A borehole plug device

Abstract

The utility model relates to a blast hole plugging device, including the bag body, the bag body is composed of flexible material, be equipped with the isolation net in the bag body, the isolation net will the inner chamber of bag body divide into first chamber and second chamber and intercommunicate distribution upper and lower, be equipped with the powdery filler for constructing non newtonian fluid in the second chamber, be equipped with the water injection strip of flexible material on the bag body, be equipped with the first water outlet of first chamber intercommunication and the second water outlet of second chamber on the water injection strip, the top of bag body is equipped with the exhaust port, be equipped with the detachable plug on the exhaust port. The utility model discloses a blast hole plugging device has good plugging effect, helps to greatly simplify the complexity degree of construction, has very high application and popularization value, provides a safe, environmental protection, simple and feasible plugging solution scheme for blasting engineering.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of blasting engineering technology, and relates to a borehole plugging device, and more particularly to a borehole plugging device with a non-Newtonian fluid. Background Technology

[0002] In underground mine tunnel excavation and other fields, traditional methods of plugging blast holes often use clay plugging mud or polyurethane foam. Clay plugging mud has problems such as uneven density and poor impact resistance, and is prone to "hole punching" during blasting; although polyurethane foam has good sealing properties, it is expensive and leaves residues that pollute the rock mass.

[0003] In recent years, although non-Newtonian fluid plugging materials have emerged, they still have some shortcomings, although they are strain rate sensitive (viscosity increases sharply when subjected to impact). For example, Chinese invention patent application CN109238058A discloses a sealing method based on a dilatant non-Newtonian fluid material, which uses a dilatant non-Newtonian fluid as the sealing material. The sealing material is composed of a dispersed phase and a dispersion medium. The dispersed phase of the sealing material is made of nano-silica, corn starch, or cement-based material, and the dispersion medium is made of water, polyethylene glycol, polypropylene glycol, or glycerol. The sealing method includes the following steps: 1) After drilling, explosives and detonating devices are loaded; 2) The sealing material is packaged into a cylindrical explosive cartridge and then pushed to the predetermined sealing position; 3) After the sealing operation is completed, the detonation is initiated; 4) After the drilling and blasting are completed, the sealing material is recovered for reuse; when a misfire occurs during drilling and blasting, the sealing material is released, and the detonating device is disposed of, or a new detonating device is loaded, and the sealing and detonation are re-initiated.

[0004] Chinese utility model patent CN206330497U discloses a device for tamping blast holes, including an outer water bag with an inner water bag fitted inside its opening. The head of the inner water bag extends beyond the opening of the outer water bag. The outer side wall of the inner water bag is sealed to the inner side wall of the outer water bag via a sealing strip. The bottom of the inner water bag is connected to the body of the outer water bag, and the body of the outer water bag contains a mixture of water and sand. This patent utilizes the mixture of water and sand to form a non-Newtonian fluid, which hinders the movement of the tamping material during blasting, thus achieving a good tamping effect. However, this device lacks a directional water injection mechanism, making the hydration reaction difficult to complete. Furthermore, air introduced during on-site water injection may occupy a large space in the tamping material, which cannot be expelled, affecting the tamping effect. Additionally, material segregation easily occurs after water injection, only achieving water and sand separation, limiting the tamping effect. Utility Model Content

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to address the shortcomings of existing technologies by providing a borehole plugging device with excellent plugging effect.

[0006] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the technical solution of this utility model is as follows: A borehole plugging device includes a bag body made of a flexible material; an isolation net is provided inside the bag body, which divides the inner cavity of the bag body into a first cavity and a second cavity that are distributed vertically and communicate with each other; the second cavity contains powdered filler for constructing a non-Newtonian fluid; a water injection strip made of flexible material is provided on the bag body, the water injection strip has a first water outlet communicating with the first cavity and a second water outlet communicating with the second cavity; an exhaust port is provided at the top of the bag body, and a removable plug is provided on the exhaust port.

[0007] Therefore, when it is necessary to plug the borehole, the vent can be opened first, and water or other dispersing media can be injected into the bag through the water injection strip, so that the first chamber is filled with water to form a water-containing zone; at the same time, the powdered filler used to construct the non-Newtonian fluid in the second chamber mixes with the water or other dispersing media to form a non-Newtonian fluid, which in turn forms a non-Newtonian column, thus activating the non-Newtonian fluid; then, the plug is installed, the vent is closed, and pressurized water is injected, so that the bag forms a complete plug. The plug is then installed at the target position of the borehole, keeping the water injection port facing the borehole opening. With the above design, when plugging is needed, a dispersing medium such as water can be temporarily injected, which is convenient for transportation and use, and reduces the possibility of non-Newtonian fluid segregation affecting the plugging effect. The isolation mesh facilitates the discharge of gas in the second chamber during water injection, and at the same time, isolates the water in the first chamber from the non-Newtonian fluid in the second chamber. This prevents the constructed non-Newtonian fluid from flowing into the first chamber and causing excessive segregation, which helps to prolong the maintenance time of the intact non-Newtonian column, thereby achieving excellent plugging effect. Therefore, the borehole plugging device of this invention has the advantage of excellent plugging effect.

