High-speed motor train unit gear box bearing pairing rapid test tooling

Abstract

The utility model discloses a kind of high-speed motor train unit gear box bearing pairing rapid test tool, including two driving seats, rotationally connected with main shaft between two driving seats, one side of one driving seat is provided with tool cover, and through hole is opened on tool cover, installation sleeve is set on the initial end of main shaft, two test bearings are detachably connected between installation sleeve and through hole, spacer ring is set on the outer circumferential wall of installation sleeve, the outer ring of two test bearings is in contact with the inner circumferential wall of through hole and is set, dismounting structure for cooperating with spacer ring to make test bearing and tool cover and installation sleeve stable cooperation and realize that test bearing is quickly disassembled between tool cover and installation sleeve is set on tool cover, loading structure is set on tool cover.The utility model solves the problem that test bearing dismounting in traditional gear box bearing test tool is more complicated, traditional gear box bearing test tool structure is complex and conic bearing test is prone to raceway partial load, leading to test failure.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of bearing testing fixture technology, specifically a rapid testing fixture for pairing bearings in a high-speed train gearbox. Background Technology

[0002] As the core equipment of railway transportation, the operational safety and reliability of high-speed trains directly depend on the performance of key components. Among them, gearbox bearings, as the core load-bearing components of the train bogie and drive unit, bear complex radial loads, axial loads, and impact loads. Their precision, strength, and stability directly affect the operating efficiency and driving safety of the train. Therefore, before gearbox bearings are put into practical application, their various performance indicators must be comprehensively verified through professional testing equipment to ensure that the products meet the stringent requirements of high-speed trains. However, existing high-speed train gearbox bearing testing fixtures and methods still have many technical shortcomings: 1. Traditional testing methods require customized shaft systems for different types of gearbox bearings, and additional matching test bearings must be selected. This makes the design, processing, and manufacturing process of the fixtures cumbersome, increasing the workload of pre-test preparation and making the fixtures extremely unreliable, unable to meet the rapid testing needs of multiple bearing models; 2. Due to the structural characteristics of tapered roller bearings, the outer rings of the two test bearings in existing fixtures are mostly designed separately. During the test, uneven force can easily lead to raceway eccentricity, resulting in distorted test data and even direct test failure, seriously affecting the effectiveness of bearing performance verification; 3. The existing test fixtures have numerous shaft system components with high machining precision requirements, resulting in complex and time-consuming installation and disassembly processes. Furthermore, when different types of test bearings need to be replaced, the entire shaft system structure needs to be redesigned and adjusted, making rapid changeover impossible and further extending the test cycle. Utility Model Content

[0003] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this utility model provides a rapid testing fixture for pairing bearings in high-speed train gearboxes. This fixture solves the problems of cumbersome bearing disassembly and assembly, complex structure, and raceway misalignment leading to test failure in tapered bearing testing.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides a rapid testing fixture for pairing bearings in a high-speed train gearbox, comprising two drive seats for mounting on an external equipment platform. A main shaft is rotatably connected between the two drive seats. The end of the main shaft is a drive end for linkage with an external drive device to drive the main shaft to rotate on the two drive seats when the external drive device is started. A fixture sleeve is provided on one side of one of the drive seats. The fixture sleeve has a through hole for the beginning end of the main shaft to pass through. An mounting sleeve is provided on the beginning end of the main shaft. The outer circumference of the mounting sleeve... Two test bearings are detachably connected between the wall and the inner peripheral wall of the perforation. The outer peripheral wall of the mounting sleeve is provided with a spacer ring for separating the two test bearings and contacting the inner ring sidewalls of the two test bearings respectively. The outer rings of the two test bearings are both in contact with the inner peripheral wall of the perforation. The tooling sleeve is provided with a disassembly and assembly structure for cooperating with the spacer ring to ensure stable cooperation between the test bearings and the tooling sleeve and the mounting sleeve, and to enable quick disassembly and assembly of the test bearings between the tooling sleeve and the mounting sleeve. The tooling sleeve is provided with a loading structure for applying axial load and radial load to the tooling sleeve.

