Fire area high temperature adaptive mixed charge presplitting blasting device

Abstract

The utility model discloses a fire area high temperature adaptation type mixed loading medicine precracking blasting device, it includes outer heat insulation casing, inner mixed medicine cavity, double -channel feed line, cooling jacket structure and heat -resistant sealing assembly, outer heat insulation casing is multilayer composite ceramic fiber cylinder structure, and inner mixed medicine cavity is made of nickel base high temperature alloy and is equipped with helical guide vane, and double -channel feed line has aerogel heat -insulating layer, and cooling jacket is located between casing and cavity and is connected with outside cooling system, and heat -resistant sealing assembly adopts graphite packing and ceramic sealing ring combination. The application can realize the stable delivery and mixing of mixed loading medicine in the fire area high temperature environment.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of blasting engineering equipment technology, and in particular to a pre-splitting blasting device for mixed explosives adapted to high temperatures in fire zones. Background Technology

[0002] Pre-splitting blasting is a widely used controlled blasting technique in geotechnical engineering. It involves pre-forming cracks at the excavation boundary to reduce disturbance to the remaining rock mass from the main blasting zone, typically using mixed explosives. Mixed explosives, due to their on-site mixing and immediate use, offer high safety and adaptability in mining, tunneling, and other scenarios. However, when conducting pre-splitting blasting in special environments such as high-temperature fire zones, conventional mixed explosive devices face problems such as insufficient thermal stability, premature reaction of the explosives, or performance degradation, affecting blasting effectiveness and operational safety. Existing mixed explosive pre-splitting blasting devices are mostly designed for ambient temperature conditions. Their structures and materials may have limited thermal insulation performance under sustained high temperatures, and internal components may be prone to thermal deformation or failure, leading to reduced reliability in the charging process and making it difficult to meet the stable operation requirements in high-temperature fire zones. Utility Model Content

[0003] The purpose of this utility model is to provide a pre-splitting blasting device for mixed explosives that is adaptable to high temperatures in fire zones, thus solving the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0004] This utility model is implemented as follows: a high-temperature adaptable pre-splitting blasting device for mixed explosives in fire zones, comprising an outer heat-insulating shell, an inner mixing chamber, a dual-channel feeding pipeline, a cooling jacket structure, and a heat-resistant sealing assembly, wherein:

[0005] The outer heat insulation shell is made of multi-layer composite ceramic fiber material, and its overall shape is cylindrical. The outer wall has annular reinforcing ribs to improve structural rigidity, and the inner wall surface is coated with a reflective high-temperature coating. The inner mixing chamber is embedded in the central area of ​​the outer heat insulation shell. It is made of nickel-based high-temperature alloy and has spiral guide vanes inside to guide the uniform mixing of the two drug components within the chamber. The dual-channel supply pipeline penetrates the side wall of the outer heat insulation shell and connects to the inner mixing chamber. This pipeline consists of two isolated metal hoses, each wrapped with an aerogel insulation layer, and each hose end has a tapered connector for connecting to external supply equipment. The cooling jacket... The jacket is arranged in an annular gap between the outer heat insulation shell and the inner mixing chamber. The jacket is welded from two layers of thin stainless steel plates, forming a closed cooling medium flow chamber inside. The inlet and outlet of the cooling medium flow chamber are respectively opened on both sides of the bottom of the outer heat insulation shell and connected to the external circulating cooling system through quick-connect couplings. The heat-resistant sealing assembly is installed at the outlet end of the inner mixing chamber and includes a graphite packing seal ring, a ceramic sealing ring, and a clamping flange. The graphite packing seal ring is sleeved on the outer circumference of the outlet. The ceramic sealing ring is embedded in the inner groove of the clamping flange and fits against the end face of the graphite packing seal ring. The clamping flange is fixed to the end of the outer heat insulation shell by high-temperature bolts.

[0006] Optionally, the cooling jacket structure further includes turbulence ribs, wherein a plurality of turbulence ribs are evenly distributed along the circumference of the cooling medium flow cavity and welded to the outer surface of the inner stainless steel sheet, for extending the flow path of the cooling medium in the jacket and enhancing the heat exchange efficiency.

[0007] Optionally, a diversion cone is provided at the inlet of the internal mixing chamber. The diversion cone is fixedly connected to the front end inside the chamber, with its tip facing the incoming material direction. Multiple axial guide grooves are opened on the cone surface to disperse the drug flow entering the chamber to the starting position of the spiral guide vanes.