[0008] Furthermore, the amount of powdered filler is 0.5-0.9 times the volume of the second cavity.

[0009] Furthermore, the length of the second cavity is 0.55-0.85 times the length of the inner cavity of the bag.

[0010] Furthermore, the aperture of the isolation mesh is 50-100 micrometers.

[0011] Furthermore, the top of the bag is provided with a water inlet, and a water injection strip is fixed to the inner wall of the bag, with the top of the water injection strip communicating with the water inlet. This further facilitates the injection of water or other dispersing media during use.

[0012] The water injection strip is made of flexible material. After water is injected, it can achieve "self-locking" by utilizing the pressure difference between the inside and outside of the water injection strip, which can prevent water from flowing back through the water injection strip. No additional sealing facilities are required, making the borehole plugging device of this utility model simpler and more practical.

[0013] Furthermore, there are at least two second outlets, which are distributed sequentially along the length of the injection strip. This helps to more thoroughly mix the water-dispersed matrix with the powdered filler, resulting in a more uniform and superior non-Newtonian fluid.

[0014] Furthermore, the bag body is made of polyethylene, and optionally, the water injection strip is made of polyethylene.

[0015] Preferably, the bag body is made of linear low-density polyethylene (LLDPE), which has both high strength and ductility, and good puncture resistance.

[0016] Optionally, the thickness of the bag wall is 0.5-1.5mm. Optionally, the portion of the bag not filled with powdered filler before use can be kept in a vacuum flat shape. Optionally, after water is injected during use, the bag becomes cylindrical, and the diameter of the formed cylinder is 2-4mm smaller than the diameter of the borehole. Optionally, the length of the bag is 250-600mm.

[0017] Optionally, the wall of the water injection strip comprises 2-3 layers of polyethylene film.

[0018] Furthermore, the material of the isolation net is cotton or polyethylene. Optionally, the isolation net is a loosely woven pure cotton mesh or a polyethylene plastic film.

[0019] Furthermore, the thickness of the isolation net is 2-30mm, and can be further selected as 5, 8, 10, 12, 15, 18, 20, 22, 25, or 28mm.

[0020] Alternatively, the powdered filler may be a solid phase component of an existing non-Newtonian fluid, such as the dispersed phase described in CN109238058A, starch described in CN108871116B, etc.

[0021] Optionally, the particle size of the powdered filler is 62-80 micrometers.

[0022] This invention utilizes a non-Newtonian fluid formed by mixing powdered filler with water and other dispersing media to block blast holes. By incorporating components such as a fiber isolation mesh, water injection strips, vents, and outlets, the powdered filler can fully absorb water, preventing the non-Newtonian fluid from collapsing naturally and maintaining a constant shape. This eliminates the adverse effects of air occupying the bag's volume, significantly extending the effectiveness and timeliness of the blocking device. Furthermore, the front end of the blocking device is a water-containing area, retaining the dust suppression and blasting effect benefits of water bag blocking. Utilizing the impact-resistant properties of the non-Newtonian fluid, it achieves excellent blocking results while greatly simplifying construction complexity, possessing high application and promotion value. It provides a safe, environmentally friendly, simple, and feasible blocking solution for blasting projects.

[0023] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows: (1) The hole plugging device of this utility model is easy to use and has excellent plugging effect.

[0024] (2) The borehole plugging device of this utility model is provided with a water-containing area (corresponding to the first cavity). It utilizes the low compressibility of water, the greater density than air, and the participation of water in the blasting reaction, which helps to reduce dust and eliminate hazards, save explosives, and improve the blasting effect.

[0025] (3) The borehole plugging device of this utility model is provided with a non-Newtonian fluid zone (corresponding to the second cavity). After water injection, the non-Newtonian fluid formed by mixing powdered filler with water and other dispersion media has high viscosity and weak fluidity. When the detonation wave acts on the non-Newtonian fluid, its viscosity can quickly adapt to the change of the shock wave, forming a relatively stable structure, effectively slowing down the propagation speed of the shock wave, concentrating the blasting energy to be transferred to the surrounding rocks, and preventing the waste of detonation energy.