[0005] The advantages of adopting the above technical solution are as follows: The drive seat provides stable rotational support for the main shaft, while the drive end of the main shaft is linked to external equipment to ensure the transmission of test power. The tooling sleeve and mounting sleeve cooperate to form the test bearing mounting cavity, making the pairing and installation of the two test bearings closer to real working conditions. The spacer effectively separates the two test bearings, preventing mutual interference during operation, and its contact with the inner ring of the test bearing ensures uniform force distribution. The outer rings of the two test bearings are in contact with the inner circumferential wall of the perforation, preventing raceway eccentric loading during tapered bearing testing and improving test effectiveness. The disassembly and assembly structure enables rapid disassembly and assembly of the test bearings with the tooling sleeve and mounting sleeve, reducing operational difficulty. The loading structure can accurately apply axial and radial loads, comprehensively verifying bearing performance. Through the above-mentioned universal mounting sleeve and tooling sleeve design, there is no need for customized shaft systems; only a few parts need to be replaced to adapt to multiple models of test bearings, enhancing tooling versatility, simplifying the overall structure, reducing redundant components, lowering the difficulty of processing, manufacturing, installation, and disassembly, shortening the test cycle, and reducing test costs.

[0006] The present invention further includes the following: the disassembly and assembly structure includes a partition plate detachably connected to the left side of the tooling sleeve and a baffle plate detachably connected to the right side of the tooling sleeve. Both the partition plate and the baffle plate are bent toward their respective adjacent test bearings and have retaining rings for contacting the outer ring sidewall of their respective adjacent test bearings. The two retaining rings are arranged opposite to each other. The inner wall of the baffle plate is partially fitted with the right side wall of the tooling sleeve, and a plurality of first bolts are detachably connected between the baffle plate and the right side wall of the tooling sleeve. The plurality of first bolts are arranged in a ring shape.

[0007] The advantages of adopting the above technical solution are as follows: In the above technology, the baffle is detachably connected to both sides of the tooling sleeve by the first bolt, which is convenient to assemble and the connection is stable. The retaining ring bends towards the test bearing and contacts the outer ring sidewall of the bearing. Together with the spacer ring, it limits the inner ring of the bearing, so as to achieve stable fixation of the test bearing between the tooling sleeve and the mounting sleeve and avoid the bearing displacement during the test. The above detachable design eliminates the complicated disassembly and assembly process, realizes the rapid loading and unloading of the test bearing, reduces the test preparation and closing time, and avoids damage to the test bearing and the tooling body during disassembly and assembly, so as to ensure the test accuracy and the service life of the tooling.

[0008] The present invention further comprises: the loading structure including an axial loading cylinder and a loading plate disposed on the left side of the tooling sleeve; the inner edge of the loading plate is attached to the left side wall of the tooling sleeve, and a plurality of second bolts are detachably connected between the loading plate and the left side wall of the tooling sleeve, the plurality of second bolts being arranged in a ring; a movable cavity for the partition to move is formed between the inner wall of the loading plate and the left side wall of the tooling sleeve; an axial load sensor is disposed on the outer wall of the partition; the axial loading cylinder is disposed on the outer wall of the loading plate, and the output end of the axial loading cylinder passes through the movable cavity and is coaxially aligned with the input end of the axial load sensor; the output end of the axial loading cylinder is coaxially aligned with the main shaft.

[0009] The advantages of adopting the above technical solution are as follows: In the above technology, the loading plate is detachably connected to the left side of the tooling sleeve by the second bolt, which is stable and convenient for later disassembly and maintenance. The annular distribution of the second bolts ensures that the loading plate and the tooling sleeve fit tightly and avoids displacement during loading. The above-mentioned movable cavity provides the partition with movement space to ensure smooth axial loading stroke. The axial load sensor accurately senses the magnitude of the loading force to ensure that the axial load is applied accurately and controllably. The output end of the above-mentioned axial loading cylinder is coaxially aligned with the main shaft and the axial load sensor, so that the axial force is evenly transmitted to the test bearing along the axis of the main shaft, which conforms to the real stress condition. Through the integrated design of the loading structure and the tooling sleeve, there is no need to build an additional complex loading frame, which simplifies the overall structure of the tooling. The detachable connection method facilitates the inspection and replacement of the loading components, enhancing the adaptability and service life of the tooling.

[0010] The present invention further includes a radial loading cylinder for mounting on an external equipment platform, wherein the output end of the radial loading cylinder is disposed toward the outer peripheral wall of the tooling sleeve and is disposed in contact with the outer peripheral wall of the tooling sleeve.

