Detection tool for back door

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of tooling, and discloses a detection tool for a back door, which comprises a tooling main body, a profiling detection piece and multiple positioning assemblies; the profiling detection piece is arranged on the tooling main body and is matched with the shape of a tailgate spoiler; the multiple positioning assemblies are arranged on the tooling main body; wherein the multiple positioning assemblies comprise a first positioning assembly and a second positioning assembly, the first positioning assembly is in abutment with the outer surface of the back door, and the second positioning assembly is in plug-in fit with a positioning hole of the back door. The detection tool according to the application improves the detection convenience of the installation precision of the back door.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of tooling technology, and in particular to a testing tooling for rear doors. Background Technology

[0002] During automobile manufacturing, due to fluctuations in the dimensions of both the body-in-white and the tailgate, there are errors when installing the tailgate. In order to meet the matching size requirements between the tailgate and the body-in-white, the position of the tailgate hinge needs to be adjusted. Since the spoiler has not yet been installed when adjusting the tailgate, it is not possible to visually inspect the gap surface difference between the tailgate and the body.

[0003] In related technologies, manual inspection is carried out on a hundred-fold basis, and rear doors that do not meet the matching requirements are visually adjusted. However, since the matching relationship between the rear door and the vehicle body cannot be directly observed, the workload of on-site personnel is increased and the efficiency is reduced. Therefore, how to improve the convenience of inspection of rear door installation accuracy is a technical problem that urgently needs to be solved. Utility Model Content

[0004] This application provides a testing fixture for tailgates, which improves the convenience of testing tailgate installation accuracy.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the main technical solutions adopted in this application include:

[0006] In a first aspect, embodiments of this application provide a testing fixture for a tailgate, including a fixture body, a contouring detection component, and multiple positioning components; the contouring detection component is disposed on the fixture body, and the shape of the contouring detection component matches that of the tailgate spoiler; multiple positioning components are disposed on the fixture body; wherein, the multiple positioning components include a first positioning component and a second positioning component, the first positioning component abuts against the outer surface of the tailgate, and the second positioning component is inserted into the positioning hole of the tailgate.

[0007] According to the first aspect of the present application, the inspection fixture for the tailgate provides that the abutment of the first positioning component with the outer surface of the tailgate restricts the lateral displacement of the fixture body within the tailgate, while the insertion and engagement of the second positioning component with the positioning hole of the tailgate restricts the displacement of the fixture body in the front-rear direction. This significantly improves the alignment accuracy between the fixture body and the tailgate, reduces the probability of fixture body displacement during inspection, and simplifies the alignment operation, further enhancing the convenience and reliability of tailgate installation accuracy inspection. The fixture has a simple structure, low manufacturing cost, and can be widely adopted by on-site workers. Furthermore, the assembly accuracy of the tailgate can be determined by detecting the gap between the contoured inspection component and the side panel, eliminating the need for complex data acquisition and analysis using additional measuring tools, thus improving the convenience of tailgate installation accuracy inspection.

[0008] Optionally, the first positioning component includes a first sub-positioning component and a second sub-positioning component, both of which abut against the outer surface of the tailgate. Along the front-rear direction of the vehicle, the first sub-positioning component and the second sub-positioning component are located on both sides of the tooling body.

[0009] In the above scheme, sub-positioning components are set on both sides of the main tooling body along the front and rear direction of the vehicle. This can prevent the main tooling body from tilting forward or backward or shifting laterally, thereby ensuring the positioning accuracy of the main tooling body, reducing subsequent detection errors caused by posture deviation, reducing the probability of the main tooling body shifting or shaking due to external forces during the detection process, ensuring that the comparison benchmark of the contour detection component is always stable, further ensuring the reliability of the rear door installation accuracy detection results, and adapting to the external surface positioning requirements of rear doors of different sizes, thus improving the versatility of the tooling.

[0010] Optionally, there are two first sub-positioning components, which are spaced apart along the left and right directions of the vehicle; and there are two second sub-positioning components, which are spaced apart along the left and right directions of the vehicle.

[0011] In the above scheme, two first sub-positioning parts abut against the front end of the tailgate along the left and right intervals, and two second sub-positioning parts abut against the rear end along the left and right intervals. This can form symmetrical support in the lateral dimension of the tailgate, avoid the main body of the tooling from tilting to the left or right or shifting laterally, reduce the probability of the main body of the tooling being too high on the left and too low on the right, and reduce the misjudgment of the gap between the contour detection part and the side wall caused by lateral misalignment.

