Rock mass detection device based on mechanical acoustic wave detection

Abstract

The utility model belongs to the field of rock mass acoustic wave detection provides a kind of rock mass detection device based on mechanical acoustic wave detection, including movement assembly, rotary disc, fixed disc, driving device, impact block and sound sensor;Rotary disc is provided with at least two positioning through holes, fixed disc is provided with vertical guide through hole, and two positioning through holes are distributed in the upper and lower sides of guide through hole;Positioning through hole is used to set impact block, impact block is used to fall from the uppermost positioning through hole, impact on rock mass, and form acoustic wave to be collected by sound sensor;The utility model is pure mechanical acoustic wave detection structure, and the gravitational potential energy of impact block is converted into mechanical impact kinetic energy, and the acoustic wave signal generated by impacting rock mass can directly reflect the physical characteristics of rock mass;Movement assembly can integrate three-dimensional laser scanner and other devices, and comprehensively obtain rock mass information from multidimensional, to provide data support for tunnel surrounding rock quality evaluation, mine rock mass stability evaluation, geological disaster site investigation and other scenes.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of rock mass acoustic wave detection, specifically relating to a rock mass detection device based on mechanical acoustic wave detection. Background Technology

[0002] Acoustic wave testing is a method that utilizes the principle that the speed, frequency, and amplitude of sound waves change with the properties of the medium as they propagate through it, in order to detect and analyze the internal structure and properties of the medium. In the field of rock mass testing, acoustic wave testing technology is widely used for rock mass quality evaluation, rock mass stability analysis, and detection of internal defects in rock masses due to its non-destructive, efficient, and accurate characteristics.

[0003] In laboratory acoustic wave testing of different rock masses, traditional methods often involve manually striking the rock mass to collect and analyze the generated acoustic signals to determine its properties. However, this method has several drawbacks: the force and frequency of manual striking are difficult to control precisely, leading to significant variations in acoustic signals from each strike, affecting the accuracy and repeatability of the test results; simultaneously, manual striking is labor-intensive and inefficient, making it unsuitable for large-scale rock mass testing experiments; furthermore, traditional methods have limitations in simulating changes in the acoustic characteristics of rock masses under different environmental conditions, failing to accurately reflect the impact of various complex stress states experienced by the rock mass in actual engineering environments on the propagation characteristics of acoustic waves. Utility Model Content

[0004] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, this utility model provides a rock mass detection device based on mechanical acoustic wave detection, thereby addressing the issues in the prior art. The technical solution adopted by this utility model is as follows: A rock mass detection device based on mechanical acoustic wave detection includes a moving assembly, a rotating disk, a fixed disk, a drive device, an impact block, and a sound sensor; The rotating assembly is rotatably connected to the rotating disk. One side of the rotating disk is connected to the driving device for driving its rotation. The other side of the rotating disk is provided with a circular groove. The fixed disk is disposed in the circular groove and is fixedly connected to the moving assembly. The rotating disk and the fixed disk are coaxially arranged. The rotating disk is provided with at least two positioning through holes, which are connected to the circular groove. The fixed disk is provided with a vertical guide through hole, and the two positioning through holes are distributed on the upper and lower sides of the guide through hole. The rotating disk is used to rotate so that the positioning through holes pass through the upper and lower sides of the guide through hole in sequence. The positioning through hole is used to set the impact block. The impact block is used to fall from the uppermost positioning through hole, pass through the guide through hole and the lowermost positioning through hole, and finally impact the rock mass, generating sound waves that are collected by the sound sensor.

[0005] Furthermore, the number of positioning through holes is an even number, and they are evenly distributed around the circumference of the rotating disk; the number of impact blocks is half the number of positioning through holes; the driving device is used to drive the rotating disk to rotate by the angle between two adjacent positioning through holes each time.

[0006] Furthermore, the impact block is made of a non-magnetic material and has a mounting through hole in which a magnetic post is fixedly connected; an annular groove is provided on the outer side of the impact block, and a magnetic metal ring is provided in the annular groove; a positioning magnet is fixedly connected to the inner side of the positioning through hole, and the positioning magnet is used to attract the magnetic metal ring to fix it in the positioning through hole.

[0007] Furthermore, a driving magnet is provided above the rotating disk; when the impact block is located in the uppermost positioning through hole, the driving magnet has the same magnetic pole as the opposite end of the magnetic column, so as to push the impact block to fall.

