High-precision anti-interference reflective ultrasonic anemometer

Abstract

The utility model discloses a meteorological monitoring and environmental sensing technical field's high accuracy anti -interference type reflection formula ultrasonic anemometer, include: probe mounting seat, ultrasonic probe, support and reflection surface, the reflection surface is located the top of probe mounting seat to be fixedly connected through the even arrangement of multiple supports around probe mounting seat edge, at least two groups of ultrasonic probes are fixed on the probe mounting seat, and are arranged on two axes that are mutually orthogonal respectively, the reflection surface is connected with support top end through two -stage leveling mechanism, two -stage leveling mechanism includes primary coarse adjustment mechanism and secondary fine adjustment mechanism, and primary coarse adjustment mechanism is spherical universal joint connecting assembly. The utility model discloses through the two -stage leveling mechanism of precision, has guaranteed the reflection surface and probe mounting seat between long -term and keeps the extremely high parallelism, has fundamentally reduced the system error caused by the installation deviation, to obtain more accurate, more stable wind speed and direction data.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to a high-precision anti-interference type reflective ultrasonic anemometer and wind direction meter, belonging to the field of meteorological monitoring and environmental sensing technology. Background Technology

[0002] Reflective ultrasonic anemometers calculate wind speed and direction by measuring the time difference of ultrasonic waves propagation along a fixed path. They are widely used due to their advantages such as having no moving parts and low starting wind speed.

[0003] Traditional instruments of this type typically consist of a probe mount, an ultrasonic probe, a support bracket, and a reflective surface, forming a basic framework. However, in practical applications, the parallelism between the reflective surface and the probe mount is difficult to precisely adjust and maintain over a long period during installation; even minor installation deviations can introduce significant measurement errors. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the existing technology and provide a high-precision anti-interference reflective ultrasonic anemometer, which has the characteristics of reasonable structure, excellent aerodynamic performance, high leveling accuracy and strong environmental adaptability.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model employs the following technical solution:

[0006] In a first aspect, this utility model provides a high-precision, anti-interference, reflective ultrasonic anemometer, comprising: a probe mounting base, an ultrasonic probe, a bracket, and a reflective surface. The reflective surface is located above the probe mounting base and is fixedly connected to it by a plurality of brackets evenly arranged around the edge of the probe mounting base. At least two sets of ultrasonic probes are fixed on the probe mounting base and are respectively arranged on two mutually orthogonal axes. The reflective surface is connected to the top of the bracket through a two-stage leveling mechanism. The two-stage leveling mechanism includes a primary coarse adjustment mechanism and a secondary fine adjustment mechanism. The primary coarse adjustment mechanism is a spherical universal joint connection assembly, including a ball joint support fixed to the top of the bracket, a ball joint connecting rod connected to the center of the back of the reflective surface, and a pressure cap that applies a controllable preload to the ball joint by screwing. The secondary fine adjustment mechanism consists of at least three fine adjustment screw units evenly distributed on the circumference of the back plate of the reflective surface. It overcomes the micro-elastic constraint provided by the primary coarse adjustment mechanism by pushing and corrects the flatness and parallelism of the reflective surface.

[0007] Furthermore, the body of the probe mounting base is an inverted shallow conical or dome-shaped structure with a smooth downward transition at the edge to connect with the bracket.

[0008] Furthermore, the upper surface of the probe mounting base is provided with an integrally formed annular flow guide dam around each ultrasonic probe. The flow guide dam adopts an asymmetrical streamlined cross section, and its height gradually decreases from the vicinity of the ultrasonic probe to the outside.

[0009] Furthermore, the bracket is a variable cross-section streamlined structure with a laminar airfoil or teardrop cross-section, and the inner side of the bracket is designed with a smooth flow guiding surface. The connection between the bracket and the probe mounting base adopts an embedded reinforced flange structure.

[0010] Furthermore, the ball head support has a hemispherical bowl-shaped bearing seat inside, and the inner surface of the bearing seat is inlaid with a low-friction wear-resistant bushing or lubricated with grease; one end of the ball head connecting rod is a high-precision ground ball head, and the other end is connected to the center of the back of the reflective surface; the pressure cap is a component with an inner conical surface, which is connected by thread or bolt to provide controllable clamping force.

[0011] Furthermore, each of the aforementioned fine-tuning screw units includes a fine-threaded fine-tuning screw body, a bidirectional locking mechanism for reliable locking after fine-tuning, and a protective cap for dust and water protection.

[0012] Furthermore, the edge of the reflective surface is provided with an integrated downward-extending guide vane.