[0012] Optionally, the testing fixture also includes a first mounting ring and a second mounting ring, a first sub-positioning component is mounted on the first mounting ring, the first mounting ring is detachably fitted onto the fixture body, the second sub-positioning component is mounted on the second mounting ring, and the second mounting ring is detachably fitted onto the fixture body.

[0013] In the above solution, the detachable first and second mounting rings allow the positions of the first and second sub-positioning components to be flexibly adjusted along the main body of the tooling without replacing the entire main body of the tooling. Simply sliding or removing the mounting rings can adjust the front and rear positions of the sub-positioning components on the main body of the tooling, so that the corresponding sub-positioning components can be accurately aligned with the outer surface contact reference of different tailgates, greatly improving the adaptability of the tooling to the inspection of tailgates of multiple vehicle models.

[0014] Optionally, the second positioning component includes a third sub-positioning component and a fourth sub-positioning component, both of which are inserted into the positioning holes of the tailgate. Along the front-rear direction of the vehicle, the third sub-positioning component and the fourth sub-positioning component are located on one side of the tooling body.

[0015] In the above scheme, the third and fourth sub-positioning components are distributed along the front-rear direction and are located on the same side of the tooling body. They can be inserted into the positioning holes at the corresponding positions of the tailgate, which can strictly limit the displacement of the tooling body along the front-rear direction of the vehicle, prevent the tooling body from sliding back and forth due to touch during the detection operation or slight vibration, and ensure that the longitudinal position of the tooling body on this side is always fixed, providing a rigid reference for overall positioning.

[0016] Optionally, the third sub-positioning component is installed on the first mounting ring, and the testing fixture also includes a third mounting ring. The fourth sub-positioning component is installed on the third mounting ring, and the third mounting ring is detachably fitted onto the fixture body.

[0017] In the above scheme, the third sub-positioning component shares the first mounting ring with the first sub-positioning component, which can ensure the stability of the relative position of the third sub-positioning component and the first sub-positioning component on the tooling body. This avoids positional deviations caused by independent installation, thereby ensuring the alignment accuracy of the third sub-positioning component with the corresponding positioning hole of the tailgate. The fourth sub-positioning component is detachably sleeved on the tooling body through an independent third mounting ring, and its front and rear positions on the tooling body can be flexibly adjusted. This improves the adaptability to the front and rear spacing differences of the tailgate positioning holes of different vehicle models. There is no need to replace the tooling body, which greatly improves the adaptability of the tooling to the tailgate positioning holes of multiple vehicle models and reduces the manufacturing cost of special tooling.

[0018] Optionally, there are two third sub-positioning components, which are spaced apart along the left and right direction of the vehicle, and a fourth sub-positioning component is located between the two third sub-positioning components.

[0019] The above solution provides a more stable and precise longitudinal positioning support for the main body of the tooling, which greatly improves the reliability of its docking with the positioning hole of the rear door. On the one hand, the two third sub-positioning parts are inserted at intervals in the left and right directions, which can limit the left and right displacement of the main body of the tooling and prevent the tooling from deviating to the left or right due to the insertion deviation. At the same time, the fourth sub-positioning part in the middle forms a triangular support structure with the two, which can effectively prevent the main body of the tooling from twisting or tilting around the front and rear directions of the vehicle, ensuring that the reference surface of the contour detection part on the main body of the tooling is always aligned with the side wall, and reducing the gap detection error caused by the distortion of the tooling posture.

[0020] Optionally, the positioning component also includes a third positioning component that abuts against the outer surface of the vehicle roof.

[0021] In the above scheme, the third positioning component uses the vehicle roof as the positioning reference. The vehicle roof is a fixed structure of the vehicle body, with high installation accuracy and stable position. It is not affected by the installation deviation of the tailgate and can provide an independent positioning reference for the tooling body. This helps to avoid tooling positioning deviation caused by the tilt or offset of the tailgate itself during installation, and further improves the positioning accuracy of the tooling body.

[0022] Optionally, the contouring detection component includes a contouring plate with a detection edge that simulates the profile of a tailgate spoiler. Along the longitudinal direction of the vehicle, the detection edge is positioned opposite to the rear side of the vehicle's side panel.

