On-line measuring device for the concentration and flux of a gas released by an environmental medium

Abstract

The utility model provides a kind of for environmental medium release gas concentration and flux's on-line measuring device, including multiple gas permeation cavities, multiple gas inlet tubes, multiple gas outlet tubes, zero gas / standard gas generator and gas analyzer, multiple gas permeation cavities are sequentially stacked along height direction, gas permeation cavity has the chamber for collecting gas and the permeation mouth being communicated with chamber, permeation mouth is covered with filter material, and the circumferential side of filter material is sealingly connected to gas permeation cavity, and gas permeation cavity is provided with gas inlet and gas outlet;Gas inlet tube is connected to gas inlet;Gas outlet tube is connected to gas outlet;Zero gas / standard gas generator is connected to the end portion of gas inlet tube away from gas inlet;Gas analyzer is connected to the end portion of gas outlet tube away from gas outlet.The utility model can realize the on-line collection and measurement to the gas concentration and release flux released by different environmental medium, and can be effectively used for the high-precision and high-time resolution on-line measurement and analysis of the gas concentration and release flux released by different environmental medium.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of gas concentration and flux measurement technology, and more specifically, to an online measurement device for the concentration and flux of gases released from environmental media. Background Technology

[0002] The Earth's environmental media, including water, soil, gases, rocks, and ice, are constantly exchanging matter. In particular, volatile gaseous components can be released from solid or liquid media and migrate and transform between different environmental media. However, accurately measuring and studying the concentration and flux of gaseous components released in a specific environmental medium is a highly challenging technical task. Furthermore, due to the heterogeneity of environmental media, even within the same medium, differences in structure and composition lead to varying effects from environmental conditions such as light, electromagnetic fields, temperature, and microorganisms. Therefore, even for the same gaseous component, the release rate and flux from different stratified environmental media will differ. Currently, techniques for measuring the concentration and flux of released gases in environmental media, especially stratified measurements, are primarily focused on soil, while measurements of the concentration and flux of released gases in other environmental media are still very limited.

[0003] Currently, there is no universally applicable technology and device for measuring gas release concentration and flux across different environmental media. Relatively mature related technologies are mainly used for measuring soil gas concentration and flux. The primary method for measuring soil gas release concentration and flux is based on measuring gas release from the soil surface using a flux chamber. This typically involves placing a flux chamber with a fixed shape (circular or square) and side length over the soil surface. The flux chamber has an inlet and an outlet. A vacuum pump draws gas from the outlet of the flux chamber and sends it to a gas analyzer to measure its concentration. This concentration is then combined with measurements of the gas concentration outside the flux chamber to calculate the gas release flux from the soil surface. For measuring the release concentration and flux of gases inside the soil, a perforated flux bottle (flux cylinder) is typically buried in the soil. A vacuum pump then draws gas from the inside of the flux bottle to measure the release concentration and flux of gases inside the soil.

[0004] Existing flux chamber or flux cylinder techniques primarily target the measurement of soil gas concentration and flux. However, the contact surface between the flux chamber and the soil is not sufficiently tight, allowing external atmosphere to easily enter and leading to inaccurate measurements of soil gas concentration and flux. For measuring internal soil gas concentration and flux, flux bottles or cylinders can only be buried at a fixed depth, allowing measurements at a single point and preventing measurements of gas concentration and flux across continuous soil profiles. Due to the high heterogeneity of soil and varying environmental conditions, single-flux bottle measurement techniques cannot accurately measure the composition, concentration, and flux of gases at different depths. While some techniques can collect gases from different soil layers, the collection process is highly complex, requiring manual injection, degassing, extraction, and storage before transporting the gas to the laboratory for concentration measurement. These cumbersome manual operations reduce analytical accuracy and temporal resolution, introduce human error, and increase the cost of measurement and analysis.

[0005] Aside from soil, which has relevant gas analysis technologies, there is a significant lack of technologies for measuring the concentration and flux of released gases in other environmental media (water, air, rocks, snow, etc.) and biological tissues, and even a complete lack of technology for certain special environmental media. Therefore, it is extremely important and necessary to develop a technology and device for online measurement of gas release concentration and flux that can be widely used in different environmental media. Utility Model Content

[0006] (a) Technical problems to be solved The technical problem to be solved by this invention is to achieve the gas release concentration and flux in different environmental media.