[0011] The advantages of adopting the above technical solution are as follows: In the above technology, the radial loading cylinder is installed on the external equipment platform, which is reasonably laid out and does not interfere with the operation of other components of the tooling. Moreover, its output end faces the outer peripheral wall of the tooling sleeve and is set in contact, so that it can directly apply radial load to the tooling sleeve and realize the accurate transmission of radial force. By cooperating with the axial loading structure, it can simulate the complex stress state in the real working environment of the gearbox bearing and fully verify the radial bearing performance. In order to improve the accuracy of radial loading, a radial load sensor can be connected to the output end of the radial loading cylinder to accurately sense the magnitude of the loading force and ensure that the radial load is applied accurately and controllably.

[0012] The present invention further includes: an oil inlet hole on the outer peripheral wall of the tooling sleeve for communicating with the output pipe of an external oil pump device to lubricate the test bearing when the external oil pump device is running and external lubricating grease is poured into the perforation through the output pipe of the oil pump device; and an input pipe on the outer peripheral wall of the tooling sleeve for communicating with the external oil pump device to allow excess lubricating grease between the perforation and the mounting sleeve to flow back to the return oil hole of the external oil pump device.

[0013] The advantages of adopting the above technical solution are as follows: the oil inlet is connected to an external oil pump, which can continuously supply lubricating grease to the test bearing, reducing friction and wear during bearing operation and ensuring smooth test performance; the oil return hole allows excess lubricating grease to flow back, forming a circulating lubrication system, avoiding lubricating grease waste and reducing test consumable costs; the circulating lubrication can promptly remove the heat generated by the bearing operation, preventing the bearing from overheating and causing abnormal performance, improving test stability, and the continuous lubrication supply simulates the lubrication state in the real working environment of the bearing, making the test conditions more consistent with actual application scenarios and improving the accuracy of performance verification; the external circulating oil pump is existing technology, so its pipeline connection method, specific structure and operating principle will not be described in detail.

[0014] The present invention is further provided in that: a drive hole is provided on the drive seat for the main shaft to pass through, and a main shaft bearing is connected between the inner peripheral wall of the drive hole and the outer peripheral wall of the main shaft.