[0023] In the above solution, the detection edge simulates the profile of the tailgate spoiler, which can directly replace the actual spoiler as a detection benchmark, enabling auxiliary detection of the tailgate and improving the convenience of judging the relative position of the tailgate and the side of the vehicle. Specifically, the detection edge with the simulated profile can achieve full contour comparison. Operators only need to observe the fit between the detection edge and the rear side of the side panel, such as whether there are excessively wide gaps, edge misalignment, or non-fitting profiles, to quickly determine whether the overall installation of the tailgate is flat and conforms to the profile benchmark. This eliminates the need to measure multiple individual points one by one, greatly simplifying the inspection process.

[0024] Optionally, there are two contouring test pieces, arranged on both sides of the tooling body along the left and right direction of the vehicle.

[0025] In the above solution, the two contoured inspection parts correspond to the tailgate spoiler and the body side panel mating area on the left and right sides of the tailgate, respectively. They can be inspected from both sides of the tailgate at the same time, which helps to reduce inspection deviation and reduce the occurrence of the left spoiler and side panel gap being qualified, but the right side gap being too large or too small due to tailgate offset. This achieves synchronous inspection of the installation accuracy of the left and right sides of the tailgate, ensuring comprehensive inspection coverage, eliminating the need to repeatedly move the tooling to inspect one side, and significantly shortening the time of a single inspection. Attached Figure Description

[0026] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the specific embodiments of this application or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the specific embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without creative effort.

[0027] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of some embodiments of this application;

[0028] Figure 2 This is a bottom view structural diagram of some other embodiments of this application;

[0029] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of some other embodiments of this application.

[0030] [Explanation of Labels in the Attached Image]

[0031] 100. Tooling body;

[0032] 200. Contouring inspection piece; 210. Contouring plate; 211. Inspection edge;

[0033] 300. Positioning components;

[0034] 310. First positioning component; 311. First sub-positioning component; 312. Second sub-positioning component;

[0035] 320. Second positioning component; 321. Third sub-positioning component; 322. Fourth sub-positioning component;

[0036] 330. Third positioning component;

[0037] 410. First mounting ring; 420. Second mounting ring; 430. Third mounting ring;

[0038] X represents the left-right direction; Y represents the front-back direction. Detailed Implementation

[0039] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this application clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0040] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used in this application have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application pertains; the terminology used in the description of this application is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the application; the terms "comprising" and "having," and any variations thereof, in the description, claims, and accompanying drawings of this application are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion. The terms "first," "second," etc., in the description, claims, or accompanying drawings of this application are used to distinguish different objects, not to describe a specific order or hierarchy.

[0041] In this application, the reference to "embodiment" means that a specific feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with an embodiment may be included in at least one embodiment of this application. The appearance of this phrase in various places throughout the specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor is it a mutually exclusive, independent, or alternative embodiment. It will be explicitly and implicitly understood by those skilled in the art that the embodiments described in this application can be combined with other embodiments.

[0042] In the description of this application, it should be noted that, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "linking," and "attachment" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal communication between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application according to the specific circumstances.

[0043] In this application, the term "and / or" is merely a description of the relationship between related objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, A and / or B can represent: A existing alone, A and B existing simultaneously, or B existing alone. Additionally, in this application, the character " / " generally indicates that the preceding and following related objects have an "or" relationship.

[0044] In this application, "multiple" refers to two or more (including two), and similarly, "multiple groups" refers to two or more (including two), and "multiple pieces" refers to two or more (including two).

[0045] During automobile manufacturing, due to fluctuations in the dimensions of both the body-in-white and the tailgate, there are errors when installing the tailgate. In order to meet the matching size requirements between the tailgate and the body-in-white, the position of the tailgate hinge needs to be adjusted. Since the spoiler has not yet been installed when adjusting the tailgate, it is not possible to visually inspect the gap surface difference between the tailgate and the body.

[0046] In related technologies, due to fluctuations in part dimensions and human assembly errors, the first-time assembly pass rate is less than 50%. Manual inspection is required, and rear doors that do not meet the matching requirements are visually adjusted. However, since the matching relationship between the rear door and the vehicle body cannot be directly observed, there is no reference benchmark when adjusting the rear door. This leads to an increased workload and reduced efficiency for on-site personnel. Therefore, how to improve the convenience of inspection for rear door installation accuracy is a technical problem that urgently needs to be solved.