[0007] (II) Technical Solution To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by this utility model is as follows: This invention provides an online measurement device for the concentration and flux of gases released from environmental media. The device includes multiple gas permeation chambers, multiple inlet pipes, multiple outlet pipes, a zero / standard gas generator, and a gas analyzer. The multiple gas permeation chambers are stacked sequentially along their height. Each gas permeation chamber has a chamber for collecting gas and a permeation port connected to the chamber. The permeation port is covered with a filter material, which is circumferentially sealed to the gas permeation chamber. The top of each gas permeation chamber also has an inlet and an outlet. The multiple inlet pipes are connected one-to-one to the inlets of the multiple gas permeation chambers. The multiple outlet pipes are also connected one-to-one to the outlets of the multiple gas permeation chambers. The zero / standard gas generator is connected to the end of the inlet pipe opposite to the inlet. The gas analyzer is connected to the end of the outlet pipe opposite to the outlet. This technical solution enables online gas collection for different environmental media layers, avoiding human error and improving time resolution and accuracy. The stacked design supports continuous profile measurement, overcoming the limitations of single-point measurement.

[0008] Preferably, the system further includes a multi-way solenoid valve and a first pipeline. The multi-way solenoid valve has multiple ports, one end of the first pipeline is connected to one of these ports, the other end of the first pipeline is connected to the zero / standard gas generator, and the remaining ports are connected to multiple outlet pipes respectively. Through this technical solution, the gas path of different chambers is automatically switched by the solenoid valve, achieving multi-channel cyclic measurement, reducing equipment redundancy, and improving automation and efficiency.

[0009] Preferably, the system further includes a mass flow controller, which is mounted on the first pipeline. This technical solution precisely controls the gas flow rate, ensures measurement stability, reduces errors caused by flow fluctuations, and is suitable for high-precision flux calculations.

[0010] Preferably, the system further includes a multi-port connector and a second conduit. The multi-port connector has multiple interfaces, one end of the second conduit is connected to one of these interfaces, the other end of the second conduit is connected to the gas analyzer, and the remaining interfaces are connected to multiple inlet pipes respectively. This technical solution optimizes gas distribution, ensures uniform gas entry into the analyzer from each chamber, avoids cross-contamination, and improves data consistency.

[0011] Preferably, the system further includes a cylinder wall and a headspace cap. The cylinder wall is circumferentially provided with the inlet, and the cylinder wall has internal threads. The headspace cap has external threads, and the external threads are threadedly connected to the internal threads, so that the filter material is circumferentially sealed to the gas permeation chamber. This technical solution enhances sealing performance, prevents the intrusion of external media (such as moisture), and ensures that only gas is collected. The threaded design facilitates installation and maintenance, improving practicality.

[0012] Preferably, the cavity of the multi-way solenoid valve, the first pipe, the multi-way connector, the second pipe, the gas leakage chamber, the inlet pipe, the outlet pipe, the cylinder wall, and the headspace cover are all made of Teflon. Through the above technical solution, Teflon possesses corrosion resistance and low adsorption properties, preventing gas components from being adsorbed by the pipe wall, making it particularly suitable for volatile gases (such as mercury), ensuring measurement accuracy.

[0013] Preferably, the filter material comprises a layered metal support mesh and a Teflon filter membrane. Through this technical solution, the metal support mesh provides mechanical strength, while the Teflon filter membrane is hydrophobic, effectively blocking moisture and particulate matter while allowing only gas permeation, thus improving sample purity.

[0014] Preferably, the metal support mesh is made of titanium or nickel. Through the above technical solution, titanium and nickel are corrosion-resistant and rust-proof, extending the lifespan of the device and making them suitable for humid or chemically active environments (such as water bodies and acidic soils).

[0015] Preferably, the gas permeation chamber is a cube, with permeation ports formed on each of its four peripheral walls. This technical solution increases the gas permeation area and improves collection efficiency; the symmetrical design facilitates stacking and installation, enhancing structural stability.

