A displacement measuring device

Abstract

The utility model discloses a displacement measurement device, include: detection branch box, inner limiting slide, the beneficial effect of the utility model is: for the complex environment that possible construction vibration, train wind pressure, temperature violent change etc. may exist in plateau tunnel, this device designs multiple precision guide and rigid connection structure, and the inner limiting slide is accurately positioned and slides in the detection branch box by four no.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of displacement measurement technology, specifically a displacement measurement device. Background Technology

[0002] Tunnel projects constructed and operated in cold regions such as plateaus and high latitudes have long faced the problem of frost heave and thaw settlement caused by seasonal permafrost. In winter, the water or saturated soil and rock behind the tunnel surrounding rock and lining freezes, and the volume expansion generates huge frost heave forces, which may cause the tunnel arch to bulge, the sidewalls to squeeze inward, the lining to crack or even be destroyed. In spring, the permafrost thaws and causes thaw settlement, which may lead to uneven settlement of the invert arch and instability of the track bed, seriously affecting the structural safety of the tunnel and the smoothness of driving. Therefore, long-term and accurate monitoring of frost heave and thaw settlement displacement of key parts of tunnels (such as the arch, sidewalls, and invert) is an indispensable technical means to assess structural health, warn of frost damage risks, and verify the effectiveness of anti-freezing and insulation measures. Currently, in the deformation monitoring of tunnels in plateau seasonally frozen areas, geodetic surveying methods such as total stations and levels are often used, or electronic displacement sensors (such as hydrostatic levels, laser rangefinders, and fiber optic sensors) are installed. However, the internal environment of plateau tunnels is harsh, with drastic temperature changes, strong winds, humidity, electromagnetic interference, and continuous vibrations caused by construction and operation. Electronic sensors are easily affected by low temperatures, leading to drift, failure, or even damage, and their long-term stability and reliability are difficult to guarantee. Optical measurement methods are greatly affected by line of sight, lighting, and water vapor and dust inside the tunnel, making it difficult to achieve fixed-point monitoring. Utility Model Content

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to provide a displacement measuring device to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides the following technical solution: a displacement measuring device, comprising: Test support box; An inner limiting slide plate is slidably disposed inside the detection support box. Four No. 1 fixing rods are slidably disposed inside the inner limiting slide plate, and the No. 1 fixing rods are fixedly connected to the detection support box. The detection support plate is located outside the four No. 1 fixed insert rods, and the inside of the detection support plate is provided with four guide sleeves that cooperate with the No. 1 fixed insert rods; A bottom support plate is symmetrically arranged at the bottom of the inner limiting slide plate, and the bottom support plate is installed between the detection support plate; A top sliding column is fixed to the top of the inner limiting slide plate. The top sliding column is slidably connected to the detection support box. A scale line is provided on the outer side of the top sliding column. A top detection support plate is sleeved on the outside of the top sliding column, and two No. 2 insertion rods are symmetrically installed at the bottom of the top detection support plate.

[0005] As a preferred embodiment of this utility model: a top support screw is provided at the top of the second insertion rod, a fixing through hole that cooperates with the top support screw is opened inside the top detection support plate, two second limit nuts are threaded on the outer side of the top support screw, and an external mounting bracket is installed on the outer side of the second insertion rod.

[0006] As a preferred embodiment of this utility model: multiple external positioning slots are equidistantly provided on the outer side of the second insertion rod, and the external mounting bracket is limited to the external positioning slots.

[0007] As a preferred embodiment of this utility model: a limiting support block is fixedly connected to the top of the top detection support plate, the limiting support block has a limiting installation port that cooperates with the top sliding column, and an indicator block that cooperates with the scale line is fixedly connected to one side of the limiting support block.

[0008] As a preferred embodiment of this utility model: the top of the detection support plate is symmetrically fixed with two mounting seats that cooperate with the bottom support plate. The bottom support plate has symmetrically opened mounting holes inside. The mounting seats are fitted with fixing bolts that cooperate with the mounting holes inside. The outer threads of the fixing bolts are fitted with two No. 1 limit nuts.

[0009] As a preferred embodiment of this utility model: an outer limiting plate is fixedly connected to the outer side of the bottom support plate, and an observation window is provided inside the detection support box.