[0047] Therefore, to improve the convenience of testing the installation accuracy of the tailgate, this application proposes a testing fixture for the tailgate. The contour-following testing component 200 matches the shape of the tailgate spoiler. Multiple positioning components 300 are disposed on the fixture body 100. Each positioning component 300 includes a first positioning component 310 and a second positioning component 320. The first positioning component 310 abuts against the outer surface of the tailgate, and the second positioning component 320 is inserted into the positioning hole of the tailgate. This configuration allows the assembly accuracy of the tailgate to be determined by detecting the gap between the contour-following testing component 200 and the side panel. The contact of the outer surface of the tailgate restricts the lateral displacement of the tooling body 100 within the tailgate. The insertion and engagement of the second positioning component 320 with the tailgate positioning hole locks the position of the tooling body in the front-rear direction of the tailgate, forming a multi-dimensional positioning constraint. This significantly reduces the time spent repeatedly adjusting the tooling position and greatly improves the convenience of inspection. At the same time, the shape matching design of the contour detection component 200 and the tailgate spoiler allows for direct observation of whether there are local warping or uneven gaps between the contour detection component 200 and the side panel of the vehicle body. This facilitates a direct and intuitive judgment of the tailgate's installation accuracy and improves the convenience of inspecting the tailgate's installation accuracy.

[0048] The following description, with reference to the accompanying drawings, describes the inspection fixture for the rear door proposed in the embodiments of this application.

[0049] like Figures 1-3 As shown, a testing fixture for a rear door according to a first aspect embodiment of this application includes a fixture body 100, a contour detection component 200, and a plurality of positioning components 300.

[0050] The contour detection component 200 is set on the tooling body 100, and the shape of the contour detection component 200 matches that of the tailgate spoiler. It can be understood that the contour detection component 200 can simulate the tailgate spoiler, so as to facilitate the judgment of whether the tailgate installation meets the requirements based on the distance between the contour detection component 200 and the side wall of the vehicle body.

[0051] Specifically, it is only necessary to observe the fit between the contour detection part 200 and the side panel of the vehicle body, such as whether there are local gaps, edge misalignment, surface protrusions, etc. At the same time, the relative position of the contour detection part 200 and the side panel of the vehicle body is fixed, so that the installation accuracy of the tailgate can be quickly determined.

[0052] Multiple positioning components 300 are disposed on the tooling body 100; it can be understood that the multiple positioning components 300 can each play a positioning role to ensure that the tooling body 100 is installed in the correct position on the rear door.

[0053] The multiple positioning components 300 include a first positioning component 310 and a second positioning component 320. The first positioning component 310 abuts against the outer surface of the rear door, and the second positioning component 320 is inserted into the positioning hole of the rear door.

[0054] In the above scheme, the first positioning component 310 abuts against the outer surface of the rear door, which can restrict the lateral displacement and surface fit of the tooling body 100 on the rear door from the outside of the rear door, and prevent the tooling body 100 from tilting or shifting. At the same time, the abutment can ensure that the relative position of the tooling body 100 and the rear door is accurate and stable, which helps to improve the detection accuracy.

[0055] Meanwhile, the insertion and engagement of the second positioning component 320 with the positioning hole of the rear door can lock the position of the tooling body in the front-rear direction of the rear door. With the help of the positioning hole of the rear door itself, the tooling body 100 can be quickly positioned without the need to find additional positioning points, thus reducing the alignment and adjustment time.

[0056] This design significantly improves the alignment accuracy between the fixture body 100 and the rear door, reduces the probability of the fixture body 100 shifting during the inspection process, and simplifies the alignment operation. It further enhances the convenience and reliability of rear door installation accuracy inspection. The structure is simple, the manufacturing cost is low, and it can be widely adopted by on-site workers.

[0057] Specifically, the first positioning component 310 can be constructed as a positioning block, which abuts against the outer surface of the tailgate through surface-to-surface contact, thereby improving the alignment accuracy between the tooling body 100 and the tailgate and reducing the probability of the tooling body 100 shifting during the testing process. The second positioning component 320 can be constructed as a positioning pin, which can be inserted into the mounting hole of the tailgate, thereby improving the connection firmness between the tooling body 100 and the tailgate.

