A mountain wind turbine unit settlement monitoring system

Abstract

The utility model discloses a mountain wind turbine generator unit settlement monitoring system belongs to wind power generation equipment technical field, including wind turbine generator unit, be provided with tower drum below wind turbine generator unit, the tower drum is fixedly installed on the ground through the wind power foundation of bottom arrangement, the tower top attitude measurement subassembly is arranged in the tower drum top, the inclination sensor is fixedly arranged on the tower drum bottom outside, is provided with settlement monitoring point protection box on the wind power foundation, settlement monitoring point protection box includes box body and box lid, the box lid rotation is arranged on the box body top, is provided with monitoring standard pole in the box body, the utility model discloses a mountain wind turbine generator unit settlement monitoring system above, when the fan foundation has slight settlement, the distance change amount that laser ranging sensor measures can directly reflect the settlement, thereby realizes the high accuracy monitoring of wind turbine generator unit foundation settlement.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of wind power generation equipment technology, and in particular to a settlement monitoring system for mountain wind turbine units. Background Technology

[0002] As an important component of clean energy, wind power has seen continuous growth in installed capacity, making the safe operation of wind turbines crucial. Wind turbines located in complex terrains such as mountains and hills are particularly vulnerable, as their foundations are subjected to enormous dynamic loads and the influence of complex geological environments, making them prone to settlement, especially highly hazardous uneven settlement.

[0003] Uneven settlement of the wind turbine foundation can cause the entire tower structure to tilt, which in turn triggers a series of chain reactions: 1. Deterioration of structural load: This causes the stress state of core components such as the tower, nacelle, and blades to deviate from the design conditions, significantly increasing structural fatigue load and shortening the service life of the unit.

[0004] 2. Increased operational risks: The tilting of the tower will change the relative position of the impeller and the nacelle, which may cause the blades to collide with the tower or lead to transmission system failure.

[0005] 3. Power generation efficiency loss: Changes in the unit's attitude can affect the wind energy capture efficiency, leading to a decrease in power generation.

[0006] Currently, monitoring of wind turbine foundations relies heavily on periodic manual measurements (such as levels and total stations). This method is inefficient and makes it difficult to detect and warn of sudden settlement risks in a timely manner. Utility Model Content

[0007] The purpose of this invention is to provide a settlement monitoring system for mountain wind turbines to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0008] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides a settlement monitoring system for mountain wind turbines, including a wind turbine, a tower installed below the wind turbine, the tower being fixedly installed on the ground via a wind power foundation at its bottom, a tower top attitude measurement component installed at the top inside the tower, an angle sensor fixedly installed on the outer side of the bottom of the tower, and a settlement monitoring point protection box installed on the wind power foundation. The settlement monitoring point protection box includes a box body and a box cover, the box cover being rotatably mounted above the box body, and a monitoring marker installed inside the box body.

[0009] Preferably, the tower top attitude measurement component includes a three-axis accelerometer and a gyroscope. A fixed plate is provided at the top of the tower. The three-axis accelerometer is located in the central area of ​​the fixed plate. The gyroscope and the three-axis accelerometer are installed adjacent to each other. The three-axis accelerometer and the gyroscope are covered with a protective shell.

[0010] Preferably, the anchor rod below the monitoring pole is anchored in stable bedrock or deep stable soil layer below the wind turbine foundation.

[0011] Preferably, a circular hole is provided on the side wall of the box, and a sealed light-transmitting window is provided inside the circular hole. A laser rangefinder is provided inside the box, directly opposite the sealed light-transmitting window, and the laser rangefinder is mounted inside the box via a rotating assembly.

[0012] Preferably, a reflective prism is fixedly installed at the top of the monitoring pole.

[0013] Preferably, the reflecting prism is a cornerstone prism.

[0014] Preferably, the laser rangefinder and the sealed transparent window are on the same horizontal line, and the reflective prism, the laser rangefinder, and the sealed transparent window together form an L-shaped optical path structure.

[0015] Preferably, the rotating assembly includes a U-shaped plate, a rotating plate, and a rotating platform. The U-shaped plate has symmetrically arranged fixing rods on its inner side, and a spherical fixing member is fixedly arranged between the two fixing rods. The rotating plate has a circular hole in the middle, and the rotating plate is sleeved on the spherical fixing member and rotatably connected to the spherical fixing member. The rotating platform is fixedly arranged at the top of the rotating plate.

[0016] Preferably, the laser rangefinder is fixedly mounted on the rotating platform.

[0017] Preferably, the radius of the circular hole is the same as the radius of the spherical fastener.

[0018] Therefore, the above-mentioned settlement monitoring system for mountain wind turbines has the following advantages: Through the combination of the spherical fixing component and the rotating plate, the laser ranging sensor can be flexibly fine-tuned with multiple degrees of freedom during installation, ensuring that the laser beam is perpendicularly incident on the corner prism at the optimal angle to obtain the strongest return signal; by setting the laser ranging sensor and the corner prism reflector target on the wind turbine foundation, a stable optical ranging channel is constructed, which can measure the relative displacement change between the foundation and the fixed ground layer in real time and continuously; when the wind turbine foundation experiences slight settlement, the distance change measured by the laser ranging sensor can directly reflect the settlement amount, thereby achieving high-precision monitoring of wind turbine foundation settlement and improving monitoring efficiency.