[0008] Optionally, the top of the outer heat insulation shell is provided with a temperature monitoring window, which is made of high-temperature resistant quartz glass. Its edge is fixedly connected to the shell by a metal sealing ring. An infrared reflective filter is provided on the inner side of the window to isolate the interference of external heat radiation on the internal temperature measuring element.

[0009] Optionally, the metal hose of the dual-channel feeding pipeline is lined with a polytetrafluoroethylene corrosion-resistant layer with a thickness of 0.5 mm, and the surface is plasma-treated to enhance compatibility with the agent.

[0010] Optionally, the spiral guide vanes are six in number, with each vane distributed at an equal angle along the inner wall of the mixing chamber. The vane height gradually decreases from the inlet end to the outlet end, and the vane surface is provided with micron-level pit textures to promote turbulent mixing of the drug.

[0011] Optionally, a support base is fixedly connected to the bottom of the outer heat insulation shell. The support base includes an annular base plate and three radial support arms. The annular base plate is welded to the bottom of the outer heat insulation shell. One end of each radial support arm is fixedly connected to the annular base plate, and the other end extends outward and is provided with a mounting hole for fixing the entire device to the drilling platform.

[0012] Optionally, the cooling jacket structure is equipped with a filter screen at both the liquid inlet and the liquid outlet. The filter screen is woven from stainless steel wire with a mesh size of 100 micrometers, which is used to intercept solid particles in the cooling medium and prevent clogging of the gaps between the turbulence fins.

[0013] Optionally, the outer periphery of the clamping flange is provided with heat dissipation fins, and a plurality of heat dissipation fins are evenly arranged along the circumference of the flange. The surface of the fins is coated with a high emissivity ceramic coating to accelerate heat dissipation in the sealing area.

[0014] This utility model provides a high-temperature adaptable pre-splitting blasting device for mixed explosive charges in fire zones, which has the following beneficial effects:

[0015] This high-temperature adaptable pre-splitting blasting device for mixed explosives utilizes the synergistic effect of an outer heat-insulating shell and a cooling jacket structure to form a highly efficient heat barrier on the outside of the device while continuously and actively cooling the inside, effectively controlling the working temperature of the inner mixing chamber below the safe reaction threshold of the explosives. The dual-channel feeding pipeline adopts an independently isolated design and is supplemented with an aerogel insulation layer to avoid the thermal impact of the high-temperature environment on unmixed explosives. The inner mixing chamber is made of nickel-based high-temperature alloy and equipped with spiral guide vanes to ensure that the structure does not deform and the mixing efficiency does not decrease under high-temperature conditions. The heat-resistant sealing component, combining graphite packing and ceramic sealing rings, solves the problem of traditional rubber seal failure at high temperatures, maintaining a reliable seal at the outlet. The combination of a flow-diverting cone and micron-level pit texture further improves the mixing uniformity of the explosives under high-temperature conditions. The combined effect of these structures enables this invention to stably complete the entire process of transporting, mixing, and filling mixed explosives in the high-temperature environment of a fire zone, ensuring the safety and effectiveness of pre-splitting blasting operations. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall first-view structure of this utility model;

[0017] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the temperature detection window of the utility model.

[0018] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the external heat insulation shell structure of the utility model;

[0019] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the metal flexible hose of the utility model;

[0020] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the overall second-view structure of the utility model;

[0021] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the utility model;

[0022] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the internal dressing chamber of the utility model;

[0023] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the spiral guide vane structure of the utility model;

[0024] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the cooling jacket structure of the utility model.

[0025] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0026] 1. Outer heat-insulating shell; 2. Inner mixing chamber; 3. Dual-channel feeding pipeline; 4. Cooling jacket structure; 5. Heat-resistant sealing assembly; 6. Annular reinforcing rib; 7. Reflective high-temperature coating; 8. Spiral guide vane; 9. Metal hose; 10. Aerogel insulation layer; 11. Conical docking interface; 12. Stainless steel sheet; 13. Cooling medium flow chamber; 14. Inlet; 15. Outlet; 16. Quick-connect connector; 17. Baffle rib; 18. Diverting cone; 19. Axial guide groove; 20. Temperature monitoring window; 21. High-temperature resistant quartz glass; 22. Metal sealing ring; 23. Infrared reflective filter; 24. PTFE corrosion-resistant layer; 25. Micron-level pit texture; 26. Support base; 27. Annular substrate; 28. Radial support arm; 29. ​​Mounting hole; 30. Filter screen. Detailed Implementation

