it effectively blocks the direct impact of fluid on the tube sheet and heat exchange tubes, extending the equipment life. It also optimizes the medium distribution and guides the flow direction, improving heat exchange efficiency while reducing flow resistance. Moreover, it has a simple structure and strong versatility, and is suitable for the anti-impact and heat exchange optimization needs of various tube-side heat exchangers with large axial openings. Attached Figure Description

[0013] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the anti-impact device for the large axial opening of the heat exchanger tube side in this utility model. Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the combined anti-impact plate in this utility model; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the combined anti-impact plate structure in this utility model from direction A. Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram showing the material passing through the opening at the conical section plate in this utility model.

[0014] In the diagram: 1. Tube box; 2. Heat exchange tube; 3. Air inlet; 4. Tube sheet; 41. Tube sheet opening; 5. Combined anti-impact plate; 51. Circular flat plate; 52. Conical plate; 53. Anti-impact hole. Detailed Implementation

[0015] The specific technical solution of this utility model will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0016] like Figures 1-3As shown, the anti-impact device for large axial openings in the heat exchanger tubes of this utility model includes a tube box 1. The tube box 1 has an air inlet 3 on its inlet side and is sealed and fixed to a tube sheet 4 on the other side. Heat exchange tubes 2 are welded on the tube sheet 4 and are connected to the tube box 1 through an opening 41 in the tube sheet. A combined anti-impact plate 5 is provided inside the tube box 1. The combined anti-impact plate 5 has a tapered structure and includes a circular flat plate 51 perpendicular to the axis of the tube box 1 and a conical plate 52 extending from the edge of the circular flat plate 51 toward the inner wall of the tube box 1. Anti-impact holes 53 are provided on both the circular flat plate 51 and the conical plate 52. The combined anti-impact plate 5 is welded to the inner wall of the tube box 1 around the periphery through the conical plate 52 to achieve the connection with the tube box 1. The welding structure adopts a full penetration weld.

[0017] The arrangement of the anti-blow holes 53 is consistent with the arrangement of the tube sheet openings 41.

[0018] The anti-impact hole 53 on the circular plate 51 is parallel to the axis of the tube box 1, and the diameter of the anti-impact hole 53 is not greater than the inner diameter of the heat exchange tube 2.

[0019] like Figure 4 As shown, the ratio of the diameter of the air inlet 3 to the inner diameter of the tube box 1 is the axial opening ratio ρ, and the axial opening ratio range is: 0.5 < ρ < 1; where the axial opening ratio range is: 0.5 < ρ ≤ 0.6, the diameter of the circular plate 51 is larger than the diameter of the air inlet 3, the opening direction of the anti-impact hole 53 on the conical plate 52 is parallel to the axis of the tube box 1, and the diameter of the anti-impact hole 53 on the conical plate 52 is not larger than the inner diameter of the heat exchange tube 2; when the axial opening ratio range is: 0.6 < ρ < 1, the diameter of the circular plate 51 is smaller than the diameter of the air inlet 3, and the opening direction of the anti-impact hole 53 on the conical plate 52 is set along the normal direction of the surface of the conical plate 52.

[0020] With an axial opening ratio range of 0.5

Claims

1. An anti-impact device for large axial openings in the tube side of a heat exchanger, characterized in that, The tube box (1) is provided with an air inlet (3) on the inlet side and sealed and fixed on the tube sheet (4) on the other side. Heat exchange tubes (2) are welded on the tube sheet (4) and the heat exchange tubes (2) are connected to the tube box (1) through the tube sheet opening (41). A combined anti-impact plate (5) is provided inside the tube box (1). The combined anti-impact plate (5) is a tapered structure, including a circular plate (51) perpendicular to the axis of the tube box (1) and a conical plate (52) extending along the edge of the circular plate (51) to the inner wall of the tube box (1). Anti-impact holes (53) are provided on both the circular plate (51) and the conical plate (52).

2. The anti-impact device for large axial openings in the heat exchanger tube side according to claim 1, characterized in that, The arrangement of the anti-punch holes (53) is consistent with the arrangement of the tube sheet openings (41).

3. The anti-impact device for large axial openings in the heat exchanger tube side according to claim 1, characterized in that, The anti-punch hole (53) on the circular plate (51) is parallel to the axis of the tube box (1), and the diameter of the anti-punch hole (53) is not greater than the inner diameter of the heat exchange tube (2).

4. The anti-impact device for large axial openings in heat exchanger tubes according to claim 1, characterized in that, The ratio of the diameter of the air inlet (3) to the inner diameter of the tube box (1) is the axial opening ratio ρ, and the range of the axial opening ratio is: 0.5 < ρ < 1.

5. The anti-impact device for large axial openings in the heat exchanger tube side according to claim 4, characterized in that, The axial opening ratio range is: when 0.5 < ρ ≤ 0.6, the diameter of the circular plate (51) is greater than the diameter of the air inlet (3), the opening direction of the anti-blow hole (53) on the conical plate (52) is parallel to the axis of the tube box (1), and the diameter of the anti-blow hole (53) on the conical plate (52) is not greater than the inner diameter of the heat exchange tube (2).

6. The anti-impact device for large axial openings in the heat exchanger tube side according to claim 4, characterized in that, When the axial opening ratio is 0.6 < ρ < 1, the diameter of the circular plate (51) is smaller than the diameter of the air inlet (3), and the opening direction of the anti-blow hole (53) on the conical plate (52) is set along the normal direction of the surface of the conical plate (52).

7. The anti-impact device for large axial openings in the heat exchanger tube side according to claim 1, characterized in that, The conical plate (52) is fixed to the inner wall of the pipe box (1) by full penetration welding.

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