[0008] Furthermore, the drive magnet is mounted on a support base, which is connected to a lifting platform via a connecting rod for adjusting the height of the drive magnet.

[0009] Furthermore, the bearing seat is fixedly connected to a guide plate, which is located above the rotating disk. The inner side of the guide plate is arc-shaped. From the bottom to the top of the guide plate, the distance between the inner side of the guide plate and the outer side of the rotating disk gradually decreases. The guide plate is located on the rotation path of the impact block, and the inner side of the guide plate is used to abut against the outer end of the impact block, so that the inner end of the impact block fits against the outer side of the fixed disk.

[0010] Furthermore, the bottom of the mobility assembly is equipped with multiple Mecanum wheels for movement.

[0011] Furthermore, the movable assembly is provided with a hollow portion, and both the rotating disk and the fixed disk are located within the hollow portion. A fixed rod is fixedly connected to the side of the fixed disk away from the rotating disk, and the fixed rod is fixedly connected to the movable assembly. A rotating shaft is fixedly connected to the side of the rotating disk away from the fixed disk, and the rotating shaft is connected to the drive device.

[0012] Furthermore, a detection tube is fixedly connected to the bottom of the fixed plate, the sound sensor is located at the end of the detection tube, and the detection tube is located next to the positioning through hole at the bottom.

[0013] This utility model has the following beneficial effects: (1) This utility model is a purely mechanical acoustic wave detection structure. It relies on the gravitational potential energy of the impact block to be converted into mechanical impact kinetic energy. The acoustic wave signal generated by the impact on the rock mass can directly reflect the physical characteristics of the rock mass. The alignment of the positioning through hole and the guide through hole provides a vertical falling channel for the impact block, ensuring that the position, angle and force of the impact are consistent. No other parts work during the impact process, minimizing noise. It can be used for experimental verification of the internal structure information of the rock mass, so as to collect different acoustic waves generated when there are different grooves, gaps and other defects in the rock mass. It provides effective theoretical support for the acoustic wave detection of rock mass. (2) This invention can be used not only in laboratory environments but also in actual engineering sites, such as tunnel surrounding rock quality evaluation, mine rock mass stability assessment, and geological disaster site investigation. The mobile assembly can integrate devices such as a three-dimensional laser scanner. Through the non-contact feature information scanning of the three-dimensional laser scanner, combined with the contact mechanical acoustic wave detection method, it can comprehensively acquire rock mass information from multiple dimensions, providing more comprehensive data support for rock mass quality assessment, stability analysis, defect detection, rock mass classification and confirmation. Attached Figure Description

[0014] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure; Figure 2 It is a side view; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram showing the impact block at the top. Detailed Implementation

[0015] The following will be based on the embodiments of this utility model. Figures 1-3 The technical solutions in the embodiments of this utility model are clearly and completely described. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this utility model, and not all embodiments. Unless otherwise specified, the technical means used in the embodiments are conventional means well known to those skilled in the art.

[0016] A rock mass detection device based on mechanical acoustic wave detection includes a moving assembly 3, a rotating disk 9, a fixed disk 10, a driving device, an impact block 11, and an acoustic sensor. The rotating assembly 3 is rotatably connected to the rotating disk 9. One side of the rotating disk 9 is connected to the driving device for driving its rotation. The other side of the rotating disk 9 is provided with a circular groove. The fixed disk 10 is disposed in the circular groove. The fixed disk 10 is fixedly connected to the moving assembly 3. The rotating disk 9 and the fixed disk 10 are coaxially arranged. The rotating disk 9 is provided with at least two positioning through holes 901, which are connected to the circular groove. The fixed disk 10 is provided with a vertical guide through hole 101, and the two positioning through holes 901 are distributed on the upper and lower sides of the guide through hole 101. The rotating disk 9 is used to rotate so that the positioning through holes 901 pass through the upper and lower sides of the guide through hole 101 in sequence. The positioning through hole 901 is used to set the impact block 11. The impact block 11 is used to fall from the uppermost positioning through hole 901, pass through the guide through hole 101 and the lowermost positioning through hole 901, and finally impact the rock mass 1, forming sound waves that are collected by the sound sensor.