[0027] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0028] Please see Figures 1 to 9This utility model provides a high-temperature adaptable pre-splitting blasting device for mixed explosives in fire zones. The overall structure of the device includes an outer heat-insulating shell 1, an inner mixing chamber 2, a dual-channel feeding pipeline 3, a cooling jacket structure 4, and a heat-resistant sealing component 5. The outer heat-insulating shell 1 is cylindrical in shape and is made of multi-layer composite ceramic fiber material. The outer wall is provided with annular reinforcing ribs 6 to improve the structural rigidity of the shell in high-temperature environments. The inner wall surface is coated with a reflective high-temperature coating 7, which is made of zirconium oxide and yttrium oxide mixed and sintered, and has high infrared reflectivity, which can effectively block the transmission of external heat radiation to the interior.

[0029] The internal mixing chamber 2 is embedded in the central region of the outer heat-insulating shell 1. It is made of Inconel 718, a nickel-based high-temperature alloy that maintains good mechanical strength and creep resistance even below 900 degrees Celsius. The inner wall of the internal mixing chamber 2 is provided with six spiral guide vanes 8 along the axial direction, each vane distributed at a 60-degree angle along the inner wall. The height of the spiral guide vanes 8 gradually decreases from the inlet end to the outlet end, with a height of 12 mm at the inlet end and 6 mm at the outlet end. The vane surface is machined with micron-level pit textures 25, with pits having a diameter of 50 micrometers and a depth of 20 micrometers, arranged in a honeycomb pattern. This is used to induce local turbulence during drug flow, enhancing the mixing uniformity of the two drug components.

[0030] The dual-channel feeding pipeline 3 penetrates the side wall of the outer heat-insulating shell 1 and connects to the inner mixing chamber 2. This pipeline consists of two isolated metal hoses 9, each made of stainless steel corrugated pipe, providing axial and radial flexibility. The outer side of each metal hose 9 is wrapped with an aerogel insulation layer 10, which is 8 mm thick and made of silica aerogel and glass fiber composite, with a thermal conductivity of less than 0.02 watts per meter Kelvin. The ends of the metal hoses 9 are equipped with tapered docking interfaces 11 with a 30-degree taper angle and mirror-polished surfaces for quick sealing connections with external feeding equipment. The inner wall of the metal hoses 9 is lined with a polytetrafluoroethylene corrosion-resistant layer 24, which is 0.5 mm thick and plasma-activated to improve its chemical compatibility with mixed drug components such as ammonium nitrate and diesel fuel, preventing adsorption or decomposition of the drugs during transport.

[0031] The cooling jacket structure 4 is arranged around the annular gap between the outer heat insulation shell 1 and the inner mixing chamber 2. The jacket is constructed by welding two layers of stainless steel sheets 12, forming a closed cooling medium flow chamber 13 between them. The inlet 14 and outlet 15 of the cooling medium flow chamber 13 are respectively located on the left and right sides of the bottom of the outer heat insulation shell 1. Both the inlet 14 and outlet 15 are connected to the external circulating cooling system via quick-connect connectors 16. The quick-connect connectors 16 are made of high-temperature alloy material and can maintain sealing performance at 300 degrees Celsius. The cooling jacket structure 4 also includes multiple turbulence ribs 17, which are evenly distributed along the circumference of the cooling medium flow chamber 13. There are twelve turbulence ribs, each welded to the outer surface of the inner stainless steel sheet 12. The ribs are 5 mm high and 3 mm wide, extending in a spiral shape to extend the flow path of the cooling medium in the jacket and disrupt the boundary layer, thereby enhancing heat exchange efficiency. Both the liquid inlet 14 and the liquid outlet 15 are equipped with filter screens 30. The filter screens 30 are woven from stainless steel wire with a mesh size of 100 micrometers. They are used to intercept solid particles that may be present in the cooling medium and prevent the gaps of the turbulence fins 17 from being blocked.

[0032] A diversion cone 18 is fixedly connected to the inlet of the internal mixing chamber 2. The diversion cone 18 is made of the same nickel-based high-temperature alloy as the internal mixing chamber 2, with its tip facing the incoming material direction and a cone angle of 60 degrees. Six axial guide grooves 19 are formed on the cone surface of the diversion cone 18. The axial guide grooves 19 are evenly distributed around the circumference of the cone surface, with a groove width of 3 mm and a depth of 2 mm. They are used to evenly disperse the drug flow from the future self-feeding pipeline to the starting position of the spiral guide vane 8, avoiding the formation of eddies or stagnant areas of the drug at the inlet.