[0058] In other embodiments, please refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2 The first positioning component 310 includes a first sub-positioning component 311 and a second sub-positioning component 312. Both the first sub-positioning component 311 and the second sub-positioning component 312 abut against the outer surface of the tailgate. Along the front-rear direction Y of the vehicle, the first sub-positioning component 311 and the second sub-positioning component 312 are located on both sides of the tooling body 100.

[0059] In the above scheme, sub-positioning components are set on both sides of the tooling body 100 along the front-rear direction Y of the vehicle, which can prevent the tooling body 100 from tilting forward or backward or shifting laterally, thereby ensuring the positioning accuracy of the tooling body 100 and reducing subsequent detection errors caused by posture deviation.

[0060] With this design, even if there are slight unevennesses on the outer surface of the rear door, such as slight bulges or depressions, the mating of the two side sub-positioning parts can allow the fixture body 100 to automatically align to the appropriate testing position, eliminating the need for repeated manual adjustments to the fixture body 100 or the rear door position, thus significantly shortening the testing preparation time.

[0061] In addition, it can reduce the probability of the fixture body 100 shifting and shaking due to external forces during the testing process, ensure that the comparison benchmark of the contour test piece 200 remains stable, further guarantee the reliability of the rear door installation accuracy test results, and adapt to the external surface positioning requirements of rear doors of different sizes, thereby improving the versatility of the fixture.

[0062] Specifically, the first sub-positioning component 311 and the second sub-positioning component 312 can both be constructed as positioning blocks and abut against different positions on the rear door, thereby improving the positioning accuracy and stability of the tooling body 100 along the front-rear direction Y of the vehicle.

[0063] In other embodiments, please refer to Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3 There are two first sub-positioning components 311, which are arranged at intervals along the left-right direction X of the vehicle. There are also two second sub-positioning components 312, which are arranged at intervals along the left-right direction X of the vehicle.

[0064] In the above scheme, two first sub-positioning parts 311 abut against the front end of the rear door at a left-right interval, and two second sub-positioning parts 312 abut against the rear end at a left-right interval. This can form symmetrical support in the lateral dimension of the rear door, avoid the tooling body 100 from tilting left or right or shifting laterally, reduce the probability of the tooling body 100 having an installation deviation of being too high on the left and too low on the right, and reduce the misjudgment of the gap between the contour detection part 200 and the side wall caused by lateral misalignment.

[0065] Specifically, when the tooling body 100 abuts against the rear door through the first sub-positioning component 311 and the second sub-positioning component 312, it can ensure that the tooling body 100 and the rear door maintain a parallel posture, prevent the tooling from tilting forward and backward (such as the front end being high and the rear end being low) or warping locally, and avoid the distortion of the gap measurement between the contour detection component 200 and the side panel due to the positioning deviation of the tooling body 100.

[0066] Meanwhile, this layout can be adapted to tailgates of different widths. There is no need to replace the sub-positioning components. By simply adjusting the left and right spacing or selecting sub-positioning components with corresponding spacing, the main body of the tooling can be stably positioned on the tailgates of different car models such as sedans and SUVs, thus improving the versatility of the tooling.

[0067] Finally, the rigid constraints of the four positioning points can greatly improve the anti-interference capability of the tooling body 100 after positioning. If it is slightly touched or vibrated during the testing process, the left and right spaced sub-positioning parts can jointly resist the external force to prevent the tooling body 100 from shifting and always maintain a stable relative position with the back door.

[0068] In other embodiments, please refer to Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3 The testing fixture also includes a first mounting ring 410 and a second mounting ring 420. A first sub-positioning component 311 is mounted on the first mounting ring 410. The first mounting ring 410 is detachably fitted onto the fixture body 100. A second sub-positioning component 312 is mounted on the second mounting ring 420. The second mounting ring 420 is detachably fitted onto the fixture body 100.

[0069] In the above solution, the detachable first mounting ring 410 and second mounting ring 420 allow the positions of the first sub-positioning component 311 and the second sub-positioning component 312 to be flexibly adjusted along the tooling body 100. For the size differences of the tailgate of different car models, such as different Y lengths in the front-to-back direction and different positions of the outer surface positioning points, it is not necessary to replace the entire tooling body 100. Simply slide or remove the mounting rings to adjust the front-to-back position of the sub-positioning component on the tooling body 100, so that the corresponding sub-positioning component can be accurately aligned with the outer surface abutment reference of different tailgates. This greatly improves the adaptability of the tooling to the inspection of tailgates of multiple car models and reduces the manufacturing cost of special tooling.