[0017] When this utility model performs detection, it is a fixed-point detection. After the moving assembly 3 moves to the predetermined position, the driving device is activated to drive the rotating disk 9 to rotate. The rotating disk 9 rotates until the positioning through hole 901 is aligned with the guide through hole 101, with one of the positioning through holes 901 at the top and the other at the bottom. The impact block 11 in the uppermost positioning through hole 901 falls under the action of gravity, passes through the guide through hole 101 and the lowermost positioning through hole 901 in sequence, and finally impacts the detection surface of the rock mass 1 vertically. The mechanical sound wave generated by the impact is collected in real time by the sound sensor. The rotating disk 9 continues to rotate at a fixed angle to realize the periodic falling impact of the impact block 11, thus completing the continuous mechanical sound wave detection of the rock mass.

[0018] This utility model is a purely mechanical acoustic wave detection structure. It relies on the gravitational potential energy of the impact block 11 to convert into mechanical impact kinetic energy. The acoustic wave signal generated by the impact on the rock mass can directly reflect the physical characteristics of the rock mass. The alignment of the positioning through hole 901 and the guide through hole 101 provides a vertical falling channel for the impact block 11, ensuring that the position, angle and force of the impact are consistent. No other parts work during the impact process, minimizing noise. It can be used for experimental verification of the internal structure information of the rock mass, to collect different acoustic waves generated when there are different grooves, gaps and other defects in the rock mass 1. It provides effective theoretical support for the acoustic wave detection of rock mass.

[0019] In this invention, rock mass 1 can be constructed by stacking multiple plates. Different grooves, gaps, and other defects can be pre-processed between different plates to simulate the complex structure of real rock masses. By changing different combinations of plates, various rock mass models with different internal characteristics can be constructed. Different plates can be made of different materials, such as granite, limestone, and sandstone. Furthermore, different plates have different hardnesses, resulting in differences in the acoustic characteristics they produce. During the experiment, acoustic wave detection can be performed on rock masses 1 with different hardnesses to explore the function of classifying and identifying rock masses 1 through acoustic wave detection.

[0020] Furthermore, the mobile assembly 3 can also integrate devices such as a 3D laser scanner, a detection light, and a camera; enabling scanning of the 3D morphology of the rock mass 1, detection of surface features, and real-time image recording. Therefore, this invention can be used not only in laboratory environments but also in actual engineering sites, such as tunnel surrounding rock quality evaluation, mine rock mass stability assessment, and geological disaster site investigation. Through the non-contact feature information scanning of the 3D laser scanner, combined with the contact-type mechanical acoustic wave detection method of this invention, rock mass information can be comprehensively obtained from multiple dimensions, providing more comprehensive data support for rock mass quality assessment, stability analysis, defect detection, rock mass classification, and confirmation.

[0021] Furthermore, the number of positioning through holes 901 is an even number, and they are evenly distributed around the circumference of the rotating disk 9; the number of impact blocks 11 is half the number of positioning through holes 901; the driving device is used to drive the rotating disk 9 to rotate by the angle between two adjacent positioning through holes 901 each time.

[0022] The present invention preferably has 6 positioning through holes 901 and 3 impact blocks 11. The impact blocks 11 are distributed on one side of the rotating disk 9 and fall off in sequence as the rotating disk 9 rotates. Therefore, the driving device drives the rotating disk 9 to rotate 60° each time and pauses for 1-2 seconds to allow the impact blocks 11 to fall completely.

[0023] Furthermore, the impact block 11 is made of a non-magnetic material and has a mounting through hole, in which a magnetic post 111 is fixedly connected; the outer side of the impact block 11 has an annular groove, in which a magnetic metal ring 112 is disposed; the inner side of the positioning through hole 901 is fixedly connected to a positioning magnet 902, which is used to attract the magnetic metal ring 112 to fix it in the positioning through hole 901.

[0024] The magnetic attraction between the magnetic metal ring 112 and the positioning magnet 902 fixes the impact block 11 in the positioning through hole 901 and overcomes the influence of the gravity of the impact block 11, so that the impact block 11 will not fall off when it rotates with the rotating disk 9.

[0025] Furthermore, a driving magnet 5 is provided above the rotating disk 9; when the impact block 11 is located in the uppermost positioning through hole 901, the driving magnet 5 has the same magnetic pole at the opposite end of the magnetic column 111, so as to push the impact block 11 to fall.