[0010] Compared with existing technologies, the beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows: Addressing the complex environment of high-altitude tunnels, including potential construction vibrations, train wind pressure, and drastic temperature changes, this device features a multi-layered precision guiding and rigid connection structure. The inner limiting slide plate is precisely positioned and slids within the detection support box by four No. 1 fixed rods. The detection support plate cooperates with it through a guide sleeve, and the bottom connection is reinforced by an outer limiting plate. This effectively filters and resists lateral forces and disturbances from directions other than the measurement direction, ensuring that the device is only sensitive to vertical displacement. This guarantees that the monitoring data accurately and purely reflects the core deformation of the tunnel lining or surrounding rock caused by frost heave or thaw settlement, avoiding misreading due to environmental noise and providing highly reliable basic data for frost damage analysis and safety assessment. The device employs a mechanical direct reading method, with the displacement measured by an indicator block on the top of the graduated line. The relative movement on the sliding column is directly displayed, eliminating the need for complex data acquisition instruments or concerns about the drift or failure of electronic sensors at low temperatures. It is intuitive, reliable, and resistant to electromagnetic interference. All connection points of the device use standardized mechanical fasteners such as bolts and nuts, making installation, debugging, disassembly, and subsequent maintenance very simple. This provides a stable, low-cost, and low-maintenance technical means for conducting periodic, long-term freeze-thaw deformation monitoring in tunnels in plateau seasonally frozen areas for several years or even longer. It can continuously provide key quantitative evidence for assessing structural health, verifying the effectiveness of antifreeze measures, and providing early warning of frost damage risks. Attached Figure Description

[0011] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of this utility model; Figure 2 This is a right view of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a disassembly diagram of the top detection support plate of this utility model; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the testing support box of this utility model.

[0012] In the diagram: 1. Detection support box; 2. Observation window; 3. Inner limit sliding plate; 4. No. 1 fixing rod; 5. Bottom support plate; 6. Outer limit plate; 7. Mounting hole; 8. Mounting seat; 9. Fixing bolt; 10. No. 1 limit nut; 11. Detection support plate; 12. Guide sleeve; 13. Top sliding column; 14. Scale line; 15. Limiting support block; 16. Limiting installation port; 17. Indicator block; 18. Top detection support plate; 19. Top support screw; 20. No. 2 limit nut; 21. Outer positioning groove; 22. Outer mounting support; 23. No. 2 rod. Detailed Implementation

[0013] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0014] Please see Figures 1 to 4 This utility model provides a technical solution: a displacement measuring device, comprising: a detection support box 1; an inner limiting slide plate 3 slidably disposed inside the detection support box 1, with four first-order fixed rods 4 slidably disposed inside the inner limiting slide plate 3, the first-order fixed rods 4 being fixedly connected to the detection support box 1; a detection support plate 11 located outside the four first-order fixed rods 4, with four guide sleeves 12 cooperating with the first-order fixed rods 4 being fixedly connected inside the detection support plate 11; a bottom support plate 5 symmetrically fixedly disposed at the bottom of the inner limiting slide plate 3, the bottom support plate 5 being installed between the detection support plate 11; a top sliding column 13 fixedly disposed at the top of the inner limiting slide plate 3, the top sliding column 13 being slidably connected to the detection support box 1, and a scale line 14 being disposed on the outer side of the top sliding column 13; and a top detection support plate 18 sleeved on the outer side of the top sliding column 13, with two second-order rods 23 symmetrically installed at the bottom of the top detection support plate 18.