[0019] The technical solution of this utility model will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. Attached Figure Description

[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a settlement monitoring system for a mountain wind turbine according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view of the laser ranging sensor according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the working principle of a settlement monitoring system for mountain wind turbines according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure Labels 1. Wind turbine generator set; 2. Tower; 3. Wind power foundation; 4. Tilt sensor; 5. Settlement monitoring point protection box; 51. Box body; 52. Box cover; 6. Monitoring pole; 7. Sealed light-transmitting window; 8. Laser rangefinder sensor; 9. Rotating assembly; 91. U-shaped plate; 92. Rotating plate; 93. Rotating platform; 94. Fixing rod; 95. Spherical fastener; 10. Reflecting prism. Detailed Implementation

[0021] The technical solution of this utility model will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0022] Unless otherwise defined, the technical or scientific terms used in this utility model shall have the ordinary meaning understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this utility model pertains. The terms "first," "second," and similar terms used in this utility model do not indicate any order, quantity, or importance, but are merely used to distinguish different components. Terms such as "comprising" or "including" mean that the element or object preceding the word encompasses the elements or objects listed following the word and their equivalents, without excluding other elements or objects. Terms such as "connected" or "linked" are not limited to physical or mechanical connections, but can include electrical connections, whether direct or indirect. Terms such as "upper," "lower," "left," and "right" are used only to indicate relative positional relationships; when the absolute position of the described object changes, the relative positional relationship may also change accordingly.

[0023] Example like Figure 1-3As shown, this utility model provides a settlement monitoring system for mountain wind turbines, including a wind turbine 1, a tower 2 installed below the wind turbine 1, the tower 2 being fixedly installed on the ground by a wind power foundation 3 installed at the bottom, a tower top attitude measurement component installed at the top inside the tower 2, the tower top attitude measurement component including a three-axis accelerometer and a gyroscope, a fixing plate installed at the top inside the tower 2, the three-axis accelerometer being installed in the central area of ​​the fixing plate, the gyroscope and the three-axis accelerometer being installed adjacent to each other, the three-axis accelerometer and the gyroscope being covered by a protective shell, and an tilt sensor 4 being fixedly installed on the outer side of the bottom of the tower 2.

[0024] The triaxial accelerometer is used to measure the vibration acceleration of tower 2 in the X, Y, and Z directions, thereby analyzing its dynamic characteristics such as natural frequency and mode shape.

[0025] The gyroscope is used to measure the pitch and yaw angular velocities of the top of tower 2, to compensate for the error of the accelerometer in rotational motion, and to directly sense the sway of the top of the tower.

[0026] The protective housing is a sealed, electromagnetic interference-proof metal box used to encapsulate the triaxial accelerometer and gyroscope, protecting them from the harsh environment (humidity, salt spray, electromagnetic interference) inside the tower 2.

[0027] A settlement monitoring point protection box 5 is installed on the wind turbine foundation 3. The settlement monitoring point protection box 5 includes a box body 51 and a box cover 52. The box cover 52 is rotatably installed above the box body 51. A monitoring rod 6 is installed inside the box body 51. The anchor rod below the monitoring rod 6 is anchored in the stable bedrock or deep stable soil layer below the wind turbine foundation.

[0028] A circular hole is provided on the side wall of the housing 51, and a sealed light-transmitting window 7 is provided inside the circular hole. A laser rangefinder 8 is provided inside the housing 51, directly opposite the sealed light-transmitting window 7. The laser rangefinder 8 is located inside the housing 51 via a rotating assembly 9. A reflecting prism 10, which is a pyramidal prism, is fixedly installed at the top of the monitoring rod 6. The laser rangefinder 8 and the sealed light-transmitting window 7 are on the same horizontal line, and the reflecting prism 10 is located directly in front of this horizontal optical path (i.e., in the direction in which the laser is emitted). The three of them form an "L"-shaped optical path structure.

[0029] As a reflective target, the reflective prism 10 ensures that the light emitted from the corner bevel prism will return strictly in a direction parallel to the incident light, regardless of the angle from which the incident light comes. This greatly facilitates optical path alignment and improves the intensity of the reflected light signal.

[0030] The rotating assembly 9 includes a U-shaped plate 91, a rotating plate 92, and a rotating platform 93. The U-shaped plate 91 has symmetrically arranged fixing rods 94 on its inner side, and a spherical fixing member 95 is fixedly arranged between the two fixing rods 94. The rotating plate 92 has a circular hole in the middle, the radius of which is the same as the radius of the spherical fixing member 95. The rotating plate 92 is fitted onto the spherical fixing member 95 and is rotatably connected to it. The rotating platform 93 is fixedly arranged at the top of the rotating plate 92, and the laser rangefinder 8 is fixedly arranged on the rotating platform 93.