[0033] The top of the outer heat insulation shell 1 is equipped with a temperature monitoring window 20, which is made of high-temperature resistant quartz glass 21. The quartz glass 21 has a melting point higher than 1600 degrees Celsius and a light transmittance of over 90% in both the visible and near-infrared bands. The edge of the high-temperature resistant quartz glass 21 is fixedly connected to the outer heat insulation shell 1 by a metal sealing ring 22. The metal sealing ring 22 is made of Invar alloy, and its coefficient of thermal expansion matches that of the quartz glass 21, ensuring that the seal remains intact even under drastic temperature changes. An infrared reflective filter 23 is provided inside the temperature monitoring window 20. The infrared reflective filter 23 is composed of multiple layers of alternating titanium oxide and silicon dioxide coatings, which can reflect infrared radiation with wavelengths greater than 2.5 micrometers, allowing only visible light to pass through. This is used to isolate the internal infrared temperature measuring element from interference by external fire zone heat radiation, ensuring the accuracy of temperature monitoring data.

[0034] The heat-resistant sealing assembly 5 is installed at the outlet end of the internal mixing chamber 2 and includes a graphite packing seal ring, a ceramic sealing ring, and a compression flange. The graphite packing seal ring, made of high-purity flexible graphite braid, is fitted around the outer periphery of the outlet of the internal mixing chamber 2 and can operate continuously at 600 degrees Celsius without carbonization failure. The ceramic sealing ring, made of reaction-sintered silicon carbide, is embedded in the inner groove of the compression flange. It has high hardness and low thermal conductivity, and its end face is tightly fitted with the graphite packing seal ring, forming a double sealing interface. The compression flange is fixed to the end of the outer heat insulation shell 1 by high-temperature bolts made of A286 alloy steel, which has excellent high-temperature relaxation resistance. The outer periphery of the compression flange is provided with eight heat dissipation fins, evenly arranged along the flange circumference. The fin height is 25 mm, and the surface is coated with a high-emissivity ceramic coating. This coating is made of alumina and chromium oxide composite sintering, with an emissivity greater than 0.9, used to accelerate the dissipation of heat from the sealing area to the environment and reduce the temperature of the sealing interface.

[0035] The bottom of the outer heat insulation shell 1 is fixedly connected to a support base 26, which includes an annular base plate 27 and three radial support arms 28. The annular base plate 27 is welded to the bottom of the outer heat insulation shell 1 as a whole by a circumferential weld, and the weld is free of defects after X-ray flaw detection. The three radial support arms 28 are evenly distributed at 120 degrees, with one end welded and fixed to the annular base plate 27, and the other end extending outward and provided with a mounting hole 29. The mounting hole 29 is a through hole with a diameter of 16 mm, used to fix the entire device to the bracket of the drilling platform with high-strength bolts to ensure the stability of the device position during blasting operations.

[0036] In practical applications, the external circulating cooling system pumps cooling medium into the cooling medium flow chamber 13 via quick-connect connector 16. The cooling medium is deionized water or ethylene glycol aqueous solution, with a flow rate controlled at three to five liters per minute. The cooling medium flows through the complex flow channels formed by the turbulence fins 17, fully absorbing the heat conducted from the internal mixing chamber 2 to the jacket before being discharged from the outlet 15, thus achieving active cooling of the internal mixing chamber 2. Simultaneously, the multi-layer composite ceramic fiber structure of the outer heat insulation shell 1 and the reflective high-temperature coating 7 together constitute a passive heat insulation barrier, significantly reducing the heat transfer rate from the external fire zone to the inside of the device. The two component agents enter the internal mixing chamber 2 through two metal hoses 9 of the dual-channel supply pipeline 3, and are evenly distributed to the starting end of the spiral guide vane 8 under the guidance of the flow divider cone 18. Subsequently, efficient mixing is completed under the combined action of the spiral guide vane 8 and the micron-level pit texture 25, and finally discharged from the outlet and injected into the borehole. Throughout the process, the heat-resistant sealing assembly 5 maintains a reliable seal at the outlet to prevent leakage of high-temperature agents; the temperature monitoring window 20 allows operators to monitor the internal temperature of the mixing chamber 2 in real time, ensuring that it is always below the safe reaction threshold of the agent.