[0015] The advantages of adopting the above technical solution are as follows: the drive hole provides precise installation and positioning for the shaft, allowing the spindle bearing to connect the inner circumferential wall of the drive hole with the outer circumferential wall of the spindle, reducing frictional resistance during spindle rotation, ensuring high-speed and stable spindle operation, and simultaneously distributing the radial force on the spindle to prevent spindle misalignment or wobbling due to uneven force, thus improving spindle operating accuracy; the spindle bearing configuration makes spindle rotation smoother, reduces energy loss, and lowers test energy consumption; it also enhances the stability and load-bearing capacity of the overall tooling structure, adapts to the needs of long-term repeated testing, and extends the service life of the tooling. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional view of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0017] This utility model provides a rapid testing fixture for pairing bearings in a high-speed train gearbox, comprising two drive seats 1 for mounting on an external equipment platform. A main shaft 11 is rotatably connected between the two drive seats 1. The end of the main shaft 11 is a drive end 12 for linkage with an external drive device to drive the main shaft 11 to rotate on the two drive seats 1 when the external drive device is started. A fixture sleeve 2 is provided on one side of one of the drive seats 1. The fixture sleeve 2 has a through hole 13 for the beginning end of the main shaft 11 to pass through. An mounting sleeve 3 is provided on the beginning end of the main shaft 11. Two test bearings 4 are detachably connected between the outer peripheral wall of the mounting sleeve 3 and the inner peripheral wall of the through hole 13. The outer peripheral wall of the mounting sleeve 3 is provided with a spacer for separating the two test bearings 4. Spacer rings 31 are respectively in contact with the inner ring sidewalls of the two test bearings 4. The outer rings of the two test bearings 4 are in contact with the inner peripheral wall of the through hole 13. The tooling sleeve 2 is provided with a disassembly and assembly structure for cooperating with spacer rings 31 to ensure stable cooperation between the test bearings 4 and the tooling sleeve 2 and the mounting sleeve 3, and to enable quick disassembly and assembly of the test bearings 4 between the tooling sleeve 2 and the mounting sleeve 3. The tooling sleeve 2 is provided with a loading structure for applying axial load and radial load to the tooling sleeve 2. The disassembly and assembly structure includes a partition plate 21 detachably connected to the left side of the tooling sleeve 2 and a baffle plate 22 detachably connected to the right side of the tooling sleeve 2. The partition plate 21 and the baffle plate 22 are both bent toward their respective adjacent test bearings 4 to contact the outer ring sidewalls of their respective adjacent test bearings 4. The retaining ring 23 is positioned opposite to the retaining ring 23. The inner wall of the baffle 22 is partially fitted to the right side wall of the tooling sleeve 2, and a plurality of first bolts 221 are detachably connected between the baffle 22 and the right side wall of the tooling sleeve 2. The plurality of first bolts 221 are arranged in a ring. The loading structure includes an axial loading cylinder 5 and a loading plate 24 disposed on the left side of the tooling sleeve 2. The inner edge of the loading plate 24 is attached to the left side wall of the tooling sleeve 2, and a plurality of second bolts 241 are detachably connected between the loading plate 24 and the left side wall of the tooling sleeve 2. The plurality of second bolts 241 are arranged in a ring. An active cavity 242 for the partition 21 to move is formed between the inner wall of the loading plate 24 and the left side wall of the tooling sleeve 2. An axial loading cylinder 5 is provided on the outer wall of the partition 21. The load sensor 211 is included. The axial loading cylinder 5 is mounted on the outer wall of the loading plate 24, with its output end penetrating the movable cavity 242 and coaxially aligned with the input end of the axial load sensor 211. The output end of the axial loading cylinder 5 is coaxially aligned with the main shaft 11. The loading structure also includes a radial loading cylinder 51 for mounting on an external equipment platform. The output end of the radial loading cylinder 51 faces the outer peripheral wall of the tooling sleeve 2 and is in contact with it. The outer peripheral wall of the tooling sleeve 2 has an oil inlet 25 for communicating with the output pipe of an external oil pump to lubricate the test bearing 4 when the external oil pump is running and injects external lubricating grease into the perforation 13 through the output pipe.The tooling sleeve 2 also has an input pipe on its outer peripheral wall for connecting to an external oil pump, allowing excess lubricating grease between the perforation 13 and the mounting sleeve 3 to flow back to the return oil hole 26 of the external oil pump. The drive seat 1 has a drive hole 14 for the main shaft 11 to pass through, and a main shaft bearing 141 connects the inner peripheral wall of the drive hole 14 to the outer peripheral wall of the main shaft 11.

[0018] Rapid assembly and disassembly process of test bearings for the rapid testing fixture for high-speed train gearbox bearing pairing: I. Installation Procedure: Fix the drive seat on the equipment table, install the spindle bearing and spindle to complete the rotational connection between the spindle and drive seat; assemble the mounting sleeve and spacer at the beginning of the spindle, and pass the tooling sleeve through the beginning of the spindle so that the mounting sleeve is located in the through hole; install the two test bearings between the mounting sleeve and the through hole respectively, and align them with both sides of the spacer to complete the separation and positioning; install the partition plate on the left side and the baffle plate on the right side of the tooling sleeve, so that the retaining ring is aligned with the outer ring of the bearing, and screw in the first bolts distributed in a ring to fix the baffle plate; fix the loading plate to the left side of the tooling sleeve with the second bolt, install the axial load sensor and the axial loading cylinder and ensure coaxial alignment; fix the radial loading cylinder to the equipment table and align it with the outer peripheral wall of the tooling sleeve; connect the oil pump equipment with the oil inlet and return holes to complete the lubrication system connection.

[0019] II. Disassembly Procedure: Disconnect the external linkage between the lubrication system and the loading structure, and remove the radial loading cylinder; unscrew the second bolt to remove the loading plate, and remove the axial load sensor and partition; unscrew the first bolt to remove the baffle, and directly remove the two test bearings from between the mounting sleeve and the through hole; if a different type is required, remove the mounting sleeve, replace the matching parts, and repeat the installation steps to retest.

[0020] The axial loading cylinder, radial loading cylinder, and load sensor mentioned above are all existing technologies, so their structure and function will not be described in detail.