[0016] Preferably, the diameter of the inlet is 25 cm.

[0017] (III) Beneficial Effects The above-mentioned technical solution of this utility model has at least the following advantages: The online measurement device for the concentration and flux of gases released from environmental media provided by this utility model can realize the online acquisition and measurement of the concentration and flux of gases released from different environmental media. It can be effectively used for high-precision and high-time-resolution online measurement and analysis of the concentration and flux of gases released from different environmental media, thereby providing scientific and technical methods and support for more accurate research and evaluation of the concentration level and pollution status of gases released from different environmental media, as well as for governance, and for addressing the risks brought about by climate change. Attached Figure Description

[0018] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this utility model, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an online measurement device for the concentration and flux of gases released from an environmental medium, provided in an embodiment of this utility model.

[0020] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view of the gas permeation cavity structure provided in this embodiment of the utility model.

[0021] The labels for the attached figures are as follows: 1. Infiltration chamber; 2. Inlet pipe; 3. Outlet pipe; 4. Zero / standard gas generator; 5. Gas analyzer; 7. Mass flow controller; 11. Chamber; 12. Infiltration port; 13. Filter material; 14. Inlet; 15. Outlet; 16. Cylinder wall; 17. Headspace cover; 61. Multi-port solenoid valve; 62. First pipe; 81. Multi-port connector; 82. Second pipe; 131. Metal support mesh; 132. Teflon filter membrane. Detailed Implementation

[0022] To make the technical problems, technical solutions, and beneficial effects of this utility model clearer, the present utility model will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the present utility model and are not intended to limit the present utility model.

[0023] It should be noted that when a component is referred to as "fixed to" or "set on" another component, it can be located directly on or indirectly on the other component. When a component is referred to as "connected to" another component, it can be directly or indirectly connected to the other component.

[0024] It should be understood that the terms "length", "width", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", and "outer" indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this utility model and do not indicate that the device or element must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this utility model.

[0025] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating relative importance or the number of technical features. In the description of this utility model, "a plurality of" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified. The specific implementation of this utility model is described in more detail below with reference to specific embodiments: like Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, this utility model embodiment provides an online measurement device for the concentration and flux of gases released from an environmental medium, including multiple permeation chambers 1, multiple inlet pipes 2, multiple outlet pipes 3, a zero / standard gas generator 4, and a gas analyzer 5. The multiple permeation chambers 1 are stacked sequentially along the height direction. Each permeation chamber 1 has a chamber 11 for collecting gas and a permeation port 12 connected to the chamber 11. The permeation port 12 is covered with a filter material 13, and the periphery of the filter material 13 is sealed to the permeation chamber 1. The top of the permeation chamber 1 is also provided with an inlet port 14 and an outlet port 15. The multiple inlet pipes 2 are respectively connected to the inlet ports 14 of the multiple permeation chambers 1. The multiple outlet pipes 3 are respectively connected to the outlet ports 15 of the multiple permeation chambers 1. The zero / standard gas generator 4 is connected to the end of the inlet pipe 2 away from the inlet port 14. The gas analyzer 5 is connected to the end of the outlet pipe 3 away from the outlet port 15.

[0026] In one embodiment, the system also includes a multi-way solenoid valve 61 and a first pipe 62. The multi-way solenoid valve 61 has multiple ports. One end of the first pipe 62 is connected to one of the ports, and the other end of the first pipe 62 is connected to the zero / standard gas generator 4. The remaining ports are connected to multiple gas outlet pipes 3 respectively.

[0027] In one embodiment, a mass flow controller 7 is also included, which is disposed on the first pipe 62.

[0028] In one embodiment, the system also includes a multi-port connector 81 and a second pipe 82. The multi-port connector 81 has multiple interfaces, one end of the second pipe 82 is connected to one of the interfaces, the other end of the second pipe 82 is connected to the gas analyzer 5, and the remaining interfaces are connected to the multiple air inlet pipes 2 one by one.