[0013] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects achieved by this utility model are as follows:

[0014] This design employs a precise two-stage leveling mechanism to ensure a consistently high degree of parallelism between the reflector and the probe mount, fundamentally reducing systematic errors caused by installation deviations and resulting in more accurate and stable wind speed and direction data. The design of the flow-guiding dike and reflector eaves effectively prevents rain and snow accumulation and dust buildup on critical optical and acoustic surfaces, maintaining signal transmission and reception efficiency. Excellent sealing design and the use of corrosion-resistant materials extend the instrument's lifespan in harsh environments and reduce maintenance frequency. Attached Figure Description

[0015] The accompanying drawings, which form part of this specification, are used to provide a further understanding of this utility model. The illustrative embodiments and descriptions of this utility model are used to explain this utility model and do not constitute an undue limitation thereof. In the drawings:

[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a high-precision anti-interference type reflective ultrasonic anemometer provided for an embodiment of the present invention.

[0017] In the diagram: 1. Probe mounting base; 2. Ultrasonic probe; 3. Bracket; 4. Reflective surface; 5. Primary coarse adjustment mechanism; 6. Secondary fine adjustment mechanism. Detailed Implementation

[0018] The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features described herein can be combined with each other.

[0019] The following detailed description is exemplary and intended to provide further detailed explanation of the present invention. Unless otherwise specified, all technical terms used in this invention have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention pertains. The terminology used in this invention is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the exemplary embodiments according to this invention.

[0020] Example:

[0021] A high-precision, interference-resistant reflective ultrasonic anemometer includes a probe mounting base 1, ultrasonic probes 2, a support 3, and a reflective surface 4. The reflective surface 4 is located above the probe mounting base 1, and the two are fixedly connected by multiple supports 3 evenly arranged around the edge of the probe mounting base 1. Four ultrasonic probes 2 are fixed on the probe mounting base 1, and these four probes are divided into two groups, arranged on two mutually orthogonal axes. The body of the probe mounting base 1 is an inverted shallow conical or dome-shaped structure, with a higher center and a smooth downward transition at the edges to connect with the supports 3, effectively reducing wind resistance and wind-induced vibration. On the upper surface of the probe mounting base 1, an integrally formed annular flow-guiding weir is provided around each ultrasonic probe 2. This flow-guiding weir adopts an asymmetric streamlined cross-section, and its height gradually decreases from near the probe outwards, used to guide airflow and pollutants away from the sensitive area of ​​the probe. The support 3 is a variable cross-section streamlined structure with a laminar airfoil or teardrop-shaped cross-section. The inner side of the bracket 3 is designed with a smooth flow guide surface to optimize the flow field and reduce the generation of eddies. The connection between the bracket 3 and the probe mounting base 1 adopts an embedded reinforced flange structure to improve the connection rigidity and stability.

[0022] In this embodiment, the reflective surface 4 is connected to the top of the support 3 through a two-stage leveling mechanism. This mechanism is key to achieving high precision and includes a primary coarse adjustment mechanism 5 and a secondary fine adjustment mechanism 6, wherein:

[0023] The primary coarse adjustment mechanism 5 is a spherical universal joint connection assembly, including a ball head support fixed to the top of the bracket 3, with a low-friction wear-resistant bushing embedded in the support; a ball head connecting rod firmly connected to the center of the back of the reflector 4, with one end of the connecting rod being a high-precision ground ball head; and a pressure cap that applies a controllable preload to the ball head by screwing it in. Loosening the pressure cap allows for coarse adjustment of the reflector 4 at various angles.

[0024] Specifically, the ball head support is fixed by bolts or integrally cast with the top frame of the bracket 3. Inside the support is a precision-machined hemispherical bowl-shaped bearing seat. The inner surface of the bearing seat can be inlaid with a low-friction coefficient, high-wear-resistant engineering plastic bushing or made of hard alloy and lubricated with grease to allow the ball head to rotate smoothly and reduce wear.

[0025] The ball joint is a short connecting rod with a high-precision ground ball head at one end. The sphericity error of the ball head is strictly controlled to ensure that the fit with the ball head support is both free of play and allows for flexible rotation. The other end of the ball joint is securely connected to the center reinforcing rib on the back of the reflector 4 via threads or a flange.

[0026] The adjustable preload gland is a gland with an inner conical surface, which is threaded or bolted onto the ball joint support. Tightening the gland applies a controlled clamping force to the ball joint inside. This design allows installers to loosen the gland slightly during initial adjustments for sufficient flexibility to perform coarse adjustments, while after fine adjustments, the gland is fully tightened to eliminate any potential gaps and ensure that the ball joint does not shift under vibration.