[0026] The driving magnet 5 can be an electromagnet or a permanent magnet, preferably an electromagnet. When the impact block 11 is in position, the driving magnet 5 is activated, and the resulting magnetic repulsive force counteracts the magnetic attraction force of the positioning magnet 902, while simultaneously providing a downward thrust to the impact block 11. It should be noted that the repulsive force generated by the driving magnet 5 is much greater than the magnetic attraction force of the positioning magnet 902. This invention designs the impact block 11 to be made of a non-magnetic material, the purpose of which is to ensure that the impact block 11 does not generate magnetic attraction with the driving magnet 5, and since there is a gap between the driving magnet 5 and the magnetic metal ring 112, the magnetic attraction between them is negligible, thus maximizing the repulsive force effect generated by the driving magnet 5. The impact block 11 can be supported by non-magnetic metals, plastics, etc. The magnetic metal ring 112 is made of magnetic metal.

[0027] Furthermore, the drive magnet 5 is mounted on the support base 6, which is connected to the lifting platform 8 via a connecting rod 7, for adjusting the height of the drive magnet 5.

[0028] The lifting platform 8 can be equipped with guide rails or pins of different heights. The height of the bearing seat 6 and the drive magnet 5 can be adjusted by connecting the connecting rod 7 to the guide rail or by engaging the pin hole. This allows for adjustment of the distance between the drive magnet 5 and the impact block 11, maximizing the repulsive force. The height of the guide plate 4 can also be adjusted to adjust the distance between the guide plate 4 and the impact block 11, so that the impact block 11 fits against the fixed plate 10.

[0029] Furthermore, the bearing seat 6 is fixedly connected to the guide plate 4, which is located above the rotating disk 9. The inner side of the guide plate 4 is arc-shaped. From the bottom to the top of the guide plate 4, the distance between the inner side of the guide plate 4 and the outer side of the rotating disk 9 gradually decreases. The guide plate 4 is located on the rotation path of the impact block 11, and the inner side of the guide plate 4 is used to abut against the outer end of the impact block 11, so that the inner end of the impact block 11 fits against the outer side of the fixed disk 10.

[0030] When the rotating disk 9 drives the impact block 11 to move circumferentially, the outer end of the impact block 11 abuts against the arc-shaped inner surface of the guide plate 4. As the rotating disk rotates, the impact block 11 gradually moves towards the fixed disk 10 along the arc-shaped surface until its inner end is in contact with the outer surface of the fixed disk 10, thus ensuring that the falling height of the impact block 11 is consistent. An elastic rubber layer can be provided on the inner surface of the guide plate 4 to avoid interference caused by rigid contact.

[0031] Furthermore, the bottom of the mobile assembly 3 is equipped with multiple Mecanum wheels 2 for walking. The Mecanum wheels 2 are existing technology. Preferably, four Mecanum wheels 2 are provided and distributed at the four ends of the mobile assembly 3. Each Mecanum wheel 2 is connected to a corresponding motor to realize the omnidirectional walking function of the Mecanum wheel 2.

[0032] Furthermore, the movable assembly 3 is provided with a hollow portion 301, and both the rotating disk 9 and the fixed disk 10 are located within the hollow portion 301. A fixing rod 102 is fixedly connected to the side of the fixed disk 10 away from the rotating disk 9, and the fixing rod 102 is fixedly connected to the movable assembly 3. A rotating shaft 903 is fixedly connected to the side of the rotating disk 9 away from the fixed disk 10, and the rotating shaft 903 is connected to the drive device.

[0033] The bottoms of the rotating disk 9 and the fixed disk 10 pass through the hollow portion 301 and are located below the movable assembly 3, making the gap between the bottom of the rotating disk 9 and the rock mass 1 smaller, so that when the impact block 11 impacts, the top of the impact block 11 remains within the positioning through hole 901. The driving device is existing technology, such as a servo motor 904.

[0034] Furthermore, the bottom of the fixed plate 10 is fixedly connected to the detection tube 12, the sound sensor is located at the end of the detection tube 12, and the detection tube 12 is located next to the positioning through hole 901 at the bottom.

[0035] The sound sensor is fixed by the detection tube 12, which is placed next to the impact block 11 or the rebound post 14 to collect impact sound to the maximum extent. The sound sensor is existing technology, preferably a piezoelectric sound sensor, and its working principle and data storage method are existing technology.