[0029] In one embodiment, the device also includes a cylinder wall 16 and a headspace cap 17. The cylinder wall 16 is provided around the inlet 12. The cylinder wall 16 is provided with internal threads, and the headspace cap 17 is provided with external threads. The external threads are threaded to the internal threads so that the circumferential side of the filter material 13 is sealed to the air inlet cavity.

[0030] In one embodiment, the cavity of the multi-way solenoid valve 61, the first pipe 62, the multi-way connector 81, the second pipe 82, the gas permeation chamber 1, the inlet pipe 2, the outlet pipe 3, the cylinder wall 16, and the headspace cover 17 are all made of Teflon.

[0031] In one embodiment, the filter material 13 includes a stacked metal support mesh 131 and a Teflon filter membrane 132.

[0032] In one embodiment, the metal support mesh 131 is made of titanium or nickel.

[0033] In one embodiment, the gas permeation cavity 1 is a cube, and the four sides of the cube are provided with permeation ports 12.

[0034] In one embodiment, the diameter of the inlet 12 is 25 cm.

[0035] Specifically, such as Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, in this embodiment, the number of permeation chambers 1 is preferably 3. The overall cavity with a height of 90cm and a length and width of 10cm is divided into three permeation chambers 1. The top and bottom are sealed, and a sealed partition is set between each layer. Each permeation chamber 1 is 30cm high. The four walls of the permeation chamber 1 have circular permeation ports 12 with a diameter of 25cm. The cylinder wall 16 is 5cm higher than the walls of the permeation chamber 1. The front end of the inner wall of the cylinder wall 16 has an internal thread with a length of 3cm. A specially made corresponding headspace cover 17 can be screwed onto the permeation port 12. After the headspace cover 17 is tightened, it can press the Teflon filter membrane 132 with a pore size of 0.1µm (micrometer) and fix it on the metal support mesh 131. The diameter of the opening in the middle of the headspace cover 17 is 20cm. Each permeation chamber 1 has an inlet 14 and an outlet 15 at its top. The inlet 14 is connected to a multi-port connector 81 (preferably a Teflon four-way connector) via a 1 / 4-inch Teflon inlet pipe 2. The multi-port connector 81 is then connected to a zero / standard gas generator 4. The outlet 15 is connected to a multi-port solenoid valve 61 (four-way solenoid valve) via a 1 / 4-inch Teflon outlet pipe 3. The multi-port solenoid valve 61 is connected to a mass flow controller 7 (MFC) to control the gas flow. The mass flow controller 7 is then connected to a gas analyzer 5, thereby drawing gas from different permeation chambers 1 into the gas analyzer 5 for measurement. Each permeation chamber 1, its partitions, and the headspace cover are all made of Teflon to prevent moisture corrosion and gas leakage between different chambers. The metal support mesh of the permeation port is made of titanium or nickel mesh to prevent rust and corrosion. Other fittings and connectors, as well as the gas chamber of the multi-port solenoid valve 61, are also made of Teflon to prevent the adsorption of certain special analyte gases (such as mercury).

[0036] The specific implementation steps of this embodiment are as follows: Connect the inlet and outlet of each gas permeation chamber 1 to a 1 / 4-inch Teflon tube (inlet tube 2 / outlet tube 3). Connect the inlet tube 2 to a Teflon multi-port connector 81, and the outlet tube 3 to a multi-port solenoid valve 62. Then, place the multi-layer gas permeation chamber 1 with the connected pipes into the location to be measured in the environmental medium to be measured. For example, if the concentration and flux of gas released from water need to be measured, place it in the water; if the concentration and flux of gas released from ice and snow need to be measured, place it in the ice and snow; and so on for other environmental media. After fixing the gas permeation chamber 1, the gas in the environmental medium can permeate into the chamber of the gas permeation chamber 1 through the Teflon filter membrane 132 of the permeation port 12. The hydrophobic Teflon filter membrane 132 can prevent moisture from entering the chamber of the gas permeation chamber 1. Depending on the gas composition to be measured, the standard gas or zero gas generator to be measured can be connected to the multi-port connector 81, or an inert gas, high-purity argon, can be connected in between. Then, the multi-port solenoid valve 61 is connected to the gas analyzer 5 for the gas to be measured after passing through the mass flow controller 7. By setting a program to control the three channels of the multi-port solenoid valve 61 to open and close cyclically at regular intervals, and then running the gas analyzer 5, setting the analysis time of a single sample to be consistent with the opening and closing time of a single channel of the four-way solenoid valve, accurate measurement of the concentration of released gas in the environmental medium can be achieved. Based on the average gas concentration (C) measured by the gas analyzer 5 over a certain time (T) and the sample gas flow rate (S) set by the mass flow controller 7, the release flux (F) of the measured gas in each permeation chamber 1 within time T can be calculated using the following formula: F = C × T × S / 4 × π × r 2 In the formula, r is the radius of the central hole of the headspace cap on the permeable port. Since each of the four walls of each permeable cavity has a permeable port, the total area of ​​the permeable ports in each permeable cavity is four times the area of ​​a single permeable port. The number of layers of permeable cavities and the height of each permeable cavity can be modified according to the location of the environmental medium to be measured. If the environmental medium is layered finely enough, the permeable cavity can be designed and manufactured with four or more layers, and corresponding Teflon multi-port and multi-port solenoid valves can be selected.