[0027] The secondary fine-tuning mechanism 6 consists of three or more fine-tuning screw units evenly distributed around the circumference of the back plate of the reflector surface 4. Each unit includes a fine-threaded fine-tuning screw body with a hard hemispherical contact at the end; a two-way locking mechanism for reliable locking after fine-tuning; and a protective cap for dust and water protection. The edge of the reflector surface 4 also features an integrated, downward-extending guide vane to guide rain and snow away from the working area of ​​the reflector surface 4. The secondary fine-tuning mechanism 6 is used for micron-level fine correction of the flatness and parallelism of the reflector surface 4 based on the coarse adjustment. This unit consists of three or more identical fine-tuning screw units evenly distributed around the circumference of the back plate of the reflector surface 4, forming a stable adjustment plane with the center point of the primary coarse-tuning mechanism 5. Each fine-tuning screw unit contains the following components and is embedded as an independent module into the mounting hole of the back plate of the reflector surface 4.

[0028] Specifically, the fine-tuning screw body is made of stainless steel with fine threads and a very small pitch, so that the axial displacement corresponding to each rotation is minimal, facilitating precise control. The end of the screw is a smooth, extremely hard tungsten carbide hemispherical contact, which makes point contact with the hardened gasket on the back plate of reflector 4.

[0029] The two-way locking mechanism includes a first locking and a second locking, wherein:

[0030] The first layer of locking involves placing two locking nuts on the fine-tuning screw, one inside the back plate of reflector 4 and the other outside. After fine-tuning, tighten the inner and outer locking nuts facing each other to "clamp" the back plate of reflector 4, thereby effectively preventing the screw from rotating spontaneously due to vibration.

[0031] The second layer of locking involves applying a medium-strength anaerobic threadlocker to the threads of the adjusting screw before assembly. Once cured, the threadlocker fills the gaps in the threads, providing additional protection against loosening, while still allowing for easy loosening with a standard tool when maintenance is needed.

[0032] A soft rubber or silicone protective cap can be screwed onto the outside of each fine-tuning screw unit to prevent dust and moisture from entering the threaded pair and ensure its long-term operability.

[0033] The specific collaborative workflow of the two-level leveling mechanism is as follows:

[0034] During installation, first slightly loosen the cover of the primary coarse adjustment mechanism 5. At this point, the reflector 4 gains freedom through the ball joint, allowing for large-angle tilting and rotation. The operator uses tools such as a level to initially adjust the reflector 4 to a position roughly parallel to the probe mounting base 1. After initial positioning, slightly tighten the cover of the primary mechanism to create a certain frictional force on the ball joint. This maintains the initial adjusted posture while allowing for small, controllable elastic deformation under the force of the fine-tuning screw during fine-tuning.

[0035] Then, the operator uses a specialized thin-blade wrench to precisely screw in or out the fine-tuning screws of the three secondary fine-tuning mechanisms 6. By observing the ultrasonic signal intensity or monitoring parallelism using a special calibration fixture, adjustments are made step by step until the reflector 4 reaches the optimal parallel position. This process utilizes the lever principle; the fine-tuning screws push against the back plate of the reflector 4, overcoming some of the friction of the primary mechanism to achieve extremely precise angular changes. After fine-tuning, the pressure cap of the primary coarse-tuning mechanism 5 is first tightened thoroughly according to the torque requirements to completely fix the ball head. Then, the double locking nuts of each fine-tuning screw unit are tightened sequentially. Finally, the protective cap is placed on. At this point, the reflector 4 is firmly fixed in the precisely calibrated position.

[0036] This two-stage leveling mechanism ensures efficiency through coarse adjustment and accuracy through fine adjustment. Combined with a multi-locking design, it achieves long-term, stable, and high-precision maintenance of the parallelism of the reflective surface, fundamentally reducing the impact of installation errors on measurement accuracy.

[0037] In this embodiment, the streamlined bracket and probe mount design significantly improves the airflow field around the instrument, reducing interference from turbulence and eddies on ultrasonic signal propagation. A precise two-stage leveling mechanism ensures a consistently high degree of parallelism between the reflector and the probe mount, fundamentally reducing systematic errors caused by installation deviations and resulting in more accurate and stable wind speed and direction data. The design of the flow-guiding dike and reflector surface guide eaves effectively prevents rain and snow accumulation and dust buildup on critical optical and acoustic surfaces, maintaining signal transmission and reception efficiency. Excellent sealing design and the use of corrosion-resistant materials extend the instrument's lifespan in harsh environments and reduce maintenance frequency.