[0037] Through the above-mentioned structural design, this utility model achieves reliable control over the entire process of transporting, mixing and filling mixed agents in a continuous high-temperature environment in the fire zone. It solves the technical problems of premature reaction of agents, seal failure and uneven mixing in traditional mixed agent devices under high-temperature conditions, and ensures the safety of pre-splitting blasting operations and the consistency of blasting effect.

[0038] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present utility model and is not intended to limit the present utility model. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present utility model should be included within the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A high-temperature adaptable pre-splitting blasting device for mixed explosives in fire zones, characterized in that, It includes an outer heat-insulating shell (1), an inner mixing chamber (2), a dual-channel feeding pipeline (3), a cooling jacket structure (4), and a heat-resistant sealing assembly (5), wherein: The outer heat insulation shell (1) is a cylindrical structure made of multi-layer composite ceramic fiber material, with annular reinforcing ribs (6) on the outer wall and a reflective high-temperature coating (7) on the inner wall; The internal mixing chamber (2) is embedded in the central area inside the outer heat insulation shell (1), and is made of nickel-based high-temperature alloy. The inner wall is provided with spiral guide vanes (8). The dual-channel feeding pipeline (3) penetrates the side wall of the outer heat insulation shell (1) and communicates with the inner mixing chamber (2). It consists of two mutually isolated metal hoses (9). Each metal hose (9) is wrapped with an aerogel heat insulation layer (10) on the outside and has a tapered docking interface (11) at the end. The cooling jacket structure (4) is arranged around the annular gap between the outer heat insulation shell (1) and the inner mixing chamber (2). It is formed by welding two layers of stainless steel thin plates (12) to form a closed cooling medium flow chamber (13). The inlet (14) and outlet (15) of the cooling medium flow chamber (13) are opened on both sides of the bottom of the outer heat insulation shell (1) and connected to the external circulating cooling system through quick connectors (16). The heat-resistant sealing assembly (5) is installed at the outlet end of the inner mixing chamber (2) and includes a graphite packing seal ring, a ceramic sealing ring and a compression flange. The graphite packing seal ring is sleeved on the outer periphery of the discharge port, the ceramic sealing ring is embedded in the inner groove of the compression flange and fits against the end face of the graphite packing seal ring, and the compression flange is fixed to the end of the outer heat insulation shell (1) by high-temperature bolts.

2. The high-temperature adaptable mixed-charge pre-splitting blasting device for fire zones according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cooling jacket structure (4) also includes turbulence ribs (17), and multiple turbulence ribs (17) are evenly distributed around the cooling medium flow cavity (13) and welded to the outer surface of the inner stainless steel sheet (12).

3. The high-temperature adaptable mixed-charge pre-splitting blasting device for fire zones according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inlet of the internal mixing chamber (2) is provided with a diversion cone (18), the tip of the diversion cone (18) faces the incoming material direction, and multiple axial guide grooves (19) are opened on the cone surface.

4. The high-temperature adaptable mixed-charge pre-splitting blasting device for fire zones according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer heat insulation shell (1) is provided with a temperature monitoring window (20) at the top. The temperature monitoring window (20) is made of high temperature resistant quartz glass (21), and its edge is fixedly connected to the shell by a metal sealing ring (22). An infrared reflective filter (23) is provided on the inner side of the window.

5. The high-temperature adaptable mixed-charge pre-splitting blasting device for fire zones according to claim 1, characterized in that: The metal hose (9) of the dual-channel feeding pipeline (3) is lined with a polytetrafluoroethylene corrosion-resistant layer (24) with a thickness of 0.5 mm and the surface is plasma treated.

6. The high-temperature adaptable mixed-charge pre-splitting blasting device for fire zones according to claim 1, characterized in that: The spiral guide vanes (8) number six and are distributed at equal angles along the inner wall of the inner mixing cavity (2). The height of the vanes gradually decreases from the inlet end to the outlet end, and the surface of the vanes is provided with micron-level pit textures (25).

7. The high-temperature adaptable mixed-charge pre-splitting blasting device for fire zones according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom of the outer heat insulation shell (1) is fixedly connected to a support base (26). The support base (26) includes an annular base plate (27) and three radial support arms (28). One end of each radial support arm (28) is fixedly connected to the annular base plate (27), and the other end extends outward and is provided with a mounting hole (29).

Images