[0015] It should be noted that in this embodiment, the device is installed at a selected monitoring section in the tunnel. The detection support plate 11 is firmly fixed by the mounting base 8 and fixing bolts 9. At a reference point with stable structure and minimal impact from frost heave, the outer limiting plate 6 enhances the torsional resistance of this connection, ensuring the reference is stable. The second insertion rod 23 at the bottom of the top detection support plate 18 is adjusted by rotating the top support screw 19 and locking it with the second limiting nut 20 to make its length suitable. The outer mounting bracket 22 is then snapped into the appropriate outer positioning slot 21 of the second insertion rod 23 and aligned with the moving part to be monitored, such as the part where the frost heave is expected to be most pronounced. The obvious arch lining blocks or the surface of the invert arch that may melt and sink are reliably connected. After installation, the device is adjusted so that the indicator block 17 on the limit support block 15 is aligned with the zero mark position of the scale line 14 on the top sliding column 13. The initial state calibration before the start of the freeze-thaw cycle is completed. When the winter freezing period begins, the freezing of water behind the tunnel surrounding rock or lining will generate frost heave force, causing the upper monitoring point to bulge upward relative to the lower reference point. This displacement is transmitted to the top detection support plate 18 through the external installation support 22 and the second insertion rod 23. During the spring thawing period, the melting of ice will cause melting and sinking, which will cause the upper monitoring point to sink downward. This displacement is also transmitted through the aforementioned components. Since the top detection support plate 18 is fitted onto the top sliding column 13, which is fixed to the lower component, through the limiting support block 15, the displacement of the upper monitoring point forces the top detection support plate 18, carrying the indicator block 17, to make a precise vertical slide along the top sliding column 13. The entire displacement transmission chain is subject to multiple precise guiding constraints, and the absolute stability of the lower reference point is crucial. The inner limiting slide plate 3 slides within the detection support box 1 and is precisely positioned by four No. 1 fixed insert rods 4, ensuring the straightness of the force transmission path. The detection support plate 11 further eliminates any possibility of lateral swaying through the sliding cooperation between its guide sleeve 12 and the No. 1 fixed insert rod 4. This design can effectively resist environmental interference such as vibration and wind speed disturbance that may exist in the plateau tunnel, ensuring that only vertical frost heave / thaw settlement displacement is purely detected. The relative displacement caused by frost heave or thaw settlement is ultimately expressed as the offset distance of the indicator block 17 relative to the scale line 14 on the top sliding column 13. Frost heave monitoring: if the indicator block moves in the direction of increasing scale value, the reading is the frost heave displacement; thaw settlement monitoring: if the indicator block moves in the direction of decreasing scale value, the reading is the thaw settlement displacement. By periodically recording this reading and comparing it with ambient temperature data, the actual deformation of frost heave / thaw settlement can be quantified, the deformation development law over time can be analyzed, and the severity of frost damage can be assessed. This provides direct and reliable mechanical data support for judging structural safety, early warning of frost damage risks, and verification of the effectiveness of anti-freezing and insulation projects. The device has a robust structure, requires no power supply, and is particularly suitable for long-term stable operation in tunnel environments with severe cold and inconvenient power supply.

[0016] In one embodiment, such as Figures 1 to 4As shown, a top support screw 19 is fixedly connected to the top of the second insertion rod 23. The top detection support plate 18 has a fixed through hole that mates with the top support screw 19. Two second limit nuts 20 are threaded on the outer side of the top support screw 19. An external mounting bracket 22 is installed on the outer side of the second insertion rod 23.

[0017] It should be noted that in this embodiment, the stability of the installation is improved by passing the top support screw 19 through the top detection support plate 18 and locking it with the upper and lower limit nuts 20.

[0018] In one embodiment, such as Figures 1 to 4 As shown, multiple external positioning slots 21 are equidistantly provided on the outer side of the second insertion rod 23, and the external mounting bracket 22 is installed with a limiting position between it and the external positioning slots 21.

[0019] It should be noted that in this embodiment, the outer positioning slot 21 provides multiple locking positions for the outer mounting bracket 22. This allows the bracket to be quickly installed at different heights of the insertion rod according to measurement needs. The mechanical limiting effect of the slot effectively prevents the bracket from sliding or rotating along the axis of the insertion rod during use, ensuring the installation rigidity and positioning reliability of the measuring point accessory.

[0020] In one embodiment, such as Figures 1 to 4 As shown, a limiting block 15 is fixedly connected to the top of the top detection support plate 18. The limiting block 15 has a limiting installation port 16 that cooperates with the top sliding column 13. An indicator block 17 that cooperates with the scale line 14 is fixedly connected to one side of the limiting block 15.