[0036] The embodiments described above are merely preferred embodiments of the present utility model and are not intended to limit the scope of the present utility model. Any modifications, alterations, alterations, or substitutions made by those skilled in the art to the technical solutions of the present utility model without departing from the spirit of the present utility model shall fall within the protection scope defined by the claims of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A rock mass detection device based on mechanical acoustic wave detection, characterized in that, It includes a moving assembly (3), a rotating disk (9), a fixed disk (10), a drive unit, an impact block (11), and a sound sensor; The rotating assembly (3) is rotatably connected to the rotating disk (9). One side of the rotating disk (9) is connected to the driving device for driving its rotation. The other side of the rotating disk (9) is provided with a circular groove. The fixed disk (10) is disposed in the circular groove. The fixed disk (10) is fixedly connected to the moving assembly (3). The rotating disk (9) and the fixed disk (10) are coaxially arranged. The rotating disk (9) is provided with at least two positioning through holes (901), which are connected to the circular groove. The fixed disk (10) is provided with a vertical guide through hole (101), and the two positioning through holes (901) are distributed on the upper and lower sides of the guide through hole (101). The rotating disk (9) is used to rotate so that the positioning through holes (901) pass through the upper and lower sides of the guide through hole (101) in sequence. The positioning through hole (901) is used to set the impact block (11). The impact block (11) is used to fall from the uppermost positioning through hole (901) and pass through the guide through hole (101) and the lowermost positioning through hole (901) to finally hit the rock mass (1) and form sound waves that are collected by the sound sensor.

2. The rock mass detection device based on mechanical acoustic wave detection according to claim 1, characterized in that, The number of positioning through holes (901) is an even number, and they are evenly distributed around the circumference of the rotating disk (9); the number of impact blocks (11) is half the number of positioning through holes (901); the driving device is used to drive the rotating disk (9) to rotate by an angle between two adjacent positioning through holes (901) each time.

3. The rock mass detection device based on mechanical acoustic wave detection according to claim 1, characterized in that, The impact block (11) is made of a non-magnetic material and has an installation through hole. A magnetic column (111) is fixedly connected in the installation through hole. An annular groove is provided on the outer side of the impact block (11), and a magnetic metal ring (112) is provided in the annular groove. A positioning magnet (902) is fixedly connected to the inner side of the positioning through hole (901). The positioning magnet (902) is used to attract the magnetic metal ring (112) to fix it in the positioning through hole (901).

4. A rock mass detection device based on mechanical acoustic wave detection according to claim 3, characterized in that, A driving magnet (5) is provided above the rotating disk (9); when the impact block (11) is located in the uppermost positioning through hole (901), the driving magnet (5) has the same magnetic pole at the opposite end of the magnetic column (111) to push the impact block (11) to fall.

5. A rock mass detection device based on mechanical acoustic wave detection according to claim 4, characterized in that, The drive magnet (5) is mounted on the support seat (6), which is connected to the lifting platform (8) via a connecting rod (7) for adjusting the height of the drive magnet (5).

6. A rock mass detection device based on mechanical acoustic wave detection according to claim 5, characterized in that, The bearing seat (6) is fixedly connected to the guide plate (4), which is located above the rotating disk (9). The inner side of the guide plate (4) is arc-shaped. From the bottom to the top of the guide plate (4), the distance between the inner side of the guide plate (4) and the outer side of the rotating disk (9) gradually decreases. The guide plate (4) is located on the rotation path of the impact block (11), and the inner side of the guide plate (4) is used to abut against the outer end of the impact block (11), so that the inner end of the impact block (11) fits against the outer side of the fixed disk (10).

7. A rock mass detection device based on mechanical acoustic wave detection according to claim 1, characterized in that, The bottom of the mobility assembly (3) is fitted with multiple Mecanum wheels (2) for walking.

8. A rock mass detection device based on mechanical acoustic wave detection according to claim 1, characterized in that, The movable assembly (3) is provided with a hollow part (301), the rotating disk (9) and the fixed disk (10) are both located in the hollow part (301), the fixed disk (10) is fixedly connected to a fixed rod (102) on the side away from the rotating disk (9), and the fixed rod (102) is fixedly connected to the movable assembly (3); the rotating disk (9) is fixedly connected to a rotating shaft (903) on the side away from the fixed disk (10), and the rotating shaft (903) is connected to the drive device.

9. A rock mass detection device based on mechanical acoustic wave detection according to claim 1, characterized in that, The bottom of the fixed plate (10) is fixedly connected to the probe tube (12), the sound sensor is located at the end of the probe tube (12), and the probe tube (12) is located next to the positioning through hole (901) at the bottom.

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