[0021] In the above technology, the radial load sensor is identified as 511 in the accompanying drawings.

[0022] The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles and main features of this utility model, as well as its advantages. Those skilled in the art should understand that this utility model is not limited to the above embodiments. The embodiments and descriptions in the specification are merely illustrative of the principles of this utility model. Various changes and modifications may be made to this utility model without departing from its spirit and scope. All such changes and modifications fall within the scope of protection of this utility model as defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A rapid testing fixture for pairing bearings in a high-speed train gearbox, comprising two drive seats for mounting on an external equipment platform, a main shaft rotatably connected between the two drive seats, the end of the main shaft being a drive end for linkage with an external drive device to drive the main shaft to rotate on the two drive seats when the external drive device is started, characterized in that: One of the drive seats has a tooling sleeve on one side, with a through hole for the beginning of the spindle to pass through. A mounting sleeve is provided on the beginning of the spindle. Two test bearings are detachably connected between the outer peripheral wall of the mounting sleeve and the inner peripheral wall of the through hole. A spacer ring is provided on the outer peripheral wall of the mounting sleeve to separate the two test bearings and to contact the inner ring sidewalls of the two test bearings respectively. The outer rings of both test bearings are in contact with the inner peripheral wall of the through hole. The tooling sleeve has a disassembly and assembly structure that cooperates with the spacer ring to ensure stable engagement between the test bearings and the tooling sleeve and the mounting sleeve, and to enable quick disassembly and assembly of the test bearings between the tooling sleeve and the mounting sleeve. The tooling sleeve also has a loading structure for applying axial and radial loads to the tooling sleeve.

2. The rapid testing fixture for pairing bearings in a high-speed train gearbox according to claim 1, characterized in that: The disassembly and assembly structure includes a partition plate detachably connected to the left side of the tooling sleeve and a baffle plate detachably connected to the right side of the tooling sleeve. Both the partition plate and the baffle plate are bent toward their respective adjacent test bearings and have retaining rings for contacting the outer ring sidewalls of their respective adjacent test bearings. The two retaining rings are arranged opposite to each other. The inner wall of the baffle plate is partially fitted with the right side wall of the tooling sleeve, and a plurality of first bolts are detachably connected between the baffle plate and the right side wall of the tooling sleeve. The plurality of first bolts are distributed in a ring shape.

3. The rapid testing fixture for pairing bearings in a high-speed train gearbox according to claim 2, characterized in that: The loading structure includes an axial loading cylinder and a loading plate disposed on the left side of the tooling sleeve. The inner edge of the loading plate is attached to the left side wall of the tooling sleeve, and a plurality of second bolts are detachably connected between the loading plate and the left side wall of the tooling sleeve. The plurality of second bolts are arranged in a ring. An movable cavity for the partition to move is formed between the inner wall of the loading plate and the left side wall of the tooling sleeve. An axial load sensor is disposed on the outer wall of the partition. The axial loading cylinder is disposed on the outer wall of the loading plate, and the output end of the axial loading cylinder passes through the movable cavity and is coaxially aligned with the input end of the axial load sensor. The output end of the axial loading cylinder is coaxially aligned with the main shaft.

4. The rapid testing fixture for pairing bearings in a high-speed train gearbox according to claim 1, characterized in that: The loading structure also includes a radial loading cylinder for mounting on an external equipment platform. The output end of the radial loading cylinder is positioned toward the outer peripheral wall of the tooling sleeve and is configured to contact the outer peripheral wall of the tooling sleeve.

5. The rapid testing fixture for pairing bearings in a high-speed train gearbox according to claim 1, characterized in that: The tooling sleeve has an oil inlet hole on its outer peripheral wall for connecting to the output pipe of an external oil pump device to lubricate the test bearing when the external oil pump device is running and external lubricating grease is poured into the perforation through the output pipe of the oil pump device. The tooling sleeve also has an input pipe on its outer peripheral wall for connecting to the external oil pump device to allow excess lubricating grease between the perforation and the mounting sleeve to flow back to the return oil hole of the external oil pump device.

6. The rapid testing fixture for pairing bearings in a high-speed train gearbox according to claim 1, characterized in that: The drive seat has a drive hole for the spindle to pass through, and a spindle bearing is connected between the inner peripheral wall of the drive hole and the outer peripheral wall of the spindle.

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