[0038] Furthermore, the low-drag overall structure and reinforced connection design make the instrument less prone to harmful vibrations in strong winds. The probe mount provides an extremely stable working platform for the ultrasonic probe, ensuring measurement consistency. The two-stage leveling mechanism makes initial installation and precise calibration of the reflective surface efficient and intuitive. Coarse adjustment allows for rapid positioning, while fine adjustment achieves micron-level precision calibration. Combined with a multi-locking design, this ensures the stability of the leveling results under long-term use and vibration environments, significantly reducing the technical barriers and time costs of installation and commissioning. The synergistic effect of these mechanical improvements enhances the instrument's continuous operating capability and data reliability in complex outdoor environments, meeting the demands of demanding industrial applications and scientific observations.

[0039] As is known from common technical knowledge, this utility model can be implemented through other embodiments that do not depart from its spirit or essential characteristics. Therefore, the disclosed embodiments described above are merely illustrative in all respects and are not the only ones. All modifications within the scope of this utility model or its equivalents are included in this utility model.

[0040] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of this utility model and not to limit it. Although the utility model has been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications or equivalent substitutions can still be made to the specific implementation of this utility model. Any modifications or equivalent substitutions that do not depart from the spirit and scope of this utility model should be covered within the protection scope of the claims of this utility model.

Claims

1. A high-precision, anti-interference type reflective ultrasonic anemometer, characterized in that, include: The device comprises a probe mounting base (1), an ultrasonic probe (2), a bracket (3), and a reflective surface (4). The reflective surface (4) is located above the probe mounting base (1) and is fixedly connected to it by multiple brackets (3) evenly arranged around the edge of the probe mounting base (1). At least two sets of ultrasonic probes (2) are fixed on the probe mounting base (1) and are respectively arranged on two mutually orthogonal axes. The reflective surface (4) is connected to the top of the bracket (3) through a two-stage leveling mechanism. The two-stage leveling mechanism includes a coarse adjustment mechanism (5). The primary coarse adjustment mechanism (5) is a ball joint connection assembly, including a ball head support fixed to the top of the bracket (3), a ball head connecting rod connected to the center of the back of the reflective surface (4), and a pressure cap that applies a controllable preload to the ball head by screwing. The secondary fine adjustment mechanism (6) consists of at least three fine adjustment screw units evenly distributed on the circumference of the back plate of the reflective surface (4), which overcome the micro-elastic constraint provided by the primary coarse adjustment mechanism (5) by pushing, and correct the flatness and parallelism of the reflective surface (4).

2. The high-precision anti-interference type reflective ultrasonic anemometer and wind vane according to claim 1, characterized in that, The probe mounting base (1) has an inverted shallow conical or dome-shaped structure with its edges smoothly transitioning downwards and connecting to the bracket (3).

3. The high-precision anti-interference type reflective ultrasonic anemometer and wind vane according to claim 1, characterized in that, The upper surface of the probe mounting base (1) is provided with an integrally formed annular flow guide dam around each ultrasonic probe (2). The flow guide dam adopts an asymmetrical streamlined cross section, and its height gradually decreases from the vicinity of the ultrasonic probe (2) to the outside.

4. The high-precision anti-interference type reflective ultrasonic anemometer and wind vane according to claim 1, characterized in that, The bracket (3) is a variable cross-section streamlined structure with a laminar airfoil or teardrop cross-section, and the inner side of the bracket (3) is designed with a smooth flow guiding surface. The connection between the bracket (3) and the probe mounting base (1) adopts an embedded reinforced flange structure.

5. The high-precision anti-interference type reflective ultrasonic anemometer and wind vane according to claim 1, characterized in that, The ball head support is provided with a hemispherical bowl-shaped bearing seat inside, and the inner surface of the bearing seat is inlaid with a low-friction wear-resistant bushing or lubricated with grease; one end of the ball head connecting rod is a high-precision ground ball head, and the other end is connected to the center of the back of the reflective surface (4); the pressure cap is a component with an inner conical surface, which is connected by threaded engagement or bolts to provide controllable clamping force.

6. The high-precision anti-interference type reflective ultrasonic anemometer and wind vane according to claim 1, characterized in that, Each of the aforementioned fine-tuning screw units includes a fine-threaded fine-tuning screw body, a two-way locking mechanism for reliable locking after fine-tuning, and a protective cap for dust and water protection.

7. The high-precision anti-interference type reflective ultrasonic anemometer and wind vane according to claim 1, characterized in that, The reflective surface (4) has an integrated downward-extending guide vane at its edge.

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