[0070] On the other hand, the first sub-positioning component 311 and the second sub-positioning component 312 are indirectly installed on the tooling body 100 through corresponding mounting rings. When the first sub-positioning component 311 and the second sub-positioning component 312 are worn or deformed due to long-term contact, such as when the surface of the positioning block is bumped or the flatness decreases, the corresponding mounting rings can be directly removed to replace the first sub-positioning component 311 and the second sub-positioning component 312. There is no need to perform destructive operations such as cutting or welding on the tooling body 100. This simplifies the maintenance process, shortens the maintenance time, protects the structural integrity of the tooling body 100, and extends the overall service life of the tooling.

[0071] Furthermore, the fitting of the first mounting ring 410 and the second mounting ring 420 with the tooling body 100 can also achieve fine-tuning of positioning accuracy. After the first mounting ring 410 and the second mounting ring 420 are fitted, a small range of position calibration can be performed by slight rotation or translation to ensure the positioning accuracy of the first sub-positioning component 311 and the second sub-positioning component 312, reduce the probability of positional deviation of the first sub-positioning component 311 and the second sub-positioning component 312, reduce detection errors caused by positioning deviation, and provide a stable guarantee for the accurate detection of the installation accuracy of the rear door.

[0072] In other embodiments, please refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2 The second positioning component 320 includes a third sub-positioning component 321 and a fourth sub-positioning component 322. Both the third sub-positioning component 321 and the fourth sub-positioning component 322 are inserted into the positioning holes of the tailgate. Along the front-rear direction Y of the vehicle, the third sub-positioning component 321 and the fourth sub-positioning component 322 are located on one side of the tooling body 100.

[0073] Specifically, the third sub-positioning component 321 and the fourth sub-positioning component 322 are distributed along the front-rear direction Y and are located on the same side of the tooling body 100. They can be inserted into the positioning holes at the corresponding positions of the tailgate, which can strictly limit the displacement of the tooling body 100 along the front-rear direction Y of the vehicle, prevent the tooling body 100 from sliding back and forth due to touch during the detection operation or slight vibration, and ensure that the longitudinal position of the tooling body 100 on this side is always fixed, providing a rigid reference for overall positioning.

[0074] On the other hand, the insertion and engagement of the two points on one side can prevent the tooling body 100 from flipping or tilting around the vehicle in the left and right direction X, which helps to maintain the stability of the tooling body 100 and the rear door, thereby ensuring the stability of the reference surface of the contour detection part 200 on the tooling body 100 and reducing the gap detection error caused by the tooling posture deviation.

[0075] In addition, the single-sided layout simplifies tooling installation. Operators only need to align the two positioning holes on the same side of the rear door and insert the corresponding sub-positioning parts, without the need for cross-side alignment, reducing operational space limitations and shortening tooling positioning time.

[0076] In other embodiments, please refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2 The third sub-positioning component 321 is installed on the first mounting ring 410. The testing fixture also includes a third mounting ring 430. The fourth sub-positioning component 322 is installed on the third mounting ring 430. The third mounting ring 430 is detachably fitted onto the fixture body 100.

[0077] In the above scheme, the third sub-positioning component 321 and the first sub-positioning component 311 share the first mounting ring 410, which can ensure the relative position of the third sub-positioning component 321 and the first sub-positioning component 311 on the tooling body 100 is stable. The third sub-positioning component 321 and the first sub-positioning component 311 are based on the same mounting ring reference, which can avoid positional deviation caused by their independent installation, thereby ensuring the alignment accuracy of the third sub-positioning component 321 and the corresponding positioning hole of the rear door.

[0078] The fourth sub-positioning component 322 is detachably mounted on the tooling body 100 via an independent third mounting ring 430. Its front and rear positions on the tooling body 100 can be flexibly adjusted, improving the adaptability to the differences in the front and rear spacing of the tailgate positioning holes of different vehicle models. Without replacing the tooling body 100, the position of the fourth sub-positioning component 322 can be finely adjusted by simply sliding or removing the third mounting ring 430, so that it is precisely aligned with another positioning hole of the tailgate. This greatly improves the adaptability of the tooling to the tailgate positioning holes of multiple vehicle models and reduces the manufacturing cost of the special tooling.