[0021] It should be noted that, in this embodiment, the limiting support block 15 is precisely fitted onto the outside of the top sliding column 13 through the limiting installation port 16, providing auxiliary guidance for the movement of the entire top detection support plate 18 assembly on the sliding column.

[0022] In one embodiment, such as Figures 1 to 4 As shown, the top of the detection support plate 11 is symmetrically fixed with two mounting seats 8 that cooperate with the bottom support plate 5. The bottom support plate 5 has symmetrically opened mounting holes 7. The mounting seats 8 are fitted with fixing bolts 9 that cooperate with the mounting holes 7. Two No. 1 limit nuts 10 are installed on the outer threads of the fixing bolts 9.

[0023] It should be noted that in this embodiment, by passing the fixing bolt 9 through the mounting hole 7 of the mounting base 8 and the bottom support plate 5, and locking it with the first limit nut 10, the detection support plate 11 can be firmly connected to the bottom support plate 5 at the bottom of the sliding inner limit slide plate 3.

[0024] In one embodiment, such as Figures 1 to 4As shown, an outer limiting plate 6 is fixed to the outer side of the bottom support plate 5, and an observation window 2 is provided inside the detection support box 1.

[0025] It should be noted that in this embodiment, the outer limiting plate 6 is fixed to the outside of the bottom support plate 5, which restricts the installation position and improves the stability after installation.

[0026] In the description of this utility model, it should be understood that the terms "coaxial", "bottom", "one end", "top", "middle", "other end", "upper", "side", "top", "inner", "front", "center", "both ends", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this utility model and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this utility model.

[0027] Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," "third," and "fourth" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first," "second," "third," or "fourth" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of those features.

[0028] In this utility model, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation", "setting", "connection", "fixing", "screw connection", etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal connection of two components or the interaction between two components. Unless otherwise explicitly limited, those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this utility model according to the specific circumstances.

[0029] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A displacement measuring device, characterized in that, include: Test support box (1); The inner limiting slide plate (3) is slidably disposed inside the detection support box (1). Four first fixing rods (4) are slidably disposed inside the inner limiting slide plate (3). The first fixing rods (4) are fixedly connected to the detection support box (1). The detection support plate (11) is located outside the four first fixed plug rods (4). The detection support plate (11) is provided with four guide sleeves (12) that cooperate with the first fixed plug rods (4). Bottom support plate (5) is symmetrically arranged at the bottom of the inner limiting slide plate (3), and the bottom support plate (5) is installed between the detection support plate (11); The top sliding column (13) is fixed to the top of the inner limiting slide plate (3). The top sliding column (13) is slidably connected to the detection support box (1). The outer side of the top sliding column (13) is provided with scale lines (14). The top detection support plate (18) is sleeved on the outside of the top sliding column (13), and two No. 2 insert rods (23) are symmetrically installed at the bottom of the top detection support plate (18).

2. The displacement measuring device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top of the second insertion rod (23) is provided with a top support screw (19). The top detection support plate (18) has a fixed through hole that cooperates with the top support screw (19). Two second limit nuts (20) are threaded on the outside of the top support screw (19). An external mounting bracket (22) is installed on the outside of the second insertion rod (23).

3. The displacement measuring device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The outer side of the second insertion rod (23) is provided with multiple external positioning slots (21) at equal intervals, and the external mounting bracket (22) is installed with the external positioning slots (21) for limiting.

4. The displacement measuring device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top of the top detection support plate (18) is fixedly connected to a limiting support block (15), and the limiting support block (15) has a limiting installation port (16) that cooperates with the top sliding column (13) inside. The limiting support block (15) has an indicator block (17) that cooperates with the scale line (14) fixedly connected to one side.

5. The displacement measuring device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top of the detection support plate (11) is symmetrically fixed with two mounting seats (8) that cooperate with the bottom support plate (5). The bottom support plate (5) has symmetrically opened mounting holes (7). The mounting seats (8) are fitted with fixing bolts (9) that cooperate with the mounting holes (7). The outer threads of the fixing bolts (9) are fitted with two No. 1 limit nuts (10).

6. The displacement measuring device according to claim 1, characterized in that: An outer limiting plate (6) is fixed to the outside of the bottom support plate (5), and an observation window (2) is provided inside the detection support box (1).

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