[0026] (4) The borehole plugging device of this utility model is equipped with an isolation net, which can realize the "isolation" between the non-Newtonian fluid zone and the water-containing zone. It can prevent the non-Newtonian fluid in the second chamber from flowing into the first chamber when the borehole is plugged during tunneling, thus preventing the problem of excessive material segregation. It prolongs the time for the non-Newtonian body to maintain its columnar integrity and helps to ensure excellent plugging effect.

[0027] (5) The hole plugging device of this utility model is equipped with a water injection strip and an exhaust port. The water injection strip is designed with a first water outlet and a second water outlet, which can fully inject water into the first chamber and the second chamber at one time, which helps to simplify the operation of the water injection process in the field. The exhaust port is opened and closed by a plug. During the water injection process, most of the air in the bag can be reduced, eliminating the adverse effects of gas occupying the bag volume.

[0028] (6) The hole plugging device of this utility model also has the advantages of simple preparation process and low cost. When in use, a non-Newtonian fluid can be formed by temporarily injecting water or other dispersing media. It has excellent impact resistance and is simple and easy to use. It greatly simplifies the process flow and operation time of traditional plugging methods. Using water and non-Newtonian fluid for plugging can save explosive consumption, uniform blasting block size, reduce dust and purify the environment. It has broad application value. Attached Figure Description

[0029] Figure 1 This is a front view of the borehole plugging device according to the first embodiment of this utility model.

[0030] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view of the borehole plugging device according to the first embodiment of this utility model.

[0031] Figure 3 This is an enlarged view of the top of the borehole plugging device according to the first embodiment of this utility model.

[0032] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram showing the effect of water injection on the borehole plugging device according to the first embodiment of this utility model.

[0033] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the borehole plugging device of the first embodiment of the present invention used for plugging horizontal boreholes. Detailed Implementation

[0034] The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features described in the embodiments of the present invention can be combined with each other. For ease of description, the terms "upper," "lower," "left," and "right" appearing below only indicate that they correspond to the upper, lower, left, and right directions in the accompanying drawings and do not limit the structure.

[0035] See Figures 1-4 A borehole plugging device includes a bag body 1 made of flexible material; an isolation net 4 is provided inside the bag body 1, which divides the inner cavity of the bag body 1 into a first cavity 3 and a second cavity 2 that are distributed vertically and interconnected. The second cavity 2 contains powdered filler 5 for constructing non-Newtonian fluids; a water injection strip 6 made of flexible material is provided on the bag body 1, and the water injection strip 6 has a first water outlet 801 communicating with the first cavity 3 and a second water outlet 802 communicating with the second cavity 2; an exhaust port 9 is provided at the top of the bag body 1, and a removable plug 10 is provided on the exhaust port 9. The diameter of the exhaust port 9 is 6mm, and a rubber perforated ring with a thickness of 3mm is provided at the exhaust port 9 to cooperate with the plug to achieve sealing; the plug is made of rubber and is composed of a cylinder and a frustum that are distributed vertically and integrally connected, the diameter of the cylinder is 9mm, and the bottom diameter and top diameter of the frustum are 4mm and 8mm respectively.

[0036] The amount of powdered filler 5 is 0.8 times the volume of the second cavity 2. The length of the second cavity 2 is 2 / 3 times the length of the inner cavity of the bag body 1. The pore size of the isolation mesh 4 is 65 micrometers. Optionally, by mass, the powdered filler 5 includes 71 parts of sodium bentonite, 15 parts of modified lithium saponite, 2 parts of sodium carbonate, 1.5 parts of sodium hexametaphosphate, 3.5 parts of polyethylene glycol, 3 parts of silica, and 4 parts of borax, wherein the layer charge density of the sodium bentonite is ≥0.6 eq / kg, and the preparation method of the modified lithium saponite includes the following steps: (1) Disperse lithium saponite in water to obtain a suspension; (2) After mixing the suspension with a solution containing doped ions, the pH of the reaction system is adjusted to 9.0, and then hydrothermally reacted at 160°C for 8.5 hours. After solid-liquid separation, washing, drying and grinding are performed in sequence to obtain modified lithium saponite. The dopant ion is Al. 3+ The ratio of the dopant ions in the solution to the total molar amount of Li and Mg in the suspension is 0.13:1.

[0037] After mixing powdered filler 5 with water at a mass ratio of 100:125, the resulting non-Newtonian fluid exhibited a static viscosity of 9500 mPa·s (obtained using a rotational rheometer, specifically measured at 25°C according to ASTM D2196 standard method). The static viscosity was determined by steady-state flow curve testing at a shear rate of 0.01 s⁻¹. -1 The apparent viscosity value obtained below.

[0038] The top of the bag body 1 is provided with a water inlet 7, and a water injection strip 6 is fixed to the inner wall of the bag body 1. The top end of the water injection strip 6 is connected to the water inlet 7. The water inlet 7 extends outward 20mm from the end of the bag body.