[0031] The rotating platform 93 provides a stable and movable mounting surface for the laser sensor. The laser rangefinder 8 can be finely adjusted up and down and left and right via a rotating component 9. Damping material is provided between the rotating plate 92 and the spherical fixing member 95 to maintain a fixed posture without external force.

[0032] A three-axis accelerometer, gyroscope, tilt sensor 4, and laser rangefinder 8 are all connected to a data acquisition unit. When the wind turbine foundation 3 is in a stable state, the initial distance L0 between the laser rangefinder 8 and the cornerstone prism is recorded. When the wind turbine foundation 3 settles, the settlement monitoring point protection box 5, which is embedded in the wind turbine foundation 3, sinks along with the foundation, while the monitoring marker 6 and the cornerstone prism, which are fixed to the stable stratum by anchor bolts, remain in their spatial positions. At this time, the laser rangefinder 8 sinks with the protection box, and its distance to the cornerstone prism shortens. The laser rangefinder 8 measures the new distance L1 in real time. The absolute settlement of the wind turbine foundation 3 is ΔH = L0 - L1.

[0033] The specific connection methods of each part all adopt conventional methods such as bolts, rivets, and welding that are mature in existing technology. The machinery, parts and equipment all adopt conventional models in existing technology. In addition, the circuit connection adopts conventional connection methods in existing technology, which will not be described in detail here.

[0034] In this embodiment, a settlement monitoring system for a mountain wind turbine is used. A laser rangefinder 8 at the wind turbine foundation 3 monitors absolute settlement, a tilt sensor 4 at the bottom of the tower 2 monitors tower tilt, and a triaxial accelerometer and gyroscope at the top of the tower monitor vibration and oscillation. If settlement and tilt increase simultaneously, it is diagnosed as uneven foundation settlement; if only vibration is abnormal while settlement and tilt remain unchanged, it is diagnosed as tower structural damage.

[0035] Therefore, this utility model adopts the above-mentioned mountain wind turbine settlement monitoring system. When the wind turbine foundation experiences slight settlement, the distance change measured by the laser rangefinder can directly reflect the settlement amount, thereby achieving high-precision monitoring of wind turbine foundation settlement.

[0036] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of this utility model and not to limit it. Although the utility model has been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications or equivalent substitutions can still be made to the technical solution of this utility model, and these modifications or equivalent substitutions cannot cause the modified technical solution to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solution of this utility model.

Claims

1. A settlement monitoring system for mountain wind turbines, characterized in that: The system includes a wind turbine generator set, with a tower mounted below it. The tower is fixedly installed on the ground via a wind power foundation located at its bottom. A tower top attitude measurement component is installed at the top of the tower, and a tilt sensor is fixedly installed on the outer side of the bottom of the tower. A settlement monitoring point protection box is installed on the wind power foundation. The settlement monitoring point protection box includes a box body and a box cover. The box cover is rotatably mounted above the box body, and a monitoring marker is installed inside the box body.

2. The settlement monitoring system for mountain wind turbines according to claim 1, characterized in that: The attitude measurement assembly at the top of the tower includes a three-axis accelerometer and a gyroscope. A fixed plate is provided at the top of the tower. The three-axis accelerometer is located in the central area of ​​the fixed plate. The gyroscope and the three-axis accelerometer are installed adjacent to each other. The three-axis accelerometer and the gyroscope are covered with a protective shell.

3. The settlement monitoring system for mountain wind turbines according to claim 1, characterized in that: The anchor rod below the monitoring pole is anchored in the stable bedrock or deep stable soil layer below the wind power foundation.

4. The settlement monitoring system for mountain wind turbines according to claim 1, characterized in that: A circular hole is provided on the side wall of the box, and a sealed light-transmitting window is provided inside the circular hole. A laser rangefinder is provided inside the box, directly opposite the sealed light-transmitting window, and the laser rangefinder is mounted inside the box via a rotating assembly.

5. The settlement monitoring system for mountain wind turbines according to claim 4, characterized in that: A reflective prism is fixedly installed at the top of the monitoring pole.

6. The settlement monitoring system for mountain wind turbines according to claim 5, characterized in that: The reflecting prism is a cornerstone prism.

7. A settlement monitoring system for mountain wind turbines according to claim 6, characterized in that: The laser rangefinder and the sealed transparent window are on the same horizontal line, and the reflective prism, the laser rangefinder, and the sealed transparent window together form an L-shaped optical path structure.

8. A settlement monitoring system for mountain wind turbines according to claim 4, characterized in that: The rotating assembly includes a U-shaped plate, a rotating plate, and a rotating platform. The U-shaped plate has symmetrically arranged fixing rods on its inner side, and a spherical fixing member is fixedly arranged between the two fixing rods. The rotating plate has a circular hole in the middle, and the rotating plate is sleeved on the spherical fixing member and rotatably connected to the spherical fixing member. The rotating platform is fixedly arranged at the top of the rotating plate.

9. A settlement monitoring system for mountain wind turbines according to claim 8, characterized in that: The laser rangefinder is fixedly mounted on the rotating platform.

10. A settlement monitoring system for mountain wind turbines according to claim 8, characterized in that: The radius of the circular hole is the same as the radius of the spherical fastener.

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