[0037] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present utility model and is not intended to limit the present utility model. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present utility model should be included within the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. An online measurement device for the concentration and flux of gases released from an environmental medium, characterized in that, include: Multiple gas permeation chambers are stacked sequentially along the height direction. Each gas permeation chamber has a chamber for collecting gas and a permeation port connected to the chamber. The permeation port is covered with filter material, and the filter material is sealed to the periphery of the gas permeation chamber. The top of the gas permeation chamber is also provided with an air inlet and an air outlet. Multiple air inlet pipes are connected one-to-one to the air inlets of multiple air permeation chambers; Multiple vent pipes are connected one-to-one to the vents of multiple air-permeable chambers; A zero / standard gas generator is connected to the end of the air inlet pipe opposite to the air inlet. A gas analyzer is connected to the end of the gas outlet pipe opposite to the gas outlet.

2. The online measurement device for the concentration and flux of gases released from environmental media as described in claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a multi-way solenoid valve and a first pipeline. The multi-way solenoid valve has multiple ports. One end of the first pipeline is connected to one of the ports, and the other end of the first pipeline is connected to the zero gas / standard gas generator. The remaining ports are connected to multiple gas outlet pipes one by one.

3. The online measurement device for the concentration and flux of gases released from environmental media as described in claim 2, characterized in that, It also includes a mass flow controller, which is located on the first pipe.

4. The online measurement device for the concentration and flux of gases released from environmental media as described in claim 2, characterized in that, It also includes a multi-port connector and a second pipe. The multi-port connector has multiple interfaces. One end of the second pipe is connected to one of the interfaces, and the other end of the second pipe is connected to the gas analyzer. The remaining interfaces are connected to multiple air inlet pipes one by one.

5. The online measurement device for the concentration and flux of gases released from environmental media as described in claim 4, characterized in that, It also includes a cylinder wall and a headspace cover. The cylinder wall is circumferentially provided with the infiltration port. The cylinder wall is provided with internal threads. The headspace cover is provided with external threads. The external threads are threaded to the internal threads so that the circumferential side of the filter material is sealed to the air infiltration chamber.

6. The online measurement device for the concentration and flux of gases released from an environmental medium as described in claim 5, characterized in that, The cavity of the multi-way solenoid valve, the first pipe, the multi-way connector, the second pipe, the gas leakage cavity, the air inlet pipe, the air outlet pipe, the cylinder wall, and the headspace cover are all made of Teflon.

7. The online measurement device for the concentration and flux of gases released from environmental media as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The filter material includes a layered metal support mesh and a Teflon filter membrane.

8. The online measurement device for the concentration and flux of gases released from an environmental medium as described in claim 7, characterized in that, The metal support mesh is made of titanium or nickel.

9. The online measurement device for the concentration and flux of gases released from an environmental medium as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The gas permeation chamber is a cube, and the four sides of the cube are provided with permeation ports.

10. The online measurement device for the concentration and flux of gases released from an environmental medium as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The diameter of the inlet is 25cm.

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