[0079] In other embodiments, please refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2 There are two third sub-positioning components 321, which are spaced apart along the left-right direction X of the vehicle. The fourth sub-positioning component 322 is located between the two third sub-positioning components 321. Specifically, both the third sub-positioning component 321 and the fourth sub-positioning component 322 are constructed as positioning pins.

[0080] This design provides a more stable and precise longitudinal positioning support for the tooling body 100, significantly improving its docking reliability with the tailgate positioning hole. On the one hand, the two third sub-positioning parts 321 are inserted at intervals along the left and right X direction, which can limit the left and right displacement of the tooling body 100 and prevent the tooling from deviating to the left or right due to insertion deviation. At the same time, the fourth sub-positioning part 322 in the middle forms a triangular support structure with the two, which can effectively prevent the tooling body 100 from twisting or tilting around the front and rear Y direction of the vehicle. For example, it can prevent the tooling body 100 from being misaligned on the left side forward and the right side backward, ensuring that the reference surface of the contour detection part 200 on the tooling body 100 is always aligned with the side wall, reducing the gap detection error caused by tooling posture distortion.

[0081] On the other hand, this layout can adapt to the common distribution of tailgate positioning holes. Most car models have positioning holes distributed on the left and right at the same longitudinal position on the tailgate for lateral reference positioning, with auxiliary positioning holes in the middle. The two third sub-positioning parts 321 and the middle fourth sub-positioning part 322 can accurately match this type of hole layout. The positioning holes of different car models can be connected without adjusting the tooling structure, thus improving the tooling versatility.

[0082] In other embodiments, please refer to Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3 The positioning component 300 also includes a third positioning component 330, which abuts against the outer surface of the vehicle roof. Specifically, the third positioning component 330 can be configured as a positioning plate that extends along the front-rear direction Y of the vehicle and abuts against the outer surface of the vehicle roof through surface-to-surface contact.

[0083] In the above scheme, the third positioning component 330 uses the vehicle roof as the positioning reference. The vehicle roof is a fixed structure of the vehicle body. Its installation accuracy is high and its position is stable. It is not affected by the installation deviation of the tailgate. It can provide an independent positioning reference for the tooling body 100, which helps to avoid tooling positioning deviation caused by the tilt or offset of the tailgate itself, and further improves the positioning accuracy of the tooling body 100.

[0084] On the other hand, the positioning plate extends along the front-rear direction Y and abuts against the top cover through surface contact. Compared with point contact or line contact, it greatly increases the contact area between the tooling body 100 and the vehicle body, which can effectively disperse the abutment pressure, limit the displacement or warping of the tooling body 100 along the front-rear direction Y, further improve the stability of the tooling body 100 after positioning, and reduce displacement caused by external force contact or vibration during the testing process.

[0085] In other embodiments, please refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2 The contour detection component 200 includes a contour plate 210, on which a detection edge 211 is provided to simulate the profile of the tailgate spoiler. Along the front-rear direction Y of the vehicle, the detection edge 211 is positioned opposite to the rear side of the vehicle's side panel.

[0086] Understandably, the surface profile of the simulated tailgate spoiler on the detection edge 211 can directly replace the actual spoiler as a detection benchmark, enabling auxiliary detection of the tailgate and improving the convenience of judging the relative position of the tailgate and the side of the vehicle.

[0087] Specifically, operators only need to observe the fit between the inspection edge 211 and the rear side of the side panel, such as whether there are excessively wide gaps, misaligned edges, or misfitting surfaces, to quickly determine whether the overall installation of the rear door is flat and conforms to the surface reference. This eliminates the need to measure multiple individual points one by one, greatly simplifying the inspection process.

[0088] In other embodiments, please refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2 There are two contour detection parts 200, which are respectively set on both sides of the tooling body 100 along the left-right direction X of the vehicle.

[0089] In the above scheme, the two contoured testing parts 200 correspond to the tailgate spoiler and the body side panel mating area on the left and right sides of the tailgate, respectively. They can be tested from both sides of the tailgate at the same time, which helps to reduce testing deviations and reduce the occurrence of the left spoiler and side panel having a qualified gap, but the right side having an excessively large or small gap due to the tailgate offset. This achieves synchronous testing of the installation accuracy of the left and right sides of the tailgate, ensuring comprehensive testing coverage. It eliminates the need to repeatedly move the tooling to test one side, greatly shortening the time required for a single test.