[0039] There are two second water outlets 802, which are distributed sequentially along the length of the water injection strip 6.

[0040] The bag body 1 is made of linear low-density polyethylene (LLDPE) with a wall thickness of 1 mm; the water injection strip 6 is made of polyethylene and is formed by hot-melt bonding of the edges of two layers of polyethylene film, which is attached to the inside of the bag body. The isolation net 4 is made of cotton.

[0041] The method for preparing the above-mentioned borehole plugging device includes the following steps: Step 1, Prepare powder filler 5: Step 2: Prepare the bag body; Using a plastic bag making machine, one side of the bag body 1 is prepared according to the designed mold. The water injection strip 6 is aligned along the inner side of the bag body 1. The isolation net 4 is fixed inside the bag body. The two sides and top of the bag body 1 are heat-sealed using a film sealing machine.

[0042] Step 3: Assembly; Pour the prepared powder filler 5 into the prepared bag body 1 from the bottom, filling the second cavity to four-fifths of its volume. Then, after vacuuming with a film sealing machine, seal the bottom of the bag body to obtain a borehole plugging device, ready for use.

[0043] When using, first connect one end of a small-diameter water injection rod of the matching size to a water pipe and the other end to the water injection port. At the same time, remove the plug and open the vent. After the second and first chambers of the bag are filled with water, stop the water injection, install the plug and close the vent. Then, pressurize and inject water to make the bag into a complete cylindrical shape (40mm in diameter and 300mm in length). After the water injection is completed, place the borehole plugging device vertically with the water injection port facing upwards.

[0044] See Figure 5After the drilling of the tunnel face is completed, install the emulsion explosive 11 and the digital electronic detonator 12. After the charging and wiring work is completed, insert the hole plugging device after the water injection is completed into the hole with the water injection port facing the hole opening, until the designed position is 0.3m away from the hole opening.

[0045] Depending on the requirements, one or more borehole plugging devices can be used to plug the boreholes.

[0046] When applied to blasting operations, the detonation wave first acts instantaneously on the water-bearing area, achieving the sealing effect of a traditional water bag. Simultaneously, the detonation wave propagates to the formed non-Newtonian fluid region (corresponding to the second cavity). This non-Newtonian fluid exhibits characteristics such as nonlinear viscosity, elastic memory, and time dependence, resulting in an instantaneous dynamic response to the detonation shock wave. The impact load causes a sharp increase in the local shear rate, achieving coupling between the non-Newtonian fluid and the borehole wall. Then, most of the stress is dispersed to the overall fiber network through viscoelastic relaxation. The detonation energy no longer propagates along the borehole axis but instead expands towards the surrounding rock, achieving a focusing effect on the detonation shock wave energy and thus blocking the borehole.

[0047] The above embodiments should be understood as being used only to illustrate the present invention more clearly, and not to limit the scope of the present invention. After reading the present invention, any modifications of the present invention by those skilled in the art in various equivalent forms fall within the scope defined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A borehole plugging device, comprising a bag body (1) made of a flexible material; characterized in that, The bag body (1) is provided with an isolation net (4), which divides the inner cavity of the bag body (1) into a first cavity (3) and a second cavity (2) that are distributed and interconnected. The second cavity (2) is provided with powdered filler (5) for constructing non-Newtonian fluids. The bag body (1) is provided with a water injection strip (6) made of flexible material. The water injection strip (6) is provided with a first water outlet (801) connected to the first cavity (3) and a second water outlet (802) connected to the second cavity (2). The top of the bag body (1) is provided with an exhaust port (9), and the exhaust port (9) is provided with a removable plug (10).

2. The borehole plugging device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The amount of powdered filler (5) is 0.5-0.9 times the volume of the second cavity (2).

3. The borehole plugging device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The length of the second cavity (2) is 0.55-0.85 times the length of the inner cavity of the bag body (1).

4. The borehole plugging device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The aperture of the isolation net (4) is 50-100 micrometers.

5. The borehole plugging device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The top of the bag body (1) is provided with a water inlet (7), and a water inlet strip (6) is fixed on the inner wall of the bag body (1). The top of the water inlet strip (6) is connected to the water inlet (7).

6. The borehole plugging device according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, The number of second outlets (802) is at least 2, and they are distributed sequentially along the length of the water injection strip (6).

7. The borehole plugging device according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, The bag body (1) is made of polyethylene.

8. The borehole plugging device according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, The water injection strip (6) is made of polyethylene.

9. The borehole plugging device according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, The material of the isolation net (4) is cotton or polyethylene.

10. The borehole plugging device according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, The thickness of the isolation net (4) is 2-30mm.

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