[0090] On the other hand, the left-right symmetry setting can directly help determine the left-right symmetry of the tailgate installation. The tailgate assembly of the vehicle must meet the symmetrical consistency of the gaps between the left and right sides and the side panels. By comparing the gap status between the two contour test pieces 200 and the corresponding side panels to see if one side fits and the other side has uneven gaps, it is possible to quickly identify whether there are asymmetry problems such as left-right offset or tilt of the tailgate. Compared with the indirect calculation of symmetry after testing one side, it is more intuitive and accurate, and reduces appearance defects or sealing performance problems caused by symmetry deviations.

[0091] It should also be noted that the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes said element.

[0092] The various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner. Similar or identical parts between embodiments can be referred to interchangeably. Each embodiment focuses on describing the differences from other embodiments. In particular, the system embodiments are basically similar to the method embodiments, so the description is relatively simple; relevant parts can be referred to the descriptions in the method embodiments.

[0093] The above description is merely an embodiment of this application and is not intended to limit the scope of this application. Various modifications and variations can be made to this application by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of this application should be included within the scope of the claims of this application.

[0094] Although embodiments of this application have been described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, those skilled in the art can make various modifications and variations without departing from the spirit and scope of this application, and such modifications and variations all fall within the scope defined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A testing fixture for a rear door, characterized in that, include: Tooling body (100); A contour-following detection component (200) is disposed on the tooling body (100), and the contour-following detection component (200) matches the shape of the tailgate spoiler; Multiple positioning components (300) are provided on the tooling body (100). The plurality of positioning components (300) include a first positioning component (310) and a second positioning component (320), wherein the first positioning component (310) abuts against the outer surface of the rear door, and the second positioning component (320) is inserted into the positioning hole of the rear door; The first positioning component (310) includes a first sub-positioning component (311) and a second sub-positioning component (312). Both the first sub-positioning component (311) and the second sub-positioning component (312) abut against the outer surface of the tailgate. Along the front-rear direction (Y) of the vehicle, the first sub-positioning component (311) and the second sub-positioning component (312) are located on both sides of the tooling body (100).

2. The testing fixture according to claim 1, characterized in that, There are two first sub-positioning elements (311), which are spaced apart along the left-right direction (X) of the vehicle. There are also two second sub-positioning elements (312), which are spaced apart along the left-right direction (X) of the vehicle.

3. The testing fixture according to claim 1, characterized in that, The testing fixture further includes a first mounting ring (410) and a second mounting ring (420). The first sub-positioning component (311) is mounted on the first mounting ring (410). The first mounting ring (410) is detachably sleeved on the fixture body (100). The second sub-positioning component (312) is mounted on the second mounting ring (420). The second mounting ring (420) is detachably sleeved on the fixture body (100).

4. The testing fixture according to claim 3, characterized in that, The second positioning component (320) includes a third sub-positioning component (321) and a fourth sub-positioning component (322), both of which are inserted into the positioning holes of the tailgate. Along the front-rear direction (Y) of the vehicle, the third sub-positioning component (321) and the fourth sub-positioning component (322) are located on one side of the tooling body (100).

5. The testing fixture according to claim 4, characterized in that, The third sub-positioning component (321) is installed on the first mounting ring (410), and the testing fixture also includes a third mounting ring (430). The fourth sub-positioning component (322) is installed on the third mounting ring (430), and the third mounting ring (430) is detachably sleeved on the fixture body (100).

6. The testing fixture according to claim 4, characterized in that, There are two third sub-positioning elements (321), which are spaced apart along the left-right direction (X) of the vehicle, and the fourth sub-positioning element (322) is located between the two third sub-positioning elements (321).

7. The testing fixture according to claim 1, characterized in that, The positioning component (300) further includes a third positioning component (330), which abuts against the outer surface of the vehicle body roof.

8. The testing fixture according to claim 1, characterized in that, The contour detection component (200) includes a contour plate (210) with a detection edge (211) that simulates the profile of the tailgate spoiler. Along the front-rear direction (Y) of the vehicle, the detection edge (211) is positioned opposite to the rear side of the vehicle's side panel.

9. The testing fixture according to claim 1, characterized in that, There are two contour detection components (200), which are arranged on both sides of the tooling body (100) along the left-right direction (X) of the vehicle.

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